CN114594170B - 一种磁固相萃取结合快速原位衍生化的体内药物分析方法 - Google Patents
一种磁固相萃取结合快速原位衍生化的体内药物分析方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属分析化学技术领域,涉及一种磁固相萃取结合快速原位衍生化的体内药物分析方法,本发明方法中合成了二氧化钛包覆的磁性四氧化三铁微球,以其作为分散磁固相萃取的材料进行上样,在洗脱步骤,将衍生化试剂与特定的洗脱溶剂混合,使目标分析物的洗脱和衍生化合并为一步,洗脱液经氮吹浓缩并复溶后用高效液相串联质谱分析,测定少量生物样品中的双膦酸盐含量。本方法将传统的固相萃取步骤与特定药物的柱前衍生化步骤合并为一步,缩短了样品衍生化时间并减少溶剂消耗。本法与质谱分析法联用,可用于准确测定生物样品中双膦酸盐类药物的含量。
Description
技术领域
本发明属分析化学技术领域,涉及一种磁固相萃取结合快速原位衍生化的体内药物分析方法,具体涉及一种使用磁固相萃取材料富集生物样品中双膦酸盐类药物并在材料表面进行快速原位衍生化的前处理方法。
背景技术
现有技术公开了生物样品的前处理手段是体内药物分析的关键点也是难点所在。如何高效、快速去除样品中的干扰杂质、富集目标待测物一直是被本领域技术人员关注的热点。通常,样品前处理是复杂样品分析过程中必不可少的操作步骤,其直接影响分析方法的灵敏度、选择性、可靠性、分析速度等,因此,生物样品的样品前处理已成为当今分体内药物的重要研究领域之一。
研究显示,某些常用药物本身没有紫外和荧光吸收,其单体的检测手段匮乏,因此需要引入衍生化的手段。传统的柱前衍生化方法按衍生化反应与前处理步骤的相对位置关系可分为萃取前衍生化、萃取后衍生化、原位衍生化及进样口衍生化。传统的固相萃取需要在将分析物从吸附剂上洗脱,分析物与固相萃取吸附剂完全分离后再进行衍生化反应;而原位衍生化是在样品固相萃取的洗脱的过程中进行衍生化。原位衍生化将传统方法所必须的衍生化预处理操作合并到样品洗脱的过程中,既有固相萃取耗时短、溶剂消耗少的优点,又有衍生化法高灵敏度和选择性的优点,并且,由于省却了分析物在洗脱和衍生化两个溶液环境间的转移过程,还能减小方法误差。目前,原位衍生化法已被用于含羧基、酚基、氨基、羰基的药物的体内分析。
磁固相萃取是一种基于磁性材料在磁场作用下快速移动而发展起来的样品前处理技术。磁固相萃取与传统固相萃取的区别在于,固相萃取吸附剂的填料无需装填在固相萃取柱,而是分散于样品的溶液或悬浮液中,目标分析物与分散的磁性吸附剂充分混合,被磁性吸附剂表面的基团吸附,在外加磁场的作用下,使目标分析物随着磁性吸附剂与样品基质分离。与传统固相萃取相比,磁固相萃取具有以下优势:(1)磁固相萃取法不需要离固相萃取缸和真空泵等加压装置,仅通过施加外部磁场即可实现吸附材料与样品溶液的分离。(2)磁固相萃取省去了繁杂且耗时的装柱过程,只需要将磁性材料分散于样品基质中(3)吸附材料是分散的颗粒形式存在于样品溶液中,吸附剂可以与目标分析物充分接触,有助于提高传质效率,缩短萃取时间,增加分析物的富集倍数。(4)在处理复杂样品时,不容易造成吸附剂堵塞。(5)磁固相萃取材料用量往往比固相萃取柱的填料用量更少,所需的洗脱溶剂体积也更少,适用于痕量分析。基于上述优势,磁固相萃取不仅被广泛运用于环境分析和食品安全等领域,在体内药物分析中也展示了应用前景。
有研究报道了以钛离子为代表的过渡金属离子对磷酸基团具有极高的选择性和亲和力,钛离子修饰的四氧化三铁磁球被成功应用于生物基质中的磷酸化肽和异戊烯焦磷酸酯的选择性富集;钛离子修饰材料对于含磷酸基团的化合物富集能力已经得到了充分的印证。
基于现有技术的基础与现状,本申请的发明人拟提供一种新的更为简便快速的体内样品中双膦酸盐的富集及衍生化方法,该方法将磁固相萃取技术与原位衍生化技术进行结合,从操作上将分析物衍生化与磁固相萃取的洗脱操作合并为了一步,能明显减少固相萃取及衍生化过程所需要的人工操作,有效地缩短双膦酸盐体内分析的前处理时间,提高了分析的灵敏度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于基于现有技术的基础与现状,提供一种新的更为简便快速的体内样品中双膦酸盐的富集及衍生化方法,具体涉及一种磁固相萃取结合快速原位衍生化的体内药物分析方法。
本发明的方法中,将已有的两种样品前处理技术,即磁固相萃取和分析物原位衍生化技术结合,继承两种技术各自的优点,提供更为简便快速的体内样品中双膦酸盐的富集及快速衍生化的方法。经试验验证,该方法简便,快速,萃取效率高,重现性好,溶剂试剂消耗少,安全环保,可准确测定体内样品中的双膦酸盐类药物的含量。
本发明基于二氧化钛包覆的四氧化三铁磁性微球具有比表面积大、吸附能力强、稳定性强等特殊性能,将其应用于复杂体内样品前处理中,其主要基于固相萃取技术的原理,提取方法简化为上样、洗脱(及原位衍生化)两个步骤,相较于传统的先固相萃取再衍生化的技术,更为简便快速。
更具体的,本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现:
采用二氧化钛包覆的四氧化三铁磁性微球作为磁固相萃取吸附剂,对含双膦酸盐的血浆及尿液样品进行上样,采用含有衍生化试剂的混合溶剂进行原位衍生化及洗脱,完成生物样品中的双膦酸盐的富集及衍生化过程,并经氮吹浓缩,以一定的溶剂复溶后用高效液相串联质谱分析,测定体内样品中双膦酸盐的含量。
本发明中,针对二氧化钛包覆的四氧化三铁磁性微球吸附剂萃取效率的影响因素有材料用量,,上样溶液酸浓度,萃取时间,衍生化时间和衍生化温度等因素进行选择确定;
本发明中,上述磁固相萃取原位衍生化的方法中,磁性材料的用量为100-800μg。
本发明中,上述磁固相萃取原位衍生化的方法中,上样溶液中的三氟乙酸浓度为0.5%-8%。
本发明中,上述磁固相萃取原位衍生化的方法中,萃取时间为0.5min–12min。
本发明中,上述磁固相萃取原位衍生化的方法中,洗脱溶剂与衍生化试剂以一定体积比例混合,混合后溶剂体积为100-500μl,两种溶剂的混合体积比为3:1至1:1。
本发明中,上述磁固相萃取原位衍生化的方法中,衍生化时间为1min–16min,衍生化温度为25℃-60℃。
经试验,结果显示,本发明的磁固相萃取原位衍生化的方法中采用集萃取、浓缩、原位衍生化于一体的实验材料:二氧化钛包覆的四氧化三铁磁性微球,使体内样品中双膦酸盐的样品前处理简便、准确、可靠,快速,重现性好,安全环保;具有选择性好、专属性强、快速便捷的优点,可用于准确测定体内样品中双膦酸盐类药物的浓度。
本发明提供了一种更为简便快速的体内样品中双膦酸盐的富集及衍生化方法,其中的磁固相萃取原位衍生化技术可为需要进行柱前衍生化技术的药物的体内分析研究提供技术支持,同时,本发明为开拓复杂样品前处理技术提供了新思路新方法。
附图说明
图1为二氧化钛包覆的磁性四氧化三铁微球的结构及合成示意图。
图2为二氧化钛包覆的四氧化三铁磁性微球的透射电子显微镜照片。
图3为磁固相萃取原位衍生化技术操作步骤示意图。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是限制本发明的范围。
实施例1磁固相萃取原位衍生化法用于血浆样品中的阿仑膦酸钠检测
1)合成二氧化钛包覆的磁性四氧化三铁微球:
(1)纳米四氧化三铁的合成:Fe3O4磁球使用溶剂热法合成[9],合成的具体操作如下:将FeCl3·6H2O充分研磨成细小粉末后,取1.35g分散于75mL的乙二醇,搅拌一段时间直至溶液澄清,将3.6g乙酸钠缓慢加入溶液并继续搅拌至均匀,将所得混悬液转移至200mL反应釜中,在200℃下加热反应16h;随后将反应釜冷却至室温,得到的产物用水和乙醇交替洗涤三次,真空干燥;
(2)四氧化三铁-多巴胺磁性微球的合成:将40mg干燥后的Fe3O4粉末分散于40mL的Tris水溶液(10mM,pH=8.5),另加入80ml乙醇混匀,称取160mg的多巴胺盐酸盐溶解于60mL的去离子水中,将多巴胺盐酸盐溶液加到上述反应体系中,于室温下搅拌12h,最后将产物(Fe3O4@PD)用水和乙醇交替洗涤3次,真空干燥;
(3)四氧化三铁-二氧化钛的磁性微球的合成:将40mg干燥后的Fe3O4@PD微球加入到200ml的50mM硫酸钛溶液中,常温下搅拌4h,水洗三次,真空干燥,干燥后材料在400℃下煅烧2h。完全冷却后得到所需材料;
2)磁固相萃取原位衍生化法检测大鼠血浆中的阿仑膦酸钠
(1)仪器:Agilent 1200高效液相色谱仪;AB SCIEX 4000三重四极杆质谱仪;氮吹装置;Eppendorf ThermoMixer C振荡器;Eppendorf 5418R台式离心机;磁力分离架;
(2)材料:阿仑膦酸钠标准品;阿仑膦酸钠-d6标准品;三甲基硅烷基重氮甲烷溶液;甲醇;去离子水;乙酸铵;乙腈;三氟乙酸;二氧化钛修饰的四氧化三铁磁性微球;大鼠血浆样品;
(3)样品前处理:在含二氧化钛修饰的四氧化三铁磁性微球的2ml离心管中加入200μl血浆和200μl的三氟乙酸溶液,振荡4min,磁场分离材料,弃去上清;加入400μl清洗溶剂,振荡30s,磁场分离材料,弃去上清;加入200μl甲醇,100μl三甲基硅烷基重氮甲烷溶液,在50℃加热条件下振荡2min,磁场分离材料,将上清液转移至另一干净离心管中,将此离心管中溶液在40℃下用氮气吹干,用100μl流动相复溶后LC-MS/MS进样分析;
(4)LC-MS/MS条件
色谱柱:Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus-C18(150×2.1mm,5μm)+(12.5×2.1mm,5μm)保护柱;
流动相:流动相A:10mM乙酸铵溶液,pH=4,流动相B:乙腈;
进样量:10μL;柱温:30℃;流速:0.5mL/min;洗脱时间:6.5min;
梯度洗脱程序设置:0-0.5min保持A:B=90:10的比例,0.5-1min调整为A:B=70:30,1-2min保持A:B=70:30,2-3min调整为A:B=90:10,3-6.5min保持A:B=90:10;
质谱条件:
电离方式:ESI(+)离子源:Turbo Ionspray,,气帘气压力(curtain gas,CUR):30psi,离子源温度(source temperature):550℃,载气压力(nebulizer gas,GS1):45psi,heater gas(GS2):50psi,离子喷雾电压:4500V,入口电压(entrance potential,EP:10V,碰撞室出口电压(collision cell exit potential,CXP:10V;
(5)准确度、精密度及基质效应:
将定量下限、低、中、高四个不同浓度的加标血浆按照相同的磁固相萃取原位衍生化方法进行处理后,进行LC-MS/MS分析,根据拟合的定量曲线计算准确度及精密度,批内准确度和精密度分别为:100.5-102.7%,0.2-4.0%(n=5);批间准确度和精密度分别为:100.7-105.3%,1.1-5.3%(n=15);
基质效应:
将低、高两种浓度的对照品先使用三甲基硅烷及重氮甲烷进行衍生化,制得衍生化后的对照品溶液;将空白的血浆样品使用磁固相萃取原位衍生化方法进行处理,处理后得到溶液与衍生化后对照品溶液进行混合,将混合后的基质效应样品与衍生化后的对照品溶液分别进样,通过比较基质效应样品与同等浓度的衍生化后对照品溶液的峰面积响应值的比值的变异系数评估血浆中内源性成分对分析物检测的干扰;结果显示,大鼠血浆在两种浓度下的基质效应分别为7.3%和0.7%(n=6)。
Claims (2)
1. 一种磁固相萃取结合快速原位衍生化的体内药物分析方法,其特征在于,
其包括:1)合成二氧化钛包覆的四氧化三铁磁性微球;2)用磁性微球作为分散磁
固相萃取的吸附剂对生物样品的双膦酸盐类药物快速富集,3)将磁固相萃取的
洗脱与样品衍生化合二为一,并在其中引入加热提高反应速率,实现分析物的快
速洗脱及衍生化;
所述方法中,使用的磁固相萃取材料为二氧化钛包覆的核壳结构磁性微球,每个样品的磁固相萃取材料用量为100-800 μg;
所述方法中,上样时振荡孵育时间为2-10 min;
所述方法中,衍生化反应时间为2-10 min;
所述方法中,洗脱溶剂与衍生化试剂以3:1 至1:1 体积比例混合,混合后溶剂体积为100 - 500 μl;
所述方法中,在衍生化过程中加热,衍生化过程的温度控制范围为25°C- 60°C。
2.根据权利要求1 所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法中,生物样品是血浆
样品或尿液样品,样品上样量为200 -400 μl。
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