CN114361770A - Differential feed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna - Google Patents
Differential feed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114361770A CN114361770A CN202210018087.XA CN202210018087A CN114361770A CN 114361770 A CN114361770 A CN 114361770A CN 202210018087 A CN202210018087 A CN 202210018087A CN 114361770 A CN114361770 A CN 114361770A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 101710095244 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein 3, chloroplastic Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710127489 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein of LHCII type 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710184917 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein of LHCII type I, chloroplastic Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a differential feed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna, which comprises an antenna radiator, a dielectric substrate and a ground plane, wherein the antenna radiator is arranged on the dielectric substrate; the antenna radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the ground plane is arranged on the lower surface of the medium substrate; the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation assembly and a second radiation assembly, and the first radiation assembly and the second radiation assembly are orthogonal; the first radiation assembly comprises a first connecting line, the second radiation assembly comprises a second connecting line, and the first connecting line and the second connecting line can be adjusted respectively; the antenna radiator adopts differential feed. The antenna radiator has the advantages of small physical size, integration and the like, and can realize circular polarization radiation by adding a pair of orthogonal double-ring structures on the basis of the original double-ring antenna, controlling the length of a feeder line and adopting differential feed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a differential feed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna.
Background
In recent years, wireless communication technology has been rapidly developed, and antennas have been developed as important devices in wireless communication systems in the direction of miniaturization, multi-polarization, high gain, and the like. The circularly polarized antenna can reduce polarization mismatch and inhibit multipath fading, and is widely applied to the fields of radar, radio frequency identification and the like. There is also a lot of work in the direction of circularly polarized antennas at home and abroad.
Chinese patent publication No. CN113725612A discloses a differential feed cross-polarized high-gain antenna, which includes a radiation surface, a reflection surface, and a feed network disposed between the radiation surface and the reflection surface, wherein the feed network is set as one group or two orthogonal groups; the feed network comprises a one-to-two differential power divider, the differential power divider comprises two branches, the two branches respectively comprise two double-strip lines, the two double-strip lines are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction, the tail ends of the two double-strip lines are respectively provided with a feed probe coupled with the radiation surface, the two feed probes are respectively connected with the positive and negative surfaces of the two double-strip lines, the phase difference of the two feed probes is 180 degrees, the radiation surface is arranged to be an axisymmetric surface, and the two feed probes are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the radiation surface.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that there is a lot of work and practical application of the circular loop antenna, but there is no report on the circular polarized microstrip loop antenna formed by the orthogonal circular loop.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna with differential feeding.
The invention provides a differential feed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna, which comprises an antenna radiator, a dielectric substrate and a ground plane;
the antenna radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
the ground plane is arranged on the lower surface of the medium substrate;
the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation assembly and a second radiation assembly, and the first radiation assembly and the second radiation assembly are orthogonal;
the first radiation assembly comprises a first connecting line, the second radiation assembly comprises a second connecting line, and the first connecting line and the second connecting line can be adjusted respectively;
the antenna radiator adopts differential feed.
Preferably, the antenna radiator and the ground plane are respectively parallel to the dielectric substrate.
Preferably, the ground plane comprises copper cladding.
Preferably, the first radiation assembly includes a plurality of first radiators, and the first radiators are connected to the first connection line;
the second radiation assembly comprises a plurality of second radiation bodies, and the second radiation bodies are connected with the second connecting lines;
the first connecting line and the second connecting line are correspondingly orthogonal.
Preferably, the first radiator and the second radiator each include a ring structure.
Preferably, the first radiator and the second radiator include a ring structure.
Preferably, the antenna radiator adopts differential dual-port coaxial feed.
Preferably, the circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna further comprises a probe;
the probe is positioned at the joint of the first radiation component and the second radiation component, penetrates through the dielectric substrate and is used for radiation excitation.
Preferably, the antenna radiator is centrosymmetric.
Preferably, the probe is rotationally symmetric.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the antenna radiator has the advantages of small physical size, integration and the like;
2. the invention adds a pair of orthogonal double-ring structures on the basis of the original double-ring antenna, controls the length of a feeder line, and can realize circular polarization radiation by adopting differential feed;
3. the invention is designed on a single-layer substrate, has the advantage of simple structure and simultaneously has higher gain.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna provided in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the variation of the differential reflection coefficient with frequency of the differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the axial ratio of the differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to the present invention varying with frequency;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the gain of the differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to the present invention as a function of frequency;
FIG. 5 is an xoz plane gain pattern at 20GHz for the differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 shows the yoz plane gain pattern of the differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna provided by the present invention at 20 GHz.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a differential feed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna, which comprises an antenna radiator, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane and a plurality of probes, as shown in figure 1. The antenna radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the ground plane is arranged on the lower surface of the medium substrate. The antenna radiator and the ground plane are respectively parallel to the dielectric substrate. The antenna radiator comprises a plurality of first radiation assemblies and second radiation assemblies; the first radiating element and the second radiating element are orthogonal. The first radiation assembly comprises a plurality of first radiation bodies and a plurality of first connecting lines, and the first radiation bodies are connected with the first connecting lines; the second radiation assembly comprises a plurality of second radiation bodies and a plurality of second connecting lines, and the second radiation bodies are connected with the second connecting lines; the first connecting line and the second connecting line are correspondingly orthogonal. The first connecting line and the second connecting line can be adjusted respectively. The first radiator and the second radiator respectively comprise an annular structure. The first radiator and the second radiator comprise circular ring structures. The antenna radiator adopts differential dual-port coaxial feed. The probe is positioned at the joint of the first radiation component and the second radiation component, penetrates through the dielectric substrate and is used for radiation excitation. The antenna radiator is centrosymmetric; the probe is rotationally symmetrical.
Specifically, the antenna radiator is arranged in parallel on the upper surface (top layer) of the dielectric substrate, and the ground plane is arranged in parallel on the lower surface (bottom layer) of the dielectric substrate. The antenna radiator comprises two orthogonal sets of double-ring structures, namely a pair of orthogonal double rings (not limited to a circle, but also a square, etc.). The double-ring structure comprises two rings and two parallel feeder lines, and the two rings are connected with the two parallel feeder lines. The circular ring is directly connected with the feeder lines, the two groups of orthogonal feeder lines are connected with each other, the antenna radiator body is coated with copper by metal on the top layer of the dielectric substrate, and the ground plane is coated with copper by metal on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate. The radiator is centrosymmetric. Two orthogonal sets of double circular loop antennas are connected to each other. The antenna radiator adopts coaxial feed.
The horizontal ring (first radiator) has an inner radius Rin1 of 1.75mm and an outer radius Rout1 of 2.7 mm. The inner radius of the vertical ring (second radiator) is Rin 2-1.55 mm, and the outer radius is Rout 2-2.7 mm.
The lengths of the feeder line parts of the two groups of circular rings are respectively L1-2.6 mm, and L2-1.8 mm; the widths of the feeding parts are respectively W1-0.98 mm and W2-0.9 mm; the distance g between the feed lines is 0.3 mm. The first connecting line and the second connecting line are feeder lines respectively. L1 denotes the length of the first connection line, and L2 denotes the length of the second connection line. W1 denotes the width of the second connection line, and W2 denotes the width of the first connection line. L1 and L2 are different lengths to form circularly polarized radiation.
The antenna radiator adopts differential dual-port coaxial feed. The number of the probes is two, the probes are positioned at the joint of the two groups of orthogonal circular rings and penetrate through the dielectric substrate for radiation excitation. The differential feed is equal in amplitude, the first port excites 0 degrees, and the second port excites 180 degrees. The probe is connected with the circular ring, penetrates through the dielectric substrate and is used for differential feed excitation; the diameter d of the probe is 0.4 mm. The feed probe is rotationally symmetric, providing differential feed.
The thickness t of the dielectric substrate is 0.787mm, the dielectric substrate is square, the side length Sl of the dielectric substrate is 20mm, the dielectric constant epsilon of the dielectric substrate is 2.2, and the loss angle tan delta of the dielectric substrate is 0.0009.
r
The ground plane is the copper-coated part on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the ring on the upper surface is used as a radiator. The ground plane and the circular ring structure form a microstrip structure, and the microstrip structure transmits current. Port1 represents a first Port and Port2 represents a second Port. The probe is the actual physical form of the port.
Let the rectangular space coordinate system o-xyz include: origin o, x-axis, y-axis, z-axis; the dielectric substrate is parallel to the xoy surface of the space rectangular coordinate system o-xyz. The working process of the antenna is that when the antenna is fed differentially, half-wave resonance is formed by two groups of orthogonal double-ring structures, current in the vertical direction is generated on the parallel double-ring along the x axis, and current in the horizontal direction is generated on the vertical double-ring along the y axis. By adjusting the sizes of L1 and L2, that is, by reasonably designing and optimizing the lengths of the feed lines L1 and L2 (adjusting the length of L1 to be larger than the length of L2 by a size corresponding to about a quarter wavelength), the orthogonal circular rings are advanced in phase one at the central frequency point and delayed in phase the other, and when the phase difference reaches 90 degrees and the amplitude is almost unchanged, circularly polarized radiation is generated at the central frequency point.
The invention improves the circular antenna and applies the circular antenna to realize the circular polarization function. For a circularly polarized working antenna of a wireless communication system, the present embodiment designs a circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna with differential feeding, which can be used in the wireless communication system. The antenna works in a K wave band, can be optimally designed, and covers a specific frequency band. The antenna realizes the left-hand circular polarization radiation of the K wave band, can also be optimally designed, and realizes the right-hand circular polarization radiation. The antenna mainly comprises a radiator, a dielectric substrate metal ground plane, a differential coaxial feed and other structures. The K band is a band lower than the IEEE 521-2002 standard, and the K band is usually 18GHz to 26.5 GHz. The English is called K-band.
The antenna radiator is formed by connecting two groups of orthogonal double-ring structures. The double-circular-ring structure is composed of two circular rings and two feeder lines. In the central frequency band, the circumference of the ring is approximately equal to the wavelength, and a single ring can be regarded as an array of two half-wave resonant dipoles. The straight microstrip line plays a role in transmission, and the circular ring is used for radiation. The schematic diagram of the differentially fed circularly polarized loop antenna according to the above embodiment is shown in fig. 1.
The second embodiment of the invention also provides a circularly polarized loop antenna with differential feed, which can be used for a wireless communication system. The volume of the antenna is only 20mm multiplied by 0.787mm, and the antenna can cover a 20GHz frequency band.
As shown in fig. 1, the physical structure of the circularly polarized loop antenna with differential feeding is schematically shown. The antenna consists of 4 circular rings. The dielectric substrate adopts Rogers 5880 with the thickness of 0.787mm, and the length and the width of a ground plane are 20 multiplied by 20 mm. And adopting dual-port coaxial differential feeding. Fig. 2, 3 and 4 show the differential reflection coefficient, axial ratio and gain of the antenna as a function of frequency. Fig. 2 shows that the-10 dB bandwidth of the antenna is 19.2GHz-20.5GHz, | Sd11| represents the differential reflection coefficient, and Frequency represents Frequency. FIG. 3 shows that the axial ratio of the antenna is less than 3dB between 19.8GHz and 20.2GHz, which shows that the antenna has good circular polarization characteristic, wherein AR is called axial ratio in English and Chinese translation is axial ratio. Fig. 4 shows that the antenna generates left-hand circular polarization in the operating band while having a high gain; LHCP is entirely called Left-hand circular polarization Gain in English, and Chinese translation is Left-hand circular polarization Gain. RHCP Gain is called Right-hand circular polarization Gain in English, and the Chinese translation is Right-hand circular polarization Gain. Gain is the Chinese translation of Gain. Fig. 5 and 6 show the gain patterns of the xoz plane and the yoz plane at 20GHz, and fig. 5 and 6 show that the antenna has good circular polarization characteristics at 20GHz while having symmetrical beams; the @20GHz in fig. 5 and 6 indicates a time at 20 GHz. Rogers 5880 is a Rogers model 5880 board.
The antenna adopts dual-port differential feed, and a pair of orthogonal circular rings is added on the basis of the original double-ring antenna, so that circular polarization radiation can be formed through self phase shift.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna with differential feed is characterized by comprising an antenna radiator, a dielectric substrate and a ground plane;
the antenna radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
the ground plane is arranged on the lower surface of the medium substrate;
the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation assembly and a second radiation assembly, and the first radiation assembly and the second radiation assembly are orthogonal;
the first radiation assembly comprises a first connecting line, the second radiation assembly comprises a second connecting line, and the first connecting line and the second connecting line can be adjusted respectively;
the antenna radiator adopts differential feed.
2. The differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to claim 1 wherein the antenna radiator and ground plane are each parallel to the dielectric substrate.
3. The differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to claim 1 wherein the ground plane comprises copper cladding.
4. The differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first radiating element comprises a plurality of first radiators, and the first radiators are connected to the first connecting line;
the second radiation assembly comprises a plurality of second radiation bodies, and the second radiation bodies are connected with the second connecting lines;
the first connecting line and the second connecting line are correspondingly orthogonal.
5. The differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to claim 4, wherein the first radiator and the second radiator each comprise a ring structure.
6. The differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to claim 5, wherein the first and second radiators comprise a circular ring structure.
7. The differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to claim 1 wherein the antenna radiators are fed differentially dual port coaxially.
8. The differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to claim 1 further comprising a probe;
the probe is positioned at the joint of the first radiation component and the second radiation component, penetrates through the dielectric substrate and is used for radiation excitation.
9. The differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to claim 1 wherein the antenna radiators are centrosymmetric.
10. The differentially fed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna according to claim 8 wherein the probe is rotationally symmetric.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210018087.XA CN114361770B (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-01-07 | Differential feed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna |
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| CN202210018087.XA CN114361770B (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-01-07 | Differential feed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna |
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