CN114112775B - Method for evaluating development and connectivity degree of artificial crack based on imbibition curve - Google Patents
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the development and communication degree of an artificial crack based on a liquid absorption curve, which comprises the following steps: s1, drying a standard rock sample to constant weight; s2, soaking a standard rock sample in the seepage liquid, and recording the change of the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample along with time until the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample is dry to constant weight, so as to obtain a curve I; s3, making a seam on the standard rock sample, and then drying to constant weight; s4, immersing the standard rock sample in the seepage liquid, describing the change of the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample along with time until the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample is dry to constant weight, and obtaining a curve II; and S5, drawing a difference curve III of the curve I and the curve II, and representing the development and the communication degree of the artificial crack through the difference curve III. The shorter time to peak point indicates better connectivity between cracks and the greater final value indicates better development of the artificial crack.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum engineering natural gas development, and is mainly used for evaluating the development and communication degree of an artificial crack, in particular to a method for evaluating the development and communication degree of the artificial crack based on a liquid absorption curve.
Background
Conventional oil gas resources with low development difficulty and good taste are the main force of oil gas productivity, along with the continuous deep exploration and development, the exploration reserves of low-permeability oil gas resources with high exploitation difficulty are increasing year by year, and hydraulic fracturing has become an effective technology for exploitation of such reservoirs. The artificial cracks formed by fracturing the low-permeability oil reservoir communicate with the pores of the reservoir, improve the permeability of the reservoir and provide an effective seepage channel for the flow of reservoir fluid.
After large-scale fracturing transformation of the reservoir, the development degree of the artificial cracks and the connectivity between the cracks are effectively evaluated, and the method is an important precondition for scientifically making a reasonable production system and developing maximum benefit. By researching the prior art, the conventional methods for evaluating crack development and crack-to-crack connectivity are found to be CT scanning technology, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology, scanning electron microscope technology and the like, and the techniques can observe pore-throat distribution of the rock core to obtain information such as the compact degree and the porosity of the rock core, but the method is long in experiment time consumption, high in price and cost, complex in operation process, and untimely in experiments which only need to roughly know the development degree and the communication degree of artificial cracks in the rock.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for evaluating the development and the communication degree of an artificial crack based on a imbibition curve.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for evaluating the development and connectivity of an artificial crack based on a wicking profile, comprising the steps of:
s1, drying a standard rock sample to constant weight;
s2, soaking a standard rock sample in the seepage liquid, and recording the change of the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample along with time until the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample is dry to constant weight, so as to obtain a curve I;
s3, making a seam on the standard rock sample, and then drying to constant weight;
s4, immersing the standard rock sample in the seepage liquid, describing the change of the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample along with time until the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample is dry to constant weight, and obtaining a curve II;
and S5, drawing a difference curve III of the curve I and the curve II, and representing the development and the communication degree of the artificial crack through the difference curve III.
Preferably, in S1, the processed standard rock sample is dried in an oven at 102-108 ℃ to constant weight.
Preferably, in S2, a standard rock sample is suspended on a balance by a non-water-absorbing wire, and the change of the water-absorbing mass of the standard rock sample with time is recorded to obtain a curve I.
Preferably, in S2, deionized water is used as the imbibition solution.
Preferably, in S3, the standard rock sample is slit on a triaxial press, and then dried to constant weight at 102-108 ℃.
Preferably, in S4, a standard rock sample is suspended on a balance by a non-water-absorbing wire, and the change of the water-absorbing mass of the standard rock sample with time is recorded to obtain a curve II.
Preferably, in S4, deionized water is used as the imbibition solution.
Preferably, in S5, when the development and the connection degree of the artificial cracks are represented by the difference curve III, a peak point and a final value of the water absorption amount in the difference curve III are obtained, the connection degree between the cracks is determined according to the time of reaching the peak point, and the development degree between the cracks is determined according to the final value.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for evaluating the development and communication degree of the artificial crack based on the liquid absorption curve, the difference curve III of the curve I and the curve II is drawn through the curve I and the curve II, and the development and communication degree of the artificial crack is represented through the difference curve III; the seam making of the standard rock sample can be realized by the existing press (such as a triaxial press), compared with the existing CT scanning technology, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology, scanning electron microscope technology and the like, the equipment used by the invention is relatively very simple, and the cost, the operation difficulty and the duration of the experiment are saved; in conclusion, the method is simple to operate, achieves the aim of semi-quantitatively knowing the development degree and the communication degree of the artificial fracture, and has important significance for unconventional reservoir fracture design and post-fracturing fracture network qualitative evaluation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is a characteristic diagram of imbibition change before and after fracturing a core of number A1 to form a fracture in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 1 (b) is a characteristic diagram of imbibition change before and after fracturing a core of number A2 to form a fracture in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 1 (c) is a characteristic diagram of imbibition change before and after fracturing a core of number A3 to form a fracture in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 1 (d) is a characteristic diagram of imbibition change before and after fracturing a core of number A4 to form a fracture in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the development and connectivity of an artificial crack based on a imbibition curve;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of experimental data processing and analysis flow in the method for evaluating the development and connectivity of an artificial crack based on a liquid absorption curve.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the examples listed below.
The invention is based on the imbibition principle, and by drawing an imbibition curve (namely, a liquid amount change curve of fluid flowing into a core under the action of capillary force), the situation of micro-cracks formed in the fracturing process can be evaluated, and the development and the communication degree among the cracks can be judged.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the method for evaluating the development and connectivity degree of an artificial crack based on a liquid absorption curve according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, placing a processed standard rock sample in an oven to be dried at 105+/-3 ℃ (+/-3 ℃ being the temperature deviation range of equipment) until the quality is not changed any more;
s2, suspending a rock core (namely the standard rock sample) on a balance through a non-hydroscopic silk thread, soaking the rock core in seepage liquid, recording the change of the water absorption quality of the rock core along with time, drawing a curve I (refer to fig. 1 (a) -1 (d)) according to the change of the water absorption quality of the rock core along with time, and taking out the rock core after the water absorption quality reaches a stable value;
s3, placing a sample (namely the standard rock sample) on a triaxial press for making a seam, and then placing the seamed rock sample in an oven for drying at 105+/-3 ℃ until the quality of the sample is not changed;
s4, suspending the core with the crack on a balance, immersing the core in seepage-absorption liquid, recording the change of the water absorption quality of the core along with time, drawing a curve II (refer to fig. 1 (a) -1 (d)) according to the change of the water absorption quality of the core along with time, ending the experiment after the water absorption quality is stable, and taking out the core;
s5, finally, comparing the difference between the curve I and the curve II, drawing a difference curve III (refer to fig. 1 (a) -1 (d)) of the curve I and the curve II, and reflecting the development and the communication degree of the artificial crack through the difference of the imbibition curves;
specifically, in S5, the experimental data is processed, and the process of analyzing the development and connectivity of the artificial crack includes the following steps:
s5.1, drawing a time-dependent change curve I of core imbibition quality before fracturing, a time-dependent change curve II of core imbibition quality after fracturing and a time-dependent change curve III of difference value of the two. The curve I is a matrix imbibition curve, the curve II is a crack and matrix cooperative imbibition curve, and the difference value of the two curves is a contribution value of the crack to water absorption along with the time change curve III.
S5.2, respectively recording peak points and final values of the water absorption in the difference curve III, judging the communication degree between the cracks according to the length of time for reaching the peak points, and judging the development degree between the cracks according to the size of the final values, wherein the shorter the time for reaching the peak points is, the better the communication between the cracks is, the larger the final values are, the more complex the cracks formed in the core are, namely the better the development degree of the artificial cracks is.
Examples
In order to evaluate connectivity and development degree of the rock sample A at different positions, 4 groups of samples A1, A2, A3 and A4 are taken, and imbibition experiments are respectively carried out on the four cores, wherein the steps are as follows.
Firstly, drying the processed standard rock sample in an oven at 105 ℃ until the quality is no longer changed, as shown by S1 in fig. 2;
secondly, hanging the core on a balance through a non-water-absorbing silk thread, soaking the core in imbibition liquid, recording the change of the water absorption quality of the core along with time, recording the change as a curve I (i.e. a matrix imbibition curve), and taking out the core after the water absorption quality reaches a stable value, as shown by S2 in fig. 2;
thirdly, placing the sample on a triaxial press for making a seam, and then placing the seamed rock sample in an oven for drying at 105 ℃ until the quality is no longer changed, as shown by S3 in FIG. 2;
step four, suspending the core with the crack on a balance, soaking the core in the imbibition liquid, recording the change of the water absorption quality of the core along with time, recording the change as a curve II (namely a crack and matrix synergetic water absorption curve), ending the experiment after the water absorption quality is stable, and taking out the core, as shown in S4 in fig. 2;
and step five, processing and analyzing the experimental data, as shown in S5 in FIG. 2. And respectively drawing a time-dependent change curve of the core imbibition quality of the four cores A1, A2, A3 and A4 before fracturing and after fracturing, and a time-dependent change curve III of the imbibition difference value of the two cores (namely the contribution of the crack to water absorption), as shown in the following figures 1 (a) -1 (d).
The curve results show that: the water absorption of the matrix core of A1, A2, A3 and A4 and the water absorption of the matrix and the water absorption of the crack are obviously different, the time for reaching the peak value is 5h, 6h, 5h and 3h respectively in the difference curves of the two, and the final values of the difference are 0.005g/cm, 0.006g/cm, 0.005g/cm and 0.0025g/cm respectively. The longer the time to peak, the worse the connectivity between the cracks, the larger the final value, the more complex the cracks formed inside the core, and the better the artificial crack development. Therefore, the connectivity among the cracks of the core A2 is the worst, but the cracks are the best in development complexity; secondly, the core A1 and the core A3 are equivalent in crack development and connectivity; a4 core fracture development is the worst but connectivity is the best.
In conclusion, the triaxial compression experiment system is utilized to develop triaxial compression experiments, and the degree of development of a fracture network and the degree of communication between artificial fractures are evaluated based on the water absorption characteristics of the rock by testing the variation degree of the seepage difference of compact rocks with different lithology before and after the artificial fractures are formed. The method is simple to operate, achieves the aim of knowing the development degree and the communication degree of the artificial fracture semi-quantitatively, and has important significance for unconventional reservoir fracture design and post-fracturing fracture network qualitative assessment. The method overcomes the defects of long time consumption, high cost and complex operation process of the conventional method for evaluating the characteristics of the cracks, and achieves the aim of semi-quantitatively knowing the development degree and the communication degree of the artificial cracks.
The above description is only a few preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify the present invention by using the above technical solutions. Therefore, any simple modification or equivalent substitution made according to the technical solution of the present invention falls within the scope of the protection sought herein.
Claims (6)
1. A method for evaluating the development and connectivity of an artificial crack based on a imbibition curve, comprising the steps of:
s1, drying a standard rock sample to constant weight;
s2, soaking a standard rock sample in the seepage liquid, and recording the change of the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample along with time until the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample is dry to constant weight, so as to obtain a curve I;
s3, making a seam on the standard rock sample, and then drying to constant weight;
s4, immersing the standard rock sample in the seepage liquid, describing the change of the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample along with time until the water absorption quality of the standard rock sample is dry to constant weight, and obtaining a curve II;
s5, drawing a difference curve III of the curve I and the curve II, and representing the development and communication degree of the artificial crack through the difference curve III;
s3, making a seam on a standard rock sample on a triaxial press, and then drying the standard rock sample to constant weight at 102-108 ℃;
and S5, when the development and the communication degree of the artificial cracks are represented by the difference curve III, obtaining a peak point and a final value of the water absorption quantity in the difference curve III, judging the communication degree between the cracks according to the time of reaching the peak point, and judging the development degree between the cracks according to the final value.
2. The method for evaluating the development and connectivity of artificial cracks based on a liquid absorption curve according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the processed standard rock sample is dried in an oven at 102-108 ℃ to constant weight.
3. The method for evaluating the development and communication degree of the artificial crack based on the imbibition curve according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, a standard rock sample is suspended on a balance through a non-hydroscopic wire, and the change of the hydroscopic quality of the standard rock sample with time is recorded to obtain the curve I.
4. The method for evaluating the development and connectivity of an artificial crack based on a liquid suction curve according to claim 1, wherein in S2, deionized water is used for the imbibition liquid.
5. The method for evaluating the development and communication degree of the artificial crack based on the imbibition curve according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, a standard rock sample is hung on a balance through a non-hydroscopic wire, and the change of the hydroscopic quality of the standard rock sample with time is recorded to obtain a curve II.
6. The method for evaluating the development and connectivity of an artificial crack based on a liquid suction curve according to claim 1, wherein in S4, deionized water is used for the imbibition liquid.
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