CN114686615A - 一种f3’h同源基因的分子标记及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种鉴别F3’H同源基因的引物组合,该引物组合由SEQNO.1和SEQNO.2两条引物组成;还公开了该引物组合在西兰花育种中的应用;以及一种西兰花类黄酮3’‑羟化酶F3'H基因的分子标记。本发明提供的F3'H基因的分子标记及用于检测该分子标记的引物组合,可用于西兰花的辅助育种,加快西兰花育种的遗传改良进程,提高育种选择效率具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物育种领域,具体的说涉及一种F3’H同源基因的分子标记及其应用。
背景技术
西兰花(Brassica oleracea var .italica)是世界上最重要的蔬菜品种之一,因其花球富含膳食纤维和多种维生素和矿物质,包括钾、叶酸和维生素A、C和K,而深受中西方消费者的喜爱。根据农业部数据,目前中国西兰花种植面积超过140万亩,产量稳居世界首位。作为高品质健康蔬菜的代表,其肉质茎与花序分生组织构成的花球富含维生素C与硫代葡萄糖苷类抗癌物质,符合当下国人对健康蔬菜的需求。
目前,育种家们已成功培育了紫色西兰花品种,花球富含花青素,其作为功能性食品越来越受到人们的关注。花青素,属于生物类黄酮类物质,是构成植物花和种皮颜色的主要水溶性色素之一。花青素在植物中扮演着不同的角色,包括提供对紫外线和病原体的保护,以及吸引动物传粉者。作为饮食成分,提供了抗氧化剂,对人类健康有好处。但绿色西兰花依然是市场中最受欢迎的食材。然而,在西兰花实际的生产过程中,环境因素(包括温度、光照等)的变化常常导致西兰花花球球面大量紫色花青素的沉积,这对西兰花花球的商业价值的实现极为不利。因此,在各种自然条件下生产稳定的绿色花球是西兰花的重要育种目标。
类黄酮3’-羟化酶(Flavonoid 3 '-hydroxylase,F3'H)属于细胞色素P450亚家族,在类黄酮合成途径中,F3'H催化柚皮素(naringenin)和二氢堪非醇(di-hydrokaempferol,DHK)的B环3’位置羟基化,生成圣草酚(eriodictyol)和二氢概皮黄酮(dihydroquercetin,DHQ),这两种产物是花青素和原花青素生物合成的重要中间产物。十字花科植物中,已从拟南芥、甘蓝型油菜、白菜中克隆F3'H基因,表明其基因表达与花青素积累有关。
从基因表达方面进行西兰花育种筛选是目前研究的重要内容。
发明内容
本发明首先提供了一种鉴别F3’H同源基因的引物组合,该引物组合由SEQNO.1和SEQNO.2两条引物组成,
SEQNO.1:(IndBoF3’H-F) CACGGACATGCTTAGCACTTTAAT
SEQNO.2:(IndBoF3’H-R) GCCGTAAACATGTTCTGTAATGGA
利用上述引物组合对西兰花植株材料进行扩增,可扩增得到187bp和/或144bp条带,其中只能扩增得到144bp片段的单株花球呈现绿色,而在紫色花球个体中可得到187bp和144bp/187bp两种形态。可见,在无花青素类型西兰花中,该F3’H基因有一段43bp的碱基缺失,这一缺失致使BoF3'H提前形成了终止密码子而失去功能,使西兰花呈现绿色性状。
本发明还提供了上述引物组合在西兰花育种中的应用,该应用包括如下步骤:
(1)提取西兰花苗期叶片的基因组DNA;
(2)以西兰花苗期叶片基因组DNA为模板,利用上述引物组合进行PCR扩增;其中只有144bp片段的为绿色花球,只有187bp和同时出现144bp/187bp两条片段的为紫色花球。
其中PCR扩增体系使用20ul体系,包括:TaKaRaTaqTM Version 2.0(货号:R004Q)10ul,10umol/L上下游引物(上述SEQNO.1和SEQNO.2的引物)各0.5ul,DNA模板1ul,加ddH2O至20ul。PCR扩增反应程序为:95℃预变性4min;95℃30s,56℃30s,72℃20s,35个循环;72℃延伸7min。
本发明还提供了包含上述引物组合的试剂盒,该试剂盒还包含西兰花苗期叶片基因组DNA的提取试剂、PCR扩增试剂;
本发明还提供了上述试剂盒在西兰花育种中的应用,该应用是利用上述引物组合对西兰花苗期叶片基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,根据扩增条带进行筛选,其中只有144bp片段的为绿色花球,只有187bp和同时出现144bp/187bp两条片段的为紫色花球。
本发明还提供了一种西兰花类黄酮3’-羟化酶(Flavonoid 3 '-hydroxylase,F3'H)基因的分子标记,该标记位于F3’H基因(NC_027756.1:c51725977-51727071)的第751bp处,如该处有一段43bp的碱基缺失,则这一缺失致使F3’H基因提前形成密码子而失去功能,使西兰花呈现绿色花球性状。BoF3'H-SN 60单倍型是首次鉴定得到,在西兰花自然群体中分布较广,对于育种工作具有较大的利用价值。
F3’H基因(NC_027756.1)的序列为SEQNO.3,缺失一段43bp的碱基后的序列为SEQNO.4。
可利用上述SEQNO.1和SEQNO.2的两条引物组合对上述F3'H基因的分子标记进行鉴别,利用上述引物组合对西兰花苗期叶片基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,根据扩增条带进行筛选,其中只有144bp片段的为绿色花球,只有187bp和同时出现144bp/187bp两条片段的为紫色花球。
本发明的创新点及有益的技术效果为:
本发明通过对西兰花种质资源、育种材料和分离后代植株进行早期鉴定,可高效地选择组配材料,减少待鉴定材料植株的种植与鉴定规模,大大降低了鉴定和栽培管理过程中的人力、物力和财力的投入。本发明提供的F3'H基因的分子标记及用于检测该分子标记的引物组合,可用于西兰花的辅助育种,加快西兰花育种的遗传改良进程,提高育种选择效率具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。本发明的引物组合用于西兰花F3'H基因检测,具有成本低、通量高、实验操作安全和采集数据准确等优势。
附图说明
图1西兰花花青素基因所在的9号染色体的紧密连锁区间
左边为连锁群的遗传距离(CM);右边为标记的编号,BoPur9.1为花青素基因所在位点
图2 F2群体花球颜色的分布情况
1级63株,2级79株,3级75株,4级52株,5级33株
图3 PCR标记F1、F2个体的结果。
编号3,6,7,8,9,11,12分别代表绿色花球的F2单株;
编号为1,2,4,5,10,13,14,17分别代表紫色花球的F2单株
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。对于本领域的技术人员来说,在本发明技术方案的构思范围内可以有各种变化和更改,所作的任何变化和更改,均在本发明的保护范围之内。
下列实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
下列实施例中所用的材料和试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
利用田间获得的紫色花球西兰花材料自交系BT 126为母本,绿色花球西兰花材料自交系SN60为父本(BT126和SN60均来自上海奉贤庄行农场),母本BT 126为高花青素含量,花球颜色为紫色,父本SN 60为低花青素含量,花球颜色为绿色。
通过杂交、自交得到F2分离群体302个单株,对F2群体进行表型验证,具体步骤如下:
将F2群体植株种在温室大棚的,待花球成熟,对每个单株的表型鉴定至少三次。花球颜色从绿色到紫色显示颜色分布,分为5个等级,分别从1到5:1-绿色,2-微紫色,3-浅紫色,4-稍深紫色和5-紫色。
根据调查的花球颜色,统计F2群体花球颜色的分布情况。参见图2,为F2群体的紫色花球的表型鉴定情况:1级63株,2级79株,3级75株,4级52株,5级33株。
将F2群体花球颜色等级为1级(绿色)的30个单株构建极端基因池LAB-pool,花球颜色等级5级的30个单株构建基因池HAB-pool进行基因组的重测序,然后进行分离群体混合分组分析BSA定位分析,利用筛选的SNP分子标记对302个F2遗传群体进行Hi-SNP分型检测,构建了高密度遗传图谱,对花球花青素性状关联QTL定位进行了研究。定位到2个QTL,分别命名为BoPur7.1和BoPur9.1,其中BoPur9.1在第9号染色体区域46M-52M的区域。
图1为西兰花花青素基因所在的9号染色体的紧密连锁区间,左边为连锁群的遗传距离(CM);右边为标记的编号,BoPur9.1为花青素基因所在位点;利用SNPs高通量基因分型技术,对F2群体构建遗传图谱,利用已发表的甘蓝基因组TO1000数据,将该位点映射到甘蓝基因组物理图谱上,将花青素生物合成的C9染色体QTL区域缩小到73kb的物理距离,包含14个候选基因。通过对附近位点候选基因的功能注释,初步推断控制西兰花花青素积累的候选基因为F3’H(NC_027756.1)。
对F3’H-BT 126和F3’H-SN 60的结构进行分析,发现在F3’H-SN 60的第二外显子中具有一个43bp的碱基缺失,这一缺失导致了F3’H-SN 60提前形成了终止密码子而失去功能。
实施例2
针对F3’H-SN 60的缺失及F3’H-BT 126和F3’H-SN 60的结构特征,设计了一对引物IndBoF3’H-F和IndBoF3’H-R,其中,该引物可特异性地从BT 126扩增得到187bp的片段,从SN 60中扩增得到144bp的片段。
SEQNO.1:(IndBoF3’H-F) CACGGACATGCTTAGCACTTTAAT
SEQNO.2:(IndBoF3’H-R) GCCGTAAACATGTTCTGTAATGGA
引物的合成由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司合成。
实施例3
1、采用CTAB法,从西兰花叶片中提取基因组DNA。
(1)取适量西兰花苗期叶片鲜样或冻样,放入2ml离心管中,加入两粒钢珠,于组织研磨仪上磨碎;
(2)加入750μL CTAB溶液,震荡均浆,65℃震荡温浴0.5-1h;
(3)冷却至室温,在通风橱中加入700μL氯仿:异戊醇(24:1,体积比),手动轻轻上下颠倒混匀15~20min;
(4)12000rpm离心12min,取上清液400μL至新的1.5mL离心管中;
(5)向上清液中加入2倍体积(800μL)的冰乙醇,盖上离心管盖子,再轻轻摇晃几下,将冰乙醇与上清液充分混匀,放入-20℃的冰箱中静置20~30min;
(6)将静置后的离心管在12000rpm下离心5min,再倒掉上清液,加入500μL 75%的乙醇后静置5~6min,10000rmp离心3min,弃上清;
(7)加入100mL H2O ,溶解备用。
2、对西兰花叶片中提取基因组DNA进行PCR扩增
PCR扩增体系使用20ul体系,包括,TaKaRaTaqTM Version 2.0(货号:R004Q)10ul,10umol/L上下游引物各0.5ul,DNA模板1ul,加ddH2O至20ul。PCR扩增扩增反应程序为:95℃预变性4min;95℃30s,56℃30s,72℃20s,35个循环;72℃延伸7min。
PCR扩增的结果发现,只能扩增出144bp条带的单株花球呈现绿色,而在紫色花球个体中可得到187bp的条带或187bp\144bp两种条带。
图3为开发引物PCR标记F1、F2个体的结果。(编号3,6,7,8,9,11,12分别代表绿色花球的F2单株;编号为1,2,4,5,10,13,14,17分别代表紫色花球的F2单株)。
序列表
<110> 上海市农业科学院
<120> 一种F3’H同源基因的分子标记及其应用
<160> 4
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 24
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
cacggacatg cttagcactt taat 24
<210> 2
<211> 24
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
gccgtaaaca tgttctgtaa tgga 24
<210> 3
<211> 1095
<212> DNA
<213> 甘蓝(甘蓝)
<400> 3
ctctttgtag agtaatccca taagtctcct ccatgttgag cttctccggc gtaactcctc 60
cggccagttc ccattcaaat ccgtgaacaa gcgtcgccgt cagtaactga atcgtccgta 120
gccctaaact caacccggcg cagattctcc tcccggctcc gaacggtata agctcgaagt 180
cgtttccttt cacatcaacg ccggcttttt caccaccggg taaaaatctc tcgggtcgaa 240
acgataacgg gtcggtccat tggtccgggt cacgggctat ggcccatatg tttgttaaaa 300
gggttgatcc tttggggata tgatagccgt tgatctcaca gctctctgat gcgatgtgtg 360
gtaacgagag tggtgttggt ggatggagcc tgaagttctc tttgataacc gcctgtttaa 420
accaaaaccg gttaatatta tagcttaacc aaaacaatcc gagttctcgg ttcgggttac 480
ctgaaggtaa ggaagctgag aaaggtccga ctcgttaatg ggccttccac gtccgacgac 540
ggaatcaagc tcttcttggg cttttctcat tatttccggg tgacggatta attcagctat 600
ggcccagtcc accgtacttg ctgacgtgtc agttccggcc gtaaacatgt tctgtaatgg 660
aaagaaaata aatcaataat catcgtgtat ccggtattaa aaattaatga ttatacgaag 720
tacgaaccaa tagcaaggct ttgatctcag tatccgttag agttccaccc tcaccgtcaa 780
aatcagttcc cttaagcgag attaaagtgc taagcatgtc cgtgtgcttt tgatcctggc 840
cgttcttcat cgtctcgtgc tcttccaaga tcgacgatag aaaagcgtcg aacctcttgt 900
gtagacgttt cattttacca gcgacgcctt gtaaatctaa acaatcaagt gcgggcacga 960
aatctccgat gttgaatact ccggcgagag ccatcatttc tgtgaccatt gatcgaaact 1020
cctccgcttt gtgatcggca tcggcgccga acagtcgccg tccgatcatc tctcgtccaa 1080
gggcgttgag tacgc 1095
<210> 4
<211> 1052
<212> DNA
<213> 甘蓝(甘蓝)
<220>
<221> allele
<222> (751)..(753)
<223> 终止密码子
<400> 4
ctctttgtag agtaatccca taagtctcct ccatgttgag cttctccggc gtaactcctc 60
cggccagttc ccattcaaat ccgtgaacaa gcgtcgccgt cagtaactga atcgtccgta 120
gccctaaact caacccggcg cagattctcc tcccggctcc gaacggtata agctcgaagt 180
cgtttccttt cacatcaacg ccggcttttt caccaccggg taaaaatctc tcgggtcgaa 240
acgataacgg gtcggtccat tggtccgggt cacgggctat ggcccatatg tttgttaaaa 300
gggttgatcc tttggggata tgatagccgt tgatctcaca gctctctgat gcgatgtgtg 360
gtaacgagag tggtgttggt ggatggagcc tgaagttctc tttgataacc gcctgtttaa 420
accaaaaccg gttaatatta tagcttaacc aaaacaatcc gagttctcgg ttcgggttac 480
ctgaaggtaa ggaagctgag aaaggtccga ctcgttaatg ggccttccac gtccgacgac 540
ggaatcaagc tcttcttggg cttttctcat tatttccggg tgacggatta attcagctat 600
ggcccagtcc accgtacttg ctgacgtgtc agttccggcc gtaaacatgt tctgtaatgg 660
aaagaaaata aatcaataat catcgtgtat ccggtattaa aaattaatga ttatacgaag 720
tacgaaccaa tagcaaggct ttgatctcag tagcgagatt aaagtgctaa gcatgtccgt 780
gtgcttttga tcctggccgt tcttcatcgt ctcgtgctct tccaagatcg acgatagaaa 840
agcgtcgaac ctcttgtgta gacgtttcat tttaccagcg acgccttgta aatctaaaca 900
atcaagtgcg ggcacgaaat ctccgatgtt gaatactccg gcgagagcca tcatttctgt 960
gaccattgat cgaaactcct ccgctttgtg atcggcatcg gcgccgaaca gtcgccgtcc 1020
gatcatctct cgtccaaggg cgttgagtac gc 1052
Claims (7)
1.一种鉴别F3’H同源基因的引物组合,该引物组合由SEQNO.1和SEQNO.2两条引物组成。
2.权利要求1所述引物组合在西兰花育种中的应用,该应用包括如下步骤:
(1)提取西兰花苗期叶片的基因组DNA;
(2)以西兰花苗期叶片基因组DNA为模板,利用上述引物组合进行PCR扩增;其中只有144bp片段的为绿色花球,只有187bp和同时出现144bp/187bp两条片段的为紫色花球。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其中PCR扩增体系使用20ul体系,包括:TaKaRaTaqTMVersion 2.010ul,10umol/L两条引物各0.5ul,DNA模板1ul,加ddH2O至20ul;PCR扩增反应程序为:95℃预变性4min;95℃30s,56℃30s,72℃20s,35个循环;72℃延伸7min。
4.一种包含权利要求1所述引物组合的试剂盒,该试剂盒包含西兰花苗期叶片基因组DNA的提取试剂、PCR扩增试剂。
5.权利要求4所述试剂盒在西兰花育种中的应用,该应用是利用权利要求1所述引物组合对西兰花苗期叶片基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,根据扩增条带进行筛选,其中只有144bp片段的为绿色花球,只有187bp和同时出现144bp/187bp两条片段的为紫色花球。
6.一种西兰花类黄酮3’-羟化酶F3'H基因的分子标记,该标记位于F3’H基因的第861bp处,如该处有一段43bp的碱基缺失,则这一缺失致使F3’H基因提前形成密码子而失去功能,使西兰花呈现绿色花球性状。
7.权利要求6所述的西兰花类黄酮3’-羟化酶F3'H基因的分子标记的应用,可用于西兰花育种。
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