CN114408226A - Paraffin temperature sensing element and shutter adjusting mechanism based on thermal control of paraffin temperature sensing element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a paraffin temperature sensing element and a shutter adjusting mechanism based on thermal control of the paraffin temperature sensing element, wherein the paraffin temperature sensing element comprises a cylinder body, a piston, paraffin and a spring which are all arranged in the cylinder body; the paraffin is sealed in the cylinder by the input end of the piston; the output end of the piston extends out of the opening end of the cylinder body, and the input end of the piston is connected with the cylinder body in a sliding manner; the spring is abutted against the input end of the piston and the opening end of the cylinder body; the solid paraffin is heated and melted to generate phase change expansion, and the piston is pushed to move linearly. The paraffin wax temperature sensing element outputs the linear motion of the piston according to the temperature change, and can be applied to the field of aerospace thermal control, such as being used as a driving element to drive and control the opening and closing of a shutter. Compared with the application of a motor as a driving source, the motor has the advantages of light weight and temperature consideration.

Description

Paraffin temperature sensing element and shutter adjustment mechanism based on thermal control of the element

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of spacecraft thermal control, in particular to a paraffin temperature sensing element and a shutter adjustment mechanism based on the thermal control of the element.

Background technique

In recent years, my country's aerospace industry has developed rapidly, and landing on Mars and deep space exploration have become an inevitable trend. The payload carried by the spacecraft has higher and higher requirements for the thermal environment, and the space thermal environment in which the spacecraft is located has become more and more complex. The complex deep space thermal environment has a serious impact on the normal operation of the spacecraft.

In order to solve the influence of the thermal environment on the spacecraft, reduce the complexity of the thermal control system and improve the reliability, it is necessary to design a piston that can adjust the extension length according to its own temperature level. At the same time, the shutter adjustment mechanism using the piston for thermal control, when the temperature is higher than the normal working temperature of the spacecraft, the viewing angle coefficient of the heat dissipation surface of the shutter increases to dissipate heat; when the temperature is lower than the normal working temperature of the spacecraft, the viewing angle coefficient of the heat dissipation surface of the shutter decreases Keep warm.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a paraffin temperature sensing element and a shutter adjustment mechanism based on the thermal control of the element.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following concrete technical scheme:

Paraffin temperature sensing element, including cylinder, piston, paraffin and spring all placed in the cylinder;

The paraffin is sealed in the cylinder by the input end of the piston;

The output end of the piston protrudes from the open end of the cylinder body, and its input end is slidably connected with the cylinder body;

The spring abuts against the input end of the piston and the open end of the cylinder;

The solid paraffin is heated and melted to produce phase change expansion, which drives the piston to move linearly.

Further, it also includes overflow holes and sealing screws;

The cylinder head end of the cylinder body is provided with an overflow hole communicating with the paraffin, and the sealing screw is used to open or close the overflow hole.

Further, at least one Gray ring is disposed on the circumference of the input end of the piston, and the Gray ring is used for sliding sealing between the piston and the cylinder.

Further, it also includes a limit nut threadedly connected with the output end of the piston.

Further, it includes a driving part and a rotating part;

The driving part is a paraffin temperature sensing element;

The driving part is drivingly connected with the rotating part, so that the rotating part controls the opening and closing of the shutter blades;

The louver is installed on the heat dissipation surface, and the heat dissipation surface dissipates heat through the louver blades.

Further, the rotating part includes a connecting rod, a first bracket, a second bracket and a swing rod that are the same in number as the shutter blades;

One end of the shutter blade is fixedly connected with the first bracket, and the left frame of the shutter rotates to support the first bracket;

The other end of the shutter blade is fixedly connected with one end of the second bracket, and the right frame of the shutter rotates to support the second bracket;

One end of the pendulum rod is connected to the other end of the second bracket, and the other end of the pendulum rod is rotatably connected with the connecting rod;

The connecting rod is arranged in parallel with the right frame, and the two adjacent swing rods are arranged in parallel;

The output end of the piston drives the connecting rod, so that the swing rod rotates around the length direction of the second bracket to drive the second bracket to rotate.

Further, it also includes a push rod, one end of the push rod is rotatably connected with the output end of the piston, and the other end of the push rod is rotatably connected with the end of the connecting rod;

The axial direction of the piston is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod.

Further, it also includes a second pin shaft and an active swing rod, and the swing rod located at the end of the connecting rod and close to the piston is set as an active swing rod;

The second pin is movable through the other end of the push rod, the end of the connecting rod and the active swing rod.

Further, the cross section of the other end of the second bracket is square, one end of the swing rod is a square hole matched with the other end of the second bracket, and one end of the swing rod sleeve is sleeved outside the other end of the second bracket.

Further, one end of the swing rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the second bracket.

The invention can achieve the following technical effects: the paraffin temperature sensing element of the invention outputs the corresponding piston length according to the temperature change, and can be applied in the field of aerospace thermal control, such as driving and controlling the opening and closing of shutters as a driving element. Compared with the application motor, it has the advantage of light weight. The shutter adjustment mechanism based on the thermal control of the element can adjust the viewing angle coefficient of the thermal shutter according to the temperature level of the spacecraft, so as to realize the temperature control of the spacecraft. The invention is an indispensable key technology in the field of spacecraft thermal control, improves the adaptability of the spacecraft in complex extraterrestrial thermal environments, and is of great significance to my country's future deep space exploration such as Mars exploration.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of paraffin temperature sensing element provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a blind self-adaptive adjustment mechanism provided by the present invention;

3 is a schematic top view of the self-adaptive adjustment mechanism for blinds provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pendulum rod provided by the present invention.

Reference number:

First screw 1, paraffin mounting bracket 2, second screw 3, cover plate 4, paraffin temperature sensing element 5, joint 6, first pin 7, push rod 8, second pin 9, swing rod 10, connecting rod 11. The second bracket 12, the third pin 13, the second screw 14, the heat dissipation surface 15, the upper frame of the shutter 16, the lower frame of the shutter 17, the first bracket 18, the bearing 19, the shutter blade 20, the fourth pin 21, Sealing screw 22 , sealing ring 23 , third screw 24 , cylinder head 25 , O-ring 26 , cylinder block 27 , paraffin 28 , Gray ring 29 , spring 30 , piston rod 31 , limit nut 32 .

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a paraffin temperature sensing element includes a cylinder body 27 with a cylinder head 25 , a piston, paraffin wax 28 and a spring 30 all placed in the cylinder body 27 .

Paraffin 28 and the piston are placed at both ends of the interior of the cylinder block 27 , and the paraffin 28 is located at one end near the cylinder head 25 . The paraffin 28 is sealed in the cylinder body 27 by the input end of the piston; the output end of the piston protrudes from the open end of the cylinder body 27, and its input end is slidably connected with the cylinder body 27; the spring 30 is sleeved between the input end and the output end the outside of the piston rod 31. The diameter of the input end of the piston is larger than the diameter of the piston rod 31 , and the spring 30 abuts between the input end of the piston and the open end of the cylinder, and has a reset function.

The solid paraffin is heated and melted to produce a phase change expansion, which pushes the piston to move in a straight line. The cylinder head 25 and the cylinder body 27 are connected by the third screw 24 and sealed by the O-ring 26; the paraffin wax 28 is sealed inside the cylinder body 27; the piston rod 31 is coaxially matched with the cylinder body 27, and the input end of the piston The sliding seal is achieved by means of two Grey rings 29 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an overflow hole and a sealing screw 22 are also included;

The cylinder head end of the cylinder body is provided with an overflow hole communicating with the paraffin, and the sealing screw 22 is used to open or close the overflow hole. The cylinder head 25 of the paraffin temperature sensing element 5 is provided with an overflow hole. When the cylinder head 25 is installed after the paraffin 28 is filled, the excess paraffin and air in the cylinder will overflow from the overflow hole to prevent air from being mixed into the cylinder. affect product performance. The sealing screw 22 is matched with the overflow hole of the cylinder head 25 through threads. In order to prevent the paraffin 28 from flowing out between the sealing screw 22 and the overflow hole, the sealing ring is sandwiched between the sealing screw 22 and the overflow hole, and the sealing ring 23 is used to carry out the operation. Seal the overflow hole.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one Gley ring 29 is disposed on the circumference of the input end of the piston, and the Gley ring 29 is used for sliding sealing between the piston and the cylinder.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a limit nut 32 threadedly connected with the output end of the piston is also included. The limit nut 32 can limit the protruding length of the output end of the piston.

A shutter adjustment mechanism using paraffin temperature sensing elements for thermal control, as shown in Figure 2-4, includes a driving part and a rotating part;

The driving component is the aforementioned paraffin temperature sensing element;

The driving part is connected to the rotating part in a driving manner, and the rotating part controls the opening and closing of the shutter blades; the rotating part converts linear motion into rotary motion, and the rotating part can refer to the structure of controlling the rotation of the shutter blades in the prior art, preferably the embodiment described later.

The louver is installed on the heat dissipation surface 15 , and the heat dissipation surface dissipates heat through the louver blades 20 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating part includes a connecting rod 11, a first bracket 18, a second bracket 12 and a swing rod 10 all of which are the same in number as the shutter blades 20;

One end of the shutter blade 20 is fixedly connected with the first bracket 18, and the left frame of the shutter supports the first bracket 18 in rotation;

The other end of the shutter blade 20 is fixedly connected with one end of the second bracket 12, and the right frame of the shutter supports the second bracket 12 in rotation; the shutter blade 20, the first bracket 18 and the second bracket 12 are arranged together along the length direction of the shutter blade 20 . Wherein, the second bracket 12 is connected to the driving component and inputs the power source.

Specifically, one end of the swing rod 10 is connected to the other end of the second bracket 12 , and the other end of the swing rod 10 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 11 . When the other end of the swing rod 10 rotates around the rotation point between one end of the swing rod 10 and the second bracket 12 , the second bracket 12 will rotate, thereby driving the shutter blade 20 to rotate. Specifically, the cross section of the other end of the second bracket 12 is square, one end of the swing rod 10 is a square hole matched with the other end of the second bracket 12 , and one end of the swing rod 10 is sleeved outside the other end of the second bracket 12 . Alternatively, one end of the swing rod 10 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second bracket 12 . The frame on which the louver blade 20 is installed is surrounded by four frames, up and down, left and right, to form a frame structure.

The connecting rod 11 is arranged in parallel with the right frame, the two adjacent swing rods 10 are arranged in parallel, and a plurality of swing rods 10 are arranged between the connecting rod 11 and the right frame. The connecting rod 11, the right frame and the two adjacent The pendulum rods form a parallelogram structure. The plane where the connecting rod 11 and the right frame are located is perpendicular to the length direction of the shutter blade 20 . Preferably the link 11 is located above the outside of the right frame. Specifically, the other end of the second bracket 12 passes through the right frame.

The output end of the piston drives the connecting rod 11 , so that the swing rod 10 rotates around the length direction of the second bracket 12 and drives the second bracket 12 to rotate.

Specifically, the transmission connection is performed through the push rod 8 , one end of the push rod 8 is rotatably connected with the output end of the piston, and the other end of the push rod 8 is rotatably connected with the end of the connecting rod 11 .

The axial direction of the piston is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod 11 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a second pin 9 and an active pendulum rod. The pendulum rod 10 located at the end of the connecting rod 11 and close to the piston is set as an active pendulum rod, that is, the first pendulum close to the piston. The rod is an active sway rod.

The second pin 9 travels through the other end of the push rod 8 , the end of the connecting rod 11 and the other end of the active swing rod 10 , that is, one vertex of the parallelogram. The axial direction of the second pin shaft 9 is parallel to the axial direction of the second bracket 12 .

When in use, the paraffin temperature sensing element 5 is installed on the paraffin mounting frame 2 by the cover plate 4 through the first screw 1; the paraffin mounting frame 2 is connected to the heat dissipation surface 15 through the second screw 3; the joint 6 is connected with the output end of the piston through the thread. The other end of the joint 6 is connected with the push rod 8 through the first pin 7; the other end of the push rod 8 is connected with the active swing rod and the connecting rod 11 through the second pin 9; The connecting rods 11 are connected through a third pin shaft 13 ; the swing rod 10 and the second bracket 12 are matched through a square hole. The advantage of matching through the square holes is that the two do not need to be fixed together, and the matching of the square holes can simultaneously play the role of connection and transmission of motion. The first pin 7 connects the joint 6 and the push rod 8, and the second pin 9 connects the connecting rod 11, the swing rod 10 and the push rod 8. Since the shutter consists of many blades, each blade must be connected to the swing rod. The opening and closing are realized under the driving of 10 , so the remaining swing bars except the active swing bar are connected with the remaining connecting holes of the connecting rod 11 by the third pin shaft 13 . The piston pushes the push rod 8 to produce a plane motion. The push rod 8, the active swing rod and the connecting rod 11 are connected by a rotating pair. The push rod 8 pushes the connecting rod 11 to perform plane motion, and the connecting rod 11 drives the swing rod 10 to swing around its center of rotation. , Because the square hole is matched between the swing rod 10 and the second bracket 12, the movement and torque can be transmitted, so the shutter hinge 20 can be driven to open and close.

The frame of the shutter is a split structure, including the upper frame 16 of the shutter and the lower frame 17 of the shutter. The frame of the shutter supports the first bracket 18 and the second bracket 12 rotatably through two bearings 19, respectively. Specifically, the second bracket 12 is matched with the inner ring of the bearing 19 ; the second bracket 12 and the shutter blade 20 are fixedly connected by the fourth pin 21 ; the other end of the shutter blade 20 and the first bracket 18 are fixed by the fourth pin 21 The first bracket 18 is matched with the inner ring of the bearing 19; the outer ring of the bearing 19 is matched with the upper frame 16 of the shutter and the lower frame 17 of the shutter;

The working principle is as follows: the excess heat generated by the spacecraft payload can be transferred to the outer cylindrical surface of the paraffin temperature sensing element cylinder by a heat circuit such as a heat conduction lock or a heat pipe, and the solid paraffin in the paraffin temperature sensing element will be heated and melted to produce phase change expansion, Push the piston to generate linear motion, the piston pushes the push rod 8 to generate plane motion, the push rod 8, the swing rod 10 and the connecting rod 11 are connected by a rotating pair, the push rod 8 pushes the connecting rod 11 to make a plane motion, and the connecting rod 11 drives the swing rod 10 Swings around its center of rotation. The linear motion is transformed into the swing of the pendulum rod 10 through the push rod 8 and the connecting rod 11, and the pendulum rod 10 drives the second bracket 12 to rotate, increasing the opening and closing angle of the thermal control shutter blades, dissipating the heat to the cold and black In the same way, when the temperature decreases, the paraffin undergoes a liquid-solid phase transition, the volume becomes smaller, the piston is reset under the action of the spring 30, and the opening and closing angle of the thermal control shutter blade is reduced, which plays the role of heat preservation.

The self-adaptive thermal-control shutter adjustment mechanism can adjust the opening and closing of the shutter adaptively according to the temperature level of the spacecraft without electrical control, so as to achieve the purpose of independently adjusting the viewing angle coefficient of the heat dissipation surface of the spacecraft. Specifically, the physical parameters of paraffin, such as the first phase transition point (the temperature at which melting begins), the second phase transition point (the temperature at which complete melting), viscosity, density, and other parameters that affect melting, are artificially adjusted. Then through the thermal control experiment, it can be found that there is a good linearity in the phase transition temperature range (the abscissa is the temperature, and the ordinate is the extension displacement of the paraffin temperature sensing element). The relationship between the curve relationship and the design target (the relationship between the spacecraft temperature and the area of the heat dissipation surface) and then designing the rotating parts can realize the control of the spacecraft temperature level. In addition, physical factors such as friction at the sliding seal can be further considered, and the friction force can be measured through experiments, and then the physical properties of the paraffin material, the spring stiffness coefficient, and the volume of paraffin can be comprehensively considered. The temperature element is calibrated, so that the relationship between the extension displacement of the paraffin temperature sensing element and the temperature can be accurately obtained, and the adaptive control of the temperature level of the spacecraft can be realized. The paraffin temperature sensing element 5 can convert the temperature change information into force and displacement information and output it, and can replace the stepping motor for driving, which effectively avoids the problem of failure of the stepping motor, reduces the weight, and increases the payload of the satellite. The invention is an indispensable thermal control technology for spacecraft to conduct extraterrestrial planet exploration and deep space exploration, and is of great significance to the field of spacecraft thermal control technology in my country.

The invention discloses an adaptive adjustment mechanism for thermal control shutters based on paraffin temperature sensing elements, which can adaptively adjust the viewing angle coefficient of the thermal control shutters according to the temperature level of the spacecraft to realize temperature control of the spacecraft.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed to limit the present invention. Variations, modifications, substitutions, and alterations to the above-described embodiments can be made by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

The above specific embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Paraffin temperature sensing element, is characterized in that, comprises cylinder body, piston, paraffin wax and spring that are all placed in described cylinder body; the paraffin is sealed in the cylinder by the input end of the piston; The output end of the piston protrudes from the open end of the cylinder body, and the input end thereof is slidably connected with the cylinder body; the spring abuts between the input end of the piston and the open end of the cylinder; The solid paraffin wax is heated and melted to produce phase change expansion, which drives the piston to move linearly. 2. The paraffin temperature sensing element according to claim 1, further comprising an overflow hole and a sealing screw; The cylinder head end of the cylinder body is provided with the overflow hole communicating with the paraffin, and the sealing screw is used to open or close the overflow hole. 3 . The paraffin temperature sensing element according to claim 1 , wherein at least one Gray ring is provided on the circumference of the input end of the piston, and the Gray ring is used for the connection between the piston and the cylinder. 4 . Sliding seal. 4 . The paraffin temperature sensing element according to claim 1 , further comprising a limit nut threadedly connected with the output end of the piston. 5 . 5. A shutter adjustment mechanism utilizing the paraffin temperature sensing element according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for thermal control, characterized in that it comprises a driving part and a rotating part; The drive component is the paraffin temperature sensing element described in any one of claims 1-4; the driving part is drivingly connected to the rotating part so as to realize that the rotating part controls the opening and closing of the shutter blades; The louver is installed on the heat dissipation surface, and the heat dissipation surface dissipates heat through the louver blades. 6 . The shutter adjustment mechanism according to claim 5 , wherein the rotating member comprises a connecting rod, a first bracket, a second bracket and a swing rod that are all in the same number as the shutter blades; 6 . One end of the shutter blade is fixedly connected with the first bracket, and the left frame of the shutter rotates to support the first bracket; The other end of the shutter blade is fixedly connected with one end of the second bracket, and the right frame of the shutter rotates to support the second bracket; One end of the swing rod is connected to the other end of the second bracket, and the other end of the swing rod is rotatably connected to the connecting rod; the connecting rod is arranged in parallel with the right frame, and the two adjacent swing rods are arranged in parallel; The output end of the piston is drivingly connected to the connecting rod, so that the axial rotation of the pendulum rod around the second bracket drives the second bracket to rotate. 7 . The shutter adjustment mechanism according to claim 6 , further comprising a push rod, one end of the push rod is rotatably connected to the output end of the piston, and the other end of the push rod is connected to the connecting rod. 8 . The end of the rotating connection; The axial direction of the piston is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod. 8 . The shutter adjustment mechanism according to claim 7 , further comprising a second pin shaft and an active swing rod, and the swing rod located at the end of the connecting rod and close to the piston is set as the active swing rod. 9 . rod; The second pin is movable through the other end of the push rod, the end of the connecting rod and the active swing rod. 9 . The shutter adjustment mechanism according to claim 6 , wherein the cross section of the other end of the second bracket is square, and one end of the swing rod is a square hole matched with the other end of the second bracket. 10 . , one end of the swing rod is sleeved outside the other end of the second bracket. 10 . The shutter adjustment mechanism according to claim 6 , wherein one end of the swing rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the second bracket. 11 .

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