CN114151785B - Carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO of coal-fired boiler 2 Trapping and utilizing process - Google Patents
Carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO of coal-fired boiler 2 Trapping and utilizing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114151785B CN114151785B CN202111468088.6A CN202111468088A CN114151785B CN 114151785 B CN114151785 B CN 114151785B CN 202111468088 A CN202111468088 A CN 202111468088A CN 114151785 B CN114151785 B CN 114151785B
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- flue gas
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000014075 nitrogen utilization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 14
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035425 carbon utilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
- F23C1/12—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air gaseous and pulverulent fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/003—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
- F23C2202/30—Premixing fluegas with combustion air
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO of a coal-fired boiler 2 The system required by the process comprises a coal dust supply device, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, an oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device, a nitrogen compressor, a carbon-based gas mixer, a gas heat exchanger, a coal-fired boiler, a chimney, a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device, a blower and CO 2 Purification device, CO 2 Deoxidizing device and CO 2 A compressor. The invention has excellent performance in the aspects of yield increase, energy saving and emission reduction, can reduce the unit consumption of pulverized coal per ton steam by 3 to 10 percent, improve the yield by 3 to 10 percent, reduce the emission of flue gas and realize NO x 、SO 2 Ultra-low emissions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of combustion, in particular to carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO of a coal-fired boiler 2 And (5) a capturing and utilizing process.
Background
With global warming reaching various aspects such as ecological safety, water resource safety, grain safety and the like, the risk of extreme climate disasters is aggravated, and the living environment of human beings is seriously threatened. While greenhouse gas emissions are the most dominant contributor to global warming, CO 2 The generated greenhouse effect accounts for more than 70 percent of all greenhouse gases, thus CO 2 Is a problem to be solved urgently for controlling greenhouse effect and reducing global warming.
At present, the coal-fired boiler mostly adopts air for combustion supporting, only 21% of oxygen in the air participates in combustion, 78% of nitrogen does not participate in combustion, and a large amount of nitrogenIs heated unnecessarily and discharged into the atmosphere at high temperature, which causes a great deal of heat loss and high fuel consumption; at the same time, the nitrogen also reacts with oxygen at high temperature to generate NO x ，NO x The gas is discharged into the atmosphere, so that acid rain is easily formed to cause environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO of a coal-fired boiler 2 The trapping and utilizing process solves the defects in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO of coal-fired boiler 2 A capture and utilization process, the system required for the process comprising:
pulverized coal supply means for supplying pulverized coal;
the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used for preparing hydrogen and oxygen;
the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is used for preparing oxygen/oxygen-enriched and nitrogen;
the nitrogen compressor is used for pressurizing and conveying the nitrogen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device to the downstream nitrogen utilization device;
the carbon-based gas mixer is used for mixing the oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen enriched prepared by the oxygen/oxygen enriched preparation device and the circulating flue gas conveyed by the blower to prepare carbon-based gas;
the gas heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the carbon-based gas provided by the carbon-based gas mixer and the circulating flue gas so as to recycle the waste heat of the circulating flue gas to heat the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas;
a coal-fired boiler;
the chimney is used for emptying part of flue gas of the coal-fired boiler and emptying the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler under abnormal working conditions;
the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is used for dehydrating and desulfurizing all or part of the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery;
the blower is used for conveying part of the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization to the carbon-based gas mixer in a pressurized manner;
CO 2 the purification device is used for purifying part of the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization;
CO 2 the deoxidizing device is used for purifying and deoxidizing the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration, desulfurization and purification to prepare CO 2 A product;
CO 2 compressor for converting CO 2 CO obtained by deoxidizing device 2 Pressurized delivery of product to downstream CO 2 A utilization device;
the circulating flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler is connected with a gas heat exchanger, the circulating flue gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger is respectively connected with a chimney and a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device, and the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is respectively connected with a blower and CO 2 The purifying device is connected; the air blower is connected with the carbon-based gas mixer, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the air blower and the carbon-based gas mixer; the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air preparation device and the carbon-based gas mixer are connected, and flow regulating valves are arranged on connecting pipelines of the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air preparation device and the carbon-based gas mixer; the carbon-based gas mixer is connected with the gas heat exchanger, a flow detector, a temperature detector, a pressure detector, an oxygen purity detector and a flow regulating valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the carbon-based gas mixer and the gas heat exchanger, and a carbon-based gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger is connected with the coal-fired boiler; the hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected with a gas heat exchanger, the hydrogen outlet of the gas heat exchanger is connected with a coal-fired boiler, and the outlet of the coal powder supply device is connected with the coal-fired boiler;
CO 2 purification device, CO 2 Deoxidizing device and CO 2 The compressors are connected in turn, CO 2 The compressor being connected to downstream CO 2 The water outlet of the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is connected with the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device by the utilization device; the nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is connected with a nitrogen compressor, and the nitrogen compressor is connected to a downstream nitrogen utilization device;
the process comprises the following steps:
1) The coal-fired boiler utilizes air to support combustion in the initial stage, carbon-based gas prepared by mixing circulating flue gas and oxygen/oxygen-enriched air is used as a combustion improver after the flue gas is generated, the carbon-based gas gradually replaces the air to support combustion, and after a period of circulation, the carbon-based gas completely or partially replaces the air to support combustion, and the carbon-based gas supports combustion to enter a normal running state;
2) Introducing the circulating flue gas from the coal-fired boiler into a gas heat exchanger, and exchanging heat between hydrogen gas and a combustion gas carbon-based gas prepared by a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, so as to recycle the waste heat of the circulating flue gas; introducing the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery into a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device for dehydration and desulfurization; introducing part of the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization into a blower, pressurizing by the blower, and introducing into a carbon-based gas mixer; introducing oxygen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched water electrolysis hydrogen production device into a carbon-based gas mixer; the circulating flue gas and oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas are uniformly mixed in a carbon-based gas mixer to obtain carbon-based gas; the carbon-based gas is introduced into a gas heat exchanger and is heated by the waste heat of the circulating flue gas and then is sent into a coal-fired boiler for assisting the fuel gas; the hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is introduced into a gas heat exchanger to be heated by the waste heat of the circulating flue gas and then is sent into a coal-fired boiler to be used for fuel together with coal dust;
3) Introducing CO into the rest part of the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization 2 Purifying by a purifying device, and introducing CO 2 Purifying and deoxidizing by a deoxidizing device to obtain CO 2 Product, using CO 2 The compressor uses CO 2 Pressurized delivery of product to downstream CO 2 A utilization device; the nitrogen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is pressurized and conveyed to a downstream nitrogen utilization device by a nitrogen compressor.
Further, the carbon-based gas mixer comprises an outer cylinder, wherein one end of the outer cylinder is provided with an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe and a circulating flue gas inlet pipe, and the other end of the outer cylinder is provided with a carbon-based gas outlet pipe; the inner part of the outer cylinder close to the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe and the end of the circulating flue gas inlet pipe are provided with gas distributors, each gas distributor is a circular plate, and a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in each circular plate; the end of the outer cylinder, close to the carbon-based gas outlet pipe, is provided with a gas collector, the gas collector is in a hollow circular truncated cone shape, the large circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is a circular plate, a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in the circular plate, and the small circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is open and communicated with the carbon-based gas outlet pipe; a plurality of transverse fins and vertical fins are distributed between the gas distributor and the gas collector in the outer cylinder at intervals.
Further, the carbon-based gas mixer is made of stainless steel.
Still further, the carbon-based gas mixer workflow is as follows:
oxygen/oxygen-enriched air enters the outer cylinder from an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe, circulating flue gas enters the outer cylinder from a circulating flue gas inlet pipe, and the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air and the circulating flue gas are firstly mixed in advance in front of a gas distributor, then uniformly mixed through uniformly distributed small holes on the gas distributor, then uniformly mixed through uniformly distributed transverse fins and vertical fins, then uniformly distributed through a gas collector, collected and then enter a carbon-based gas outlet pipe, and finally sent out of a carbon-based gas mixer.
Further, the blower is a variable frequency blower.
Further, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device and the external green electric device are connected.
Further, the nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is also connected to the blower inlet.
Further, the original primary fan and the secondary fan are connected to the gas heat exchanger.
Further, in the step 2), CO in the flue gas is recycled after waste heat recovery, dehydration, desulfurization and recycle enrichment 2 The concentration is 30-60 v%; the purity of the oxygen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is more than 99.6v percent, the pressure is 0.05-0.2 Mpa, free water is not contained, the purity of the oxygen-enriched is 30-60 v percent, the pressure is 0.05-0.2 Mpa, free water is not contained, and the purity of the byproduct nitrogen is more than 99.9v percent; the purity of the hydrogen prepared by the electrolytic hydrogen production device is more than 99.9v percent, the purity of the prepared oxygen is more than 99.2v percent, and no free water exists; the oxygen concentration of the carbon-based gas is 18-30v% and the pressure is 0.05-0.2 MPa.
Further, the carbon-based gas in the step 2) is introduced into a gas heat exchanger and is heated by the waste heat of the circulating flue gas, and then the temperature is increased by 30-50 ℃ and is sent into a coal-fired boiler for assisting the fuel gas; the hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is introduced into a gas heat exchanger to be heated by the waste heat of the circulating flue gas, then the temperature is increased by 30-50 ℃ and is sent into a coal-fired boiler to be used for fuel together with coal dust.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes the circulating flue gas (CO) 2 30-60% by volume of water content), and oxygen prepared by an oxygen/oxygen-enriched water electrolysis hydrogen production device to prepare carbon-based gas with oxygen concentration suitable for a coal-fired boiler, wherein the carbon-based gas is used as fuel gas of the coal-fired boiler, and hydrogen prepared by the coal dust and water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as fuel, and CO in circulating flue gas is used in a high-temperature area of combustion of the coal-fired boiler 2 Replace or partially replace nitrogen in combustion air, avoid or reduce the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides in the combustion process, realize ultralow emission of nitrogen oxides, and cooperatively remove SO 2 The radiation intensity in the coal-fired boiler is greatly improved, and the remarkable effects of energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved; meanwhile, the oxygen content in the carbon-based gas entering the coal-fired boiler can be adjusted according to the raw material change and the furnace temperature change, so that the combustion effect is effectively enhanced, the reaction is more complete, the yield is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced. In addition, because the circulating flue gas CO is improved 2 Concentration (30-60 v%, moisture was removed) of CO 2 The trapping is easier, favorable conditions are created for low-cost CCUS (carbon capture, carbon utilization and carbon storage), and the trapped CO is 2 Can be used for oil field exploitation and sealing, steel slag mineralization, concrete mineralization, red mud solidification, chemical industry (mainly comprising production of products such as methanol, urea, carbonic ester, carbon monoxide and the like), and food CO 2 Fields of storage, preservation and the like, realize CO 2 Partial recovery, CO reduction 2 Reducing the greenhouse effect. The invention has excellent performance in the aspects of yield increase, energy saving and emission reduction, can reduce the unit consumption of pulverized coal per ton steam by 3 to 10 percent, improve the yield by 3 to 10 percent, reduce the emission of flue gas and realize NO x 、SO 2 Ultra-low emissions.
2. The invention uses the green electricity produced by renewable energy to supply electricity to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device to prepare oxygen and hydrogen by adopting a water electrolysis process, is used for combustion supporting and burning of a coal-fired boiler, and also uses the green electricity produced by renewable energy to supply electricity to the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device to prepare oxygen/oxygen-enriched and nitrogen by adopting a cryogenic method, thereby further reducing carbon emission, reducing greenhouse effect and achieving the effects of green and energy conservation.
3. The invention uses the hydrogen and the coal powder prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device as fuel, uses the hydrogen for combustion of the coal-fired boiler, increases the moisture generated in the combustion process, saves water resources by cooling, condensing and recycling, and is more environment-friendly.
4. The invention discloses a carbon-based gas mixer, wherein a gas distributor is arranged at a near end part in an outer cylinder, a gas collector is arranged at the other end part of the outer cylinder, a plurality of transverse fins and vertical fins are distributed between the gas distributor and the gas collector at intervals, oxygen/oxygen-enriched and circulating flue gas enter the outer cylinder from respective air inlet pipes, pass through small holes uniformly distributed on the gas distributor after preliminary mixing before the gas distributor, pass through the transverse fins and the vertical fins uniformly distributed at intervals, pass through the small holes uniformly distributed on the gas collector, and enter a carbon-based gas outlet pipe after being collected. The oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas are mixed in two steps, firstly, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas are mixed in advance of the gas distributor, then the flowing direction of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas after the preliminary mixing is continuously changed in two fins which are distributed at intervals, so that the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas are fully and uniformly mixed, and the mixing effect is enhanced. The small holes uniformly distributed on the gas distributor enable the primarily mixed gas to uniformly enter, so that the flow is not easy to bias, and the uniform mixing in the second step is facilitated. The gas collector is round table-shaped, so that the gas after uniform mixing is collected, and meanwhile, the gas collector has the functions of supporting the transverse fins and the vertical fins and preventing the fins from entering the carbon-based gas outlet pipe.
5. The invention uses the waste heat of the circulating flue gas to exchange heat with the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas, can improve the temperature of the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas by 30-50 ℃, improve the combustion efficiency and reduce the fuel consumption.
6. The circulating flue gas is enriched by circulation and then is CO 2 The concentration is 30-60% v, the recycled flue gas after the waste heat recovery of the gas heat exchanger is dehydrated and desulfurized by a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device, and the CO is reduced by the recycled flue gas after cooling, dehydration and desulfurization 2 Dew point corrosion to equipment such as pipelines, blowers and the like. Meanwhile, when the carbon-based gas is matched, oxygen/oxygen enriched without moisture is added into the circulating flue gas, the dew point of the circulating flue gas is reduced, and the CO is further reduced 2 Dew point corrosion to equipment such as pipelines, blowers and the like.
7. The optimization of the combustion environment ensures that the temperature distribution in the coal-fired boiler is more reasonable, and the service life of the coal-fired boiler is effectively prolonged.
8. The carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion technology of the invention not only can increase the blackness of flame, accelerate the combustion speed and raise the flame temperature, but also can fully burn off unburnt matters carried in smoke and reduce the blackness of smoke exhaust. The combustible harmful gas formed by combustion decomposition is fully combusted, so that the generation of the harmful gas is reduced. The temperature and the amount of discharged smoke are obviously reduced, and the heat pollution is reduced.
9. The implementation of the carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion technology does not need to change the body structure of the coal-fired boiler, and only partially optimizes and reforms a combustion-supporting system, a combustion system and a circulating flue gas system. Meanwhile, the original primary fan and the secondary fan are still reserved, and when the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device and the water electrolysis hydrogen production device are abnormal, the device can be switched to air combustion supporting without disturbance, so that the normal oxygen supply and combustion of the coal-fired boiler are ensured.
10. The nitrogen gas by-produced by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device can be used for downstream devices, such as oil field auxiliary oil extraction, lithium battery production, chemical industry (mainly comprising liquid ammonia production, liquefied liquid nitrogen production, replacement gas or shielding gas and the like) and the like. Nitrogen may also be provided during shut-down to replace the purge blower and the front and back lines.
11. The invention adopts carbon-based gas to replace 40-100% (small-scale coal-fired boiler can be fully replaced; large-scale coal-fired boiler can be partially replaced) combustion air, thereby avoiding or reducing the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides in the combustion process, the full replacement can stop running the denitration device, the partial replacement can reduce the denitration operation cost, the newly built boiler can reduce the investment cost and the operation cost of the denitration device, and simultaneously the ultralow emission of the nitrogen oxides is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure required by the process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a carbon-based gas mixer.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the gas distributor structure (a front, b side) in a carbon-based gas mixer.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a gas collector (a front, b side) in a carbon-based gas mixer.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to examples and figures. The following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO of coal-fired boiler 2 The trapping and utilizing process is shown in figure 1, and the required system of the process comprises a coal dust supply device 12, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, an oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device 2, a nitrogen compressor 10, a carbon-based gas mixer 5, a gas heat exchanger 6, a coal-fired boiler 7, a chimney 11, a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8, a blower 4 and CO 2 Purification device 13, CO 2 Deoxidizing device 3 and CO 2 A compressor 9.
The pulverized coal supply device 12 is used for supplying pulverized coal.
The water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 is a water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 which is conventional in the art, hydrogen and oxygen are prepared by utilizing a water electrolysis process, the purity of the hydrogen is more than 99.9% by volume, the purity of the oxygen is more than 99.2% by volume, and free water is not contained in the oxygen. The electricity of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 is preferably green electricity produced by an external green electricity device, wherein the green electricity device adopts renewable energy sources such as wind power, solar energy, biomass or geothermal energy to generate electricity, and the obtained electricity is green electricity. The hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 is heated by the gas heat exchanger 6 and then is sent into the coal-fired boiler 7 to be used as fuel together with coal dust, and the proportion of the hydrogen to the total fuel amount is generally determined according to the green electricity amount and is generally 10% -20%. The oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 and the oxygen/oxygen enriched prepared by the oxygen/oxygen enriched preparation device 2 are taken as oxygen sources to be sent into the carbon-based gas mixer 5, and the proportion of the oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 to the total oxygen amount is generally 10% -20% according to the green electricity amount.
The oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 adopts a cryogenic method to prepare oxygen, firstly compresses and cools air, liquefies the air, makes gas and liquid contact on a rectifying tower plate by utilizing the difference of boiling points of oxygen and nitrogen components, carries out mass and heat exchange, continuously condenses the high-boiling-point oxygen components into liquid from steam, continuously transfers the low-boiling-point nitrogen components into the steam, continuously improves the nitrogen content in the rising steam, and increases the oxygen content in the downstream liquid, thereby separating the oxygen and the nitrogen to obtain oxygen with the purity of more than 99.6v percent and the pressure of 0.05-0.2 MPa, and obtaining oxygen with the purity of 30-60 v percent and the pressure of 0.05-0.2 MPa, wherein the oxygen with the purity of more than 99.9v percent is obtained. The oxygen/oxygen enriched production plant 2 power is also preferably green power produced using an external green power plant.
A nitrogen compressor 10 for pressurizing and delivering the nitrogen gas produced by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched producing device 2 to a downstream nitrogen utilizing device.
And the carbon-based gas mixer 5 is used for mixing the oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, the oxygen/oxygen enriched prepared by the oxygen/oxygen enriched preparation device 2 and the circulating flue gas conveyed by the blower 4 to prepare the carbon-based gas. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the carbon-based gas mixer 5 includes an outer cylinder 504, one end of the outer cylinder 504 is provided with an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe 501 and a circulating flue gas inlet pipe 502, and the other end is provided with a carbon-based gas outlet pipe 508; the ends of the oxygen-near/oxygen-rich air inlet pipe 501 and the circulating flue gas inlet pipe 502 in the outer barrel 504 are provided with gas distributors 503, the gas distributors 503 are circular plates, and a plurality of small holes 5031 are uniformly formed in the circular plates; the end, close to the carbon-based gas outlet pipe 508, of the outer barrel 504 is provided with a gas collector 507, the gas collector 507 is in a hollow truncated cone shape, the large round end of the hollow truncated cone shape is a round plate, a plurality of small holes 5071 are uniformly formed in the round plate, and the small round end of the hollow truncated cone shape is opened and communicated with the carbon-based gas outlet pipe 508; a plurality of transverse fins 506 and vertical fins 505 are spaced apart between the gas distributor 503 and the gas collector 507 within the outer barrel 504. The carbon-based gas mixer 5 is preferably made of stainless steel. Oxygen/oxygen-enriched air enters the outer barrel 504 from the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe 501, circulating flue gas enters the outer barrel 504 from the circulating flue gas inlet pipe 502, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air and the circulating flue gas firstly pass through small holes 5031 uniformly distributed on the gas distributor 503 after being primarily mixed in front of the gas distributor 503, then pass through transverse fins 506 and vertical fins 505 which are distributed at intervals, the flowing direction of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air and the circulating flue gas is continuously changed in the two fins 506 and 505 which are distributed at intervals, so that the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air and the circulating flue gas are fully and uniformly mixed, then pass through small holes uniformly distributed on the gas collector 507 and are collected and enter a carbon-based gas outlet pipe 508, and finally are sent out of the carbon-based gas mixer 5.
The gas heat exchanger 6 is used for exchanging heat between the hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, the carbon-based gas provided by the carbon-based gas mixer 5 and the circulating flue gas so as to recycle the waste heat of the circulating flue gas to heat the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas.
A coal-fired boiler 7.
And the chimney 11 is used for emptying part of the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler 7 and emptying the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler 7 under abnormal working conditions.
The flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 is used for dehydrating all or part of the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery, namely, separating saturated water from the recycled flue gas after cooling and desulfurizing the recycled flue gas, and the desulfurization is realized by adopting a conventional technical means in the field.
And the blower 4 is used for conveying part of the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization to the carbon-based gas mixer 5 under pressure. The blower 4 is preferably a variable frequency blower. The air blower 4 outlet is equipped with relief valve and backpressure valve, and when the outlet pressure was too high, the circulation flue gas can in time return air blower 4 entrance, prevents that air blower 4 outlet pressure from being too high from causing harmful effects to air blower 4.
CO 2 The purifying device 13 is used for purifying part of the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization, and the pressure swing adsorption PSA device can be used for purifying the recycled flue gas CO 2 Purifying to a concentration of 95v% or more.
CO 2 The deoxidizing device 3 is used for purifying and deoxidizing the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration, desulfurization and purification to prepare CO 2 And (5) a product. The deoxidizer is used for deoxidizing by using a deoxidizer which is conventional in the technical field, and trace dust can be removed while deoxidizing. Downstream CO 2 Utilization partThe field of oxygen content sensitive purification and deoxidation is directly carried out by the following CO without the need of the device if the oxygen content is insensitive 2 The compressor 9 is fed under pressure to the downstream CO 2 The device is utilized.
CO 2 A compressor 9 for compressing CO 2 CO obtained by the deoxidizing device 3 2 Pressurized delivery of product to downstream CO 2 The device is utilized.
The circulating flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler 7 is connected with the gas heat exchanger 6, the circulating flue gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger 6 is respectively connected with the chimney 11 and the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8, and the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 is respectively connected with the blower 4 and the CO 2 The purifying device 13 is connected; the air blower 4 is connected with the carbon-based gas mixer 5, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the air blower 4 and the carbon-based gas mixer 5; the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 and the carbon-based gas mixer 5 are connected, and flow regulating valves are arranged on connecting pipelines of the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 and the carbon-based gas mixer 5; the carbon-based gas mixer 5 and the gas heat exchanger 6 are connected, a flow detector, a temperature detector, a pressure detector, an oxygen purity detector and a flow regulating valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the carbon-based gas mixer 5 and the gas heat exchanger 6, and a carbon-based gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger 6 is connected with the coal-fired boiler 7; the hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 is connected with the gas heat exchanger 6, the hydrogen outlet of the gas heat exchanger 6 is connected with the coal-fired boiler 7, and the outlet of the coal powder supply device 12 is connected with the coal-fired boiler 7.
CO 2 Purification device 13, CO 2 Deoxidizing device 3 and CO 2 The compressors 9 are connected in turn, CO 2 The compressor 9 is connected to downstream CO 2 The water outlet of the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 is connected with the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 (not shown in fig. 1), and the saturated water separated by the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 is used as the circulating water of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2. The nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 is respectively connected with the nitrogen compressor 10 and the inlet of the blower 4, the nitrogen compressor 10 is connected with a downstream nitrogen utilization device, and the nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 and the inlet of the blower 4In connection, nitrogen may be provided to replace the purge blower 4 and the front and back lines during a shutdown. The original primary air blower and the secondary air blower (not shown in fig. 1) are connected to the gas heat exchanger 6 to provide partial combustion air, or supplement air when the flue gas amount is insufficient, or can be switched to air combustion without disturbance under the abnormal condition of carbon-based gas combustion, so as to ensure the normal oxygen supply and combustion of the coal-fired boiler 7.
The process comprises the following steps:
1) The coal-fired boiler 7 utilizes air to support combustion in the initial stage, and utilizes carbon-based gas prepared by mixing circulating flue gas and oxygen/oxygen-enriched air as a combustion improver after the flue gas is generated to gradually replace air to support combustion, and the carbon-based gas completely or partially replaces air to support combustion after 5-10 hours of circulation, so that the carbon-based gas supports combustion and enters a normal running state; CO in circulating flue gas 2 The concentration is gradually enriched to 30-60 v% (moisture is removed);
2) The circulating flue gas (comprising primary air, secondary air and tertiary air) is led into a gas heat exchanger 6 from a coal-fired boiler 7 to exchange heat with hydrogen gas and combustion gas carbon-based gas prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, and the waste heat of the circulating flue gas is recovered; the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery is introduced into a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 for dehydration and desulfurization, and CO in the recycled flue gas is recycled after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization and recycling enrichment 2 The concentration is 30-60 v%; introducing part of the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization into a blower 4, pressurizing by the blower 4, and introducing the part of the circulating flue gas into a carbon-based gas mixer 5; oxygen (purity of 99.6v% or more, pressure of 0.05-0.2 MPa, free water free)/oxygen-enriched (purity of 30-60 v%, pressure of 0.05-0.2 MPa, free water free) prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2, oxygen (purity of 99.2v% or more, free water free) prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 are introduced into the carbon-based gas mixer 5; the circulating flue gas and oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas are uniformly mixed in a carbon-based gas mixer 5 to obtain carbon-based gas, the circulating flue gas is regulated in flow by a blower 4 (the blower is a variable frequency blower and can regulate the gas flow by the blower) or a flow regulating valve, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas is regulated in flow by the flow regulating valve, the oxygen concentration in the carbon-based gas is controlled to be 18-30 v%, and the pressure is controlled to be 0.05-0.2 MPa;the carbon-based gas is introduced into a gas heat exchanger 6 and is heated by the waste heat of the circulating flue gas, and then is sent into a coal-fired boiler 7 at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ for assisting the fuel gas; the hydrogen (purity is more than 99.9 v%) prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 is introduced into the gas heat exchanger 6, heated by the waste heat of the circulating flue gas, then is sent into the coal-fired boiler 7 at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ and is used for fuel together with coal dust;
3) Introducing CO into the rest part of the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization 2 Purification by purification device 13, reintroduction of CO 2 The deoxidizing device 3 purifies and deoxidizes to obtain CO 2 Product, using CO 2 The compressor 9 converts CO 2 Pressurized delivery of product to downstream CO 2 Downstream CO using apparatus 2 The method comprises the steps of oil field exploitation and sealing, steel slag mineralization, concrete mineralization, red mud solidification, chemical industry (mainly comprising the production of products such as methanol, urea, carbonic ester, carbon monoxide and the like), and food CO 2 Storage and preservation fields; the nitrogen (purity is above 99.9 v%) prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 is pressurized and conveyed to a downstream nitrogen utilization device by a nitrogen compressor 10, and the downstream nitrogen utilization comprises the fields of oil field auxiliary oil extraction, lithium electricity production, chemical industry (mainly comprising liquid ammonia production, liquefied liquid nitrogen, replacement gas or shielding gas and the like).
Claims (10)
1. Carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO of coal-fired boiler 2 A capture and utilization process, wherein the system required for the process comprises:
pulverized coal supply means for supplying pulverized coal;
the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used for preparing hydrogen and oxygen;
the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is used for preparing oxygen/oxygen-enriched and nitrogen;
the nitrogen compressor is used for pressurizing and conveying the nitrogen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device to the downstream nitrogen utilization device;
the carbon-based gas mixer is used for mixing the oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen enriched prepared by the oxygen/oxygen enriched preparation device and the circulating flue gas conveyed by the blower to prepare carbon-based gas;
the gas heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the carbon-based gas provided by the carbon-based gas mixer and the circulating flue gas so as to recycle the waste heat of the circulating flue gas to heat the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas;
a coal-fired boiler;
the chimney is used for emptying part of flue gas of the coal-fired boiler and emptying the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler under abnormal working conditions;
the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is used for dehydrating and desulfurizing all or part of the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery;
the blower is used for conveying part of the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization to the carbon-based gas mixer in a pressurized manner;
CO 2 the purification device is used for purifying part of the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization;
CO 2 the deoxidizing device is used for purifying and deoxidizing the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration, desulfurization and purification to prepare CO 2 A product;
CO 2 compressor for converting CO 2 CO obtained by deoxidizing device 2 Pressurized delivery of product to downstream CO 2 A utilization device;
the circulating flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler is connected with a gas heat exchanger, the circulating flue gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger is respectively connected with a chimney and a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device, and the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is respectively connected with a blower and CO 2 The purifying device is connected; the air blower is connected with the carbon-based gas mixer, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the air blower and the carbon-based gas mixer; the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air preparation device and the carbon-based gas mixer are connected, and flow regulating valves are arranged on connecting pipelines of the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air preparation device and the carbon-based gas mixer; the carbon-based gas mixer is connected with the gas heat exchanger, a flow detector, a temperature detector, a pressure detector, an oxygen purity detector and a flow regulating valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the carbon-based gas mixer and the gas heat exchanger, and a carbon-based gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger is connected with the coal-fired boiler; water electrolysis hydrogen production deviceThe hydrogen outlet of the gas heat exchanger is connected with the coal-fired boiler, and the outlet of the coal powder supply device is connected with the coal-fired boiler;
CO 2 purification device, CO 2 Deoxidizing device and CO 2 The compressors are connected in turn, CO 2 The compressor being connected to downstream CO 2 The water outlet of the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is connected with the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device by the utilization device; the nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is connected with a nitrogen compressor, and the nitrogen compressor is connected to a downstream nitrogen utilization device;
the process comprises the following steps:
1) The coal-fired boiler utilizes air to support combustion in the initial stage, carbon-based gas prepared by mixing circulating flue gas and oxygen/oxygen-enriched air is used as a combustion improver after the flue gas is generated, the carbon-based gas gradually replaces the air to support combustion, and after a period of circulation, the carbon-based gas completely or partially replaces the air to support combustion, and the carbon-based gas supports combustion to enter a normal running state;
2) Introducing the circulating flue gas from the coal-fired boiler into a gas heat exchanger, and exchanging heat between hydrogen gas and a combustion gas carbon-based gas prepared by a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, so as to recycle the waste heat of the circulating flue gas; introducing the recycled flue gas after waste heat recovery into a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device for dehydration and desulfurization; introducing part of the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization into a blower, pressurizing by the blower, and introducing into a carbon-based gas mixer; introducing oxygen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched water electrolysis hydrogen production device into a carbon-based gas mixer; the circulating flue gas and oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas are uniformly mixed in a carbon-based gas mixer to obtain carbon-based gas; the carbon-based gas is introduced into a gas heat exchanger and is heated by the waste heat of the circulating flue gas and then is sent into a coal-fired boiler for assisting the fuel gas; the hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is introduced into a gas heat exchanger to be heated by the waste heat of the circulating flue gas and then is sent into a coal-fired boiler to be used for fuel together with coal dust;
3) Introducing CO into the rest part of the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization 2 Purifying by a purifying device, and introducing CO 2 Purifying and deoxidizing by a deoxidizing device to obtain CO 2 Product, using CO 2 The compressor uses CO 2 Pressurized delivery of product to downstream CO 2 A utilization device; the nitrogen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is pressurized and conveyed to a downstream nitrogen utilization device by a nitrogen compressor.
2. The carbon-based oxyfuel combustion and CO of the coal-fired boiler of claim 1 2 The capturing and utilizing process is characterized in that the carbon-based gas mixer comprises an outer cylinder, wherein one end of the outer cylinder is provided with an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe and a circulating flue gas inlet pipe, and the other end of the outer cylinder is provided with a carbon-based gas outlet pipe; the inner part of the outer cylinder close to the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe and the end of the circulating flue gas inlet pipe are provided with gas distributors, each gas distributor is a circular plate, and a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in each circular plate; the end of the outer cylinder, close to the carbon-based gas outlet pipe, is provided with a gas collector, the gas collector is in a hollow circular truncated cone shape, the large circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is a circular plate, a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in the circular plate, and the small circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is open and communicated with the carbon-based gas outlet pipe; a plurality of transverse fins and vertical fins are distributed between the gas distributor and the gas collector in the outer cylinder at intervals.
3. The carbon-based oxyfuel combustion and CO of coal-fired boiler of claim 2 2 The capturing and utilizing process is characterized in that the carbon-based gas mixer is made of stainless steel.
4. The carbon-based oxyfuel combustion and CO of coal-fired boiler of claim 2 2 The capturing and utilizing process is characterized in that the working flow of the carbon-based gas mixer is as follows:
oxygen/oxygen-enriched air enters the outer cylinder from an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe, circulating flue gas enters the outer cylinder from a circulating flue gas inlet pipe, and the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air and the circulating flue gas are firstly mixed in advance in front of a gas distributor, then uniformly mixed through uniformly distributed small holes on the gas distributor, then uniformly mixed through uniformly distributed transverse fins and vertical fins, then uniformly distributed through a gas collector, collected and then enter a carbon-based gas outlet pipe, and finally sent out of a carbon-based gas mixer.
5. The carbon-based oxyfuel combustion and CO of the coal-fired boiler of claim 1 2 The trapping and utilizing process features that the blower is one variable frequency blower.
6. The carbon-based oxyfuel combustion and CO of the coal-fired boiler of claim 1 2 The trapping and utilizing process is characterized in that the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device and the external green electric device are connected.
7. The carbon-based oxyfuel combustion and CO of the coal-fired boiler of claim 1 2 The trapping and utilizing process is characterized in that the nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is also connected to the inlet of the blower.
8. The carbon-based oxyfuel combustion and CO of the coal-fired boiler of claim 1 2 The trapping and utilizing process features that the primary blower and the secondary blower are connected to the gas heat exchanger.
9. The carbon-based oxyfuel combustion and CO of the coal-fired boiler of claim 1 2 The trapping and utilizing process is characterized in that CO in the circulating flue gas is recycled after waste heat recovery, dehydration, desulfurization and circulating enrichment in the step 2) 2 The concentration is 30-60 v%; the purity of the oxygen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is more than 99.6v percent, the pressure is 0.05-0.2 Mpa, free water is not contained, the purity of the oxygen-enriched is 30-60 v percent, the pressure is 0.05-0.2 Mpa, free water is not contained, and the purity of the byproduct nitrogen is more than 99.9v percent; the purity of the hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is more than 99.9v percent, the purity of the prepared oxygen is more than 99.2v percent, and no free water exists; the oxygen concentration of the carbon-based gas is 18-30v% and the pressure is 0.05-0.2 MPa.
10. The carbon-based oxyfuel combustion and CO of the coal-fired boiler of claim 1 2 The trapping and utilizing process is characterized in that in the step 2), carbon-based gas is introduced into a gas heat exchanger and is heated by the residual heat of circulating flue gas, and then is sent into a coal-fired boiler for assisting fuel gas, wherein the temperature is increased by 30-50 ℃; water electrolysisThe hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device is introduced into a gas heat exchanger and heated by the waste heat of the circulating flue gas, then the temperature is increased by 30-50 ℃ and is sent into a coal-fired boiler, and the hydrogen and the coal dust are used as fuel together.
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| WO2014207035A1 (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-12-31 | Sargas As | Method and plant for capturing co2 |
| CN105066113A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-18 | 四川川锅锅炉有限责任公司 | Coal-powder boiler oxygen-enriched combustion smoke near-zero emission and power generation system |
| WO2021056423A1 (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-01 | 国电龙源电力技术工程有限责任公司 | Water electrolysis hydrogen production and boiler oxygen-enriched combustion coupled system |
| WO2021156457A1 (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-12 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | A method for supplying oxygen-enriched gas to an oxygen-consuming process |
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