CN114309034A - Method for improving soil environment - Google Patents
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- CN114309034A CN114309034A CN202210018225.4A CN202210018225A CN114309034A CN 114309034 A CN114309034 A CN 114309034A CN 202210018225 A CN202210018225 A CN 202210018225A CN 114309034 A CN114309034 A CN 114309034A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving soil environment, which firstly determines at least the following parameters according to the damage degree of soil to be improved: the method comprises the steps of heating soil, extracting underground gas to maintain underground pressure stability, heating soil simultaneously to reach the lower limit value of the soil heating temperature, and injecting chemicals and/or clean water into the soil according to the injection speed and the injection amount of the chemicals when the triggering condition of the injection of the chemicals is reached.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil environment improvement, in particular to a method for improving a soil environment.
Background
With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, the problems of water, atmosphere and soil are increasingly highlighted, wherein the soil problems are mainly caused by spraying pesticides and the like. In order to prevent and control agricultural diseases, pests and weeds, further improve the yield of agricultural products and increase the economic benefit of agricultural production, pesticide spraying is generally carried out in the growth process of the agricultural products. However, in the process of directly participating in the life of soil ecological environment, although the pesticide treats plant diseases and insect pests, promotes the inferior resistance of crops, and improves the quality of crops, the dosage of the pesticide varies with types, so that the pesticide is carelessly excessive, and part of the pesticide with high toxicity is remained in the soil and continuously accumulated, thus forming a hidden hazard and causing adverse effect on the whole soil ecological environment.
The destruction of the soil ecological environment not only affects the quality and quantity of future crops, but also can cause adverse effects on underground water, surface water and the like along with natural circulation such as seepage, evaporation and the like, thereby affecting human beings and other organisms. Therefore, maintenance and improvement of the soil environment are urgently needed.
At present, the regulation and control method for improving the soil environment mainly comprises the following steps: the injection of microorganisms, microbial nutrients or other chemicals into the soil, proper fallow, deep ploughing of the soil, high temperature disinfection, etc., while the function of the device for improving the soil environment is relatively single and only one regulation method can be generally implemented.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of some or all of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving a soil environment, comprising:
determining parameters according to the damage degree of the soil to be improved, wherein the parameters comprise one or more of the following parameters: the method comprises the following steps of (1) setting an upper limit value of soil heating temperature, a lower limit value of soil heating temperature, heating duration, injected medicament type, medicament injection amount, medicament injection speed and medicament injection triggering conditions;
pumping underground gas to maintain stable underground pressure;
heating the soil to reach the upper limit value of the soil heating temperature; and
and injecting medicament and/or clear water into the soil according to the parameters.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps of sampling and detecting the soil to be improved:
if the soil to be improved reaches an expected state, stopping heating the soil and injecting the medicament, and reducing the temperature of the soil to a preset value by extracting underground gas; and
and if the soil to be improved does not reach the expected state, adjusting parameters according to the current soil state, and continuing to improve according to the steps.
Further, the method comprises the steps of paving a ground barrier layer on the surface of the soil to be improved before soil improvement is carried out, and dismantling the ground barrier layer after the soil improvement is finished.
Further, the ground barrier layer is formed by pouring concrete with the hardness of above C15, and the pouring thickness is not less than 100 mm.
Further, heating the soil comprises:
forming a heating gas by a gas heating device;
sending a signal to a heat transfer control box through a control module, opening a hot gas inlet valve to enable hot gas to flow into a heating well, and enabling the hot gas to circulate in the heating well through a centrifugal fan, wherein the heating well is at least partially arranged in the soil to be improved; and
the soil temperature is monitored in real time through the temperature monitoring well, when the soil temperature reaches the upper limit value of the soil heating temperature, the heat supply gas inlet valve is closed, and after the soil temperature is reduced to the lower limit value of the soil heating temperature, the heat supply gas inlet valve is opened.
Further, injecting the agent into the soil comprises:
and after the soil temperature reaches the lower limit value of the soil heating temperature, periodically injecting one or more agents into an agent injection well by a control module according to a preset agent injection speed, wherein the agent injection well is at least partially arranged in the soil to be improved.
Further, injecting the agent into the soil further comprises:
when the soil temperature monitored by any temperature monitoring well reaches the upper limit value of the soil heating temperature, according to the preset medicament injection speed, injecting a specified amount of clear water into the medicament injection well in a specified range around the temperature monitoring well.
Further, the medicaments and/or fresh water are stored in medicament storage tanks, each medicament storage tank storing one medicament or fresh water, and the injection of the medicaments and/or fresh water is controlled by a control module.
Further, extracting the underground gas comprises:
air is drawn from a gas exchange well group by a fan, wherein the gas exchange well group is at least partially disposed in the soil to be improved.
Further, the method includes purifying the gas extracted from the subsurface by a purification assembly.
According to the method for improving the soil environment, firstly, stable heat energy is provided for soil to be improved, the heating temperature and the heating time can be adjusted according to actual requirements, then one or more medicaments are injected into the soil regularly and quantitatively according to requirements to improve the soil, meanwhile, the circulation of underground gas is promoted by means of extracting the underground gas, and the temperature of the improved soil is reduced. The method can adaptively set related parameters such as heating temperature, medicament type, injection speed, injection amount and the like according to the damage degree of the soil, and further can be suitable for improving the soil environment with different damage degrees. Meanwhile, the method can simultaneously realize various technologies such as microorganism reinforcement, chemical agent injection, high-temperature disinfection and the like, and the operation is stable.
Drawings
To further clarify the above and other advantages and features of embodiments of the present invention, a more particular description of embodiments of the present invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts will be denoted by the same or similar reference numerals for clarity.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of a modular apparatus for improving a soil environment according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for improving a soil environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings in conjunction with the detailed description. It should be noted that the components in the figures may be exaggerated and not necessarily to scale for illustrative purposes. In the figures, identical or functionally identical components are provided with the same reference symbols.
In the present invention, "disposed on …", "disposed over …" and "disposed over …" do not exclude the presence of an intermediate therebetween, unless otherwise specified. Further, "disposed on or above …" merely indicates the relative positional relationship between two components, and may also be converted to "disposed below or below …" and vice versa in certain cases, such as after reversing the product direction.
In the present invention, the embodiments are only intended to illustrate the aspects of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting.
In the present invention, the terms "a" and "an" do not exclude the presence of a plurality of elements, unless otherwise specified.
It is further noted herein that in embodiments of the present invention, only a portion of the components or assemblies may be shown for clarity and simplicity, but those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, given the teachings of the present invention, required components or assemblies may be added as needed in a particular scenario.
It is also noted herein that, within the scope of the present invention, the terms "same", "equal", and the like do not mean that the two values are absolutely equal, but allow some reasonable error, that is, the terms also encompass "substantially the same", "substantially equal". By analogy, in the present invention, the terms "perpendicular", "parallel" and the like in the directions of the tables also cover the meanings of "substantially perpendicular", "substantially parallel".
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings in conjunction with the detailed description.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a modular apparatus for improving a soil environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the modular device for improving soil environment includes a temperature regulation module 001, an agent treatment module 002, a gas exchange module 003, and a control module 004. Wherein, the control module 004 is communicably connected to the temperature adjustment module 001, the drug treatment module 002 and the gas exchange module 003 for controlling the temperature adjustment module 001, the drug treatment module 002 and the gas exchange module 003.
As shown in fig. 1, the temperature regulation module 001 comprises a distributed heating well group, the distributed heating well group comprises a plurality of heating wells 101, and the heating wells 101 are at least partially arranged in the soil to be improved so as to heat the soil to be improved. In one embodiment of the invention, the distributed heating well group is arranged in an underground manner, and can be in the form of a horizontal well or a vertical well.
In one embodiment of the invention, the temperature regulation module 001 uses hot gas to heat the soil to be improved. Based on this, the temperature adjustment module 001 further comprises a gas heating device 102 and a centrifugal fan 103, wherein the gas heating device 102 is communicated with the gas inlet of the heating well 101, and the centrifugal fan 103 is communicated with the gas outlet of the heating well 101. It should be understood that the gas heating device 102 and the centrifugal fan 103 may be one or more, that is, one gas heating device 102 and/or centrifugal fan 103 may be in communication with a plurality of heating wells 101, so as to simultaneously provide heating gas for the plurality of heating wells.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the well casing of the heating well 101 is in the form of a casing, and comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, wherein the inner pipe is communicated with the bottom of the outer pipe, the air inlet of the heating well 101 is arranged at the top end of the inner pipe, and the air outlet of the heating well 101 is arranged at the top of the outer pipe. When heating is needed, heating gas is formed in the gas heating device 102, then the heating gas is sent into the inner pipe through the gas inlet of the heating well 101 along the heating pipeline 112, the heating gas flows into the outer pipe from the bottom of the inner pipe, and is discharged through the gas outlet of the heating well 101 under the action of the centrifugal fan 103, and in the process, the heating gas can heat the soil around the heating well 101 in a heat conduction mode, so that a stable heat source is provided for the soil.
In order to ensure sufficient heating gas, in one embodiment of the present invention, the inner tube and the outer tube are both made of metal tubes, wherein the outer tube is preferably a seamless welded tube, and the inner tube may be made of stainless steel tube or seamless welded tube, for example, and the diameter of the inner tube is greater than DN50, and the diameter of the outer tube is greater than DN 80. The gas heating device 102 may be, for example, a waste gas incinerator, a coking furnace, a boiler, or the like.
To facilitate control of the heating operation, in one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature regulation module 001 further comprises a heat transfer control box 104 disposed between the gas heating device 102 and the heating well 101 and communicatively coupled to the control module 004. Since the range of action of each heating well 101 is usually several meters to several tens of meters, and the heating temperatures required for different heating wells 101 may be different at the same time, in the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to configure one heat transfer control box 104 at the front end of each heating well 101, but in other embodiments of the present invention, one heat transfer control box may be used to control a plurality of heating wells. The heat transfer control box 104 may include, for example, a heating gas inlet valve, an air inlet valve, etc., where the heating gas inlet valve is disposed between the gas heating device 102 and the heating well 101 and used for controlling the inflow of the heating gas and the inflow speed thereof, and the air inlet valve is connected to the heating well 101 and can input a normal temperature air flow into the heating well 101 under the action of a centrifugal fan to cool the soil. The control module 004 can control the opening or closing of the heating gas inlet valve and the air inlet valve.
In order to better control the heating temperature, in one embodiment of the invention, the temperature regulation module 001 further comprises a temperature monitoring well 105, the temperature monitoring well 105 being at least partially disposed in the soil to be improved and having at least one temperature monitoring device disposed thereon. Wherein, the temperature monitoring device is communicably connected to the control module 004, and the control module 004 can control the opening and closing of the temperature adjusting module 001, the medicament processing module 002 and the gas exchange module 003 according to the measurement result of the temperature monitoring device. Preferably, the temperature monitoring well 105 may be arranged in the same manner as the distributed heating well group 101, such as an underground manner, but the temperature monitoring well 105 is in a vertical shaft form so as to monitor the temperature of soil at different depths. In one embodiment of the present invention, three temperature monitoring devices are disposed on one temperature monitoring well 105, and are disposed 1m below the surface of the earth, at a position half the depth of the temperature monitoring well 105, and at the bottom of the temperature monitoring well. It should be understood that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of the temperature monitoring devices disposed on the temperature monitoring well 105, and/or the installation positions of the temperature monitoring devices may be adjusted according to actual requirements, and is not limited to the embodiments described above. In addition, the number and the arrangement positions of the temperature monitoring wells 105 can be set according to actual needs.
As shown in fig. 1, the agent treatment module 002 includes at least one agent storage tank 201 and an agent injection well group. Wherein the medicament storage tank 201 is used for storing medicament and/or fresh water to be injected, in one embodiment of the present invention, a liquid level sensor is further disposed in the medicament storage tank 201 for determining the amount of the injected medicament. The liquid level sensor is communicably connected to the control module 004, and the control module 004 controls the injection of the medicine to be turned on and off according to the measurement value of the liquid level sensor. In an embodiment of the present invention, the medicament processing module 002 includes two medicament storage tanks 201, and the two medicament storage tanks 201 may store the same or different medicaments and/or clean water therein, for example, clean water is stored in a first medicament storage tank, microbial nutrient medicament is stored in a second medicament storage tank, microbial liquid is stored in the first medicament storage tank, microbial nutrient medicament is stored in the second medicament storage tank, or different redox medicaments, surfactants and the like are stored in the first medicament storage tank and the second medicament storage tank respectively. It should be understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, more medicament storage reservoirs may be provided, with the same or different medicaments being stored in each medicament storage reservoir.
The agent injection well group comprises at least one agent injection well 202, wherein the agent injection well 202 is at least partially arranged in the soil to be improved and is communicated with the agent storage tank 201. In one embodiment of the present invention, the injection well 202 may be disposed in the same manner as the heater well 101, such as in a buried manner, and the length of the well casing of the injection well 202 is preferably the same as the length of the well casing of the heater well 101. In one embodiment of the invention, the well casing of the agent injection well 202 is a flowered seamless welded pipe, and a wire mesh is wrapped at the position of the slot, and the wire mesh is made of 80-120 mesh stainless steel wire. In the embodiment of the present invention, the number and the arrangement position of the agent injection wells 202 can be set according to actual needs.
In one embodiment of the present invention, to facilitate control of the injection of the medicament, the medicament processing module 002 further includes a medicament injection control device communicably connected with the control module 004. In an embodiment of the present invention, the medicine injection control device includes an electromagnetic valve 231 and a medicine injection pump 232, and the electromagnetic valve 231 and the medicine injection pump 232 are in one-to-one correspondence with the medicine storage tank 201 and are disposed between the medicine storage tank 201 and the medicine injection well group 202. The control module 004 controls the injection rate of the medicine by setting the periodic switching signal of the solenoid valve 231 to realize different injection periods of the medicine and by adjusting the operation power of the injection pump 232.
As shown in fig. 1, the gas exchange module 003 includes a fan 301, a gas exchange well group, and a cleaning assembly 303. The fan 301 is configured to pump the underground gas to the ground through the gas exchange well group 302, so as to accelerate the circulation of the underground gas, increase the oxygen content of the soil, enhance the mobility of the underground water, and the pumped gas is sent to the purification assembly 303 through the delivery pipe 323 and is discharged after being purified. The gas exchange well group comprises at least one gas exchange well 302, wherein the gas exchange well 302 is at least partially arranged in the soil to be improved and is communicated with an air inlet of the fan 301. In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas exchange well 302 may be arranged in the same manner as the heating well 101, for example, in an underground manner, and the length of the well casing of the gas exchange well 302 is preferably the same as the length of the well casing of the heating well 101. In one embodiment of the present invention, the well casing of the gas exchange well 302 is a seamless welded pipe with a flower seam, and a filter material is disposed around the well casing to form a filter layer, wherein the filter material has a particle size of more than 20 mm. The purification assembly 303 is connected to an air outlet of the blower 301, and is configured to purify the air extracted by the blower, and the purification assembly 303 may be, for example, an activated carbon purification device. In one embodiment of the present invention, the blower 301 is a roots blower, the roots blower is communicably connected to a control module 004, and the control module 004 can adjust the power of the roots blower according to a target temperature. In the embodiment of the present invention, the number and the arrangement positions of the gas exchange wells 302 can be set according to actual needs.
In order to slow down the dissipation of underground heat, maintain the stability of underground temperature and prevent the dissipation of toxic and harmful substances during the heating process, in one embodiment of the invention, the modular device further comprises a ground barrier layer 005, the ground barrier layer 005 is arranged on the surface of the soil to be improved, the ground barrier layer 005 is formed by pouring concrete with the hardness of above C15, the pouring thickness is not less than 100mm, and the concrete surface layer needs to be subjected to patrol maintenance after the pouring is finished.
The quantity of heater well, medicament injection well, gas exchange well and temperature monitoring well can be according to the nimble setting of actual demand, and simultaneously, the quantity of centrifugal fan, gas exchange module also can be adjusted according to the demand, but the subassembly and the device that contain in all temperature regulation module 001, medicament processing module 002, the gas exchange module 003 all realize unified control through a control module. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, a single set of devices may include: 80 heater wells, 50 gas exchange wells, 100 medicament injection wells, 8 temperature monitoring wells, 4 centrifugal fans, 1 roots fan, 1 active carbon purification device and 1 set of medicament stirring and injection device, and in practical application, can adopt multiunit device to use together, set up 1 control module and carry out integrated control. In other embodiments of the present invention, the number and the corresponding relationship of each device can be adjusted according to actual requirements.
Based on the modular device as described above, fig. 2 shows a flow diagram of a method for improving soil environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, a method for improving a soil environment includes:
first, in step 201, parameters are set. Determining parameters of the modular device according to the degree of damage of the soil to be improved, the parameters including at least one or more of the following parameters: setting a temperature adjusting module and a medicament processing module according to the parameters through a control system according to the upper limit and/or the lower limit of the soil heating temperature, the heating time, the medicament type, the medicament injection amount, the medicament injection speed, the medicament injection time or the trigger conditions;
next, at step 202, the gas exchange system is turned on. After the parameters are set, the soil can be improved, and at the moment, in order to maintain the stability of underground pressure, the gas exchange system needs to be started;
next, in step 203, the temperature adjustment module is controlled. Firstly, the control module controls the temperature adjusting module to heat the soil to reach a preset temperature value, in one embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the soil is monitored in real time through a temperature monitoring well and fed back to the control module, and the control module controls the opening or closing of a relevant valve of a heat transfer control box in the temperature adjusting module to realize the heating of the soil to a specified temperature;
next, in step 204, the medicament processing module is controlled. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature, the injection of the medicament can be controlled according to preset parameters. In one embodiment of the invention, the controlling the injection of the medicament comprises: when the control module receives that the soil temperature reaches a specified value, the control module controls an electromagnetic valve and a drug injection pump in the drug processing module, starts to inject specified drugs according to a preset speed, and closes the electromagnetic valve and the drug injection pump after injecting specified amounts of drugs; it should be understood that, since soil improvement is not achieved by injecting a single agent, in practice, the control module may need to perform multiple controls on the agent treatment module and the temperature adjustment module, and the specific control sequence and logic are set up in step 201, for example, the control on the agent treatment module may include: when the soil temperature reaches a first preset value, a first medicament with a specified amount is periodically injected, and when the soil temperature reaches a second preset value, a second medicament with a specified amount is injected;
meanwhile, in an embodiment of the present invention, in step 205, soil sampling detection may be performed. And periodically sampling and detecting the soil to be improved, closing the temperature adjusting module and the medicament processing module after the soil to be improved reaches an expected state, closing the gas exchange system when the temperature of the soil is reduced to a preset value, and removing the ground barrier layer to finish soil improvement. If not, the parameters are reset and the soil improvement operation is continued according to the steps described above, it being understood that the parameters may be the same or different in each operation. Wherein, in one embodiment of the invention, the reduction of the soil temperature is achieved by said gas exchange system. In one embodiment of the invention, soil sampling detection may be started after a specified period of time in order to save resources.
In order to better illustrate the modular device and method for soil improvement in the present invention, soil with different damage levels is taken as an example, and how to improve soil by the modular device in the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below.
Aiming at the silty clay soil environment with low destruction degree and indigenous microorganisms:
first, parameter determination and setting are performed. According to the soil with the condition, the upper limit of the soil heating temperature is set to be 30 ℃, the lower limit of the soil heating temperature is set to be 25 ℃, and meanwhile, microorganism nutrient substances and clean water are respectively stored in the two medicament storage tanks. The microorganism nutrient substance comprises an N source and a P source, wherein the N source can be one of sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate, and the P source can be one of sodium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium monohydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the adding period of the microbial nutrient substances is once every 3-7 days, and the clear water is injected when the soil temperature reaches the upper limit and is stopped when the temperature is reduced to the lower limit, and the water injection amount is not more than 1% of the water content of the soil;
next, the soil improvement operation is started. And starting the gas exchange module, maintaining the underground pressure balance, simultaneously increasing the mobility of underground gas, increasing the oxygen content in soil, improving the activity of indigenous microorganisms and enhancing the improvement effect, wherein a Roots blower is adopted in the gas exchange module, and the maximum extraction pressure of the Roots blower is not more than-50 Kpa. The temperature rise speed of the soil is controlled by controlling parameters such as the flow speed, the input time and the like of the heating gas, so that the soil is heated to 30 ℃, and the temperature rise time is 10 to 30 days under the condition of the silty clay soil according to related engineering experience. Specifically, when the temperature adjusting module starts to operate, a heating gas inlet valve in the heat transmission control box is opened, the centrifugal fan is started to operate, the soil is heated by heating gas through the distributed heating pipes, and when the monitored soil temperature reaches a preset upper limit, the control module sends a signal to close the heating gas inlet valve in the heat transmission control box and open an air inlet valve to cool the soil; when the temperature is reduced to the preset lower limit value, the heat supply gas inlet valve in the heat transmission control box is opened again, the air inlet valve is closed, and soil heating is continued to keep the soil temperature stable in the set interval. Here, the heating temperature of different depths of the formation is monitored in real time through the temperature monitoring well, and the temperature monitoring well comprises 3 monitoring depths: 1m below the surface of the earth, one-half of the depth and the bottom layer. In the process, the control module controls the medicament processing module to feed microbial nutrients once every 3-7 days, specifically, the control module controls the opening or closing of an electromagnetic valve and a medicament injection pump corresponding to a medicament storage tank storing the microbial nutrients, and meanwhile, when the temperature monitoring value of a temperature monitoring well reaches 30 ℃, the control module controls a medicament injection well within 10m of the peripheral radius of the temperature monitoring well to start to inject clean water, and when the temperature drops to 25 ℃, the injection is stopped, and the water injection amount does not exceed 1% of the water content of the soil; when the temperature can not be reduced by water injection, the mode of stopping the input of the heat supply gas is adopted for controlling from the source; through the mode of pouring into the clear water, can effectual reduction underground temperature, maintain the temperature stable, the clear water of pouring into simultaneously can be effective dissolve more poisonous and harmful substance, increase the contact efficiency of microorganism and poisonous and harmful substance, improve degradation efficiency.
Under the soil condition, the normalized use is considered, and the construction of a ground barrier layer is not needed. According to the operation method, the soil is improved by utilizing the heat-strengthened indigenous microorganisms, and the oxygen content of the soil is increased by utilizing the gas exchange system while the stable heat source is ensured to be provided, so that the improvement effect is improved; because the soil is not disturbed greatly, the intermittent normalized operation can be carried out without influencing the use of the soil.
Aiming at the soil with a slightly high destruction degree, the soil needs to be improved by utilizing the exogenously added dominant microbial flora and the evaporation effect of higher temperature on the residual toxic and harmful substances, and under the condition, the soil temperature needs to be kept at 40-60 ℃. The specific operation process comprises the following steps:
setting the highest target temperature of the soil heated by the temperature adjusting module to be 60 ℃ and setting the lowest target temperature to be 40 ℃ through the control module; and one medicament storage tank of the medicament processing module is filled with the dominant microbial liquid, and the other medicament storage tank is filled with microbial nutrient substances.
After the soil temperature is gradually increased to 40 ℃ through the heat supply gas, a microorganism nutrient substance containing N, P elements is injected underground by using the medicament treatment module, after the injection is finished, the dominant microorganism liquid is injected, the nutrient substance is added every 3-5 days, and whether the dominant microorganism liquid needs to be supplemented or not is judged according to the regular soil collection and detection conditions.
Meanwhile, after heating begins, the temperature of underground soil is monitored through a temperature monitoring well and fed back to a control module 7, when the temperature of the soil rises to 60 ℃, a heat supply gas inlet valve of a temperature adjusting module is closed, the soil heating is stopped, a centrifugal fan is continuously started, air is brought into a distributed heating well through an air inlet valve of the temperature adjusting module to circulate, the temperature of the soil is reduced, when the temperature of the soil is reduced to 40 ℃, the heat supply gas inlet valve of the temperature adjusting module is started again, and the soil is heated through heat supply gas so as to keep the underground temperature of the soil between 40 ℃ and 60 ℃; generally speaking, the temperature monitoring range of a single temperature monitoring well is 10-20 m.
In the period, the gas exchange module is always opened, and underground gas is pumped to the ground through the action of the Roots blower, so that the effect of maintaining the stability of underground pressure is achieved, and meanwhile, volatile and semi-volatile toxic and harmful substances possibly existing underground can be pumped out and discharged after being purified by the activated carbon purification device; because the requirement for soil temperature rise is higher, in order to achieve a better improvement effect, a ground barrier layer is generally constructed on the ground surface, the barrier layer is cast by concrete with the hardness of more than C15, and the casting thickness is not less than 100 mm.
In the process of improving the soil environment by adopting the heat-strengthened exogenous dominant microorganisms, soil sampling is required to be regularly carried out, the soil state is observed, after the soil environment reaches an expected state, the temperature regulation module and the medicament treatment module stop running, the gas exchange module is still opened to carry out soil cooling, and when the soil temperature is reduced to below 30 ℃, the gas exchange module is stopped, the ground barrier layer is detached, and the soil temperature environment is naturally recovered.
Aiming at the soil with serious damage degree, the improvement effect of the microbial technology on the soil environment is very weak, in order to improve the soil environment, a chemical agent adding mode is often adopted for recovery, and according to the difference of the soil damage reason and degree, the adding agents can be selected to comprise redox agents, surfactants or nutritional agents and the like. The following describes how soil improvement is performed by the modular device in the embodiment of the invention, taking the improvement of soil environment by combining thermal alkali with catalytic persulfate as an example:
if the soil environment is improved by the combination of thermal alkali and persulfate, the soil temperature is required to be over 60 ℃, and the agents including liquid alkali and persulfate are required to be added, so that the liquid alkali can be filled into one agent storage tank of the agent treatment module, and the persulfate can be filled into the other agent storage tank.
The maximum target temperature of the soil heated by the temperature adjusting module is set to 80 ℃ through the control module, and the minimum target temperature is set to 60 ℃. In the operation process, after the temperature of the soil is gradually increased to 60 ℃ through the heating gas, two medicaments are simultaneously injected into the well through the medicament treatment module, the medicaments are added once every 15 days, and after 60 days, whether the medicaments need to be added or not is judged according to the regular soil collection and detection condition.
Meanwhile, the underground soil temperature is monitored in real time through a temperature monitoring well and fed back to a control module after heating is started, when the soil temperature rises to 80 ℃, a heat supply gas inlet valve of a temperature adjusting module is closed, soil heating is stopped, a centrifugal fan is continuously started, air is brought into a distributed heating well through an air inlet valve of the temperature adjusting module to circulate, the soil temperature is reduced, when the soil temperature drops to 60 ℃, the heat supply gas inlet valve of the temperature adjusting module is started again, and the soil is heated through heat supply gas so as to keep the underground soil temperature between 60 ℃ and 80 ℃; generally speaking, the temperature monitoring range of a single temperature monitoring well is 10-20 m.
In the process, the gas exchange module is opened all the time, underground gas is pumped to the ground under the action of the Roots blower, the effect of stabilizing the underground pressure is maintained, volatile and semi-volatile toxic and harmful substances possibly existing underground are pumped out, the diffusion of the medicament is promoted, and the exchanged gas is purified by the activated carbon purification device and then is discharged; because the requirement of soil temperature rise is higher, in order to achieve a better improvement effect, a ground barrier layer needs to be built, the barrier layer is cast by concrete with the hardness of more than C15, and the casting thickness is not less than 100 mm.
After the soil improvement is finished, the gas exchange module is adopted to cool the soil, so that the natural temperature of the soil is gradually recovered.
The area in a severe soil environment can be improved by the combined catalysis of the thermokalite and the persulfate, and after a soil system is improved to a certain degree, the soil system can be further improved by adopting a heat-strengthened exogenous microorganism technology or a heat-strengthened indigenous microorganism technology, so that friendly conditions are created for subsequent soil utilization. By adopting the modularized device in the embodiment of the invention, distributed use of multiple technologies can be realized only by resetting parameters and replacing medicament types.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art that various combinations, modifications, and changes can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present invention disclosed herein should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method of improving a soil environment, comprising the steps of:
determining parameters according to the damage degree of the soil to be improved, wherein the parameters comprise: the method comprises the following steps of (1) setting an upper limit value of soil heating temperature, a lower limit value of soil heating temperature, heating time, injected medicament type, medicament injection amount, medicament injection speed and medicament injection triggering conditions;
pumping underground gas to maintain stable underground pressure;
heating the soil to reach the lower limit value of the soil heating temperature; and
and when the medicament injection triggering condition is reached, injecting medicament and/or clear water into the soil according to the medicament injection speed and the medicament injection amount.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: sampling and detecting the soil to be improved:
if the soil to be improved reaches an expected state, stopping heating the soil and injecting the medicament, and reducing the temperature of the soil to a preset value by extracting underground gas; and
if the soil to be improved does not reach the expected state, adjusting parameters according to the current soil state, and continuing to improve according to the steps of claim 1.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:
before soil improvement, a ground barrier layer is paved on the surface of soil to be improved; and
and after the soil improvement is completed, removing the ground barrier layer.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the ground barrier layer is cast using concrete having a hardness greater than C15 and a casting thickness of not less than 100 mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein heating the soil comprises:
forming a heating gas by a gas heating device;
sending a signal to a heat transfer control box through a control module, opening a hot gas inlet valve to enable hot gas to flow into a heating well, and enabling the hot gas to circulate in the heating well through a centrifugal fan, wherein the heating well is at least partially arranged in the soil to be improved; and
the soil temperature is monitored in real time through the temperature monitoring well, when the soil temperature reaches the upper limit value of the soil heating temperature, the heat supply gas inlet valve is closed, and after the soil temperature is reduced to the lower limit value of the soil heating temperature, the heat supply gas inlet valve is opened.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein injecting the agent into the soil comprises:
and after the soil temperature reaches the lower limit value of the soil heating temperature, periodically injecting one or more agents into an agent injection well in a specified amount according to the agent injection speed through a control module, wherein the agent injection well is at least partially arranged in the soil to be improved.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein injecting the agent into the soil further comprises:
when the soil temperature monitored by any temperature monitoring well reaches the upper limit value of the soil heating temperature, according to the preset medicament injection speed, injecting a specified amount of clear water into the medicament injection well in a specified range around the temperature monitoring well.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the medicament and/or fresh water is stored in medicament storage tanks, each medicament storage tank storing a medicament or fresh water, the injection of the medicament and/or fresh water being controlled by a control module.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein extracting the subsurface gas comprises:
air is drawn from a gas exchange well by a blower, wherein the gas exchange well is at least partially disposed in the soil to be improved.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: the gas extracted from the underground is purified by a purification assembly.
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