CN114369567B - 牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法及培养液 - Google Patents
牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法及培养液 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞(bEPSC)的建系方法及培养液,该胚胎干细胞产品从牛胚胎中分离、诱导得到,并能够稳定传代培养。该胚胎干细胞具有全能性、稳定性和安全性,可用于牛(乳用品种、肉用品种、兼用品种或役用品种等)育种繁育、基因编辑、动物克隆、医学模型、药物开发载体和诱导生产牛生殖配子等多种生命科学以及医学领域的应用,并可以进行大规模生产应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于细胞生物学和分子生物学技术领域,具体涉及一种牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法及培养液。
背景技术
胚胎干细胞(ESCs)是早期胚胎(原肠胚期之前)或原始性腺中分离出来的一类细胞,它具有体外培养无限增殖、自我更新和多向分化的特性。无论在体外还是体内环境,胚胎干细胞都能被诱导分化为机体几乎所有的细胞类型,现存的干细胞系对发育、疾病和治疗研究已经非常有用。然而,两种当前可用的干细胞系---胚胎干细胞(ESC)和诱导性多能干细胞(ipsC)具有某些限制,它们还不可能分化为每种细胞类型,因此在产生某些细胞类型时,它们被排除在外。
2017年,中国、美国、英国、日本和澳大利亚的研究人员首次在小鼠中构建出潜能扩展性干细胞(Expanded Potential Stem Cells,EPSC),它们比当前的干细胞系具有更大的发育潜力。这些干细胞具有发育中的胚胎内的最初细胞的特征,而且能够发育成任何一种细胞类型。这些研究人员发现他们新培养的细胞保持着这些最初的细胞的发育特征,因而将它们称为EPSC。重要的是,他们也能够在一种新的条件下将小鼠ESC和ipsC重编程为EPSC,从而让它们的发育时钟返回到这些最初的细胞类型。当受精卵发育为胚泡(blastocyst,也译作囊胚)时,它产生将形成胚胎(ESC就来自胚胎)的细胞和两种其他的将产生胎盘或卵黄囊的细胞类型。利用胚泡中的这三种细胞类型就可能建立三种不同类型的干细胞,包括ESC。EPSC是首个能够产生所有这三种胚泡干细胞类型的干细胞,这就使得它们具有更大的发育潜力。
目前研究多以小鼠为研究对象,已经成功建立了小鼠(Establishment inculture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos[J].Nature,1981,292(5819):154-156.)、大鼠(Germline Competent Embryonic Stem Cells Derived from RatBlastocysts[J].Cell,2008,135(7):1299-1310.)、猕猴(Proceedings of the NationalAcademy of Sciences of the United States of America,1995,92(17):7844-7848.)猪(Establishment of porcine and human expanded potential stem cells[J].NatureCell Biology,2019,21(6):687-699.)和人(Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Derived fromHuman Blastocysts[J].Science,1998,282(5391):1145-1147.)的胚胎干细胞细胞系。
虽然牛羊等大家畜的胚胎干细胞研究报道比较多,但是仍没有成功建立符合具有生殖细胞嵌合能力的胚胎干细胞细胞系。李荣风等(Establishment of bovinetrophoblast stem-Like cells from In vitro-produced blastocyst-stage embryosusing two inhibitors[J].Stem Cells and Development,2014,23(13):1501-1514.)研究报道从附植前的胚胎细胞中获得牛滋养层干细胞(BTSCs),该细胞注射NOD-SCID小鼠能形成畸胎瘤,并在体外分化成胎盘样细胞。吴侠等(Establishment of bovine embryonicstem cells after knockdown of CDX2[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6(1):28343-28343.)从CDX2敲出的胚胎中获得牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞(CDX2-KD bESCs),具有体内外分化能力,但没有形成嵌合体。赵丽霞等(Characterization of the single-cellderived bovine induced pluripotent stem cells[J].Tissue&Cell,2017,49(5):521-527)转入牛源四因子Oct4、Sox2、Klf4、cMyc到牛体细胞中获得具有三胚层分化能力的牛诱导多功能干细胞。Yanina Soledad Bogliotti等(Efficient derivation of stableprimed pluripotent embryonic stem cells from bovine blastocysts[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ofAmerica,2018,115(9):2090-2095.)从牛胚胎中获得了激发态胚胎干细胞(primedbESCs),该干细胞没有报道形成嵌合体,其全能性不如小鼠原始态胚胎干细胞(naivemESCs)。
发明内容
本发明提供一种牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法及培养液,首次从附植前的牛胚胎中高效率分离、诱导出牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞(bEPSCs),该干细胞能在体外和嵌合体中向胚胎和胚胎外组织分化,具有全能性、稳定性和安全性。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:一种牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法,其特征在于:它包括以下步骤:取牛体外受精后第六天胚胎,用BO-WASH培养基冲洗两次,接种于提前解冻好的牛成纤维细胞的饲养层细胞上,在添加10μM Y-27632的细胞因子培养液培养;第5天后观察细胞长出,换成细胞因子培养液;隔天换液,第12到14天构建成牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞系,其中,Y-27632结构式为:
优选地,所述饲养层细胞的制备方法为:解冻牛成纤维细胞,待细胞汇合度达到80%以上,按照1:16进行细胞传代;待细胞的汇合度再次达到80%时,添加10μg/ml的丝裂霉素于培养箱中培养2.5-3h;胰酶消化后用牛成纤维细胞培养液中止消化,离心并去上清,用含10%DMSO、10%胎牛血清和80%牛成纤维细胞培养液的培养液重悬并冻存为饲养层细胞。
优选地,所述牛成纤维细胞培养液是在DMEM培养基中,添加10%胎牛血清,1×谷氨酰胺,1×非必需氨基酸,1×青链霉素。
优选地,所述牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的传代包括以下步骤:当牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的汇合度达到80%时,胰酶消化后用K10培养液中止消化,按1:2或1:4隔日传代。
优选地,所述K10培养液是在F12/DMEM培养基中,添加10%KSR,1×谷氨酰胺,1×非必需氨基酸,1×青链霉素。
优选地,所述牛的种类选自乳用品种、肉用品种、兼用品种或役用品种。
优选地,所述细胞因子培养液包括:(1)有效量的成纤维细胞生长因子或其等效物;(2)有效量的一种或多种Wnt信号通路抑制剂;(3)有效量的GSK-3α/β信号通路抑制剂;(4)有效量的Lck/Src信号通路抑制剂;(5)有效量的Activin A蛋白或其等效物。
优选地,所述Wnt信号通路抑制剂为IWR-1、XAV-939、ICG-001、Wnt-C59、LGK-974、LF3、CP21R7、NCB-0846、PNU-74654SKL2001、KY02111、IWP-2、IWP-L6、FH535、WIKI4、PRI-724、IQ-l、KYA1797K、C59、ETC-159、G007-LK、G244-LM中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述GSK-3α/β信号通路抑制剂为CHIR99021、B216763、AT7519、CHIR-98014、TWS119、Tideglusib、SB415286、AZD2858、AZD1080、AR-A014418、TDZD-8、LY2090314、2-D08、6-溴靛玉红-3'-丙酮肟(BIO-acetoxime)、IM-12、1-氮杂坎帕罗酮(1-Azakenpaullone)、靛玉红(Indirubin)或ATP抑制剂Bikinin。
优选地,所述Lck/Src信号通路抑制剂为WH-4-023、达沙替尼(Dasatinib)、塞卡替尼(Saracatinib)、普纳替尼(Ponatinib)、SKI-606,Src抑制剂KX2-391(Tirbanibulin)、NVP-BHG712、PP2或PP121。
一种牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法用细胞因子bEPSCM培养液,其组成为:
mTeSRTM1
100X青链霉素
0.1mM 2-巯基乙醇
1μM CHIR99021
0.3μM WH-4-023
5μM XAV939 or 5μM IWR-1
50μg/ml vitamin C
10ng/ml LIF
20.0ng/ml Activin A
其中,IWR-1结构式为:
CHIR99021结构式为:
WH-4-023结构式为:
XAV939结构式为:
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)首次从附植前的牛胚胎中高效率分离、诱导出牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞(bEPSCs);
(2)构建的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞,具有全能性、稳定性和安全性;
(3)利用该方法的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞建系效率快并能够在体外稳定传代;
(4)该干细胞能在体外和嵌合体中向胚胎和胚胎外组织分化;
(5)该方法制备的胚胎干细胞能够用于育种繁育、基因编辑、动物克隆、医学模型、药物开发载体和诱导生产牛生殖配子等多种生命科学以及医学领域。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞。
图2是本发明所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞AP染色图片。
图3是本发明所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞多能基因检测图片。
图4是本发明所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞畸胎瘤图片。
图5是本发明所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞嵌合体图片。
具体实施方式
实施例1
饲养层细胞的制备及培养
1.1饲养层细胞的制备:
解冻牛成纤维细胞(BEF),BEF培养液为含有10%FBS(BI)、1×谷氨酰胺、1×非必需氨基酸、1×青链霉素的Knockout DMEM培养基。待细胞汇合度达到80%以上,按照1:16进行细胞传代。待细胞的汇合度再次达到80%时,添加10μg/ml的丝裂霉素于培养箱中培养2.5-3h。胰酶消化后用BEF培养液中止消化,离心并去上清,用含10%DMSO、10%胎牛血清和80%BEF培养液的培养液重悬并冻存为饲养层细胞。
1.2饲养层细胞的培养:
实验前一天,解冻饲养层细胞并将其接种于铺有0.1%明胶的培养皿中用BEF培养液培养。
实施例2
牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系、传代及冻存
2.1牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系:
取牛体外受精后第六天胚胎,用BO-WASH培养基(BIOSCIENCE)冲洗两次,在提前解冻好的饲养层细胞上培养。培养条件为添加10μM Y-27632的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞细胞因子bEPSCM培养液,该培养液含有100×青链霉素、0.1mM 2-巯基乙醇、1μM CHIR99021(Tocris,cat.no.4423)、0.3μM WH-4-023(Tocris,cat.no.5413)、5μM XAV939(Sigma,cat.no.X3004)or 5μM IWR-1(Tocris,cat.no.3532)、50μg/ml vitamin C(Sigma,cat.no.49752-100G)、10ng/ml LIF(Millipore)、20.0ng/ml Activin A(R&D)、mTeSRTM1(STEMCELL)培养基,其中,IWR-1、XAV939是一种Wnt通路抑制剂;CHIR99021为GSK3i抑制剂;WH-4-023是一种有效的Lck/Src抑制剂。
其中,Y-27632结构式为:
IWR-1结构式为:
CHIR99021结构式为:
WH-4-023结构式为:
XAV939结构式为:
第5天后观察细胞长出换成bEPSCM培养液。隔天换液,第12到14天牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞建系制备成功。细胞建系形态结果见图1,本发明所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞克隆形态良好界限清晰。细胞系建系效率结果见表1,其中荷斯坦牛干细胞建系效率为30%、安格斯牛为36.4%、蒙贝利亚牛为18.2%。
表1.本发明所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞不同品种牛的建系效率结果
牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞快速高效的建系效率为干细胞产业化应用提供了有力支撑。单细胞建系效率见表2,该干细胞40.9%的单细胞建系率快速的提高了细胞基因编辑及筛选的工作效率。
表2.本发明所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞单细胞建系效率结果
2.2牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的传代培养:
待牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的汇合度达到80%时,胰酶消化后用K10培养液中止消化,按1:2或1:4隔日传代。K10培养液含有10%KSR(GIBCO)、1×谷氨酰胺、1×非必需氨基酸、1×青链霉素的F12/DMEM培养基。
2.3牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的冻存:
待牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的汇合度达到80%时,胰酶消化后用K10培养液中止消化。离心并去上清,经含10%DMSO、90%胎牛血清和培养液重悬并冻存。
实施例3
牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的检测
3.1牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞AP染色:
牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞培养汇合度达到80%时,将样品细胞经柠檬酸盐(citrate)-丙酮(acetone)–甲醛(formaldehyde)固定后,按照碱性磷酸酶染色试剂盒[theAlkaline Phosphatase Kit(Sigma-Aldrich)]的操作说明严格进行。室温避光反应30-40分钟,镜检。检测结果见图2,AP染色结果显示碱性磷酸酶活性很强,该胚胎干细胞处于未分化状态。
3.2牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞多能基因检测:
参照Qiagen公司的RNeasy Mini Kit提取方法获得牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的总RNA,并用RNase-Free水溶解。取其中1.8μl用于测量RNA的浓度和纯度后,吸取1μg RNA利用Qiagen公司的QuantiTect Reverse Transcription Kit试剂盒反转录合成20μl(50ng/μl)cDNA并用于定量PCR检测牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞多能基因OCT4,SOX2和Nanog的表达。
实时定量PCR(Q-PCR)的反应条件如下:94℃反应30s,60℃反应30s,and 68℃反应30s循环反应30次。在所有的Q-PCR实验中,用到的Taqman Probe(Assay ID:Mm01232884_ml)和荧光定量PCR仪(9700HT Fast Real-Time PCR System)均购于Applied Biosciences公司。基因表达量的计算应用ΔCt算法,内参为GAPDH。检测结果见图3,如图所示牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞多能性基因的检测表达高于牛囊胚。
3.3牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞畸胎瘤实验
收集牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞1×106个到15ml离心管,1300rpm离心3min,弃上清,加500μl PBS吹悬,将细胞悬液吸入到1ml注射器。将免疫缺陷鼠从鼠房取出,请专业人员将小鼠用手固定抓牢,露出大腿,在大腿外侧先擦碘酒,再擦酒精,然后大腿外侧皮下注射细胞悬液。放回IVC系统照看小鼠,一个月后观察小鼠大腿是否长出肿瘤,当肿瘤有豌豆大时,将小鼠解剖,肿瘤取出,用固定液固定好后做组织切片苏木精-伊红染色(Hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE),判断细胞是否具有向三胚层组织细胞分化的潜能。如图4所示该干细胞具有异种三胚层分化能力。
3.4牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞嵌合体实验
每个牛囊胚胚胎,使用压电式细胞破膜仪将胚胎透明带打孔后,在透明带下注入5~10个带有H2B-CAG-tdtomato标记的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞,注射后的胚胎转移至KSOM和bEPSCM混合培养基(1:1)中培养24小时后移植入怀孕7天假孕受体牛子宫角内,每侧子宫移植1枚胚胎。在移植后第23-30天,通过超声和快速妊娠试剂盒(IDEXX,99-41369)诊断妊娠。在胚胎发育的第32-73天分离胎儿以检查嵌合结果。
嵌合检测结果见图5,如图所示将细胞注射到牛囊胚中能形成嵌合体,在胚体和胚外组织中均能检测到标记荧光,该干细胞具有同种胎儿组织嵌合能力。
本发明提供了一种牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法及培养液,结合实施例加以具体说明,实施例中所述的原料均为市售原料,相关领域的人员完全可以根据本发明提供的方法进行适当改动或变更与组合,来实现该技术。需要特别说明的是,所有这些通过对本发明提供的系统进行相类似的改动或变更与重新组合,都被视为在本发明的保护范围和内容中。
Claims (5)
1.一种牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法,其特征在于,取牛体外受精后第六天胚胎,用BO-WASH培养基冲洗两次,接种于提前解冻好的牛成纤维细胞的饲养层细胞上,在添加10μM Y-27632的细胞因子培养液培养;第5天后观察细胞长出,换成细胞因子培养液;隔天换液,第12到14天构建成牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞系,其中,Y-27632结构式为:
所述细胞因子培养液的具体组分为:10μM Y-27632,100×青链霉素、0.1mM 2-巯基乙醇、1μM CHIR99021、0.3μM WH-4-023、5μMXAV939或5μM IWR-1、50μg/ml vitamin C、10ng/ml LIF、20.0ng/ml Activin A和mTeSRTM1培养基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法,其特征在于,所述饲养层细胞的制备方法为:解冻牛成纤维细胞,待细胞汇合度达到80%以上,按照1:16进行细胞传代;待细胞的汇合度再次达到80%时,添加10μg/ml的丝裂霉素于培养箱中培养2.5-3h;胰酶消化后用牛成纤维细胞培养液中止消化,离心并去上清,用含10%DMSO、10%胎牛血清和80%牛成纤维细胞培养液的培养液重悬并冻存为饲养层细胞。
3.根据权利要求2所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法,其特征在于:所述牛成纤维细胞培养液是在DMEM培养基中,添加10%胎牛血清,1×谷氨酰胺,1×非必需氨基酸,1×青链霉素。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞的建系方法,其特征在于:所述牛种类选自乳用品种、肉用品种、兼用品种或役用品种。
5.一种权利要求1-3任一所述牛扩展多能性胚胎干细胞建系方法用细胞因子培养液,其特征在于,所述细胞因子培养液的组成为:
mTeSRTM1;
100X青链霉素;
0.1mM 2-巯基乙醇;
10μM Y-27632;
1μM CHIR99021;
0.3μM WH-4-023;
5μM XAV939或5μM IWR-1;50μg/ml vitamin C;
10ng/ml LIF;
20.0ng/ml Activin A;
其中,Y-27632结构式为:
IWR-1结构式为:
CHIR99021结构式为:
WH-4-023结构式为:
XAV939结构式为:
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