CN114758488B - Passive switch device - Google Patents
Passive switch device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114758488B CN114758488B CN202210264529.9A CN202210264529A CN114758488B CN 114758488 B CN114758488 B CN 114758488B CN 202210264529 A CN202210264529 A CN 202210264529A CN 114758488 B CN114758488 B CN 114758488B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0229—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
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- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a passive switch device, which belongs to the field of intelligent control and comprises a radio frequency module and an execution module; in an initial state, the device is in a passive and energy-consuming state, and the radio frequency module and the execution module are not electrified; when the radio frequency module receives and executes a starting instruction, the device is switched to an active state, at the moment, the radio frequency module and the execution module are both electrified to work, and the radio frequency module is switched to an active standby state. In addition, the radio frequency module in the switch device can receive and execute the starting, reading and writing and stopping instructions in any state, thereby not only solving the technical defect that the remote control switch in the prior art still consumes energy when not in work, but also executing the starting, reading and writing and stopping instructions in a passive standby state, and avoiding the defect that the device cannot receive signals after the switch is turned off.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent control, in particular to a passive switching device.
Background
Various wireless remote control switches are produced on the market, but only have the wireless remote control on/off function, the receiving ends are required to be in a power-on standby state, and when the controlled equipment is stopped and does not work for a long time, the receiving end module is required to be in a power supply state to continuously consume energy. Based on this, there is a need for a passive switching device that can save energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a passive switch device, which solves the technical defects that a remote control switch in the prior art still keeps a power supply state and continuously consumes energy when not working.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the present invention provides a passive switching device comprising: a radio frequency module and an execution module;
the radio frequency module includes: the radio frequency front-end circuit is electrically connected with the power management circuit and the central control logic circuit, and the power management circuit is electrically connected with the first coil; the radio frequency front-end circuit is used for receiving an induction signal transmitted by an antenna, processing the induction signal into a data signal and an energy signal, transmitting the data signal to a central control logic circuit, and transmitting the energy signal to the power management circuit, wherein the power management circuit is used for performing energy management on the energy signal and supplying power to the first coil; the central control logic circuit is used for receiving the data signal output after the radio frequency front-end circuit processes the data signal and judging the validity of the data signal;
in an initial state, the device is in a passive state, the passive state is a non-energy-consumption state, and the radio frequency module and the execution module are not electrified; when the central control logic circuit judges that the data signal is effective, the device is switched to an active state, the radio frequency module and the execution module are electrified to work, and the radio frequency module is switched to an active standby state; when the central control logic circuit judges that the data signal is invalid, the radio frequency module returns to a passive standby state;
the execution module comprises an execution switch, the execution switch is connected in series in a load power supply circuit, and the execution switch is used for being closed when the first coil is electrified;
the radio frequency module can receive and execute the instructions of starting up, reading and writing and stopping in any state.
Optionally, the executing module further includes: the first switch and the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit;
the first switch is connected between a mains supply and the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit in series and used for being closed when the first coil is electrified;
the output end of the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected with the power management circuit.
Optionally, the radio frequency module further includes a second coil juxtaposed to the first coil;
the execution module further comprises a second switch, and the second switch is connected with the first switch in series; the central control logic circuit is used for controlling the power management circuit to respectively supply power to the first coil and the second coil, and the second switch is used for being switched off when the second coil is electrified.
Optionally, the executing module includes: a logic and hold module and a switch module;
the logic and holding module comprises a logic control circuit, a rectification voltage stabilizing circuit and a relay driving circuit; the logic control circuit is connected with the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit in series and comprises the first switch, the second switch and a first normally open contact of the relay connected with the first switch in parallel; the relay driving circuit is connected with the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit in series and comprises a relay coil; the relay coil is used for electrifying when the first switch is closed; the first normally open contact of the relay is used for realizing self-locking when the coil of the relay is electrified;
the switch module comprises the execution switch, a coil corresponding to the execution switch and a second normally open contact of the relay; the second normally open contact of the relay is connected with the coil corresponding to the execution switch in series and is used for being closed when the coil of the relay is electrified; and the coil corresponding to the execution switch is used for electrifying when the second normally open contact of the relay is closed.
Optionally, a sensor is further included; the sensor is used for realizing environment monitoring and information perception and comprises an alternating current power supply sensor or a direct current power supply sensor;
when the sensor is powered by alternating current, the power supply end of the sensor is connected with the load in parallel, and the data end of the sensor is connected with the central control logic circuit;
when the sensor is powered by direct current, the power supply end of the sensor is connected with a relay coil in the relay driving circuit in parallel, and the data end of the sensor is connected with the central control logic circuit.
Optionally, the radio frequency module further includes a memory;
the memory stores the ID number, the address and the configuration information data of the memory;
when the radio frequency module receives a reading instruction, the central control logic circuit reads data from the designated unit of the memory and returns the data to the terminal; and when the radio frequency module receives a write instruction, the central control logic circuit writes data sent by the terminal into a designated unit in the memory.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a passive switch device, which comprises a radio frequency module, a logic and holding module and a switch module, wherein the logic and holding module is connected with the switch module; in an initial state, the device is in a passive and energy-consuming state, and the radio frequency module, the logic and holding module and the switch module are not electrified; when the radio frequency module receives and executes a starting-up instruction, the device is switched to an active state, the logic and holding module and the switch module are electrified to work at the moment, and the radio frequency module is switched to an active standby state. In addition, the radio frequency module in the switch device can receive and execute the starting, reading and writing and stopping instructions in any state, thereby not only solving the technical defect that the remote control switch in the prior art still consumes energy when not in work, but also executing the starting, reading and writing and stopping instructions in a passive standby state, and avoiding the defect that the device cannot receive signals after the switch is turned off.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a passive switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of modules in a passive switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an rf transceiver chip in a passive switch device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rectifying circuit of an antenna, an impedance matching circuit and a charge pump in the passive switching device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of power management in a passive switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of a reed switch driving circuit in a passive switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a reed switch relay (normally open type) in the passive switching device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication frame format in a passive switch device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of an application scenario of the passive switch device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the symbols:
1. the system comprises a radio frequency module, 2, a logic and holding module, 3, a switch module, 11, an antenna, 12, a radio frequency transceiver chip, 13, a reed switch driving coil circuit, 121, a radio frequency front-end circuit, 122, a central control logic circuit, 123, a power management circuit, 124, a memory, 125, a reed switch driving circuit, 21, a logic control circuit, 22, a rectification voltage stabilizing circuit, 23, a relay driving circuit, 31, a contactor driving circuit, 32 and an input/output terminal circuit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The working state change and the function change of the common remote control switch can not be adjusted according to the requirement, the working mode is fixed, and the change is difficult to carry out in the using process; meanwhile, as a single remote control switch, the remote control switch does not have product information inquiry, use maintenance support and associated information introduction, and the switch cannot be expanded into a sensing node. The switch is used as a node, and related controlled objects form a local area network through the switch node, so that the local area network has an intelligent system with mutual coordination, state perception and interconnection, and the single on/off control function of switch products can be greatly expanded.
The invention aims to provide a passive switch device which can solve the problems that a remote control switch in the prior art still needs to be kept in a power supply state during standby and consumes energy continuously; the working state adjustment and function conversion of the common remote control switch can not be adjusted according to the requirements, the working mode is fixed, and the change is difficult to carry out in the using process; meanwhile, as a single remote control switch, the remote control switch does not have the functions of product information query, use and maintenance support, equipment state monitoring and the like, and cannot expand the switch into a sensing node and the like.
The passive switch device with the radio frequency identification function provided by the invention has the advantages that a remote control command is generated and sent by a portable terminal such as a remote controller, a mobile phone, a PDA (personal digital assistant), a wireless access point AP (access point), and the like, the passive switch device with the radio frequency identification function is in a passive standby state before receiving the command, is switched into an active power supply state after receiving a radio frequency activation signal and a control command code, and executes the operations of on-off state control, information perception, data return and the like of a controlled object; and after receiving the turn-off instruction code, recovering the original power-on and power-off state of the controlled object, stopping the functions of information sensing, data returning and the like, and recovering the passive standby state.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a passive switch device, please refer to fig. 1, which includes: a radio frequency module 1 (fig. 2 a) and an execution module;
the radio frequency module 1 includes: RF front-end circuit 121, power management circuit 123, first coil KR 1 And a central control logic circuit 122, the rf front-end circuit 121, the power management circuit 123 and the central control logic circuit 122 are electrically connected, and the power management circuit 123 and the first coil KR 1 Electrically connecting; the rf front-end circuit 121 is configured to receive an induction signal transmitted from the antenna 11, process the induction signal into a data signal and an energy signal, transmit the data signal to the central control logic circuit 122, and transmit the energy signal to the power management circuit 123; the power management circuit 123 is configured to perform energy management on the energy signal and supply the energy signal to the first coil KR 1 Supplying power; the central control logic circuit 122 is configured to receive a data signal output after being processed by the rf front-end circuit 121, and determine validity of the data signal;
in an initial state, the device is in a passive state, the passive state is a non-energy-consumption state, and the radio frequency module 1 and the execution module are not electrified; when the central control logic circuit 122 determines that the data signal is valid, the device is switched to an active state, the radio frequency module 1 and the execution module are both powered on to work, and the radio frequency module 1 is switched to an active standby state; when the central control logic circuit 122 determines that the data signal is invalid, the radio frequency module 1 returns to a passive standby state;
an execution module comprising an execution switch, wherein the execution switch is connected in series in a load power supply circuit and is used for the first coil KR 1 Closed when electrified;
the radio frequency module 1 can receive and execute the starting, reading and writing and stopping instructions in any state.
As an optional implementation manner, the execution module further includes: a first switching and rectifying regulator circuit 22. The first switching and rectifying regulator circuit 22 here belongs to the architecture of the logic and hold block of the execution block.
The output end of the rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit 22 is electrically connected with the power management circuit 123.
The first switch is connected in series between the mains supply and the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit 22, and is used for being closed when the first coil is powered on, so that the mains supply is used for providing a working power supply for the radio frequency module 1 when the first switch is closed. It should be further noted that, in this embodiment, before the first switch is turned on, the rf module 1 receives the rf signal through the antenna 11, the antenna 11 converts the rf signal into an inductive signal and feeds the inductive signal into the rf front-end circuit 121, and the rf front-end circuit 121 outputs two paths of signals, one of which is an rf energy signal containing a carrier, and outputs V after boosting and rectifying the rf energy signal RF Sent to the power management circuit 123, and the power management circuit 123 outputs V DD As an early working power supply for the whole rf module 1.
Optionally, the rf front-end circuit 121 may include a demodulator, a boost rectification and voltage stabilization circuit, a load modulation circuit, and a clock circuit (not shown in the figure), and the boost rectification and voltage stabilization circuit may include an impedance matching circuit and a charge pump rectification circuit.
The other path of signals output by the rf front-end circuit 121 is data signals, and the data signals are demodulated and then sent to the central control logic circuit 122 as the basis for identification, command identification and operation, and perform corresponding operations.
As an optional implementation, the radio frequency module 1 further includes a first coil KR 1 Second coil KR arranged in parallel 2 In this embodiment, the first coil KR 1 And a second coil KR 2 Are all reed-tube drive coils, i.e. the first coil KR 1 Is a first reed pipe drive coil KR 1 Second coil KR 2 Is a second reed pipe drive coil KR 2 The rf module 1 of the present apparatus includes a reed switch driving coil circuit 13.
The execution module further comprises a second switch, and the second switch is connected with the first switch in series; wherein the first switch is connected with the first reed pipe drive coil KR 1 Corresponding normally open contact KR 1 The second switch is connected with the second reed pipe driving coil KR 2 Corresponding normally closed contact KR 2 。
The central control logic circuit 122 is further configured to control the power management circuit 123 to supply power to the reed pipe driving circuit 125, and the reed pipe driving circuit 125 supplies power to the first reed pipe driving coil KR 1 And a second reed pipe drive coil KR 2 Supply of electric power, said normally open contact KR 1 For driving the coil KR in the first reed pipe 1 Closed when energized, said normally closed contact KR 2 For driving the coil KR in the second reed pipe 2 And is disconnected when energized.
Optionally, the executing module includes: a logic and hold module 2 (fig. 2 c) and a switch module 3 (fig. 2 b);
the logic and hold module 2 comprises a logic control circuit 21, the rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit 22 and a relay drive circuit 23; the logic control circuit 21 is connected in series with the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit 22 and comprises a normally open contact KR 1 Normally closed contact KR 2 And with said normally open contact KR 1 A first normally open contact KA of the relay connected in parallel; the relay driving circuit 23 is connected in series with the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit 22 and comprises a relay KA coil; the relay KA coil is used as the normally open contact KR 1 When closed, the power is switched on; the relay first normally open contact KA is used for realizing self-locking when the relay coil is electrified;
the switch module 3 comprises the execution switch, a coil corresponding to the execution switch and a second normally open contact of the relay KA; more specifically, the switch module may include an input/output terminal circuit 32 and a contactor driving circuit 31, wherein the input/output terminal circuit 32 includes the execution switch, a load and a power supply (mains), and the contactor driving circuit 31 includes a coil corresponding to the execution switch and a second normally open contact of the relay KA.
In this embodiment, the coil corresponding to the execution switch may be a coil of a contactor KM, and the execution switch may be a normally open contact of the contactor KM; the second normally open contact of the relay KA is connected with the coil of the contactor KM in series and used for being closed when the coil of the relay KA is electrified; and the coil of the contactor KM is used for electrifying when the second normally open contact of the relay KA is closed.
The relay can adopt a high-sensitivity electromagnetic drive reed switch relay, the effective length L of the reed switch is not less than 40mm, and the diameter D of the cavity is not more than 2mm, so that the requirement of the reed switch on the drive power is very low.
Optionally, the rf front-end circuit 121, the power management circuit 123, the reed switch driving circuit 125 and the central control logic circuit 122 in the present apparatus may all be disposed in the rf transceiver chip 12 (fig. 3); the radio frequency transceiver chip 12 is disposed in the radio frequency module 1 and connected in series with the radio frequency transceiver chip 11.
As an optional implementation manner, the radio frequency transceiver chip 12 of the present apparatus further includes a memory 124;
the memory 124 stores its own ID number, address and configuration information data;
when the radio frequency module 1 11 receives a reading instruction, the central control logic circuit 122 reads data from the designated unit of the memory 124 and returns the data to the terminal; when the rf module 1 receives a write command, the central control logic circuit 122 writes data sent from the terminal into a designated unit in the memory 124.
The device can be combined with correspondingly developed mobile phone APP and AP application (see figure 9). Indoor short-distance remote control operation can be carried out through the mobile phone or the mobile phone + AP, and outdoor long-distance remote control operation can be carried out through the mobile phone + the Internet + the AP.
It should be noted that the switching device provided by the present invention can flexibly select the type of the antenna 11 according to the working environment of the controlled object. That is, different applications, different configurations of the antenna 11, such as a microstrip antenna, a parabolic antenna, a spiral antenna, an array antenna, etc., may be adopted, so as to improve the receiving efficiency of the rf signal to the maximum extent, so as to improve the remote control distance.
Optionally, the radio frequency signal received by the antenna adopts 2.400GH Z ～2.4835GH Z Frequency band, thereby the device can be realized by AP (WIFI router)The intelligent control system has a control function, and is convenient to access the Internet of things to realize intelligent control.
Optionally, the radio frequency signal transmission from the terminal to the device adopts manchester coding; the radio frequency signal transmission from the device to the terminal adopts bidirectional space coding. Because the device is initially in a passive standby state, the remote controller is required to send enough radio frequency energy to activate the radio frequency module 1 to work, manchester encoding can not only ensure that the radio frequency energy can be transmitted when 0 is continuously transmitted, but also provide clock information, so that the structure of the radio frequency module 1 can be simplified and the power consumption can be reduced; when a plurality of switch devices exist locally, the remote controller needs to perform collision detection on the received code stream returned by the switch devices and receive information by adopting an anti-collision algorithm, and the bidirectional spatial coding has strong coding error detection capability, so that the structure of the radio frequency module 1 can be further simplified and the power consumption can be reduced. Meanwhile, the related information can be read by using a common reader-writer which conforms to the ISO18000-4 standard.
Optionally, in the apparatus, the forward channel adopts a gaussian minimum shift keying modulation mode, and the reverse channel adopts a binary phase shift keying modulation mode, so that the frequency spectrum utilization rate and the communication quality of digital mobile communication can be improved, and a common reader-writer conforming to ISO18000-4 standard can be used to read related information, wherein the forward channel is from the terminal to the apparatus, and the reverse channel is from the apparatus to the terminal.
As an optional implementation manner, various sensors can be connected to the switching device provided by the invention to realize environment monitoring and information perception.
Specifically, for different ac/dc power supplies of the sensors, there are 2 access methods:
(1) AC power supply sensor
Power supply of the sensor is terminated L in the switch module 3 of FIG. 2b 3 And L 4 Connected in parallel with the load lamp; the data terminals of the sensors are connected to the TX and RX data terminals in fig. 3. After the sensor is powered on, the sensor communicates with the central control logic in the rf transceiver chip 12 to collect sensing information, and uploads data through the rf front-end circuit 121 and the antenna 11.
(2) DC power supply sensor
Power supply of sensor is connected with V in logic control module of FIG. 2c BC And a ground; the data terminals of the sensors are connected to the TX and RX data terminals in fig. 3. After the sensor is powered on and started, the sensor communicates with the central control logic in the radio frequency transceiver chip 12 to collect sensing information, and uploads data through the radio frequency front-end circuit 121 and the antenna 11.
The embodiment can monitor the environment and the working state of the controlled object through the access sensor to acquire the related information.
In the initial state of the whole device in this embodiment, the whole device is called a passive state, at this time, the radio frequency module 1, the logic and holding module 2, and the switch module 3 are all in a passive standby state, after the radio frequency module 1 receives and executes a power-on instruction, the whole device is converted into an active state, at this time, the logic and holding module 2 is powered on to work, the switch module 3 is powered on to work, and the radio frequency module 1 is converted into an active standby state, and the radio frequency module 1 can receive and execute three types of instructions of power-on, read-write, and shutdown in any state.
The implementation of the three states of the apparatus is described in detail below.
The starting-up instruction execution process of the passive switch device comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 1, the whole device is normally in a passive state, and the antenna 11 of the rf module 1 receives the rf signal transmitted by the remote controller and generates the sensing signal V TX The signals are fed into the rf front-end circuit 121 of the rf transceiver chip 12, the rf front-end circuit 121 outputs two paths of signals (actually, a clock output signal should be included for synchronous control), one path is a demodulated data signal, and the demodulated data signal is sent to the central control logic circuit 122 as a basis for identification, command identification and operation; the other path is a radio frequency energy signal containing a carrier wave, and the radio frequency energy signal is subjected to boosting rectification and then outputs V RF Sent to the power management circuit 123, and the power management circuit 123 outputs V DD As an early working power supply of the whole rf module 1 (as shown in fig. 3), the rf module 1 starts from receiving an rf signal transmitted from a remote controller or the like, and goes from a passive standby state to one of the following 2 processes: (1) activated → autonomous power supply → identification → instruction identification → identificationThe identification or the instruction identification is invalid, and the passive standby state is returned; (2) activated → autonomous power supply → identification → instruction identification → identification and instruction identification are both effective, execute instruction → shift to active standby state.
The boot instruction execution process comprises the following steps:
as a result of the central control logic 122 executing the power-on command, the reed-driving circuit 125 is controlled to apply KR to the first reed-driving coil 13 1 Supplying power, under the action of electromagnetic attraction, to logic and hold KR in module 2 1 And the normally open contact is closed, and a load power supply is switched on to supply power to the logic and holding module 2.
KR 1 The normally open contact is closed, the logic and holding module 2 is electrified, the relay KA coil in the logic and holding module 2 is electrified, and one of the normally open contacts of the relay KA shorts KR 1 The normally open contacts realize self-locking (the relay KA has two normally open contacts, one of which is positioned in the logic and holding module 2 and is used for self-locking, and the other one is positioned in the switch module 3 and is used for on/off control of the coil of the contactor KM), and the logic and holding module 2 outputs continuous and stable V BC As another input signal of the power management circuit 123 in the rf transceiver chip 12, the power management circuit 123 outputs V DD As the working power supply of the radio frequency module 1 (as shown in fig. 5, here, because of V RF The power management circuit 123 is powered by a brief V RF And V BC Double-circuit power supply single-circuit output V DD State, automatically converted to V BC Single-way power supply and single-way output V DD Status); meanwhile, the other normally open contact of the relay KA in the switch module 3 is closed, the contactor KM coil in the switch module 3 is energized, the normally open contact of the contactor KM is closed, the load is energized, started and operated (in this state, the radio frequency module 1, the logic and hold module 2, and the switch module 3 of the whole device are all powered by the load power supply), and the radio frequency module 1 is switched into an active standby state.
The radio frequency module 1 can receive and respond to various instructions (instruction frames) sent by a remote controller at any time in an active standby state, such as a shutdown instruction, a read-write instruction and the like.
The shutdown instruction execution process comprises the following steps:
the entire device is normally in an active state, and as a result of the central control logic executing the shutdown command, the second reed pipe driving coil KR is driven by the reed pipe driving circuit 125 2 Supplying power, under the action of electromagnetic attraction, to logic and hold KR in module 2 2 The normally closed contact is disconnected, the load power supply is disconnected to supply power to the logic and holding module 2, the logic and holding module 2 loses power, the KA coil is powered off, the KA normally open contact is normally opened again, the self-locking state is relieved, and V is BC Output is zero, V DD The output is zero, and the radio frequency module 1 restores to a passive standby state; the KM coil in the switch module 3 is powered off, the KM normally-open contact is normally opened again, and the load is powered off and stopped (the radio frequency module 1, the logic and holding module 2 and the switch module 3 are powered off and stand by).
And (3) a read-write instruction execution process:
the read-write type instruction can be executed in a passive state or an active state, the read-write type instruction is executed only by relating to the internal operation of the radio frequency module 1 without the active or passive state conversion, and the operation and state conversion of the logic and holding module 2 and the switch module 3 is not related, and the read-write type instruction comprises the following steps: (1) a read instruction, which reads data from the designated unit of the memory 124 of the radio frequency transceiver chip 12 and returns the data to the remote controller, and (2) a write instruction, which writes the data sent by the remote controller into the designated unit of the memory 124 of the radio frequency transceiver chip 12.
The radio frequency module 1 is in a passive standby state or an active standby state, and an antenna 11 of the radio frequency module 1 receives a radio frequency signal sent by a remote controller and the like to generate an induction signal V TX The signal is fed into the rf front-end circuit 121 of the rf transceiver chip 12, the rf front-end circuit 121 outputs two paths of signals, one of which is a demodulated data signal and is sent to the central control logic circuit 122 as a basis for identification, instruction identification and operation, and performs corresponding operation control; the other path is a radio frequency energy signal containing a carrier wave, and the radio frequency energy signal is subjected to boosting rectification and then outputs V RF Sent to the power management circuit 123, and the power management circuit 123 outputs V DD As a working power supply of the whole rf module 1, as shown in fig. 3, after the instruction execution is completed, the rf module 1 automatically switches to a passive standby state. As shown in FIG. 2, L 1 ～L 5 Is an integralA connection terminal (pin) identification of the device, wherein L 1 And L 2 Connected to a power supply, L 3 And L 4 Connected to a load, L 5 And L 2 For low voltage DC powered load applications (e.g., DC 5V).
The switch device provided by the invention can be applied to switch control, identity recognition, information perception and the like of alternating current and direct current loads, the device is controlled by radio frequency signals, the validity and the type of a control instruction can be recognized, the device is in a passive and energy-consuming state when the switch is switched off and standby, the device is converted into active power supply after the switch is switched on and the load is switched on, the passive state is recovered after the switch is switched off again, remote control operation can be realized through a remote controller, a mobile phone, a WIFI module and the like, and the frequency range of the radio frequency signals is flexible and selectable.
In order to make the solution of the present invention clearer, an example is given below for explanation.
Opening an APP application interface of a remote controller or a mobile phone remote control application, sending a control instruction, activating each passive switch device with a radio frequency identification function in an action range of the remote controller or an AP coverage range, entering an activated state from a standby state, starting power-on reset, and preparing to execute various control instructions at any time.
The format of the command or data sent by the remote controller or the mobile phone is shown in fig. 8 a) and b), the preamble detection field is a stable carrier with a duration of at least 400 μ s, and the carrier and the subsequent radio frequency signal are processed by the radio frequency front end and the power management circuit 123 in the radio frequency module 1 to output V DD As a power source of the rf module 1, the rf module 1 is activated to start working (actually, the rf transceiver chip 12 is activated and starts working), as shown in fig. 5, the preamble detection field mainly provides rf energy, and then each field transmits both data and rf energy.
After the radio frequency module 1 is activated, the identification of both parties (the remote controller party and the device party) is carried out, then the ID number or the address is identified to confirm the receiver of the instruction, if the receiver of the instruction is not the self-control instruction, the receiver of the instruction enters a standby state, and if the receiver of the instruction is the self-control instruction, the receiver of the instruction enters an instruction execution process link.
And a starting instruction executing process: central control logic for RF transceiver chip 12The reed switch drive circuit 125 is controlled so that the first reed switch drive coil KR 1 Energizing, logically AND-holding the reed switch KR in the module 2 1 The normally open contact is closed, the relay KA coil is electrified, and the KA normally open contact is closed and short-circuited KR 1 The normally open contact realizes self-locking (along with the time, the energy storage capacitor C L A reduced power supply capacity of KR 1 Electromagnetic attraction generated by the coil decreases, KR 1 The normally open contact is released and normally opened, but due to the self-locking effect, the relay KA coil is kept in an electrified state at all times), the other normally open contact of the KA relay in the switch module 3 is closed, the contactor KM coil is electrified, the KM normally open contact is closed, a power supply loop of a controlled load is connected, and the load is started to run. Meanwhile, the rectification stack VC in the logic and hold module 2 is powered on to start working and provide a continuously stable output voltage V BC The RF transceiver chip 12 of the RF module 1 detects V BC Then, the power management circuit 123 supplies power from the initial V RF Conversion to V BC Supplying power to continuously provide stable power supply V for the chip and the radio frequency module 1 DD . In the normal working and running state of the load, the power supply of the device is taken from a load power supply loop through the switch module 3, and after the rectification and the voltage stabilization of the logic and holding module 2, the power supply finally outputs V through the power supply management circuit 123 of the radio frequency module 1 DD In this stage, the radio frequency module 1 maintains bidirectional communication with the remote controller (at this time, it is equivalent to that the radio frequency module 1 is in an active standby state).
And a shutdown instruction execution process: the central control logic of the rf transceiver chip 12 controls the reed switch driving circuit 125, so that the second reed switch driving coil KR 2 Energizing, corresponding logical AND, holding the clarinet KR in the module 2 2 The normally closed contact disconnection, relay KA coil outage, the KA normally open contact that is in logic and keep module 2 resumes normally open and removes the auto-lock, and the KA normally open contact that is in switch module 3 resumes normally open, and contactor KM coil outage, KM normally open contact resume normally open, cuts off the load power supply, and this device resumes passive standby state.
As shown in fig. 3, the rf transceiver chip 12 is composed of an rf front-end circuit 121. A power management circuit 123, a central control logic circuit 122, a memory 124 and a reed switch driving circuit 125, which are used for receiving and feeding in the radio frequency signal V by the antenna 11 TX Forming direct current V after radio frequency front end voltage doubling rectification RF Enters the power management circuit 123, and the power management circuit 123 outputs V DD Early power supply (reed switch relay KR) as RF transceiver chip 12 1 Once the normally open contact is closed, the KA relay is electrified and self-locked, and the output V at the later stage DD Then V from the logic and hold module 2 BC Power supply), the central control logic undertakes the tasks of identification, command type identification, command response operation control and the like of the device and the remote controller, the memory 124 stores data such as self ID number, address, configuration information and the like, and the reed switch driving circuit 125 realizes on-off driving control of the reed switch under the control of the central control logic circuit 122.
As shown in fig. 4, a Dickson voltage-doubler rectification structure is adopted to generate a direct-current power supply V RF The multistage charge pump circuit performs voltage-multiplying rectification on the radio-frequency signal received by the antenna 11, the MOS tube adopts a diode connection method, and the relation between the output voltage and the input voltage is
V RF ＝N(V in -V th )
Wherein N is the number of voltage doubling stages, V in Is the amplitude of the radio frequency signal voltage at the input terminal, V th The threshold voltage of the MOS tube is (N is 4-6 after optimization).
As shown in FIG. 5, the power management circuit 123 has 2 inputs, respectively V from FIG. 4 RF And V from the logic and hold module 2 BC Early, V, when the RF transceiver module is activated and begins operating BC Zero, power management circuit 123 is set by V RF After power supply and the radio frequency transceiver module finish the identity authentication (ID identity identification or address identification) and shift to the instruction execution stage, V RF The power supply capability decreases rapidly, and at this time V BC Has effectively established and takes over V RF Continuously supplying power to the whole device (i.e. V in the previous stage) DD From V RF Supply of power, then V DD Conversion to from V BC Power supply), V BC Is derived from a load power supply, thereby ensuring the continuity and stabilityTo supply power. The power management circuit 123 is composed of NMOS 3 Is turned off to gate V RF And V BC ，NMOS 3 Gating at cut-off V RF Power supply, NMOS 3 On-time strobe V RF And V BC Supplied jointly with power, with V RF Decrease in power supply capacity to V BC And continuously supplying power. To prevent NMOS 3 Leakage of electricity, NMOS is required 3 Is connected to V RF And V BC The higher voltage of the two is set by NMOS 1 And NMOS 2 The anti-leakage protection circuit. The reference voltage source circuit adopts three PMOS tubes with the same width-length ratio, the three PMOS tubes are all in a saturation working state, and R is adjusted 4 /R 2 And R 4 /R 1 Value of (value R in circuit) 1 ＝R 3 ) A voltage output value of zero temperature coefficient can be obtained. Transistor Q 1 、Q 2 For NPN vertical triode, Q manufactured by standard CMOS process 2 ＝AQ 1 A is Q 2 And Q 1 The ratio of the emitter area of (a). The working flow of the power management circuit is as follows:
(1) The remote controller sends a starting instruction, a radio frequency signal carrying an instruction frame acts on an antenna 11 of the device, and after voltage doubling, V is generated RF 。
(2) At the moment, the input end of the power management circuit is at V RF High level and V BC Low level state, NMOS 3 Gating at cut-off V RF Power supply and output V DD 。
(3) Normally open contact KR under the control of central control logic 1 Closed, KA is energized and self-locked, the rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit 22 is started and outputs V BC 。
(4) When the input end of the source management circuit is at V RF High level sum V BC High state, NMOS 3 On-time strobe V RF And V BC Common power supply, output V DD 。
(5) The source management circuit input is then at V RF Low level sum of V BC High state, NMOS 3 Is actually turned on by V BC Independent power supply, output V DD 。
(6) The remote controller sends a closing instruction, and the normally closed contact KR 2 When the circuit is disconnected, the KA is powered off and the self-locking is released, the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit 22 is powered off and stops outputting the V BC 。
(7) The power management circuit 123 is power-off and has no V DD And outputting and restoring the initial state.
As shown in FIG. 6, the reed switch driving circuit 125 comprises two switches and a terminal KR controlled by the central control logic respectively 1 、KR 2 The central control logic outputs gating control signals according to the received control commands, corresponding switches are closed, and voltage V is output DD And realizing the driving function.
As shown in fig. 7, the larger the number of turns N of the coil, the larger the effective length L, and the smaller the diameter D, the higher the relay sensitivity, but the larger the volume of the device.
As shown in fig. 8, the remote control information forwarded by the remote controller, the mobile phone or the AP includes two parts, the first part is a power-on command, the radio frequency module 1 is activated, the contactor KM normally-open contact is closed, the load is started, and meanwhile, the passive power supply state is converted into the active power supply state, and the format of the command frame is shown in fig. 8 a); the second part is a read-write instruction, the ISO18000-4 standard is implemented, and the format of the instruction frame is shown in FIG. 8 b).
As shown in fig. 8 a), in order to reduce the power consumption of the rf module 1, the power-on command does not contain a check code, and the rf module 1 does not need to check and request retransmission operations, so that the power-on command is continuously transmitted 3 times at random intervals, the random intervals are retransmitted to have an anti-collision function, and continuous carriers are transmitted at intervals to continuously transmit rf energy. The format of the boot instruction frame is shown in fig. 8 a), and the information of each domain is described as follows:
(1) And a preamble detection field, n bytes, is a carrier with the duration of not less than 400 mu s.
(2) And 2 bytes are used for transceiving synchronization.
(3) And the source address field is 2 bytes and is used for identity recognition of a remote controller, a mobile phone and the like.
(4) And the target address field is 1 byte and is used for receiving end identity recognition.
(5) Command field, 1 byte, for instruction identification.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the foregoing, the description is not to be taken in a limiting sense.
Claims (6)
1. A passive switching device, the device comprising: a radio frequency module and an execution module;
the radio frequency module includes: the radio frequency front-end circuit, the power management circuit, the first coil and the central control logic circuit; the radio frequency front-end circuit, the power management circuit and the central control logic circuit are electrically connected, and the power management circuit is electrically connected with the first coil; the radio frequency front-end circuit is used for receiving an induction signal transmitted by an antenna, processing the induction signal into a data signal and an energy signal, transmitting the data signal to a central control logic circuit, and transmitting the energy signal to the power management circuit; the power supply management circuit is used for carrying out energy management on the energy signal and supplying power to the first coil; the central control logic circuit is used for receiving the data signal output after the radio frequency front-end circuit processes the data signal and judging the validity of the data signal;
in an initial state, the device is in a passive state, the passive state is a non-energy-consumption state, and the radio frequency module and the execution module are not electrified; when the central control logic circuit judges that the data signal is effective, the device is switched to an active state, the radio frequency module and the execution module are electrified to work, and the radio frequency module is switched to an active standby state; when the central control logic circuit judges that the data signal is invalid, the radio frequency module returns to a passive standby state;
the execution module comprises an execution switch, the execution switch is connected in series in a load power supply circuit, and the execution switch is used for being closed when the first coil is electrified;
the radio frequency module can receive and execute a starting-up instruction, a reading-writing instruction and a stopping instruction in any state;
the execution module further comprises: the first switch and the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit are arranged in the logic and holding module;
the first switch is connected between a mains supply and the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit in series and is used for being closed when the first coil is electrified;
the output end of the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected with the power management circuit;
the radio frequency module further comprises a second coil juxtaposed with the first coil;
the execution module further comprises a second switch, and the second switch is connected with the first switch in series; the central control logic circuit is used for controlling the power management circuit to supply power to the first coil and the second coil, and the second switch is used for being switched off when the second coil is electrified;
the logic and holding module in the execution module comprises a logic control circuit provided with the first switch, a rectification voltage-stabilizing circuit and a relay drive circuit; the logic control circuit is connected with the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit in series, and also comprises a second switch and a relay first normally open contact connected with the first switch in parallel; the relay driving circuit is connected with the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit in series and comprises a relay coil; the relay coil is used for electrifying when the first switch is closed; the first normally open contact of the relay is used for realizing self-locking when the coil of the relay is electrified;
the switch module in the execution module comprises the execution switch, a coil corresponding to the execution switch and a second normally open contact of the relay; the second normally open contact of the relay is connected with the coil corresponding to the execution switch in series and is used for being closed when the coil of the relay is electrified; and the coil corresponding to the execution switch is used for electrifying when the second normally open contact of the relay is closed.
2. The passive switching device of claim 1, further comprising a sensor; the sensor is used for realizing environment monitoring and information perception and comprises an alternating current power supply sensor or a direct current power supply sensor;
when the sensor is an alternating current power supply sensor, a power supply end of the sensor is connected with the load in parallel, and a data end of the sensor is connected with the central control logic circuit;
when the sensor is a direct current power supply sensor, the power supply end of the sensor is connected with a relay coil in the relay driving circuit in parallel, and the data end of the sensor is connected with the central control logic circuit.
3. The passive switching device of claim 1, wherein the radio frequency module further comprises a memory;
the memory stores the ID number, the address and the configuration information data of the memory;
when the radio frequency module receives a reading instruction, the central control logic circuit reads data from the designated unit of the memory and returns the data to the terminal; and when the radio frequency module receives a write instruction, the central control logic circuit writes data sent by the terminal into a designated unit in the memory.
4. The passive switching device of claim 3, wherein the antenna receives a radio frequency signal using 2.400GH Z ～2.4835GH Z Frequency bands.
5. The passive switching device of claim 4, wherein the rf signal from the terminal to the device is manchester encoded; the radio frequency signal transmission from the device to the terminal adopts bidirectional space coding.
6. The passive switching device of claim 5, wherein: the forward channel adopts a Gaussian minimum frequency shift keying modulation mode, and the reverse channel adopts a binary phase shift keying modulation mode; the forward path is a path from the terminal to the device, and the reverse path is a path from the device to the terminal.
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