CN114351188A - Method and device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and carbon dioxide capture - Google Patents
Method and device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and carbon dioxide capture Download PDFInfo
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- CN114351188A CN114351188A CN202210020204.6A CN202210020204A CN114351188A CN 114351188 A CN114351188 A CN 114351188A CN 202210020204 A CN202210020204 A CN 202210020204A CN 114351188 A CN114351188 A CN 114351188A
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide capture, wherein an electrolysis technology is utilized to form two parts of solution of acid and alkali under the action of a salt bridge, the alkaline solution adsorbs dedusted flue gas (carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide) and then is introduced into the air to oxidize sulfite into sulfate radical, the influence of the sulfur dioxide on a system is removed, and the sulfur dioxide is utilizedNeutralizing with acid solution generated in anode environment to release carbon dioxide. The invention utilizes the oxidation of air to solve SO2To CO2The influence of the capturing process realizes that the capturing process of the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is not influenced by the particulate matters and the sulfur dioxide; the electrolytic water is utilized to generate oxygen and green energy hydrogen, and the energy supplemented in the solvent regeneration process is reasonably utilized; in addition, green electricity (solar power generation/wind power generation and the like) can be utilized in the electrolysis process, so that the emission of indirect carbon dioxide in the regeneration process is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for capturing carbon dioxide, in particular to a method and a device for capturing carbon dioxide while electrolyzing water, belonging to the technical field of environment-friendly gas treatment.
Background
With the development of the world industrial economy, resource and environmental problems caused by carbon emissions have attracted extensive worldwide attention, and carbon dioxide has now been proven to be a major cause of global warming. To cope with global climate change, reducing carbon emissions has become a new consensus worldwide and "new norm" for the world economy. Based on the above, China also proposes a '3060' target of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, and the first step to realize the target is the capture and separation of carbon dioxide; meanwhile, with the development of hydrogen energy, the water electrolysis hydrogen production technology will become one of the main ways for obtaining hydrogen.
However, the existing carbon dioxide trapping process is complex and has strict applicable conditions, and meanwhile, the trapping of the flue gas is always difficult due to the fact that sulfur dioxide and particulate matters in the flue gas are used as main impurities, the concentration of the flue gas and the like, and meanwhile, the supplement of a large amount of energy in the regeneration process is also one of the reasons for restricting the development of the carbon trapping technology; meanwhile, the hydrogen production process by water electrolysis at the present stage mainly aims at hydrogen production, and the potential of solution change in the electrolysis process cannot be fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for combining water electrolysis hydrogen production with carbon dioxide capture, aiming at the defects of the existing carbon dioxide capture process and the water electrolysis hydrogen production process.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis combined with carbon dioxide capture comprises the following steps:
(1) electrolyzing water: injecting the same electrolyte into a cathode electrolytic cell and an anode electrolytic cell, communicating the cathode electrolytic cell and the anode electrolytic cell through a salt bridge, switching on a power supply to start electrolysis of a cathode and an anode, generating hydrogen in the cathode electrolytic cell, simultaneously changing the solution of the hydrogen into an alkaline solution, generating oxygen in the anode electrolytic cell, simultaneously changing the solution of the oxygen into an acidic solution, and respectively collecting the generated hydrogen and oxygen;
(2)CO2and SO2Absorption of (2): introducing the flue gas into a cathode electrolytic cell after dust removal, wherein CO in the flue gas2And SO2Is reacted and absorbed by alkaline solution in the cathode electrolytic cell until the absorption is saturated, and then the introduction of flue gas and CO is stopped2And SO2Separately form HCO3 -And SO3 2-；
(3) Air oxidation: blowing air into the cathode electrolytic cell, and utilizing oxygen to make SO3 2-Oxidation to SO4 2-Dissolving in electrolyte to make SO in flue gas2Is completely absorbed;
(4) releasing carbon dioxide: mixing the alkaline solution in the cathode electrolytic cell with the acid solution in the anode electrolytic cell to perform neutralization reaction, and absorbing CO2Is released and the trapped CO is collected2。
Further, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfate or nitrate, preferably, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfate, more preferably, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, and most preferably, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, and the concentration is 1-5 mol/L.
Further, the cathode and the anode are both inert electrodes, and preferably, the cathode and the anode are both graphite electrodes.
The method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) utilizes the oxidation of air to solve SO2To CO2The influence of the capturing process realizes that the capturing process of the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is not influenced by the particulate matters and the sulfur dioxide;
2) the electrolytic water is utilized to generate oxygen and green energy hydrogen, and the energy supplemented in the solvent regeneration process is reasonably utilized; green electricity (solar power generation, wind power generation and the like) can be utilized in the electrolysis process, so that the discharge of carbon dioxide in the regeneration process is avoided;
3) the absorption and the analysis of the carbon dioxide are realized by utilizing the acid-base alternative process of the solution, and the heat is released in the neutralization reaction process, thereby being more beneficial to CO2Analyzing;
4) combining the process of electrolyzing water with CO2The trapping process is combined, the reaction principle is simple, the realization is easy, the batch operation of a plurality of groups of reactions can be realized, and the continuous trapping and releasing of the flue gas can be realized.
The invention also claims a device for realizing the method for capturing the electrolyzed water and the carbon dioxide, which comprises an electrolysis device, a gas collection device, a neutralization release pool and a gas blowing-in device;
the electrolysis device comprises an anode electrolysis cell, a cathode electrolysis cell, an anode, a cathode, a salt bridge and a power supply, wherein electrolyte is filled in the anode electrolysis cell and the cathode electrolysis cell, the electrolyte in the anode electrolysis cell and the electrolyte in the cathode electrolysis cell are respectively provided with the anode and the cathode, the anode and the cathode are electrically connected with the power supply, and the electrolyte in the cathode electrolysis cell is communicated with the electrolyte in the anode electrolysis cell through the salt bridge;
the gas collecting device comprises a hydrogen collecting device,Oxygen collection device and CO2The hydrogen collecting device is arranged at the upper part of the cathode electrolytic tank, the oxygen collecting device is arranged at the upper part of the anode electrolytic tank, and the CO is2The collecting device is arranged at the upper part of the neutralization and release tank;
the neutralization release tank is positioned below the anode electrolytic tank and the cathode electrolytic tank, the bottoms of the anode electrolytic tank and the cathode electrolytic tank are respectively communicated with the bottom of the neutralization release tank through pipelines, and the pipelines at the bottoms of the anode electrolytic tank and the cathode electrolytic tank, which are communicated with the neutralization release tank, are provided with valves;
the gas blowing-in device comprises a gas source and a dust removal facility, the gas source is a gas source or flue gas, and the gas source is communicated with the bottom of the cathode electrolytic cell after passing through the dust removal facility.
Preferably, one side of the neutralization release pool is provided with a water replenishing port.
Preferably, the anode and the cathode are both inert electrodes, and preferably, the anode and the cathode are both graphite electrodes.
Preferably, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfate or nitrate, preferably, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfate, more preferably, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, most preferably, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of 1-5mol/L of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, preferably 1-3 mol/L.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
1. an electrolysis device; 2. a neutralization release pool; 3. a gas bubbling device; 4. an anodic electrolytic cell; 5. a cathodic electrolysis cell; 6. an anode; 7. a cathode; 8. a salt bridge; 9. a power source; 10. a hydrogen gas collecting device; 11. an oxygen collection device; 12. CO 22A collection device; 13. a gas source; 14. a dust removal facility; 15. and (4) water replenishing.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples, which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the device for realizing the electrolytic water combined carbon dioxide capture method comprises an electrolysis device 1, a gas collection device, a neutralization and release tank 2 and a gas blowing-in device 3;
the electrolysis device comprises an anode electrolysis cell 4, a cathode electrolysis cell 5, an anode 6, a cathode 7, a salt bridge 8 and a power supply 9, wherein electrolyte is filled in the anode electrolysis cell and the cathode electrolysis cell, the electrolyte in the anode electrolysis cell and the electrolyte in the cathode electrolysis cell are respectively provided with an anode and a cathode, the anode and the cathode are graphite electrodes, the anode and the cathode are electrically connected with the power supply, and the electrolyte in the cathode electrolysis cell and the electrolyte in the anode electrolysis cell are communicated through the salt bridge;
the gas collecting device comprises a hydrogen collecting device 10, an oxygen collecting device 11 and CO2A hydrogen collecting device 12 arranged at the upper part of the cathode electrolytic tank, an oxygen collecting device arranged at the upper part of the anode electrolytic tank, and CO2The collecting device is arranged at the upper part of the neutralization and release tank;
the neutralization release tank is positioned below the anode electrolytic tank and the cathode electrolytic tank, the bottoms of the anode electrolytic tank and the cathode electrolytic tank are respectively communicated with the bottom of the neutralization release tank through pipelines, valves are arranged on the pipelines communicated with the neutralization release tank at the bottoms of the anode electrolytic tank and the cathode electrolytic tank, and a water replenishing port 15 is arranged on one side of the neutralization release tank and used for replenishing water consumed due to electrolysis.
The gas blowing device comprises a gas source 13 and a dust removal facility 14, the gas source is a gas source or flue gas, and the gas source is communicated with the bottom of the cathode electrolytic cell after passing through the dust removal facility.
The method for combining electrolysis water with carbon dioxide capture by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) electrolyzing water: injecting the same electrolyte into a cathode electrolytic cell and an anode electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolyte is 1-3mol/L aqueous solution of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, the cathode and the anode are communicated through a salt bridge, a power supply is switched on for electrolysis, hydrogen is generated in the cathode electrolytic cell, the solution is changed into alkaline solution, oxygen is generated in the anode electrolytic cell, the solution is changed into acidic solution, the generated hydrogen and oxygen are respectively collected, and the electrolysis is stopped when the pH value in the cathode electrolytic cell reaches more than 10;
(2)CO2and SO2Absorption of (2): introducing the flue gas into a cathode electrolytic cell after dust removal, wherein CO in the flue gas2And SO2Is reacted and absorbed by alkaline solution in the cathode electrolytic cell, and the introduction of flue gas is stopped until the absorption is saturated, so that HCO is respectively formed3 -And SO3 2-；
(3) Air oxidation: blowing air into the cathode electrolytic cell, and utilizing oxygen to make SO3 2-Oxidation to SO4 2-Dissolving in electrolyte to make SO in flue gas2Is completely absorbed;
(4) releasing carbon dioxide: opening valves on pipelines communicated with the neutralization release tank at the bottoms of the cathode electrolytic tank and the anode electrolytic tank to enable the alkaline solution in the cathode electrolytic tank and the acidic solution in the anode electrolytic tank to flow into the neutralization release tank to perform neutralization reaction, and absorbing CO2Is released using CO2The collecting device collects the captured CO2。
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis combined with carbon dioxide capture comprises the following steps:
(1) electrolyzing water: injecting the same electrolyte into a cathode electrolytic cell and an anode electrolytic cell, communicating the electrolyte with the cathode electrolytic cell through a salt bridge, starting electrolysis after the cathode and the anode are powered on, generating hydrogen in the cathode electrolytic cell, simultaneously changing the solution into an alkaline solution, generating oxygen in the anode electrolytic cell, simultaneously changing the solution into an acidic solution, respectively collecting the generated hydrogen and oxygen, and stopping electrolysis when the pH value in the cathode electrolytic cell reaches more than 10;
(2)CO2and SO2Absorption of (2): introducing the flue gas into a cathode electrolytic cell after dust removal, wherein CO in the flue gas2And SO2Is dissolved by alkaline solution in a cathode electrolytic cellLiquid reaction absorption is carried out, and the introduction of flue gas and CO is stopped until the absorption is saturated2And SO2Separately form HCO3 -And SO3 2-；
(3) Air oxidation: blowing air into the cathode electrolytic cell, and utilizing oxygen to make SO3 2-Oxidation to SO4 2-Dissolved in electrolyte to further make SO in flue gas2Is completely absorbed;
(4) releasing carbon dioxide: mixing the alkaline solution in the cathode electrolytic cell with the acid solution in the anode electrolytic cell to perform neutralization reaction, and absorbing CO2Is released and the trapped CO is collected2。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfate or nitrate.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sodium, potassium or ammonium sulfate.
4. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the cathode and anode are both inert electrodes.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the inert electrode is a graphite electrode.
6. An apparatus for carrying out the method of claims 1 to 5, comprising electrolysis means, gas collection means, a neutralization release tank and gas blowing means;
the electrolysis device comprises an anode electrolysis cell, a cathode electrolysis cell, an anode, a cathode, a salt bridge and a power supply, wherein electrolyte is filled in the anode electrolysis cell and the cathode electrolysis cell, the electrolyte in the anode electrolysis cell and the electrolyte in the cathode electrolysis cell are respectively provided with the anode and the cathode, the anode and the cathode are electrically connected with the power supply, and the electrolyte in the cathode electrolysis cell is communicated with the electrolyte in the anode electrolysis cell through the salt bridge;
the gas collecting device comprises a hydrogen gas collecting device, an oxygen gas collecting device and CO2The hydrogen collecting device is arranged at the upper part of the cathode electrolytic tank, the oxygen collecting device is arranged at the upper part of the anode electrolytic tank, and the CO is2The collecting device is arranged at the upper part of the neutralization and release tank;
the neutralization release tank is positioned below the anode electrolytic tank and the cathode electrolytic tank, the bottoms of the anode electrolytic tank and the cathode electrolytic tank are respectively communicated with the bottom of the neutralization release tank through pipelines, and the pipelines at the bottoms of the anode electrolytic tank and the cathode electrolytic tank, which are communicated with the neutralization release tank, are provided with valves;
the gas blowing-in device comprises a gas source and a dust removal facility, the gas source is a gas source or flue gas, and the gas source is communicated with the bottom of the cathode electrolytic cell after passing through the dust removal facility.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a water replenishing port is provided at one side of the neutralization and release tank.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 or 7, wherein the cathode and anode are both inert electrodes.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the inert electrode is a graphite electrode.
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Cited By (1)
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