CN114636637B - In-situ measurement device for suspended matter concentration and working method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an in-situ measurement device for suspended matter concentration and a working method thereof. By adopting the technical scheme of the application, the residual influence of natural water exchange, long-term sedimentation of suspended matters and the measurement process of different samples can be overcome, and the accuracy of the measurement result is effectively ensured. Meanwhile, the application innovatively provides a flow rate feedback control method, and a plurality of filters can be preset into groups according to the needs, so that the method has stronger automatic adaptability to water bodies with larger concentration differences.

Description

An in-situ measuring device and working method for the concentration of suspended solids

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of marine in-situ observation, in particular to an in-situ measuring device and working method for the concentration of suspended matter.

Background technique

The turbidity meter combined with suction filtration calibration is the current mainstream way to observe the concentration of suspended matter in the ocean. The turbidity meter is a conventional ocean observation device that indirectly measures the concentration of suspended solids by measuring the optical (or acoustic) backscattering intensity of the sample. Due to the differences in the shape and particle size components of the suspended solids, the turbidimeter is calibrated by taking water samples and suction filtration. It is still an indispensable part of current ocean observation.

Suction filtration is an irreplaceable important means of enrichment and sampling of marine suspended matter, and is widely used in scientific research on marine suspended sediments, marine microplastics, and marine particulate pollutants. The traditional method of water extraction and suction filtration to determine the concentration of suspended solids often has problems such as natural sedimentation of samples, uneven sampling, insufficient sample volume, large environmental disturbance of repeated water intake, long operation time, and high cost of ship time.

Patent CN202120515500.4 discloses a marine multi-channel in-situ suction filtration device, through the filtration device, underwater pump, underwater electromagnetic gating valve group, underwater filtering integrated device, underwater digital flowmeter and underwater central control and The power supply device can realize in-situ and time-sharing sampling and filtering of suspended sediment underwater, which has the advantages of saving manpower and obtaining samples in situ with fidelity.

The above-mentioned patents focus on marine sampling equipment, and at the same time mention the functional expectation of the measurement of suspended particulate matter concentration, but there are still the following problems to be solved in order to achieve accurate measurement functions: (1) The sample obtained by post-suction filtration will be mixed with the previous sample Residual effects, and the effects of natural settlement are not considered, the measurement results are not accurate. In the above-mentioned patent application, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the coarse filter device, and the water outlet is connected to the solenoid valve and then connected to the filter device, which is essentially pressurized filtration rather than negative pressure suction filtration. Regardless of whether the coarse filter has an effect on the screening of suspended solids, the sample passes through the coarse filter device, the water pump body, the solenoid valve successively with the water flow, and finally passes through the filter to be enriched and captured. In the implementation process, the previous suction filtration process inevitably left samples in the coarse filter pipe, water pump cavity, etc., and the residual samples were randomly mixed into the next sample in the next suction filtration, and new residues were introduced at the same time. . In addition, the above-mentioned invention does not consider and solve the impact of water body exchange and long-term natural settlement of suspended matter on the accuracy of sample results during the retraction process of the device. (2) There are certain limitations in one-by-one suction filtration, and there is great uncertainty in the way of simply setting the suction filtration volume or suction filtration time to control the suction filtration effect. The implementation experience of laboratory suction filtration shows that the sampling water volume of different layers, different water bodies, and different suspended solids is not unique, and the efficiency of suction filtration one by one is low. If the content of suspended solids in the water body is very low, the suction filtration volume is small or the suction filtration time is short, there will be a problem of insufficient sample enrichment; if the content of suspended solids in the water body is high, there will be a problem that the suction filtration volume cannot be reached within a limited time, or Long-term high-pressure, low-flow filter membrane damage.

Contents of the invention

In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an in-situ measuring device and working method for the concentration of suspended solids, which can overcome the natural exchange of water bodies, long-term settlement of suspended solids, and the residual influence of different sample measurement processes, effectively ensuring the measurement results accuracy. At the same time, the present invention innovatively proposes a flow rate feedback control method, and several filters can be preset and grouped arbitrarily according to needs, which has stronger automatic adaptability to water bodies with large concentration differences.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: an in-situ measuring device for suspended solids concentration, including a main body frame, and a watertight control cabin installed inside it, a governor liquid pump, a filter, a clip-on flowmeter and rigid connections Tube, the main frame is divided into upper and lower layers, followed by the hexagonal pyramid frame on the upper layer and the hexagonal prism frame in the middle layer. The top of the pyramid frame is provided with a frame lifting point, and the middle part of the hexagonal frame is provided with a fixed hoop, which is used for the installation of the watertight control cabin, the governor liquid pump, the clip-type flowmeter and the rigid connection pipe;

The watertight control cabin is connected with the governor liquid pump and clip-type flowmeter through watertight cables for power supply, signal transmission and feedback. The hatch cover of the watertight control cabin is also equipped with a watertight connector, which is connected to the PC host computer through a USB or serial port cable. , the top of the speed regulating liquid pump is provided with a water inlet of the speed regulating liquid pump and a water outlet of the speed regulating liquid pump;

The filter is located at the forefront of the water exchange of the device, installed on the hexagonal frame between the upper hexagonal pyramid frame and the middle hexagonal prism frame, each hexagonal frame is equipped with a set of filters, each set of filters It includes a hollow base, a solenoid valve, a lower half shell, a filter screen, a filter membrane, an anti-spill ball, an upper half shell and a dustproof cap. One end of the hollow base is provided with a water outlet of the base and 6 holes set on the surface of the hollow base. The water inlet of the base, the water outlet of the base is connected with the clip-type flowmeter and the water inlet of the speed regulating liquid pump of the speed regulating liquid pump in turn through a rigid connecting pipe, and each water inlet of the base is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve One end is connected to the water inlet of the base, the lower half shell and the upper half shell are both conical, the bottom of the lower half shell is provided with a water outlet of the lower half shell, and the water outlet of the lower half shell is connected with the other end of the solenoid valve, the lower half shell The lower half-shell fixing holes are respectively provided on both sides of the upper part of the upper part, and the lower half-shell is fixedly connected with the frame by screws. The upper inner side of the lower half-shell is provided with a groove, and the filter screen is installed in the groove of the lower half-shell, and the filter screen is covered with a filter membrane. The upper half shell is pressed on the filter membrane, the anti-spill ball is placed in the cavity between the upper half shell and the filter membrane, the top of the upper half shell is provided with an upper half shell water inlet, and the upper half shell is covered with a dustproof cap.

As a preferred solution, the speed-regulating liquid pump is driven by a deep-sea brushless DC motor, PWM-controlled speed regulation and a diaphragm-type vacuum liquid pump.

As a preferred solution, a magnetic block is provided at the groove of the lower half shell for magnetic connection and clamping to fix the filter membrane.

Further, a magnet is provided on the inner wall of the dustproof cap to cover the upper half-shell in a magnetic connection, and a slit is formed between the dust-proof cap and the upper half-shell.

As a preferred solution, the density of the anti-spill ball is lower than that of water, and its diameter is larger than that of the water inlet of the upper half shell.

As a preferred solution, the bottom end of the in-situ measuring device is sequentially connected to the acoustic releaser and the counterweight through a steel cable, and the top of the in-situ measuring device is sequentially connected to the second in-situ measuring device and the buoyant material through a steel cable.

A working method of an in-situ measuring device for suspended matter concentration, specifically comprising the following steps:

S1 device use and layout: clean the filter and rigid connecting pipes with distilled water before using the device, replace the new filter membrane that has been dried and weighed in advance and record the serial number, and fully saturate the device pipe and pump body with distilled water. Install the magnetic upper half shell, slowly inject distilled water from the water inlet of the upper half shell, make the anti-spill ball float up to block the water inlet of the upper half shell of the filter and install the magnetic dustproof cap to avoid the long-term process of device deployment, recovery and in-situ The water body and the suspended matter contained in it are exchanged into the filter. Connect the PC host computer to control all solenoid valves to be in the initial normally closed state, and set the time sequence of suction and filtration by inputting program parameters. According to the requirements of observation and sampling, it can be arranged on the seabed in a dot matrix, or in series at different depths of the mooring system;

Working process of S2 device: When the preset time of the program is reached, the control program first controls the opening of several solenoid valves in the corresponding group, and then starts the speed-regulating liquid pump to provide negative pressure suction filtration, obtains the suction filtration rate in real time through the clip-on flowmeter, and adjusts the speed of the liquid pump with feedback Control the suction filtration pressure; the water flow enters from the slit between the dust cap and the upper half shell driven by the pressure difference, and passes through the water inlet of the upper half shell, the filter membrane, the filter screen, the water outlet of the lower half shell, the rigid connecting pipe and the regulating valve. The water inlet of the speed liquid pump is finally discharged from the water outlet of the speed control liquid pump; the suspended matter in the water enters the filter with the water flow and stays enriched on the filter membrane; after the suction filtration is completed, close the solenoid valve, stop the speed control liquid pump, and record the filtration The filter number and the volume of the filtered water sample are used to complete a set of suction filtration; the anti-spill ball floats up under the action of buoyancy to block the water inlet of the upper half shell of the filter, and again isolates the exchange of water and suspended matter; when the program executes the next time sequence, Repeat the above steps for the next group of filters to complete all in-situ sampling;

S3 Device recycling post-processing: After the observation is over, recover the device and connect it to the PC host computer, remove the magnetic dustproof cap of the filter, manually control the solenoid valve to open and continue to filter until there is no water residue in the corresponding filter; Slowly inject distilled water into the water inlet of the half-shell to clean the inner wall of the upper half-shell of the filter, pay attention to control the injection speed so as not to overflow, repeat the cleaning operation until all the suspended matter is washed and enriched on the filter membrane; drain the remaining liquid, remove the upper half-shell, and complete Collect and store the filter membranes; complete all the filter membrane collection work one by one, rinse and maintain the device with fresh water and store it properly;

S4 Concentration Calculation: Dry _{the enriched} filter membrane, weigh and record, and calculate the suspended matter mass concentration C _m = (m ₂ -m ₁ )/V.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above technical scheme:

1. The unique dust-proof cap and waterproof body exchange design of the device of the present invention can effectively avoid external influences such as water body exchange and natural settlement of suspended solids, and at the same time, the filter is placed at the forefront of water body exchange, and suspended solids directly enter the filter for enrichment Capture, no mutual interference between samples, ensure the purity of the samples, and effectively improve the accuracy of the concentration determination results.

2. The device of the present invention innovatively proposes a suction filtration volume rate feedback control method, which can cope with the in-situ suction filtration measurement of suspended matter with large concentration differences, and ensures that sufficient samples can be enriched and captured while avoiding filter membrane damage and failure, adapting to Broader.

3. The device of the present invention has two functions of long-term in-situ observation and enrichment sampling. It can be equipped with observation sensors such as CTD and turbidimeter. The different depth positions of the system are helpful for long-term observation and capture of the continuous change process of the target suspended matter during the event, and can better provide technical supplements for ocean observation.

4. The invention has reasonable structural design, stable working process, wide application range and high scientific and commercial value.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and understandable from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the overall schematic view of the filter in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is dustproof, waterproof body exchange filter structural representation among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of half-section structure of dust-proof and water-proof body exchange filter in the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of two deployment methods of the present invention,

Wherein, the corresponding relationship between reference numerals and components in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 is:

1 frame, 101 hexagonal pyramid frame, 102 hexagonal prism frame, 11 frame lifting point, 12 counterweight, 13 fixed hoop, 2 watertight control cabin, 21 watertight connector, 3 speed regulating liquid pump, 31 speed regulating liquid pump inlet Water outlet, 32 water outlet of speed regulating liquid pump, 4 filters, 41 hollow base, 411 water inlet of base, 412 water outlet of base, 42 solenoid valve, 43 lower half shell, 431 fixing hole, 432 water outlet of lower half shell , 433 magnetic block, 44 filter screen, 45 filter membrane, 46 anti-spill ball, 47 upper half shell, 471 upper half shell water inlet, 472 magnet, 473 slit, 48 dust cap, 5 clip-on flow meter, 6 rigid Connecting pipe, 7 floating ball or floating body material, 8 counterweight, 9 steel cable, 10 acoustic releaser.

Detailed ways

In order to understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described here. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below. Example limitations.

The in-situ measuring device and working method of the concentration of suspended solids according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 .

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the present invention proposes an in-situ measuring device for suspended solids concentration, including a main body frame 1, and a watertight control cabin 2, a speed regulating liquid pump 3, and a filter 4 installed inside it. , clip-type flowmeter 5 and rigid connecting pipe 6, the main frame 1 is the load-bearing basis of the whole device, and the accompanying drawing shows a realization form of the frame, the main frame 1 is divided into upper and lower layers, followed by the hexagonal pyramid frame of the upper layer 101 and the hexagonal prism frame 102 of the middle layer, the six side edges of the hexagonal prism frame 102 extend downwards and a detachable counterweight 12 is installed at its bottom end for adjusting the overall weight and center of gravity of the device. The top of the hexagonal pyramid frame 101 on the upper floor is provided with a frame lifting point 11 for device transportation and hoisting, and the middle part of the hexagonal prism frame 102 is provided with a fixed hoop 13, which is used for the watertight control cabin 2, the governor liquid pump 3, Clip-on flowmeter 5 and rigid connecting pipe 6 are installed;

The watertight control cabin 2 is equipped with a battery pack and a control circuit, which are connected to the governor liquid pump 3 and the clip-on flowmeter 5 through watertight cables for power supply, signal transmission and feedback, and automatically control the suction and filtration process. The hatch cover of the watertight control cabin 2 is also equipped with a watertight connector 21, which is connected to the PC host computer through a USB or serial port line, and a number of filters can be grouped arbitrarily according to the needs, and the suction filtration sequence is preset to control the start and stop of the suction filtration and record Filtration volume and time, real-time feedback of filtration volume rate, control of liquid pump speed and further control of filtration pressure, etc. The top of the speed regulating liquid pump 3 is provided with a speed regulating liquid pump water inlet 31 and a speed regulating liquid pump water outlet 32;

The filter 4 is located at the forefront of the water body exchange of the device, and is installed on the hexagonal frame between the hexagonal pyramid frame 101 of the upper layer and the hexagonal prism frame 102 of the middle layer, and a group of filters 4 are installed on each hexagonal frame, Every group of filters 4 comprises a hollow base 41, a solenoid valve 42, a lower half shell 43, a filter screen 44, a filter membrane 45, an anti-spill ball 46, an upper half shell 47 and a dustproof cap 48, and one end of the hollow base 41 is provided with There are base water outlets 412 and six base water inlets 411 provided on the surface of the hollow base 41. The base water outlets 412 are sequentially connected with the clip-type flowmeter 5 and the governor fluid of the governor fluid pump 3 through the rigid connecting pipe 6. The pump water inlet 31 is connected, each base water inlet 411 is equipped with a solenoid valve 42, one end of the solenoid valve 42 is connected with the base water inlet 411, the lower half shell 43 and the upper half shell 47 are conical, the lower half The bottom of the shell 43 is provided with a lower half shell water outlet 432, the lower half shell water outlet 432 is connected with the other end of the electromagnetic valve 42, and the upper two sides of the lower half shell 43 are respectively provided with a lower half shell fixing hole 431 and through it. The frame is fixedly connected by screws, the upper inner side of the lower half shell 43 is provided with a groove, the filter screen 44 is installed in the groove of the lower half shell 43, the filter screen 44 is covered with a filter membrane 45, and the upper half shell 47 is pressed on the filter membrane 45 The anti-spill ball 46 is placed in the cavity between the upper half shell 47 and the filter membrane 45, the top of the upper half shell 47 is provided with an upper half shell water inlet 471, and the upper half shell 47 is covered with a dust cap 48. During suction filtration, the ambient water is inhaled from between the dust cap 48 and the upper half shell 47, and the suspended solids are enriched and captured when flowing through the filter membrane 45 and the filter screen 44, and the filtered water flows through the water outlet 432 of the lower half shell successively. Electromagnetic valve 42 , hollow base 41 , rigid connecting pipe 6 , clip-on flow meter 5 and speed regulating liquid pump 3 finally flow out from water outlet 32 of speed regulating liquid pump. In this way, the suspended solids are enriched and captured when the ambient water passes through the filter, and will not remain in the subsequent pipeline and pump body, thereby avoiding the mutual influence between different filters. At the same time, the anti-overflow ball and the solenoid valve respectively seal the water inlet and outlet when the filter is not in use, so that the ambient water does not exchange with the filter, and the suspended matter cannot enter the filter due to natural sedimentation, which blocks the exchange of water and the introduction of external sources.

As a preferred solution, the speed-regulating liquid pump 3 is driven by a deep-sea brushless DC motor, PWM-controlled speed regulation and a diaphragm-type vacuum liquid pump. With the gradual enrichment of suspended matter on the filter, the suction filtration volume rate gradually slows down, and the operating speed of the governor liquid pump 3 is also adjusted in real time according to the pressure and the suction filtration rate fed back by the flowmeter, so as to maintain a stable suction filtration pressure. The start condition of the suction filtration is a preset time sequence, and the stop condition is preferably to set the suction filtration rate threshold, that is, the real-time flow rate V detected by the clip-on flowmeter 5 ≤ the preset value c*the number of filters in the current group n. The filtration rate threshold is obtained based on laboratory experience such as membrane area, pore size, and suspended solids characteristics. In this way, it is possible to obtain sufficient samples of suspended solids without determining the characteristics of the suspended solids concentration, and at the same time ensure that the filter membrane will not be damaged or invalidated.

As a preferred solution, a magnetic block 433 is provided at the groove of the lower half shell 43 for magnetic connection and clamping to fix the filter membrane 45 .

Further, a magnet 472 is provided on the inner wall of the dust-proof cap 48 to cover the upper half-shell 47 in a magnetic connection manner, and a slit 473 is formed between the dust-proof cap 48 and the upper half-shell 47 .

As a preferred solution, the density of the anti-spill ball 46 is lower than that of water, and its diameter is larger than that of the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell.

As a preferred solution, the hexagonal frame shown in the drawings of the present invention is only a specific implementation form of the present invention, and its structure includes but is not limited to the illustration. At the same time, the framework of the present invention can be equipped with sensing equipment such as CTD and turbidimeter, and can be equipped with floating balls or floating body materials, releasers, counterweights, etc. as required, and can be placed on the seabed in a dot matrix or in series in a chain It can be used flexibly at different depths of the mooring system. The bottom end of the in-situ measuring device is sequentially connected to the acoustic releaser 10 and the counterweight 8 through the steel cable 9 , and the top of the in-situ measuring device is connected to the second in-situ measuring device and the floating body material 7 through the steel cable 9 in turn.

A working method of an in-situ measuring device for suspended matter concentration, specifically comprising the following steps:

S1 device use and deployment: clean the filter 4 and rigid connecting pipe 6 with distilled water before using the device, replace the new filter membrane 45 that has been dried and weighed in advance and record the serial number, fully saturate the device pipes and pumps with distilled water Install the magnetic suction upper half shell 47, inject distilled water slowly from the upper half shell water inlet 471, make the anti-spill ball 46 float up to block the filter upper half shell water inlet 471 and install the magnetic suction dustproof cap 48 to prevent the device from The water body and the suspended matter contained in the discharge, recovery and in-situ long-term process are exchanged into the filter. Connect the PC host computer to control all solenoid valves 42 to be in the initial normally closed state, and set the suction filtration time sequence by inputting program parameters. According to the requirements of observation and sampling, they can be laid on the seabed in a dot matrix, as shown in the left of Figure 6, or in series at different depths of the mooring system, as shown in the right of Figure 6;

Working process of the S2 device: when the preset time of the program is reached, the control program first controls the opening of several solenoid valves 42 corresponding to the group, and then starts the speed regulating liquid pump 3 to provide negative pressure suction filtration, obtains the suction filtration rate in real time through the clip-on flowmeter 5, and feedbacks adjustment The speed of the liquid pump controls the filtration pressure; the water flow enters from the slit 473 between the dust cap 48 and the upper half shell 47 under the pressure difference drive, and passes through the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell, the filter membrane 45, the filter screen 44, and the lower half shell successively. The shell outlet 432, the rigid connecting pipe 6 and the water inlet 31 of the speed regulating liquid pump are finally discharged from the water outlet 32 of the speed regulating liquid pump; the suspended matter in the water enters the filter with the water flow and stays and accumulates on the filter membrane; , close the electromagnetic valve 42, stop the governor liquid pump 3, record the filter number and the volume of the filtered water sample, and complete a set of suction filtration; the anti-overflow ball 46 floats up under the action of buoyancy to block the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell of the filter , to isolate the exchange of water and suspended matter again; after the program executes the next time series, repeat the above steps for the next group of filters to complete all in-situ suction sampling;

S3 Treatment after device recovery: After the observation, recover the device and connect it to the PC host computer, remove the magnetic dustproof cap 48 of the filter, manually control the solenoid valve 42 to open and continue to filter until there is no water residue in the corresponding filter; Slowly inject distilled water from the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell to clean the inner wall of the upper half shell of the filter, pay attention to control the injection speed so as not to overflow, repeat the cleaning operation until all the suspended matter is washed and enriched on the filter membrane; drain the remaining liquid, and remove the upper half Shell 47, complete the filter membrane collection and storage; complete all the filter membrane collection work one by one, rinse and maintain the device with fresh water and store it properly;

S4 Concentration Calculation: Dry _the enriched _filter membrane, weigh and record, and calculate the suspended matter mass concentration C _m = (m ₂ -m ₁ )/V.

In the description of the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two. Unless otherwise clearly defined, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower" and so on is based on the orientation shown in the accompanying drawings. Orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the present invention; The terms "connection", "installation" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected or through an intermediate The medium is indirectly connected. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In the description of this specification, descriptions of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments" and the like mean that specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in the present invention In at least one embodiment or example of . In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An in-situ measuring device for the concentration of suspended solids, including a main frame (1), a watertight control cabin (2), a governor liquid pump (3), a filter (4), and a clip-on flow rate gauge (5) and rigid connecting pipe (6), characterized in that the main frame (1) is divided into upper and lower layers, followed by the hexagonal pyramid frame (101) on the upper layer and the hexagonal prism frame (102) on the middle layer, six The six side edges of the prism frame (102) extend downwards and a detachable counterweight (12) is installed at its bottom end, and the top of the hexagonal pyramid frame (101) on the upper floor is provided with a frame hanging point (11). The middle part of (102) is provided with a fixed hoop (13), and the fixed hoop (13) is used for the watertight control cabin (2), the governor fluid pump (3), the clip-on flowmeter (5) and the rigid connecting pipe (6 )Install; The watertight control cabin (2) is connected to the governor fluid pump (3) and clip-on flowmeter (5) through a watertight cable for power supply, signal transmission and feedback, and the hatch cover of the watertight control cabin (2) is also equipped with A watertight connector (21), which is connected to the PC host computer through a USB or serial port line, and the top of the governor fluid pump (3) is provided with a governor fluid pump water inlet (31) and a governor fluid pump outlet (32); The filter (4) is located at the forefront of the water body exchange of the device, and is installed on the hexagonal frame between the upper hexagonal pyramid frame (101) and the middle hexagonal prism frame (102), each hexagonal frame Each set of filters (4) is installed, and each set of filters (4) includes a hollow base (41), a solenoid valve (42), a lower half shell (43), a filter screen (44), a filter membrane (45), Anti-spill ball (46), upper half shell (47) and dustproof cap (48), one end of hollow base (41) is provided with base water outlet (412) and 6 on the surface of hollow base (41) A base water inlet (411), a base water outlet (412) are sequentially connected to the clip-on flowmeter (5) and the governor fluid pump inlet (31) of the governor fluid pump (3) through a rigid connecting pipe (6) Each base water inlet (411) is equipped with a solenoid valve (42), one end of the solenoid valve (42) is connected with the base water inlet (411), the lower half shell (43) and the upper half shell (47 ) are conical, the bottom of the lower half shell (43) is provided with a lower half shell water outlet (432), the lower half shell water outlet (432) is connected with the other end of the solenoid valve (42), the lower half shell (43 ) are respectively provided with lower half-shell fixing holes (431) and fixedly connected with the frame through screws, the upper inner side of the lower half-shell (43) is provided with grooves, and the filter screen (44) is installed on the lower half-shell ( 43) In the groove, the filter screen (44) is covered with the filter membrane (45), the upper half shell (47) is pressed on the filter membrane (45), and the anti-spill ball (46) is placed on the upper half shell (47) and In the cavity between the filter membranes (45), the top of the upper half shell (47) is provided with an upper half shell water inlet (471), and the upper half shell (47) is covered with a dustproof cap (48), and the lower half shell ( The groove of 43) is provided with a magnetic block (433) for magnetic connection and clamping and fixing the filter membrane (45), and the magnet (472) provided on the inner wall of the dustproof cap (48) adopts the method of magnetic connection Cover on the upper half shell (47), and make a slit (473) be formed between the dustproof cap (48) and the upper half shell (47). 2. An in-situ measuring device for suspended solids concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed-regulating liquid pump (3) is driven by a deep-sea brushless DC motor, PWM-controlled speed regulation and diaphragm-type vacuum liquid pump achieved. 3. The in-situ measuring device for suspended solids concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that the density of the anti-spill ball (46) is smaller than that of water, and its diameter is larger than that of the water inlet (471) of the upper half shell. diameter. 4. An in-situ measurement device for suspended solids concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom end of the in-situ measurement device is connected to the acoustic releaser (10) and the counterweight in sequence through a steel cable (9) (8), the top of the in-situ measuring device is sequentially connected to the second in-situ measuring device and the floating body material (7) through a steel cable (9). 5. A working method of an in-situ measuring device for suspended matter concentration as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, specifically comprising the following steps: S1 device use and deployment: clean the filter 4 and rigid connecting pipe 6 with distilled water before using the device, replace the new filter membrane 45 that has been dried and weighed in advance and record the serial number, fully saturate the device pipe and pump body with distilled water Air, install the magnetic suction upper half shell 47, slowly inject distilled water from the upper half shell water inlet 471, make the anti-spill ball 46 float up to block the filter upper half shell water inlet 471 and install the magnetic suction dustproof cap 48, connect to the PC host computer Control all solenoid valves 42 to be in the initial normally closed state, set the time sequence of suction and filtration by inputting program parameters, and arrange them on the seabed in dot matrix or in series at different depths of the mooring system according to the observation and sampling requirements; Working process of the S2 device: when the preset time of the program is reached, the control program first controls the opening of several solenoid valves 42 corresponding to the group, and then starts the speed regulating liquid pump 3 to provide negative pressure suction filtration, obtains the suction filtration rate in real time through the clip-on flowmeter 5, and feedbacks adjustment The speed of the liquid pump controls the filtration pressure; the water flow enters from the slit 473 between the dust cap 48 and the upper half shell 47 under the pressure difference drive, and passes through the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell, the filter membrane 45, the filter screen 44, and the lower half shell successively. The shell outlet 432, the rigid connecting pipe 6 and the water inlet 31 of the speed regulating liquid pump are finally discharged from the water outlet 32 of the speed regulating liquid pump; the suspended matter in the water enters the filter with the water flow and stays and accumulates on the filter membrane; , close the electromagnetic valve 42, stop the governor liquid pump 3, record the filter number and the volume of the filtered water sample, and complete a set of suction filtration; the anti-overflow ball 46 floats up under the action of buoyancy to block the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell of the filter , to isolate the exchange of water and suspended matter again; after the program executes the next time series, repeat the above steps for the next group of filters to complete all in-situ suction sampling; S3 Treatment after device recovery: After the observation, recover the device and connect it to the PC host computer, remove the magnetic dustproof cap 48 of the filter, manually control the solenoid valve 42 to open and continue to filter until there is no water residue in the corresponding filter; Slowly inject distilled water from the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell to clean the inner wall of the upper half shell of the filter, pay attention to control the injection speed so as not to overflow, repeat the cleaning operation until all the suspended matter is washed and enriched on the filter membrane; drain the remaining liquid, and remove the upper half Shell 47, complete the filter membrane collection and storage; complete all the filter membrane collection work one by one, rinse and maintain the device with fresh water and store it properly; S4 Concentration Calculation: Dry _the enriched _filter membrane, weigh and record, and calculate the suspended matter mass concentration C _m = (m ₂ -m ₁ )/V.