CN114486535B - Hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine and method - Google Patents
Hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114486535B CN114486535B CN202111681382.5A CN202111681382A CN114486535B CN 114486535 B CN114486535 B CN 114486535B CN 202111681382 A CN202111681382 A CN 202111681382A CN 114486535 B CN114486535 B CN 114486535B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G15/00—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration
- B65G15/10—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration comprising two or more co-operating endless surfaces with parallel longitudinal axes, or a multiplicity of parallel elements, e.g. ropes defining an endless surface
- B65G15/12—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration comprising two or more co-operating endless surfaces with parallel longitudinal axes, or a multiplicity of parallel elements, e.g. ropes defining an endless surface with two or more endless belts
- B65G15/20—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration comprising two or more co-operating endless surfaces with parallel longitudinal axes, or a multiplicity of parallel elements, e.g. ropes defining an endless surface with two or more endless belts arranged side by side, e.g. for conveyance of flat articles in vertical position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/22—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors
- B65G47/24—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors orientating the articles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
- B65G2201/02—Articles
- B65G2201/0214—Articles of special size, shape or weigh
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine and a method, wherein the hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine comprises a testing unit, and the testing unit comprises a lower plate and an upper plate; a guide shaft is arranged between the lower plate and the upper plate, a movable plate guide sleeve is arranged on the guide shaft, and a movable plate is sleeved on the guide shaft; the movable plate guide sleeve slides in the movable plate; the upper end of the sinking block is provided with a lifting lug; the lower end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is erected on the lower plate and is provided with a hydraulic pump station; the upper end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with a movable plate; the lower part of the movable plate is connected with a rotary lifting hook through a tension sensor; the middle part of the lower plate is provided with a process opening; the sinking block is positioned below the lower plate, the lifting lug passes through the process opening, and the rotary lifting hook is used for hanging the lifting lug; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine and a method.
Background
The existing tensile testing machine is only suitable for tensile testing of anchor chains, and special tensile clamping fixture is required to be manufactured when the tensile testing of the lifting lugs of the sinking blocks is required. When the anchor chain tensile testing machine is used for carrying out tensile test on the sinking block, the selected anchor chain tensile testing machine can provide a tensile force far greater than the test load and breaking load of the lifting lug of the sinking block due to the limitation of the appearance of the sinking block, so that the waste of productivity is caused; and because the device is not special equipment, a plurality of workers are required to be matched with the installation mould and the hoisting clamping, the working efficiency is low, corresponding tension moulds are required to be manufactured and modified for the sinking blocks with different specifications and models, and the cost is increased.
In order to solve the above problems, a tensile testing machine specially used for carrying out tensile test on the sinker lifting lugs needs to be studied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine and a hydraulic sinking block tensile testing method. The invention has reasonable design, low cost, firmness, durability, safety, reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, fund saving, compact structure and convenient use.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine comprises a testing unit, wherein the testing unit comprises a lower plate and an upper plate; a guide shaft is arranged between the lower plate and the upper plate, a movable plate guide sleeve is arranged on the guide shaft, and a movable plate is sleeved on the guide shaft; the movable plate guide sleeve slides in the movable plate; the upper end of the sinking block is provided with a lifting lug;
the lower end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is erected on the lower plate and is provided with a hydraulic pump station; the upper end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with a movable plate;
the lower part of the movable plate is connected with a rotary lifting hook through a tension sensor;
the middle part of the lower plate is provided with a process opening;
the sinking block is located below the lower plate, and the lifting lug passes through the process opening, and the rotatory lifting hook is used for being used for hanging the lifting lug.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the hydraulic pump station comprises a motor, a hydraulic oil pump, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an adjustable throttle valve and a flow dividing and collecting valve;
the double-acting hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a plurality of oil cylinders;
the motor is in transmission connection with a hydraulic oil pump, and an outlet of the hydraulic oil pump is connected with an inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve; in the electromagnetic reversing valve, the other inlet is connected with an oil tank, the first outlet is connected with the inlet of the flow distributing and collecting valve through an adjustable throttle valve, and the second outlets are respectively connected with a rod cavity of the oil cylinder; and the outlets of the flow dividing and collecting valves are respectively provided with rodless cavities of the oil cylinders.
As a parallel scheme, a pilot type overflow valve is connected between two outlets of the electromagnetic directional valve or a first outlet of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with a pilot type proportional overflow valve;
the tension sensor comprises a spoke type tension measuring instrument or a plate ring type tension measuring instrument.
The test unit is matched with a herringbone transmission mechanism for conveying the sinking block;
the herringbone transmission mechanism comprises an input conveyor belt, a middle conveyor belt and an output conveyor belt; the middle conveyor belt has forward and reverse conveying;
the middle conveyor belt is sequentially provided with an adjusting station, a testing station and a head output station;
at the adjusting station, the receiving input conveyor belt is sent into the conveying sinking block;
at a test station, a test unit tests the sinking block;
the intermediate conveyor belt outputs the tested qualified products through the adjusting station and outputs the tested unqualified products through the head output station;
and the output conveyor belt is used for adjusting the station to output the qualified products after the test.
The adjusting station is provided with a direction swing arm for alternatively selecting and conducting the middle conveyor belt to be connected with the input conveyor belt and preventing the middle conveyor belt from being connected with the output conveyor belt or preventing the middle conveyor belt from being connected with the input conveyor belt and conducting the middle conveyor belt to be connected with the output conveyor belt.
The middle conveyor belt is a strip group with a middle belt gap; a first station end and a second station end are arranged between the adjustment station and the test station; a first splayed guide side plate is arranged between the first station end and the second station end; the center line of the middle belt gap is longitudinally arranged;
the first station end opening is larger than the second station end opening, and the first splayed guide side plates are paired and symmetrically and transversely and obliquely unfolded upwards;
a side elevation panel and a side elevation depression panel are arranged in parallel between the second station end and the test station; the side standing depression panel is positioned above the side slope of the side standing elevation panel;
a third guide channel is arranged between the side elevation panel and the side elevation depression panel, and the third guide channel is inclined to the right side, so that the lifting lug is inclined to the right side to the side elevation panel;
a communicated process clearance neutral is arranged between the lower part of the first splayed guide side plate, the lower part of the side elevation panel and the lower part of the side elevation depression panel and the middle conveyor belt, and the process clearance neutral is used for accommodating the sinking block;
a fixed base is arranged below a lower plate of the testing unit; the fixed base spans across two sides of the middle conveyor belt, and a cross-shaped opening communicated with the process opening of the test unit is arranged on the fixed base;
the cross-shaped opening is formed by crossing a longitudinal process opening and a transverse opening;
the longitudinal process opening is provided with a process opening communicated with the third guide channel, the longitudinal process opening is used for passing through the lifting lug, and the transverse opening is used for passing through a rotary lifting hook of the testing unit controlled by the manipulator;
the transverse opening comprises a right opening and a left opening which are positioned at two sides of the longitudinal opening; the right side opening is shorter than the left side opening;
a right auxiliary sloping plate positioned at two sides of the right opening is obliquely arranged at the right side of the longitudinal process opening;
a lifting supporting table is arranged below the process opening and is used for lifting to enable the sinking block to displace through a middle belt gap;
the head output station of the middle conveyor belt is provided with a driven belt wheel shaft; the driven pulley shaft is hinged with an adjusting swing arm driven by a push rod;
the adjusting swing arm drives the middle conveyor belt to swing up and down;
the first splayed guide side plate is inserted into a gap between the lifting lug and the upper surface of the sinking block, the lifting lug which is longitudinally arranged in advance is changed into an upright state under the action of the first splayed guide side plate, and the lifting lug is made to fall on the side elevation panel under the action of the side elevation panel;
the right auxiliary sloping plate receives a lifting lug which inclines rightwards;
when the rotary lifting hook moves into the transverse opening, the lower bottom of the rotary lifting hook swings leftwards after contacting the lifting lug, and after the rotary lifting hook moves into the transverse opening, the rotary lifting hook swings backwards rightwards under the action of dead weight and is positioned at the lower part of the lifting lug; rotating the lifting hook to pull the lifting lug upwards for testing;
after the test, when the rotary lifting hook descends and is separated from the lifting lug, the upper part of the hook head of the lifting lug downwards presses the lifting lug to enable the lifting lug to incline rightwards, meanwhile, the top sinking block on the supporting table is lifted, and the inclination angle of the lifting lug is continuously increased rightwards so as to be separated from the hooking range of the rotary lifting hook; when the rotary lifting hook ascends and is separated from the lifting lug;
the lifting supporting table descends, and the sinking block returns to the middle conveyor belt;
if the sinking block is unqualified, the middle conveyor belt swings downwards under the drive of the adjusting swing arm, so that the lifting lug leaves the cross-shaped opening, and the middle conveyor belt outputs the sinking block from the head output station; and if the sinking block is qualified, outputting the sinking block reversely by the intermediate conveyor belt.
A hydraulic sinking block tensile test method comprises the following test steps;
firstly, placing a sinking block on the lower part of a lower plate; then, the lifting lug passes through the process opening and is hooked up by the rotary lifting hook; secondly, starting a motor, adjusting a pilot overflow valve or a pilot proportional overflow valve, setting output hydraulic pressure, and setting flow rate through a flow dividing and collecting valve; and thirdly, the hydraulic cylinder drives the movable plate to extend, and the numerical value is displayed through the tension sensor.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
a pre-test conveying step is arranged before and after the test step respectively;
in the pre-test transfer step,
firstly, conveying a sinking block to an adjustment station through an input conveyor belt; then, the intermediate conveyor belt drives the sinking block to continuously move forwards; secondly, the first splayed guiding side plate is inserted into a gap between the lifting lug and the upper surface of the sinking block, and under the action of the oblique guiding of the first splayed guiding side plate, the longitudinal lifting lug is changed into a vertical state under the action of the first splayed guiding side plate, and then the lifting lug is guided onto the side elevation panel under the action of the side elevation panel; thirdly, the right auxiliary sloping plate receives the lifting lug which inclines rightwards; when the rotary lifting hook moves into the transverse opening, the lower bottom of the rotary lifting hook swings leftwards after contacting the lifting lug, and after the rotary lifting hook moves into the transverse opening, the rotary lifting hook swings backwards rightwards under the action of dead weight and is positioned at the lower part of the lifting lug; and (5) pulling the lifting lug upwards by the rotary lifting hook for testing.
A post-test conveying step is respectively arranged before and after the test step;
in the post-test transfer step, when the rotary hook descends and is separated from the lifting lug after the test,
firstly, the upper part of the hook head of the lifting lug downwards presses the lifting lug to enable the lifting lug to incline rightwards, meanwhile, the top sinking block on the supporting platform is lifted, and the inclination angle of the lifting lug is continuously increased rightwards so as to be separated from the hooking range of the rotary lifting hook; then, the rotary lifting hook ascends and is separated from the lifting lug; secondly, the lifting supporting platform descends, and the sinking block returns to the middle conveyor belt; after that, the process is carried out,
if the sinking block is unqualified, the middle conveyor belt swings downwards under the drive of the adjusting swing arm, so that the lifting lug leaves the cross-shaped opening, and the middle conveyor belt outputs the sinking block from the head output station;
if the sinking block is qualified, the direction swing arm changes to prevent the intermediate conveyor belt from being connected with the input conveyor belt and to conduct the intermediate conveyor belt to be connected with the output conveyor belt, and the intermediate conveyor belt reversely outputs the sinking block to the output conveyor belt.
The invention has simple structure and convenient hoisting, and can carry out the tension test on the lifting lug of the sinking block by controlling the hydraulic cylinder only by connecting the hoisting pulling machine with the lifting lug of the sinking block without a special clamping fixture. The labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced, the production cost is saved, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front-side use structure of the tensile machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the tension machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the pulling machine of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a hydraulic embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of hydraulic example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic drawing of a variant of the tensile machine according to the invention in plan view.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another angle structure of the tensile machine of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the automated overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a herringbone conveyor belt assembly using structure of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the hooking operation of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a lower plate; 2. an upper plate; 3. a movable plate; 4. a double-acting hydraulic cylinder; 5. a guide shaft; 6. a movable plate guide sleeve; 7. rotating the lifting hook; 8. a tension sensor; 9. a motor; 10. a hydraulic oil pump; 11. an electromagnetic reversing valve; 12. a pilot-operated overflow valve; 13. an adjustable throttle valve; 14. a flow dividing and collecting valve; 15. a pilot-operated proportional relief valve; 16. spoke type tension measuring instrument; 17. plate ring type tension measuring instrument; 18. testing a unit; 19. a herringbone transmission mechanism; 20. an input conveyor belt; 21. an intermediate conveyor belt; 22. an output conveyor belt; 23. adjusting a station; 24. a testing station; 25. a head output station; 26. a direction swing arm; 27. a first splayed guide side plate; 28. a first station end; 29. a second station end; 30. a third guide channel; 31. a side elevation panel; 32. a side elevation depression panel; 33. a process opening; 34. a right auxiliary sloping plate; 35. a longitudinal process opening; 36. lifting the supporting platform; 37. a right side opening; 38. a left side opening; 39. a fixed base; 40. a center line; 41. a middle belt gap; 42. and adjusting the swing arm.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-10, the device of the present embodiment includes a control panel, a hydraulic pump station, a lower plate, an upper plate, a movable plate guide sleeve, a guide shaft, a rotary hook, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder and a tension sensor. The hydraulic pump station of the tensile testing machine comprises a motor, a hydraulic oil pump provides pressure output, and a control valve of the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises an overflow valve, an electromagnetic directional valve and a flow distributing and collecting valve. The flow direction of hydraulic oil in two cavities of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is controlled by an electromagnetic directional valve of a hydraulic pump station, and the pressure in the cavities is controlled by an overflow valve; one end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is fixed on the lower plate, and the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is fixed on the movable plate, so that the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the movable plate; a rotary lifting hook and a guide sleeve are fixed on the movable plate; when the hydraulic cylinder drives the movable plate to move, the guide sleeve moves along the guide shaft at the same time; two ends of the guide shaft are respectively fixed with the upper plate and the lower plate; one end of the rotary lifting hook is connected with the movable plate, and the other end of the rotary lifting hook is connected with the tension sensor; one end of the tension sensor is connected with the rotary lifting hook, and the other end is connected with the cast iron sinker lifting lug; the lifting lug of the cast iron sinking block penetrates through the opening of the lower plate and penetrates through the lower plate to be connected with the tension sensor.
The tension sensor can be replaced by a pressure sensor, and the tension of the sinking block lifting lug is converted into the tension of the sinking block lifting lug according to a corresponding calculation formula by monitoring the pressure of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic system.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a tension tester special for carrying out lifting lug tension test on cast iron sinking blocks. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the main body of the invention comprises a lower plate 1, an upper plate 2, a movable plate 3, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 4, a guide shaft 5, a movable plate guide sleeve 6, a rotary lifting hook 7 and a tension sensor 8. As shown in fig. 4, the control pump station of the invention comprises an electric motor 9, a hydraulic oil pump 10, an electromagnetic reversing valve 11, a pilot relief valve 12, an adjustable throttle valve 13, a flow dividing and collecting valve 14 and a double-acting hydraulic oil cylinder 4. In fig. 4, an electromagnetic reversing valve 11 controls the movement direction of a piston rod of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 4, a pilot overflow valve 12 controls the output thrust of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 4, an adjustable throttle valve 13 controls the movement speed of the piston rod of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 4, and a flow dividing and collecting valve 14 controls the flow of two cylinders to synchronize the movement speeds of the piston rods of the two cylinders.
When carrying out tensile test to the heavy piece lug, be connected the couple of heavy piece lug and tension sensor 8, the double-acting pneumatic cylinder 4 piston rod stretches out under the control of electromagnetic reversing valve 11, drives the fly leaf 3 that is connected with the piston rod and upwards moves, along with the upwards movement of fly leaf 3, and heavy piece lug receives the pulling force of tension sensor 8 to be greater and greater, and tension sensor shows the pulling force numerical value that heavy piece lug received. The magnitude of pulling force applied to the lifting lug is controlled by adjusting the pilot type overflow valve 12.
The pilot relief valve 12 in the hydraulic control system can be replaced by a pilot proportional relief valve 15 as shown in fig. 5, so as to realize remote electrification control.
In practical application, the form of the tension sensor 8 is not limited to the illustrated form, and other forms of force sensors can be used for achieving the purpose of measuring the tension of the lifting lug of the sinking block. As shown in fig. 6, this solution uses a spoke type tension meter 16; as shown in fig. 7, this embodiment uses a plate ring type tension meter 17.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine of the embodiment comprises a testing unit 18, wherein the testing unit 18 comprises a lower plate 1 and an upper plate 2; a guide shaft 5 is arranged between the lower plate 1 and the upper plate 2, a movable plate guide sleeve 6 is arranged on the guide shaft 5, and a movable plate 3 is sleeved on the guide shaft 5; the movable plate guide sleeve 6 slides in the movable plate 3; the upper end of the sinking block is provided with a lifting lug;
the lower end of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 4 is erected on the lower plate 1 and is provided with a hydraulic pump station; the upper end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected with the movable plate 3;
the lower part of the movable plate 3 is connected with a rotary lifting hook 7 through a tension sensor 8;
the middle part of the lower plate 1 is provided with a process opening;
the sinker is located below the lower plate 1, and the lifting lug passes through the process opening, and the rotary lifting hook 7 is used for hanging the lifting lug.
The hydraulic pump station comprises an electric motor 9, a hydraulic oil pump 10, an electromagnetic directional valve 11, an adjustable throttle valve 13 and a flow dividing and collecting valve 14;
the double-acting hydraulic oil cylinder 4 comprises a plurality of oil cylinders;
the motor 9 is in transmission connection with the hydraulic oil pump 10, and the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump 10 is connected with an inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 11; in the electromagnetic directional valve 11, the other inlet is connected with an oil tank, the first outlet is connected with the inlet of the flow distributing and collecting valve 14 through the adjustable throttle valve 13, and the second outlets are respectively connected with rod cavities of the oil cylinders; the outlets of the flow dividing and collecting valve 14 are respectively the rodless cavities of the oil cylinders.
As a parallel scheme, a pilot type overflow valve 12 is connected between two outlets of the electromagnetic directional valve 11 or a first outlet side of the electromagnetic directional valve 11 is connected with a pilot type proportional overflow valve 15;
the tension sensor 8 includes a spoke-type tension measuring instrument 16 or a plate-ring-type tension measuring instrument 17.
The testing unit 18 is matched with a herringbone transmission mechanism 19 for conveying the sinking blocks;
the herringbone transmission mechanism 19 includes an input conveyor 20, an intermediate conveyor 21, and an output conveyor 22; the intermediate conveyor belt 21 has forward and reverse conveyance;
the intermediate conveyor belt 21 is provided with an adjusting station 23, a testing station 24 and a head output station 25 in sequence;
at the adjusting station 23, the receiving input conveyor belt 20 is fed into the conveying sinker;
at test station 24, test unit 18 tests the sinker;
the intermediate conveyor belt 21 outputs the tested qualified products through the adjusting station 23 and the tested unqualified products through the head output station 25 respectively;
and the output conveyor belt 22 is used for adjusting the station 23 to output the qualified products after the test.
A direction swing arm 26 is provided at the adjustment station 23 for alternatively connecting the conductive intermediate conveyor 21 with the input conveyor 20 and blocking the intermediate conveyor 21 from being connected with the output conveyor 22 or blocking the intermediate conveyor 21 from being connected with the input conveyor 20 and connecting the conductive intermediate conveyor 21 with the output conveyor 22.
The intermediate conveyor 21 is a set of strips with an intermediate belt gap 41; a first station end 28 and a second station end 29 are arranged between the adjustment station 23 and the test station 24; a first splayed guide side plate 27 is arranged between the first station end 28 and the second station end 29; the center line 40 of the intermediate belt gap 41 is longitudinally disposed;
the opening of the first station end 28 is larger than that of the second station end 29, and the first splayed guide side plates 27 are symmetrically and transversely unfolded obliquely upwards in pairs;
a side elevation panel 31 and a side elevation depression panel 32 are arranged in parallel between the second station end 29 and the test station 24; the side elevation and depression panel 32 is positioned obliquely above the side elevation and depression panel 31;
a third guide channel 30 is arranged between the side elevation panel 31 and the side elevation depression panel 32, and the third guide channel 30 is inclined to the right side, so that the lifting lug is inclined to the right side onto the side elevation panel 31;
a process clearance gap is arranged below the first splayed guide side plate 27, below the side elevation panel 31 and below the side elevation depression panel 32 and is communicated with the middle conveyor belt 21, and the process clearance gap is used for accommodating the sinking block;
a fixed base 39 is arranged below the lower plate 1 of the test unit 18; the fixed base 39 spans across the two sides of the middle conveyor belt 21, and a cross-shaped opening communicated with the process opening of the test unit 18 is arranged on the fixed base 39;
the cross-shaped opening is formed by crossing the longitudinal process opening 35 and the transverse opening;
the longitudinal process opening 35 has a process opening 33 communicating with the third guide channel 30, the longitudinal process opening 35 being intended to pass through the lifting lug and the transverse opening being intended to pass through the rotating hooks 7 of the test unit 18 operated by the manipulator;
the transverse openings include right side openings 37 and left side openings 38 on either side of the longitudinal openings; the right side opening 37 is shorter than the left side opening 38;
right auxiliary sloping plates 34 are obliquely arranged on the right side of the longitudinal process opening 35 and positioned on the two sides of the right opening 37;
a lifting pallet 36 is provided below the process opening for lifting through the intermediate belt gap 41 to displace the sinker;
a driven pulley shaft is provided at the head output station 25 of the intermediate conveyor 21; the driven pulley shaft is hinged with an adjusting swing arm 42 driven by a push rod;
adjusting the swing arm 42 to drive the middle conveyor belt 21 to swing up and down;
the first splayed guide side plate 27 is inserted into a gap between the lifting lug and the upper surface of the sinking block, the lifting lug which is longitudinally arranged in advance is changed into an upright state under the action of the first splayed guide side plate 27, and the lifting lug is laterally fallen onto the side elevation panel 31 under the action of the side elevation depression panel 32;
the right auxiliary sloping plate 34 receives a lifting lug which is inclined rightward;
when the lower bottom of the rotary lifting hook 7 moves into the transverse opening, the rotary lifting hook 7 swings leftwards after contacting the lifting lug, and after the lower bottom of the rotary lifting hook 7 moves into the transverse opening, the rotary lifting hook 7 swings backwards rightwards under the action of dead weight and is positioned at the lower part of the lifting lug; the lifting hook 7 is rotated to pull the lifting lug upwards for testing;
after the test, when the rotary lifting hook 7 descends and is separated from the lifting lug, the upper part of the lifting lug hook head downwards presses the lifting lug to enable the lifting lug to incline rightwards, meanwhile, the lifting lug continuously increases the inclination angle rightwards to be separated from the hooking range of the rotary lifting hook 7; when the rotary lifting hook 7 ascends and is separated from the lifting lug;
the lifting support 36 descends, and the sinking mass returns to the middle conveyor belt 21;
if the sinking block is unqualified, the middle conveyor belt 21 swings downwards under the drive of the adjusting swing arm 42, so that the lifting lug leaves the cross-shaped opening, and the middle conveyor belt 21 outputs the sinking block from the head output station 25; if the sinking block is qualified, the middle conveyor belt 21 outputs the sinking block reversely.
The hydraulic sinking block tensile test method of the embodiment comprises the following test steps of;
firstly, placing a sinking block on the lower part of a lower plate 1; then, the lifting lug passes through the process opening and is hooked up by the rotary lifting hook 7; secondly, starting the motor 9, adjusting the pilot type overflow valve 12 or the pilot type proportional overflow valve 15, adjusting the output hydraulic pressure, and adjusting the flow rate through the flow dividing and collecting valve 14; again, the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the movable plate 3 to extend, and the numerical value is displayed by the tension sensor 8.
A pre-test conveying step is arranged before and after the test step respectively;
in the pre-test transfer step,
firstly, the sinker is transferred to the adjustment station 23 by the input conveyor 20; then, the intermediate conveyor belt 21 drives the sinking block to continue to move forward; secondly, the first splayed guiding side plate 27 is inserted into a gap between the lifting lug and the upper surface of the sinking block, and under the action of the oblique guiding of the first splayed guiding side plate 27, the longitudinal lifting lug is turned into an upright state under the action of the first splayed guiding side plate 27, and then is guided onto the side elevation panel 31 under the action of the side elevation depression panel 32; again, the right auxiliary swash plate 34 receives a lifting lug inclined to the right; when the lower bottom of the rotary lifting hook 7 contacts the lifting lug and swings leftwards, the rotary lifting hook 7 swings rightwards under the action of dead weight after the lower bottom of the rotary lifting hook 7 moves into the transverse opening; the rotary hook 7 pulls the lifting lug upward for testing.
A post-test conveying step is respectively arranged before and after the test step;
in the post-test transfer step, when the rotary hook 7 descends to be separated from the lifting lug after the test,
firstly, the upper part of the hook head of the lifting lug downwards presses the lifting lug to enable the lifting lug to incline rightwards, meanwhile, the lifting lug continuously increases the inclination angle rightwards to be separated from the hooking range of the rotary lifting hook 7 by jacking the sinking block on the lifting saddle 36; then, the rotary lifting hook 7 ascends to be separated from the lifting lug; secondly, the lifting support 36 descends, and the sinking block returns to the middle conveyor belt 21; after that, the process is carried out,
if the sinking block is unqualified, the middle conveyor belt 21 swings downwards under the drive of the adjusting swing arm 42, so that the lifting lug leaves the cross-shaped opening, and the middle conveyor belt 21 outputs the sinking block from the head output station 25;
if the sinking mass is qualified, the direction swing arm 26 is varied to prevent the intermediate conveyor 21 from being connected to the input conveyor 20 and to conduct the connection of the intermediate conveyor 21 to the output conveyor 22, and the intermediate conveyor 21 reversely outputs the sinking mass to the output conveyor 22.
According to the invention, an automatic or semi-automatic test is realized through the testing unit 18 and the herringbone transmission mechanism 19, the mechanical arm or manual auxiliary operation is adopted, the transmission is realized through the input transmission belt 20, the middle transmission belt 21 and the output transmission belt 22 with ingenious herringbone structures, the corresponding work is realized through the adjustment station 23, the testing station 24 and the head output station 25, the direction swinging arm 26 is matched with the forward and reverse input and output direction guide adjustment of the transmission belt, the lifting lug is slowly lifted through gradual change of the first splayed guide side plate 27, the first station end 28, the second station end 29 and the third guide channel 30 are output, the side elevation panel 31 and the side elevation depression panel 32 assist the lifting lug to incline, the process opening 33 is realized to input and output, the right side auxiliary inclined plate 34 is convenient to hook, and the common hooking is omitted. Through vertical technology opening 35, lift saddle 36, right side opening 37, left side opening 38, unable adjustment base 39 realize the direction hook, can automatic hook or assist manual work cooperation, and middle belt gap 41 holds the heavy piece, adjusts swing arm 42 and realizes the every single move of conveyer belt.
The present invention is fully described for more clarity of disclosure and is not set forth in the prior art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; it is obvious to a person skilled in the art to combine several embodiments of the invention. Such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The technical content that is not described in detail in the invention is known in the prior art.
Claims (3)
1. A hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine is characterized in that: the device comprises a testing unit (18), wherein the testing unit (18) comprises a lower plate (1) and an upper plate (2); a guide shaft (5) is arranged between the lower plate (1) and the upper plate (2), a movable plate guide sleeve (6) is arranged on the guide shaft (5), and a movable plate (3) is sleeved on the guide shaft (5); the movable plate guide sleeve (6) slides in the movable plate (3); the upper end of the sinking block is provided with a lifting lug;
the lower end of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (4) is erected on the lower plate (1) and is provided with a hydraulic pump station; the upper end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (4) is connected with the movable plate (3);
the lower part of the movable plate (3) is connected with a rotary lifting hook (7) through a tension sensor (8);
the middle part of the lower plate (1) is provided with a process opening;
the sinking block is positioned below the lower plate (1), the lifting lug passes through the process opening, and the rotary lifting hook (7) is used for hanging the lifting lug;
the test unit (18) is matched with a herringbone transmission mechanism (19) for conveying the sinking blocks;
the herringbone transmission mechanism (19) comprises an input conveyor belt (20), an intermediate conveyor belt (21) and an output conveyor belt (22); the intermediate conveyor belt (21) has forward and reverse conveyance;
an adjusting station (23), a testing station (24) and a head output station (25) are sequentially arranged on the middle conveyor belt (21);
in the adjusting station (23), the receiving input conveyor belt (20) is sent into the conveying sinking block;
in a test station (24), the test unit (18) tests the sinking block;
the intermediate conveyor belt (21) outputs the tested qualified products through the adjusting station (23) and outputs the tested unqualified products through the head output station (25);
the output conveyor belt (22) is used for adjusting the station (23) to output the tested qualified products;
a direction swing arm (26) is arranged at the adjustment station (23) and is used for alternatively connecting the selective conduction intermediate conveyor belt (21) with the input conveyor belt (20) and preventing the intermediate conveyor belt (21) from being connected with the output conveyor belt (22) or preventing the intermediate conveyor belt (21) from being connected with the input conveyor belt (20) and connecting the conduction intermediate conveyor belt (21) with the output conveyor belt (22);
the intermediate conveyor belt (21) is a group of strips with an intermediate belt gap (41); a first station end (28) and a second station end (29) are arranged between the adjusting station (23) and the testing station (24); a first splayed guide side plate (27) is arranged between the first station end (28) and the second station end (29); the center line (40) of the intermediate belt gap (41) is longitudinally arranged;
the opening of the first station end (28) is larger than that of the second station end (29), and the first splayed guide side plates (27) are symmetrically and transversely unfolded obliquely upwards in pairs;
a side elevation panel (31) and a side elevation depression panel (32) are arranged in parallel between the second station end (29) and the test station (24); the side elevation and depression panel (32) is positioned above the side inclination of the side elevation and depression panel (31);
a third guide channel (30) is arranged between the side elevation panel (31) and the side elevation depression panel (32), and the third guide channel (30) is inclined to the right side, so that the lifting lug is inclined to the right side onto the side elevation panel (31);
a communicated process clearance neutral is arranged between the lower part of the first splayed guide side plate (27), the lower part of the side elevation panel (31) and the lower part of the side elevation depression panel (32) and the middle conveyor belt (21), and the process clearance neutral is used for accommodating the sinking block;
a fixed base (39) is arranged below the lower plate (1) of the test unit (18); the fixed base (39) spans across the two sides of the middle conveyor belt (21), and a cross-shaped opening communicated with the process opening of the test unit (18) is arranged on the fixed base (39);
the cross-shaped opening is formed by crossing a longitudinal process opening (35) and a transverse opening;
the longitudinal process opening (35) is provided with a process opening (33) communicated with the third guide channel (30), the longitudinal process opening (35) is used for passing through the lifting lug, and the transverse opening is used for passing through a rotary lifting hook (7) of a test unit (18) controlled by a mechanical arm;
the transverse opening comprises a right side opening (37) and a left side opening (38) which are positioned at two sides of the longitudinal opening; the right side opening (37) is shorter than the left side opening (38);
right auxiliary sloping plates (34) positioned on two sides of the right opening (37) are obliquely arranged on the right side of the longitudinal process opening (35);
a lifting support (36) is arranged below the process opening and is used for lifting to enable the sinking block to displace through a middle belt gap (41);
a head output station (25) of the intermediate conveyor belt (21) is provided with a driven pulley shaft; the driven pulley shaft is hinged with an adjusting swing arm (42) driven by the push rod;
the swing arm (42) is adjusted to drive the middle conveyor belt (21) to swing up and down;
the first splayed guide side plate (27) is inserted into a gap between the lifting lug and the upper surface of the sinking block, the lifting lug which is longitudinally arranged in advance is changed into an upright state under the action of the first splayed guide side plate (27), and the lifting lug is made to fall on the side elevation panel (31) under the action of the side elevation panel (32);
the right auxiliary sloping plate (34) receives a lifting lug which inclines rightwards;
when the rotary lifting hook (7) moves downwards to enter the transverse opening, the lower bottom of the rotary lifting hook (7) swings leftwards after contacting the lifting lug, and after the rotary lifting hook (7) moves downwards to enter the transverse opening, the rotary lifting hook (7) swings backwards rightwards under the action of dead weight and is positioned at the lower part of the lifting lug; the lifting hook (7) is rotated to pull the lifting lug upwards for testing;
after the test, when the rotary lifting hook (7) descends and is separated from the lifting lug, the upper part of the hook head of the lifting lug downwards presses the lifting lug to enable the lifting lug to incline rightwards, meanwhile, the lifting lug continuously increases the inclination angle rightwards to be separated from the hooking range of the rotary lifting hook (7) by pushing the sinking block upwards on the lifting support (36); when the rotary lifting hook (7) ascends and is separated from the lifting lug;
the lifting supporting table (36) descends, and the sinking block returns to the middle conveyor belt (21);
if the sinking block is unqualified, the middle conveyor belt (21) swings downwards under the drive of the adjusting swing arm (42) so that the lifting lug leaves the cross-shaped opening, and the middle conveyor belt (21) outputs the sinking block from the head output station (25); and if the sinking block is qualified, the middle conveyor belt (21) reversely outputs the sinking block.
2. The hydraulic sinker tensile tester according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic pump station comprises a motor (9), a hydraulic oil pump (10), an electromagnetic reversing valve (11), an adjustable throttle valve (13) and a flow dividing and collecting valve (14);
the double-acting hydraulic oil cylinder (4) comprises a plurality of oil cylinders;
the motor (9) is in transmission connection with the hydraulic oil pump (10), and the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump (10) is connected with an inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve (11); in the electromagnetic reversing valve (11), the other inlet is connected with an oil tank, the first outlet is connected with the inlet of a flow distributing and collecting valve (14) through an adjustable throttle valve (13), and the second outlets are respectively connected with a rod cavity of the oil cylinder; and the outlets of the flow distributing and collecting valves (14) are respectively provided with rodless cavities of the oil cylinders.
3. The hydraulic sinker tensile tester according to claim 1, wherein: a pilot type overflow valve (12) is connected between two outlets of the electromagnetic directional valve (11), or a first outlet side of the electromagnetic directional valve (11) is connected with a pilot type proportional overflow valve (15);
the tension sensor (8) comprises a spoke type tension measuring instrument (16) or a plate ring type tension measuring instrument (17).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310813919.1A CN116840056A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Tension test process for hydraulic sinking block |
| CN202111681382.5A CN114486535B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111681382.5A CN114486535B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine and method |
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| CN202310813919.1A Division CN116840056A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Tension test process for hydraulic sinking block |
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| CN202111681382.5A Active CN114486535B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Hydraulic sinking block tensile testing machine and method |
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| CN116840056A (en) | 2023-10-03 |
| CN114486535A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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