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CN114770973B - Multi-sided composite material barrel bending and twisting resistant composite forming method with long inner ribs and production line - Google Patents

Multi-sided composite material barrel bending and twisting resistant composite forming method with long inner ribs and production line Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114770973B
CN114770973B CN202210251322.8A CN202210251322A CN114770973B CN 114770973 B CN114770973 B CN 114770973B CN 202210251322 A CN202210251322 A CN 202210251322A CN 114770973 B CN114770973 B CN 114770973B
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layer
fiber
polygonal
fiber cloth
braiding
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CN114770973A (en
Inventor
张玉井
孙以泽
孟婥
李诗肄
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Donghua University
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Donghua University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/32Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/347Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation combined with compressing after the winding of lay-ups having a non-circular cross-section, e.g. flat spiral windings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/523Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement in the die
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • B29C70/545Perforating, cutting or machining during or after moulding

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a bending and twisting resistant composite forming method for a polygonal composite material cylinder. The invention provides a polygonal composite material cylinder bending-torsion-resistant composite forming production line, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a mandrel traction system; a fiber cloth guiding device; a middle ply yarn guide plate arrangement; a winding device; a ply yarn guide plate arrangement; a first knitting mechanism; a layering mechanism; a second knitting mechanism; a fat injection curing system; a traction device for the molded composite product; and a cutting device. In the invention, the polygonal cylinder and the rib plate are formed by one-step pultrusion, so that the production efficiency is high and the labor cost is low; the polygonal cylinder adopts a composite forming process of mixed knitting, lapping yarn, winding yarn and fiber cloth lapping, so that the axial strength, ring stiffness, bending resistance, torsion resistance, shearing resistance and other mechanical properties of the cylinder are greatly improved; the transition area between adjacent rib plates adopts a fiber cloth and spreading yarn pultrusion process, so that the connection strength of the rib plates and the cylinder body is increased.

Description

Multi-sided composite material barrel bending and twisting resistant composite forming method with long inner ribs and production line
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bending-torsion-resistant composite forming method for a polygonal composite material cylinder with long inner ribs and a bending-torsion-resistant composite forming production line for the polygonal composite material cylinder with the long inner ribs based on the composite forming method. The long inner rib is characterized in that the inner side of the cross section of the cylinder body is provided with a longer protruding reinforcing rib, and the size of the reinforcing rib is in the same order of magnitude as the size of the cross section of the cylinder body; polygonal refers to geometric shapes such as quadrangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon and the like; the composite material is a composite material formed by compounding carbon fibers, glass fibers, or the like as reinforcing fibers, and resin, or the like as a matrix.
Background
For special requirements, polygonal cylinders are commonly used in industries such as municipal engineering, power communication, building water supply and drainage and the like, and long strip-shaped rib plates are commonly designed on the inner wall of the cylinders for reinforcing structures and improving bending and torsion resistance. In national defense and military industry, the strip rib plates on the inner wall of the cylinder body can also be used as guide rails, and materials or devices can be conveyed through the guide rails in the cylinder body, so that the polygonal cylinder body with the strip inner ribs, which has enough strength, service life and reliability, is very important to manufacture.
At present, most polygonal cylinders are made of metal materials, the metal materials are high in quality, the internal structure of the cylinders is complex, and the processing difficulty is high. With the rapid development of high-performance fibers such as carbon fibers and glass fibers, the advantages of high strength and light weight are gradually applied to the preparation of the cylinder in recent years. The preparation process of the high-performance fiber composite material is various and complex, and a lot of products still stay in a stage requiring a large amount of manpower.
When the high-performance fiber is utilized to prepare the guide rail cylinder body, the cylinder body and the strip-shaped rib plate are usually formed separately, the cylinder body adopts a carbon fiber shaft yarn pultrusion process, the strip-shaped rib plate adopts a carbon fiber prepreg hand lay-up process, and the cylinder body and the strip-shaped rib plate are connected by gluing after being formed. The process mode has the following defects: ① The production efficiency of the mode of separating, forming and re-assembling the cylinder body and the strip-shaped rib plates is low, and the labor cost of the carbon fiber prepreg manual pasting layering process is high; ② The cylinder adopts a carbon fiber shaft yarn pultrusion process, and the product is easy to laminate and is not shearing resistant; ③ The shape and position errors of the strip-shaped rib plates and the cylinder body cannot be guaranteed by adopting an adhesive process, and sometimes reprocessing is needed after the adhesion.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the forming process and the forming production line of the polygonal composite material cylinder with the long inner ribs can ensure the connection strength of the cylinder and the long inner ribs and have high production efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for forming a polygonal composite material cylinder by bending and twisting, wherein a polygonal core mold is adopted, and a plurality of corners of the polygonal core mold are respectively provided with a plurality of long grooves for forming a long strip-shaped inner rib, and the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
coating fiber cloth on the outer surface of the polygonal core mold to form a fiber cloth layer;
paving layer yarns on the outer side of the fiber cloth layer to form an inner layer fiber layer;
winding the winding yarns to the outer side of the inner fiber layering layer in a rotating way to form a winding layer;
laying layer yarns on the outer side of the winding layer to form an intermediate fiber layer;
braiding the outer side of the middle fiber pavement to form an inner braiding layer;
paving layer yarns on the outer side of the inner woven layer to form an outer fiber layer;
forming an outer woven layer by weaving the outer side of the outer fiber layer;
Forming a seven-layer mixed structure preform consisting of a fiber cloth layer, an inner fiber layer, a winding layer, a middle fiber layer, an inner woven layer, an outer fiber layer and an outer woven layer outside the side core die, wherein in the seven-layer mixed structure preform, only the fiber cloth layer and the inner fiber layer are positioned at the positions of the strip-shaped inner ribs; and (3) sending the polygonal core mould coated with the seven-layer mixed structure preformed body into an outer mould, performing high-pressure grease injection and curing molding, continuously pulling out the molded product, and cutting after a certain distance is pulled out to obtain the molded product.
Preferably, the thickness of the seven-layer hybrid structure preform can be adjusted as desired.
The invention provides a polygonal composite material cylinder bending-torsion-resistant composite forming production line, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the mandrel traction system is used for pushing the polygonal mandrel into the outer die;
the fiber cloth guiding device is used for wrapping the outer surface of the polygonal core mould with fiber cloth to form a fiber cloth layer;
The middle spreading yarn guiding plate device is used for spreading yarns on the outer side of the fiber cloth layer to form an inner fiber spreading layer;
The winding device is used for rotationally winding the winding yarns to the outer side of the inner fiber layer to form a winding layer;
the lapping yarn guiding plate device is used for paving lapping yarns on the outer side of the winding layer to form an intermediate fiber lapping layer;
the first braiding mechanism is used for braiding the outer side of the middle fiber pavement to form an inner braiding layer;
The layering mechanism is used for layering yarns on the outer side of the inner layer braiding layer to form an outer fiber layering;
The second braiding mechanism is used for braiding the outer side of the outer fiber layer to form an outer braiding layer;
The fat injection curing system is used for high-pressure fat injection and curing and forming;
The molded composite material product traction device is used for continuously pulling out a molded product obtained by the fat injection curing system;
and the cutting device is used for cutting to obtain a molded product after being pulled out for a certain distance.
Preferably, the device further comprises a mandrel support frame for supporting the polygonal mandrel during pushing.
Preferably, the first knitting mechanism, the layering mechanism and the second knitting mechanism are independent mechanisms; or the first braiding mechanism, the layering mechanism and the second braiding mechanism are integrated in the mixed braiding machine with layering; or the first knitting mechanism and the second knitting mechanism are integrated in the three-dimensional knitting machine.
Preferably, the fiber cloth guiding device is formed by combining four gradually-contracted special-shaped plates, and the special-shaped plates are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction;
Each gradually-contracted special-shaped plate is a thin space curved surface body, the cross section of one end of the thin space curved surface body is provided with a plurality of thin straight plates which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the cross section of the other end of the thin space curved surface body is provided with a plurality of thin curved plates which are separated and are consistent with the forming shape of the final fiber cloth layer; the middle of the thin space curved surface body is a smooth transition area, and the two ends of the thin space curved surface body realize smooth transition through the smooth transition area; the length of the thin straight plate at one end of the thin space curved surface body is equal to that of the thin curved plate at the other end;
The fiber cloth is divided into a plurality of rolls according to the polygonal shape and is respectively paved on the thin straight plate, and along with the feeding of the pultrusion, the fiber cloth is gradually changed from the end of the thin straight plate through a smooth transition area and is fully paved on the end surface of the thin bent plate, so that the fiber cloth is paved into a required shape.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The polygonal cylinder and the rib plate are formed by one-step pultrusion, so that the production efficiency is high and the labor cost is low.
(2) The polygonal cylinder adopts a composite forming process of mixed knitting, lapping yarn, winding yarn and fiber cloth lapping, so that the axial strength, ring stiffness, bending resistance, torsion resistance, shearing resistance and other mechanical properties of the cylinder are greatly improved.
(3) The transition area between adjacent rib plates adopts a fiber cloth and spreading yarn pultrusion process, so that the connection strength of the rib plates and the cylinder body is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a production line disclosed in the examples;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a polygonal core mold used;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the final product;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of section I of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of section II of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a spatially profiled guiding structure;
Fig. 7 is a schematic side view of a spatially profiled guiding structure.
Detailed Description
The application will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present application, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.
The embodiment discloses a polygonal composite material barrel bending-torsion-resistant composite forming method with long-strip-shaped inner ribs, which adopts a polygonal core mold 2, wherein a plurality of corners of the polygonal core mold 2 are respectively provided with a plurality of long grooves for forming the long-strip-shaped inner ribs, and the composite forming method specifically comprises the following steps:
pushing the polygonal core mold 2 into the outer mold by the core mold traction system 1, wherein in the pushing process:
step 1, wrapping the fiber cloth 3 on the outer surface of a polygonal core mold 2 through a fiber cloth guide device 4 to form a fiber cloth layer A which is a first layer;
step 2, paving a first part of laying yarns placed on a laying creel 6 outside a fiber cloth layer A through an intermediate laying yarn guide plate device 5 to form an inner fiber laying layer B which is a second layer;
Step 3, the winding device 7 rotationally winds the winding yarns to the outer side of the inner fiber layer B to form a winding layer C which is a third layer;
Step 4, paving a second part of the laying yarns placed on the laying creel 6 outside the winding layer C through a laying yarn guide plate device 8 to form an intermediate fiber laying layer D which is a fourth layer;
Step 5, braiding an inner braiding layer E which is a fifth layer outside the middle fiber layering D by utilizing an inner ring spindle with a layering mixed braiding machine 9;
step 6, paving second part of paving yarns which are placed on the paving creel 6 outside the inner layer weaving layer E by utilizing an intermediate paving layer with a paving mixed weaving machine 9 to form an outer fiber paving layer F which is a sixth layer;
step 7, weaving an outer woven layer G which is a seventh layer on the outer side of the outer fiber layer F by utilizing an outer ring spindle of the mixed weaving machine 9 with the layer;
thus, a seven-layer hybrid structure preform composed of the fiber cloth layer a, the inner fiber ply B, the winding layer C, the intermediate fiber ply D, the inner braid E, the outer fiber ply F, and the outer braid G is formed outside the polygonal core mold 2, and in the seven-layer hybrid structure preform, only the fiber cloth layer a and the inner fiber ply B are located at the long inner rib position; after the polygonal mandrel 2 coated with the seven-layer mixed structure preform is sent into an outer die, high-pressure grease injection and curing molding are performed by using a grease injection curing system 10, the molded product 11 is continuously pulled out by a molded composite material product traction device 12, and after a certain distance is pulled out, the molded product is obtained by cutting by using a cutting device 13, so that a final product with a certain length is obtained.
In the above method, the thickness of the seven-layer hybrid structure preform may be adjusted as needed; the belt ply hybrid braiding machine 9 may also be a three-dimensional braiding machine or a common single layer braiding machine. In the obtained final product, the plurality of fiber cloths in the innermost layer form a complete reinforcing layer on the root parts of the rib plates and the inner surface of the polygonal cylinder body, so that the bending resistance and the overall torsion resistance of the root parts of the strip-shaped inner rib in the cylinder body can be obviously enhanced.
The invention provides a polygonal composite material cylinder bending-torsion-resistant composite forming production line with strip-shaped inner ribs, which adopts the composite forming method and comprises a mandrel traction system 1, a polygonal mandrel 2, a fiber cloth guiding device 4, a middle ply yarn guiding plate device 5, a ply yarn frame 6, a winding device 7, a ply yarn guiding plate device 8, a ply mixed braiding machine 9, a fat injection curing system 10, a formed composite material product traction device 12 and a cutting device 13, and also comprises the following components:
A core mold supporting frame 14 for supporting the polygonal core mold 2 during pushing.
In this embodiment, because the cylinder structure is complex, the difficulty of laying the innermost carbon cloth layer is relatively high, and the fiber cloth guiding device 4 is designed to adopt a special space special-shaped guiding structure, and is formed by combining 4 gradually-contracted special-shaped plates 4-1, and the special-shaped plates 4-1 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction. The deformed sheet 4-1 with gradual shrinkage is a thin space curved surface body formed by processing a sheet by punching, bending and the like. The cross section of one end of the thin space curved surface body is provided with a plurality of thin straight plates which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the cross section of the other end of the thin space curved surface body is provided with a plurality of separated thin curved plates which are consistent with the molding shape of the final fiber cloth layer A. The middle of the thin space curved surface body is a smooth transition area, and the two ends of the thin space curved surface body realize smooth transition through the smooth transition area. The length of the thin straight plate at one end of the thin space curved surface body is equal to that of the thin curved plate at the other end. The fiber cloth 3 is divided into a plurality of rolls according to the polygonal shape, is respectively paved on the thin straight plate, and gradually changes from the thin straight plate end through a smooth transition area along with the feeding of the pultrusion and is fully paved on the surface of the thin bent plate end. By such a guide region, the fiber cloth 3 can be smoothly laid into a desired shape.

Claims (5)

1. A polygonal composite material barrel anti-bending composite forming production line adopts a polygonal mandrel, and a plurality of corners of the polygonal mandrel are respectively provided with a plurality of long grooves for forming long strip-shaped inner ribs, and the polygonal composite material barrel anti-bending composite forming production line is characterized by comprising:
the mandrel traction system is used for pushing the polygonal mandrel into the outer die;
The fiber cloth guiding device is used for wrapping the outer surface of the polygonal core mould with fiber cloth to form a fiber cloth layer; the fiber cloth guiding device is formed by combining four gradually-contracted special-shaped plates, and the special-shaped plates are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction;
Each gradually-contracted special-shaped plate is a thin space curved surface body, the cross section of one end of the thin space curved surface body is provided with a plurality of thin straight plates which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the cross section of the other end of the thin space curved surface body is provided with a plurality of thin curved plates which are separated and are consistent with the forming shape of the final fiber cloth layer; the middle of the thin space curved surface body is a smooth transition area, and the two ends of the thin space curved surface body realize smooth transition through the smooth transition area; the length of the thin straight plate at one end of the thin space curved surface body is equal to that of the thin curved plate at the other end;
The fiber cloth is divided into a plurality of rolls according to the polygonal shape and is respectively paved on the thin straight plate, and along with the feeding of the pultrusion, the fiber cloth is gradually changed from the end of the thin straight plate through a smooth transition area and is fully paved on the end surface of the thin bent plate, so that the fiber cloth is paved into a required shape;
The middle spreading yarn guiding plate device is used for spreading yarns on the outer side of the fiber cloth layer to form an inner fiber spreading layer;
The winding device is used for rotationally winding the winding yarns to the outer side of the inner fiber layer to form a winding layer;
the lapping yarn guiding plate device is used for paving lapping yarns on the outer side of the winding layer to form an intermediate fiber lapping layer;
the first braiding mechanism is used for braiding the outer side of the middle fiber pavement to form an inner braiding layer;
The layering mechanism is used for layering yarns on the outer side of the inner layer braiding layer to form an outer fiber layering;
The second braiding mechanism is used for braiding the outer side of the outer fiber layer to form an outer braiding layer;
The fat injection curing system is used for high-pressure fat injection and curing and forming;
The molded composite material product traction device is used for continuously pulling out a molded product obtained by the fat injection curing system;
and the cutting device is used for cutting to obtain a molded product after being pulled out for a certain distance.
2. A composite forming line for polygonal composite material barrels resistant to bending torsion as in claim 1, further comprising a mandrel support for supporting the polygonal mandrel during pushing.
3. The bending and twisting resistant composite forming production line for polygonal composite material barrels as set forth in claim 1, wherein said first braiding mechanism, said layering mechanism and said second braiding mechanism are independent mechanisms; or the first braiding mechanism, the layering mechanism and the second braiding mechanism are integrated in the mixed braiding machine with layering; or the first knitting mechanism and the second knitting mechanism are integrated in the three-dimensional knitting machine.
4. A method for forming a polygonal composite material cylinder body by adopting the polygonal composite material cylinder body bending-torsion-resistant composite forming production line as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
coating fiber cloth on the outer surface of the polygonal core mold to form a fiber cloth layer;
paving layer yarns on the outer side of the fiber cloth layer to form an inner layer fiber layer;
winding the winding yarns to the outer side of the inner fiber layering layer in a rotating way to form a winding layer;
laying layer yarns on the outer side of the winding layer to form an intermediate fiber layer;
braiding the outer side of the middle fiber pavement to form an inner braiding layer;
paving layer yarns on the outer side of the inner woven layer to form an outer fiber layer;
forming an outer woven layer by weaving the outer side of the outer fiber layer;
Forming a seven-layer mixed structure preform consisting of a fiber cloth layer, an inner fiber layer, a winding layer, a middle fiber layer, an inner woven layer, an outer fiber layer and an outer woven layer outside the polygonal core die, wherein in the seven-layer mixed structure preform, only the fiber cloth layer and the inner fiber layer are positioned at the positions of the strip-shaped inner ribs; and (3) sending the polygonal core mould coated with the seven-layer mixed structure preformed body into an outer mould, performing high-pressure grease injection and curing molding, continuously pulling out the molded product, and cutting after a certain distance is pulled out to obtain the molded product.
5. The method for bending and twisting resistant composite forming a polygonal composite material cylinder as claimed in claim 4, wherein the thickness of the seven-layer hybrid structure preform can be adjusted as required.
CN202210251322.8A 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Multi-sided composite material barrel bending and twisting resistant composite forming method with long inner ribs and production line Active CN114770973B (en)

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CN105952981A (en) * 2016-05-20 2016-09-21 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Pultrusion pipe and manufacturing method and equipment thereof

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