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CN114058481A - Anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device and method - Google Patents

Anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device and method Download PDF

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CN114058481A
CN114058481A CN202111572266.XA CN202111572266A CN114058481A CN 114058481 A CN114058481 A CN 114058481A CN 202111572266 A CN202111572266 A CN 202111572266A CN 114058481 A CN114058481 A CN 114058481A
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fermentation
biogas
methane
pipe
hydrogen
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苏小红
刘伟
王欣
施付艳
王玉鹏
秦国辉
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Energy and Environment Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province
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Energy and Environment Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province
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    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/38—Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means
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    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
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    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
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    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/30—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration
    • C12M41/34—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration of gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023—Methane
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Abstract

An anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device and method belong to the field of biogas preparation by anaerobic fermentation. The invention solves the problems that the existing anaerobic fermentation device has low gas production efficiency, and the decarbonization device is additionally arranged, so that the structure is complex, and the anaerobic fermentation cost is increased. The fermentation device comprises a hydrogen input pipe, a methane output pipe, a fermentation device and a methane measuring device, wherein fermentation liquor is arranged in the fermentation device, one end of the hydrogen input pipe penetrates through the fermentation device and is arranged below the liquid level of the fermentation liquor, the other end of the hydrogen input pipe is connected with exogenous hydrogen, one end of the methane output pipe penetrates through the fermentation device and is arranged above the liquid level of the fermentation liquor, and the other end of the methane output pipe is connected with the methane measuring device. The anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device and method provided by the invention are simple in structure, effectively enhance the methanogenesis approach of methanogens hydrogenophila by exogenous hydrogen, improve the methane yield, reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, reduce the cost of anaerobic fermentation biogas and are beneficial to economic development.

Description

Anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of methane preparation through anaerobic fermentation, in particular to an in-situ decarburization device and method specially used in the process of anaerobic fermentation of methane.
Background
The marsh gas generated by organic waste is mainly composed of CH4And CO2Composition of, CH4The highest proportion is about 60 percent, and CO2The proportion can reach more than 30 percent, and the generated biogas can be used for power generation, biogas and the like after purification and purification, and the biogas is an upgraded version of rural biogas. CH of biogas450% -65% of CH in purified and purified biogas4The content exceeds 97 percent, is equivalent to the conventional natural gas, and has better application prospect. In the anaerobic fermentation process, CH is produced through the metabolism of microorganisms4The metabolic pathway mainly comprises the production of CH by methanogen acetate through acetic acid4And CO2The methanogen hydrogenophilus utilizes hydrogen and CO2Generating CH4；
The organic waste materials in China are rich, such as crop straws, livestock and poultry manure, kitchen waste and the like, the anaerobic fermentation technology is utilized to convert the organic waste gases into biogas, the potential is great, the generated biogas slurry and biogas residues can be further utilized, and CH in biogas components4The highest proportion is about 60 percent, and CO2The proportion can reach more than 30 percent;
the existing anaerobic fermentation device has the following defects in the fermentation process:
1. the existing anaerobic fermentation device has low gas production efficiency and low content of produced methane, and generates more carbon dioxide gas to be discharged in the anaerobic fermentation process, thereby being not beneficial to the development of carbon emission reduction;
2. the existing anaerobic fermentation device needs to be additionally provided with a decarbonization device to treat carbon dioxide gas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process for reducing the emission of the carbon dioxide gas, and the additional installation of the decarbonization device leads to the complex structure of the anaerobic fermentation device and improves the cost of the anaerobic fermentation.
In summary, an anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device and method with high output efficiency, simple structure and low anaerobic fermentation cost are provided to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that the existing anaerobic fermentation device has low gas production efficiency, the structure is complicated due to the additional installation of a decarbonization device, and the anaerobic fermentation cost is increased, and further discloses an anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarbonization device and a method. The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or critical elements of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the first scheme is as follows: an anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device comprises a hydrogen input pipe, a biogas output pipe, a fermentation device and a biogas measurement device, wherein fermentation liquor is arranged in the fermentation device, one end of the hydrogen input pipe penetrates through the fermentation device and is arranged below the liquid level of the fermentation liquor, the other end of the hydrogen input pipe is connected with exogenous hydrogen, one end of the biogas output pipe penetrates through the fermentation device and is arranged above the liquid level of the fermentation liquor, and the other end of the biogas output pipe is connected with the biogas measurement device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: exogenous hydrogen is introduced into the anaerobic fermentation device, so that the methane production way of the hydrogenophilic methanogen is enhanced, and the methane yield is improved; the carbon dioxide emission is reduced, the contribution is made to carbon emission reduction, compared with the existing anaerobic fermentation device, the structure is simple, the content of the produced biogas is high, a simple and efficient biogas decarbonization method is provided, and the cost of adding a decarbonization device outside the anaerobic fermentation device is reduced.
As an improvement, the hydrogen input pipe is communicated with the exogenous hydrogen through a first connecting pipe, the methane output pipe is communicated with the methane measuring device through a second connecting pipe, and the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are rubber hoses, so that the adaptability of hydrogen input and methane output is improved.
As an improvement, a gas flow pump is arranged on the first connecting pipe and used for controlling the flow rate of the exogenous hydrogen and controlling the amount of the hydrogen input into the fermentation device.
As an improvement, the fermentation device comprises a fermentation container and an upper cover, wherein the upper cover is in threaded connection with the fermentation container, and the threaded connection between the upper cover and the fermentation container improves the air tightness of the fermentation container and prevents air from leaking.
As an improvement, the upper cover comprises a shell and a rubber plug, the rubber plug is arranged in the shell, and a through hole for the penetration of the hydrogen input pipe and the methane output pipe is processed in the rubber plug.
Scheme II: an anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization method based on a first scheme comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the fermentation raw material in a fermentation device, and soaking the fermentation raw material for 72 hours by using sodium hydroxide with the concentration of 4%;
step two: inserting one end of a hydrogen input pipe into the fermentation device and below the liquid level of the fermentation liquid, inserting one end of a biogas output pipe into the fermentation device and above the liquid level of the fermentation liquid, and arranging the other ends of the hydrogen input pipe and the biogas output pipe outside the fermentation device;
step three: connecting a biogas output pipe to a biogas measuring device, introducing exogenous hydrogen into the fermentation device through a hydrogen input pipe, introducing 100ml of hydrogen three times a day for fermentation for 16 days, and recording the daily biogas yield through the biogas measuring device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of the daily output of biogas from an anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device with that of a conventional device;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the methane content of an anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device with that of a conventional device;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the accumulated gas production of the anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device with that of the prior device.
In the figure, 1-exogenous hydrogen, 2-gas flow pump, 3-first connecting pipe, 4-hydrogen input pipe, 5-biogas output pipe, 6-fermentation device, 7-fermentation liquid, 8-second connecting pipe, 9-biogas measuring device, 10-fermentation container, 11-upper cover, 12-shell, 13-rubber plug.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be described by way of example only, and in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the following description, moreover, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device of the embodiment includes a hydrogen input pipe 4, a biogas output pipe 5, a fermentation device 6 and a biogas measurement device 9, wherein the hydrogen input pipe 4 and the biogas output pipe 5 pass through the fermentation device 6 and are arranged inside the fermentation device 6, the end of the hydrogen input pipe 4 is arranged below the liquid level of a fermentation liquid 7, the end of the biogas output pipe 5 is arranged above the fermentation liquid 7, the fermentation liquid 7 is fermented to generate biogas, the biogas is output into the biogas measurement device 9 through the biogas output pipe 5, a fixed amount of exogenous hydrogen 1 is periodically and regularly input into the fermentation device 6 through the hydrogen input pipe 4, the exogenous hydrogen 1 enhances the metabolic pathway of methanotrophic bacteria in the fermentation liquid 7, and the daily output, methane production rate, and methane production rate are increased by the fermentation rate are increased, and methane production rate are increased, increased by the fermentation rate are increased, and the fermentation rate are increased, and the like, and the fermentation rate are increased, and the like, increased, and the increased, and the like, and the fermentation rate are increased, and the like, and the fermentation rate are increased, and the like of the fermentation rate are increased, and the fermentation rate are increased, and the like, and the fermentation rate are increased, and the like of the like, and the fermentation rate are increased, and the fermentation rate are increased, increased, The methane content and the accumulated methane yield are far higher than the output of the existing device, the methane yield of the fermentation liquor is obviously improved, the emission of carbon dioxide gas is reduced, and the continuous development of carbon emission is facilitated.
Example 2, referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present example is described, in which the anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarbonization device of the present example includes a hydrogen input pipe 4, a biogas output pipe 5, a fermentation device 6 and a biogas measurement device 9, the fermentation device 6 includes a fermentation container 10 and an upper cover 11, a fermentation raw material is placed in a fermentation liquid 7 in the fermentation container 10, then the upper cover 11 is screwed on the fermentation container 10, the hydrogen input pipe 4 and the biogas output pipe 5 respectively extend into the fermentation container 10 through a through hole of a rubber plug 13 on the upper cover 11, an end of the hydrogen input pipe 4 is disposed below a liquid level of the fermentation liquid 7, an end of the biogas output pipe 5 is disposed above the fermentation liquid 7, the fermentation liquid 7 is fermented to generate biogas, a gas flow pump 2 is disposed outside the fermentation container 10, the gas flow pump 2 is connected to the hydrogen input pipe 4 through a first connection pipe 3, exogenous hydrogen 1 is input through a gas flow pump 2 and is input into a fermentation liquid 7 through a first connecting pipe 3 and a hydrogen input pipe 4 in sequence, the flow of the exogenous hydrogen 1 is controlled through the gas flow pump 2, biogas generated by the fermentation liquid 7 is input into a biogas measuring device 9 through a biogas output pipe 5 and a second connecting pipe 8 in sequence, the biogas output quantity of the fermentation liquid is monitored through the biogas measuring device 9, the exogenous hydrogen 1 enhances the metabolic pathway of methanogen-hydrogenophilic bacteria in the fermentation liquid 7, and the comparison of the attached drawings 3-5 shows that the daily biogas output, the methane content and the accumulated biogas output of the device are far higher than those of the prior device, the methane output of the fermentation liquid is obviously improved, the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced, and the continuous development of carbon emission is facilitated, the first connecting pipe 3 and the second connecting pipe 8 are made of rubber hoses, and the rubber hoses have better chemical stability, the upper cover 11 is connected with the fermentation container 10 through threads to improve the airtightness of the fermentation container 10, so that the methane generated by the fermentation liquid 7 cannot leak, and the rubber plug 13 has good wrapping performance on the pipe walls of the hydrogen input pipe 4 and the methane output pipe 5.
Example 3, referring to the anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarbonization device of examples 1 and 2, the anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarbonization method of the present example includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking corn straws as an example of being used as a fermentation raw material, placing the corn straws in a fermentation device 6, and soaking the fermentation raw material for 72 hours by using sodium hydroxide with the concentration of 4% to pretreat to form a fermentation liquid 7;
step two: one end of a hydrogen input pipe 4 is inserted into the fermentation device 6 and is positioned below the liquid level of the fermentation liquid 7, one end of a biogas output pipe 5 is inserted into the fermentation device 6 and is positioned above the liquid level of the fermentation liquid 7, and the other ends of the hydrogen input pipe 4 and the biogas output pipe 5 are arranged outside the fermentation device 6;
step three: connecting a biogas output pipe 5 to a biogas measuring device 9, introducing exogenous hydrogen 1 into a fermentation device 6 through a hydrogen input pipe 4, introducing 100ml each time three times every day, fermenting for 16 days, and recording the daily biogas yield through the biogas measuring device 9. The specific record is as follows:
as can be seen by combining the attached figure 3, compared with a control group which is not subjected to hydrogenation decarburization, the device of the application has the advantages that the daily output of the methane of a hydrogenation in-situ decarburization experimental group is obviously improved, the maximum daily output of the methane reaches 815mL, the maximum daily output of the control group is 410mL which is about 2 times of that of the control group, the starting of the experimental group after hydrogenation is quicker, the daily output of the methane reaches more than 500mL in the 3 rd day of fermentation, the maximum daily output of the control group reaches 5 th day and is far lower than that of the experimental group, the gas production effect of the hydrogenation experimental group is still better in the later stage of fermentation, and the gas production rate still exceeds more than 100mL in the 13 th day of fermentation;
as can be seen from the figure 4, from the aspect of methane content, the maximum methane content of the hydrogenation experimental group reaches 69%, the maximum methane content of the control group without hydrogen is 46% which is 1.5 times of that of the control group, the methane content difference is small in 3 days before fermentation, and the methane content of the hydrogenation experimental group is still maintained at a high level in the later period of fermentation.
As can be seen from the attached figure 5, the accumulated gas yield of the biogas in the hydrogenation experimental group is much higher than that in the control group, and can reach 5526mL, which is about 2 times of that in the control group.
As shown in the attached figures 3-5, the anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device can improve the methane content and the biogas yield.
The present embodiment is only illustrative of the patent and does not limit the scope of protection thereof, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the part thereof without departing from the spirit of the patent.

Claims (6)

1. An anaerobic fermentation marsh gas normal position decarbonization device which is characterized in that: the device comprises a hydrogen input pipe (4), a methane output pipe (5), a fermentation device (6) and a methane measuring device (9), wherein fermentation liquor (7) is arranged in the fermentation device (6), one end of the hydrogen input pipe (4) penetrates through the fermentation device (6) to be arranged below the liquid level of the fermentation liquor (7), the other end of the hydrogen input pipe (4) is connected with exogenous hydrogen (1), one end of the methane output pipe (5) penetrates through the fermentation device (6) to be arranged above the liquid level of the fermentation liquor (7), and the other end of the methane output pipe (5) is connected with the methane measuring device (9).
2. The anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen input pipe (4) is communicated with the exogenous hydrogen (1) through a first connecting pipe (3), and the methane output pipe (5) is communicated with a methane measuring device (9) through a second connecting pipe (8).
3. The anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and a gas flow pump (2) is arranged on the first connecting pipe (3).
4. The anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the fermentation device (6) comprises a fermentation container (10) and an upper cover (11), wherein the upper cover (11) is connected with the fermentation container (10) through threads.
5. The anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the upper cover (11) comprises a shell (12) and a rubber plug (13), the rubber plug (13) is arranged in the shell (12), and a through hole for the penetration of the hydrogen input pipe (4) and the methane output pipe (5) is processed on the rubber plug (13).
6. The anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization method based on claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the fermentation raw material in a fermentation device (6), and soaking the fermentation raw material for 72 hours for pretreatment by using sodium hydroxide with the concentration of 4%;
step two: one end of a hydrogen input pipe (4) is inserted into the fermentation device (6) and is positioned below the liquid level of the fermentation liquid (7), one end of a biogas output pipe (5) is inserted into the fermentation device (6) and is positioned above the liquid level of the fermentation liquid (7), and the other ends of the hydrogen input pipe (4) and the biogas output pipe (5) are arranged outside the fermentation device (6);
step three: connecting a biogas output pipe (5) to a biogas measuring device (9), introducing exogenous hydrogen (1) into a fermentation device (6) through a hydrogen input pipe (4), introducing 100ml each time three times every day, fermenting for 16 days, and recording the daily biogas yield through the biogas measuring device (9).
CN202111572266.XA 2021-12-21 2021-12-21 Anaerobic fermentation biogas in-situ decarburization device and method Pending CN114058481A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102093895B1 (en) * 2019-06-17 2020-03-26 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 Biomethanation process for biogas upgrading
CN113481089A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-10-08 河南财政金融学院 Two-phase anaerobic fermentation system for improving methane content in biogas
CN216738309U (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-06-14 黑龙江省能源环境研究院 Anaerobic fermentation marsh gas normal position decarbonization device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102093895B1 (en) * 2019-06-17 2020-03-26 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 Biomethanation process for biogas upgrading
CN113481089A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-10-08 河南财政金融学院 Two-phase anaerobic fermentation system for improving methane content in biogas
CN216738309U (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-06-14 黑龙江省能源环境研究院 Anaerobic fermentation marsh gas normal position decarbonization device

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