CN114019423A - Distribution cable connector abnormal state on-line monitoring alarm device - Google Patents
Distribution cable connector abnormal state on-line monitoring alarm device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114019423A CN114019423A CN202111339737.2A CN202111339737A CN114019423A CN 114019423 A CN114019423 A CN 114019423A CN 202111339737 A CN202111339737 A CN 202111339737A CN 114019423 A CN114019423 A CN 114019423A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/24—Reminder alarms, e.g. anti-loss alarms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/08—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using communication transmission lines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B7/00—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
- G08B7/06—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line monitoring and alarming device for abnormal states of a power distribution cable connector, which comprises: the state monitoring unit is used for acquiring state information of the cable connector; the control unit is used for receiving the data information collected by the state monitoring unit and analyzing and processing the data information; the serial port communication unit is used for communicating with a computer to realize the burning of the internal program of the processor; the GPRS receiving and sending unit is used for sending the abnormal state information analyzed and processed by the control unit to operation and maintenance personnel; the human-computer interaction unit is used for inputting and outputting data with the control unit; the acousto-optic alarm unit is used for positioning and alarming the monitored abnormal data; the power supply unit is used for supplying working voltage to the control unit, the man-machine interaction unit and the audible and visual alarm unit; the state monitoring unit is connected with the input end of the control unit through the analog-to-digital converter. The invention monitors the state of the middle head of the cable in real time, eliminates the defect in time and avoids forming faults. Convenient use and is suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transformer substations, in particular to an on-line monitoring and alarming device for abnormal states of a power distribution cable connector.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of power grids, a plurality of overhead lines are transformed into cable lines in the ground, the coverage rate of the cable lines is higher and higher, and the cable is widely applied to urban power distribution networks. Because the cable is placed underground, although the cable is not influenced by severe weather, the problems that the defects of the cable line are difficult to find and the faults are difficult to find are increasingly and remarkably revealed, and great challenges are brought to the operation and maintenance of the cable line.
The faults caused by the problems at the line connectors such as the cable middle head, the terminal head and the like are extremely high in cable faults, the faults are the weakest link of the whole cable line, the contact resistance of the conductors at the line connectors such as the cable middle head, the terminal head and the like is large, the insulating layer is relatively weak, the conductors can age gradually along with the service time, the insulating property of the conductors is reduced, and the hidden troubles such as discharging, thermal expansion and even explosion at the cable head are caused.
At present, no monitoring device or method is specially designed for the weakest connector in a cable line, and defects are generally eliminated in a fault handling mode after the defects are accumulated into faults. The existing defect inspection of the cable mainly depends on manual inspection of a cable gallery, whether the cable gallery is accumulated with water or not is observed in the inspection process, whether the middle head of the cable has abnormal temperature or whether the ear-listening cable has discharge sound or discharge traces or not is measured by an infrared thermometer, and the method has the advantages of low inspection speed, long period, incapability of finding hidden dangers in time, labor consumption and low efficiency; for cable faults, manual searching or a cable fault tester is often adopted to perform fault location testing on the cable. According to the method, after a cable has a fault, a fault point is searched along a cable path by using the instrument, and the problem is solved after the fault is found, so that the effect of the method in actual use is not ideal, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed; the existing cable state monitoring system has no pertinence, the monitoring amount mainly comprises temperature monitoring and video monitoring, the monitoring state is not comprehensive, the temperature monitoring can realize alarm, but the video monitoring can only be actively checked by workers, and the correlation between the monitoring state amount and the cable fault is not large. When the cable broke down, the staff can't be fast accurate make the judgement that has the data support to the insulating properties of cable head, length of operation time, only rely on personnel's skill and experience, judge through naked eye analysis, lack the assistance of professional instrument, the hidden defect of cable head and trouble of discovery that can't be accurate leads to the potential safety hazard can't be thoroughly eliminated, wastes time and difficultly again.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an on-line monitoring and alarming device for the abnormal state of a power distribution cable connector, which is used for preventing faults.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a distribution cable connector abnormal state on-line monitoring alarm device, includes:
the state monitoring unit is used for acquiring state information of the cable connector;
the control unit is used for receiving the data information collected by the state monitoring unit and analyzing and processing the data information;
the serial port communication unit is used for communicating with a computer to realize the burning of the internal program of the processor;
the GPRS receiving and sending unit is used for sending the abnormal state information analyzed and processed by the control unit to operation and maintenance personnel;
the human-computer interaction unit is used for inputting and outputting data with the control unit;
the acousto-optic alarm unit is used for positioning and alarming the monitored abnormal data;
the power supply unit is used for supplying working voltage to the control unit, the man-machine interaction unit and the audible and visual alarm unit;
the state monitoring unit is connected with the input end of the control unit through an analog-to-digital converter, the output end of the control unit is connected with the GPRS receiving and transmitting module and the sound-light alarm unit, and the control unit is connected with the human-computer interaction unit and the serial port communication unit; the output end of the power supply unit is connected with the control unit, the man-machine interaction unit and the audible and visual alarm unit.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the state monitoring unit includes: temperature sensor, humidity transducer, ponding sensor, supersound partial discharge sensor, temperature sensor and humidity transducer set up three groups at least, set up respectively on the inside three-phase cable core of cable joint head, ponding sensor and supersound partial discharge sensor set up in cable joint head department.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that the method further comprises the following steps: and the clock module is used for generating trigger pulses to the processor and awakening the GPRS receiving and transmitting module, and the clock module adopts a DS1302 chip.
The invention adopts the further technical scheme that the human-computer interaction unit comprises a key and a display screen, the key is connected with the input end of the control unit, and the display screen is connected with the output end of the control unit.
The further technical scheme of the invention is that the serial port communication unit is an RS485/232 interface and is used for field input and downloading of data.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the audible and visual alarm unit comprises an active buzzer, a driving triode and a double-color LED lamp, wherein the output end of the driving triode is connected with the active buzzer and the double-color LED lamp, the base electrode of the driving triode is connected with the processor through a current-limiting resistor, the anode of the double-color LED lamp is connected with a power supply, and the cathode of the double-color LED lamp is connected with the processor in series through the current-limiting resistor.
The power supply unit comprises an external power supply and a solar power supply, wherein the external power supply is connected with a power adapter; the solar power supply comprises a solar panel, a charging circuit, a lithium battery and a discharging circuit, wherein the output end of the solar panel is connected with the charging circuit, the output end of the charging circuit is connected with the lithium battery, and the output end of the lithium battery is connected with the discharging circuit.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the control unit employs a processor of STC15F2K60S2 model.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the display screen is an LCD12864 display screen.
The further technical scheme of the invention is that the temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor of DS18B20 model.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can monitor the state of the middle head of the cable in real time when no fault occurs, and if the running cable is abnormal and one or more monitored data are abnormal, the data are sent to the mobile phone of a monitoring person in a short message mode to remind the working person to check and process the data in advance, so that the defects are eliminated in time and the fault is avoided.
2. The invention mainly comprises a processor, a state sensor communication module and man-machine interaction, and forms an integrated cable middle head state online monitoring device, and monitoring objects are selected from cable middle heads, cable terminal heads and other line connectors with the weakest cable lines.
3. The invention can simultaneously monitor the data of the following connectors such as the cable middle head, the terminal head and the like: temperature, humidity, water accumulation and partial discharge conditions, and alarm thresholds can be set for each state.
4. The invention can provide reference for fault finding and fault reason after the fault occurs. The abnormal change of the device can be used for judging the fault cable, potential hazards and defects possibly existing in the cable can be found out as early as possible, and the cable burn-out accident can be avoided. And each device has a number belonging to the device, so that the standing book can be established to correspond to different cable middle heads of different lines, and the basic position can be rapidly determined according to the standing book after the alarm short message is received.
5. The invention has the function of sending short messages, and when the state of the monitored point of the cable is abnormal, the data is sent to the mobile phone of the line operation and maintenance personnel in a short message mode, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can handle the data in time.
6. The invention triggers acousto-optic alarm immediately when the data reaches the threshold value set by the device, and provides alarm flash and alarm sound when operation and maintenance personnel search for an alarm point, so as to rapidly determine the abnormal position and process in time. The device can trigger the buzzer and the LED alarm indicator lamp while sending the alarm short message, and is convenient for workers to quickly find the specific position of the device in an acoustic and optical mode, so that the fault position is determined.
7. The device has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, low cost, convenient use and suitability for popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an abnormal state on-line monitoring and alarming device for a power distribution cable connector provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a power supply unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a control unit according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a charging circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a voltage converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an alarm circuit in the acousto-optic alarm unit according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structure diagram of a light emitting circuit in the sound and light alarm unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
It is to be noted that technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention should have the ordinary meanings as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise defined. The use of the word "comprise" or "comprises" and the like in this disclosure is intended to mean that the elements or items listed before or after the word cover the elements or items listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an abnormal state on-line monitoring and alarming device for a power distribution cable connector, which includes:
the state monitoring unit 10 is used for collecting the state information of the cable connector;
the control unit 20 receives the data information collected by the state monitoring unit and analyzes and processes the data information;
the serial port communication unit 30 is used for communicating with a computer to realize the burning of the internal program of the processor;
the GPRS transceiving unit 40 is used for sending the abnormal state information analyzed and processed by the control unit to operation and maintenance personnel;
a man-machine interaction unit 50 for data input and output with the control unit;
the sound and light alarm unit 60 is used for positioning and alarming the monitored abnormal data;
the power supply unit 70 is used for supplying working voltage to the control unit, the human-computer interaction unit and the audible and visual alarm unit;
the state monitoring unit is connected with the input end of the control unit through an analog-to-digital converter, the output end of the control unit is connected with the GPRS receiving and transmitting module and the sound-light alarm unit, and the control unit is connected with the human-computer interaction unit and the serial port communication unit; the output end of the power supply unit is connected with the control unit, the man-machine interaction unit and the audible and visual alarm unit.
Wherein, the state monitoring unit includes: temperature sensor, humidity transducer, ponding sensor, supersound partial discharge sensor, temperature sensor and humidity transducer set up three groups at least, set up respectively on the inside three-phase cable core of cable joint head, ponding sensor and supersound partial discharge sensor set up in cable joint head department.
The serial communication module 30 is used for establishing communication between the single chip microcomputer and the computer and realizing burning of an internal program of the processor, and the serial communication unit is an RS485/232 interface and is used for field input and downloading of data.
The invention mainly comprises a processor, a state sensor (a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a water accumulation sensor and an ultrasonic partial discharge sensor), a communication module and man-machine interaction (keys and display), and forms a multifunctional integrated on-line monitoring device for the state of the cable joint. The device mainly monitors the data of the following aspects of the cable middle head: temperature, humidity, water accumulation and partial discharge, and has a function of sending short messages at regular time, and data is sent to the mobile phone of a monitoring person in a short message mode. When the state of the middle head of the monitored cable is abnormal, the sound-light alarm is triggered immediately when the data reaches the threshold value set by the device, and the abnormal state information is sent to operation and maintenance personnel in a short message mode, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can rapidly determine the abnormal position and process the abnormal position in time. On one hand, the abnormal state of the cable can be found before the fault occurs, so that the cable can be processed in time, and the abnormal condition is prevented from developing into an accident; on the other hand, after a fault occurs, monitoring points which send alarm signals in a fault line can be searched preferentially, and fault searching time and line power failure time are reduced.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the power supply unit includes an external power supply and a solar power supply, and the external power supply is connected to the power adapter; the solar power supply comprises a solar panel, a charging circuit, a lithium battery and a discharging circuit, wherein the output end of the solar panel is connected with the charging circuit, the output end of the charging circuit is connected with the lithium battery, and the output end of the lithium battery is connected with the discharging circuit. The power adapter and the solar panel are power supply sources, and power supply is selected according to actual environment.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the charging circuit is a DC-DC voltage reduction circuit of 5V to 4.2V, and is composed of a voltage reduction and stabilization chip and peripheral components thereof. Lithium batteries are used as electrical energy storage. The discharging circuit is a 3.7V-5V DC-DC booster circuit and provides a 5V power supply for other modules. Wherein the lithium battery adopts TP4056 as the lithium battery charging circuit. The voltage converter adopts PS7516 as a synchronous boost type converter.
Referring to fig. 5, a control unit 20 communicates with each module and calculates the data of the sensors, and the control unit uses a single chip with high cost performance as a processor according to both required calculation performance and economical efficiency. In the embodiment of the invention, the control unit adopts a processor of STC15F2K60S2 model.
The state monitoring sensor comprises a temperature sensor 2, a humidity sensor 3, a water accumulation sensor 4 and a partial discharge sensor 5. The state monitoring sensor is mainly used for measuring parameters needing to be monitored of a cable middle head, and mainly comprises four sensors of humidity, temperature, accumulated water and ultrasonic partial discharge, and multiple factors such as application scenes, precision, interface modes, price and the like need to be comprehensively considered when the sensors are selected. The temperature sensor of the invention adopts a digital temperature sensor, the performance of the temperature sensor is more stable, in a preferred embodiment, the selected sensor is a DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, and an ultrasonic partial discharge sensor is adopted in partial discharge monitoring data.
The invention can simultaneously monitor the data of the following connectors such as the cable middle head, the terminal head and the like: temperature, humidity, water accumulation and partial discharge conditions, and alarm thresholds can be set for each state.
The GPRS transceiver module 40 transmits the data monitored by the GPRS transceiver module back to the processor for preliminary processing, and then transmits the abnormal state information of the monitored cable head to the operation and maintenance personnel. The invention has the function of sending short messages, and when the state of the monitored point of the cable is abnormal, the data is sent to the mobile phone of the line operation and maintenance personnel in a short message mode, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can handle the data in time.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, the audible and visual alarm unit includes an active buzzer, a driving triode, and a dual-color LED lamp, an output end of the driving triode is connected to the active buzzer and the dual-color LED lamp, a base of the driving triode is connected to the processor through a current limiting resistor, an anode of the dual-color LED lamp is connected to the power supply, and a cathode of the dual-color LED lamp is connected to the processor in series through a current limiting resistor.
The audible and visual alarm unit 60 mainly relies on an active buzzer, which is driven by a triode in order to reduce the current of the single chip microcomputer. The light alarm mainly depends on a common anode double-color LED lamp and is respectively connected with resistors in series for current limiting. The alarm device can trigger the buzzer and the LED alarm indicator lamp when sending the alarm short message, and is convenient for workers to quickly find the specific position of the device in an acoustic and optical mode, so as to determine the fault position, specifically, when the data reaches the threshold value set by the device, the acoustic and optical alarm is immediately triggered, and when an operation and maintenance person searches for an alarm point, alarm flashing and alarm sound are provided, so that the abnormal position can be quickly determined and processed in time.
The man-machine interaction unit comprises a key and a display screen, the key is connected with the input end of the control unit, and the display screen is connected with the output end of the control unit. The display screen can intuitively display the state of the current system, the display screen adopts an LCD12864 display screen, the display screen is connected with 12I/O ports of the processor, wherein 8I/O ports are used as data bits, and 4I/O ports are used as control bits; the key is provided with 4 independent keys which can conveniently realize the setting of parameters by a user, namely a setting key, an up key, a down key and a return key, and the keys are connected with 4I/O ports of the processor.
The embodiment of the invention also comprises the following steps: and the clock module is used for generating trigger pulse to the processor and awakening the GPRS receiving and transmitting module. The clock module 80 provides a time axis for the data monitored by the whole system, is connected with 2I/O ports of the processor and executes related communication protocols. The clock module adopts a DS1302 chip.
The invention can monitor the state of the middle head of the cable in real time when no fault occurs, and if the running cable is abnormal and one or more items of monitored data are abnormal, the invention reminds the working personnel to check and process the abnormal data, eliminates the defects in time and avoids the formation of the fault. The invention mainly comprises a processor, a state sensor communication module and man-machine interaction, and forms an integrated cable middle head state online monitoring device, and monitoring objects are selected from cable middle heads, cable terminal heads and other line connectors with the weakest cable lines.
The invention can provide reference for fault finding and fault reason after the fault occurs; the abnormal change of the device can be used for judging the fault cable, potential hazards and defects possibly existing in the cable can be found out as early as possible, and the cable burn-out accident can be avoided. And each device has a number belonging to the device, so that the standing book can be established to correspond to different cable middle heads of different lines, and the basic position can be rapidly determined according to the standing book after the alarm short message is received. The device has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, low cost, convenient use and suitability for popularization.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but only by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a distribution cable connector abnormal state on-line monitoring alarm device which characterized in that includes:
the state monitoring unit is used for acquiring state information of the cable connector;
the control unit is used for receiving the data information collected by the state monitoring unit and analyzing and processing the data information;
the serial port communication unit is used for communicating with a computer to realize the burning of the internal program of the processor;
the GPRS receiving and sending unit is used for sending the abnormal state information analyzed and processed by the control unit to operation and maintenance personnel;
the human-computer interaction unit is used for inputting and outputting data with the control unit;
the acousto-optic alarm unit is used for positioning and alarming the monitored abnormal data;
the power supply unit is used for supplying working voltage to the control unit, the man-machine interaction unit and the audible and visual alarm unit;
the state monitoring unit is connected with the input end of the control unit through an analog-to-digital converter, the output end of the control unit is connected with the GPRS receiving and transmitting module and the sound-light alarm unit, and the control unit is connected with the human-computer interaction unit and the serial port communication unit; the output end of the power supply unit is connected with the control unit, the man-machine interaction unit and the audible and visual alarm unit.
2. The abnormal state on-line monitoring alarm device for distribution cable connectors according to claim 1, wherein the state monitoring unit comprises: temperature sensor, humidity transducer, ponding sensor, supersound partial discharge sensor, temperature sensor and humidity transducer set up three groups at least, set up respectively on the inside three-phase cable core of cable joint head, ponding sensor and supersound partial discharge sensor set up in cable joint head department.
3. The abnormal state on-line monitoring alarm device of distribution cable connector of claim 1, further comprising: and the clock module is used for generating trigger pulses to the processor and awakening the GPRS receiving and transmitting module, and the clock module adopts a DS1302 chip.
4. The on-line monitoring and alarming device for the abnormal state of the power distribution cable connector as recited in claim 1, wherein the human-computer interaction unit comprises a key and a display screen, the key is connected with the input end of the control unit, and the display screen is connected with the output end of the control unit.
5. The on-line monitoring and alarming device for the abnormal state of the power distribution cable connector as recited in claim 1, wherein the serial port communication unit is an RS485/232 interface for performing on-site data input and download.
6. The on-line monitoring and alarming device for the abnormal state of the power distribution cable connector as recited in claim 1, wherein the audible and visual alarm unit comprises an active buzzer, a driving triode and a bicolor LED lamp, the output end of the driving triode is connected with the active buzzer and the bicolor LED lamp, the base of the driving triode is connected with the processor through a current-limiting resistor, the anode of the bicolor LED lamp is connected with the power supply, and the cathode of the bicolor LED lamp is connected with the current-limiting resistor in series and is connected with the processor.
7. The on-line monitoring and alarming device for the abnormal state of the power distribution cable connector as recited in claim 1, wherein the power supply unit comprises an external power supply and a solar power supply, and the external power supply is connected with a power adapter; the solar power supply comprises a solar panel, a charging circuit, a lithium battery and a discharging circuit, wherein the output end of the solar panel is connected with the charging circuit, the output end of the charging circuit is connected with the lithium battery, and the output end of the lithium battery is connected with the discharging circuit.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein the control unit is a STC15F2K60S2 processor.
9. The on-line monitoring and alarming device for the abnormal state of the power distribution cable connector as recited in claim 1, wherein the display screen is an LCD12864 display screen.
10. The on-line monitoring and alarming device for the abnormal state of the power distribution cable connector as recited in claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor of DS18B20 type.
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