CN103982373A - Wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind turbine, including: an impeller, including at least two blade units; a main shaft, the impeller is installed on the main shaft; and a main frame, connected with a tower to support the main shaft and the impeller, each blade unit includes: a blade and a wheel frame for installing and supporting the blades, wherein the wheel frames of the at least two blade units are installed around the main shaft, and wherein any adjacent pair of wheel frames pass through a first partition arranged along the circumference of the impeller. The vibration dampers are connected to each other. The impeller of the wind turbine of the present invention can realize self-balancing, which is not only easy to assemble, but also helps to reduce the vibration of the entire machine.

Description

Wind turbine

technical field

The invention relates to the field of wind power generation, in particular, the invention relates to a wind turbine for wind power generation. the

Background technique

A wind turbine is a device that converts wind energy into electrical energy, mainly including blades, generators, mechanical components and electrical components. Whether direct-drive, doubly-fed or medium- or high-speed wind turbines, have a rotating impeller system consisting of multiple blades and a hub to which the blades are attached either directly or via pitch bearings and a pitch drive to the hub. Due to factors such as wind speed change, wind shear, turbulence, tower shadow and control, the wind energy absorbed by the impeller system is not constant, and the load acting on each blade is also constantly changing, resulting in transmission system, generator system, nacelle system and tower Mechanical components such as the foundation vibrate and endanger the safety, reliability and profitability of the unit operation. the

Because there is no load transfer between the blades of modern wind turbines and they are relatively independent, the blade loads are directly transferred to the rigid hub of the impeller. Therefore, the dynamic vibration loads acting on all blades are transmitted through the hub of the impeller to the generator, main shaft system, nacelle, tower and foundation and other components. Since the blades of the wind turbine are independent of each other, the vibration loads transmitted from the impeller to the body of the wind turbine include: 3P/6P aerodynamic harmonics, 1P/2P/4P/5P/7P/8P shimmy harmonics, 1P/2P/4P/8P waving harmonic. These vibration harmonics are the root cause of vibration and fatigue in mechanical components such as transmission system, generator system, nacelle system and tower foundation, and endanger the safety, reliability and profitability of the unit operation. the

In the patent application CN103069158A, it is disclosed that the impeller of the direct drive wind turbine and the generator rotor adopt a flexible connection, which reduces the bending moment load transmitted from the impeller system to the generator rotor, but this method cannot fundamentally reduce vibration And load reduction control, can not effectively reduce the vibration and fatigue damage of the impeller to the main shaft system, nacelle, and tower, and its vibration damping effect is limited for the whole machine. The impeller of the wind turbine disclosed in the patent application DE10239366A1 is highly integrated with the generator, which reduces the weight and cost of the wind turbine, and it is also difficult to effectively reduce the vibration and fatigue damage of the generator, shafting, nacelle and tower. the

In the current wind turbines, although the vibration and fatigue load of the whole machine can be reduced through the independent pitch technology, due to the complex and changeable natural environment and the complex operating state of the wind turbine, the control strategy needs to be customized and optimized according to the specific environment and state. Moreover, independent pitch adjustment needs to add a highly reliable load measurement system, which will inevitably increase the cost and complexity of the system. the

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine with a self-balancing impeller. the

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine capable of reducing the vibration of the whole machine. the

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine capable of effectively reducing the flapping and shimmy vibration loads of the impeller. the

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine capable of actively controlling the vibrations generated by the impeller. the

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind turbine including: an impeller including at least two blade units; a main shaft on which the impeller is mounted; and a main frame connected to a tower to support the main shaft and the impeller. Wherein, each blade unit includes: a blade; and a wheel frame for installing and supporting the blade, wherein the wheel frames of the at least two blade units are installed around the main shaft, wherein any adjacent pair of wheel frames pass along the The circumferentially arranged first vibration isolation dampers of the impeller are interconnected. the

Both ends of the first vibration isolation damper can be respectively connected to the pair of adjacent wheel frames. the

The impeller and the main shaft may be connected to each other by a second vibration isolation damper. the

The main shaft may further include: a central shaft, fixedly connected to the main frame; a rotating shaft, sleeved on the central shaft, and connected to the wheel frame of the blade unit through a second vibration isolation damper; bearings, arranged between the central shaft and the rotating shaft , to support the shaft and the impeller to rotate around the central axis. the

The first vibration isolation damper may be a damper having a composite structure, and the damper may have a predetermined stiffness and a predetermined damping coefficient. the

The first vibration isolation damper may be a passive damper with a constant damping coefficient, a semi-active damper with a variable damping coefficient, or an active damper with an adjustable damping coefficient. the

The second vibration isolation damper may be a damper having a composite structure having a predetermined stiffness and a predetermined damping coefficient. the

The second vibration isolation damper may be a passive damper with a constant damping coefficient, a semi-active damper with a variable damping coefficient, or an active damper with an adjustable damping coefficient. the

The front side and the rear side of the wheel frame can be respectively connected with the front end and the rear end of the main shaft through the second vibration isolation damper. the

The wind turbine may further include: a stator of a generator, fixedly connected to the central shaft, located between the wheel frame of the impeller and the main frame of the fan; a rotor of the generator, mechanically connected to the rear end of the shaft, and Capable of rotating around the generator's stator. the

The rotating shaft may include a front rotating shaft and a rear rotating shaft separated by a predetermined distance from each other, wherein the front rotating shaft and the front side of the wheel frame are connected through a second vibration isolation damper, and the rear rotating shaft and the rear side of the wheel frame are connected through a second isolation device. vibration damper connection. the

The wind turbine may further include: a stator of a generator fixedly connected to the central shaft and located between a front end shaft and a rear end shaft, wherein the wheel frame of the impeller is used as a power generator rotating around the generator stator machine rotor. the

The impeller and the main shaft rotate together, wherein the wind turbine may further include: a speed-up gearbox connected to the main shaft; a rotor of a generator connected to the speed-up gearbox and capable of rotating; and a stator of the generator surrounding the power generation The rotor of the machine is set on the main frame. the

The wind turbine may further include: an acceleration sensor, respectively arranged on the wheel frame of each blade unit, for measuring the acceleration of each wheel frame; a first damping sensor, arranged on the first vibration isolation damper, for measuring The working state of the first vibration isolation damper; the second damping sensor is arranged on the second vibration isolation damper to measure the working state of the second vibration isolation damper; the controller receives the first damping sensor and the second damping sensor And the measurement results of the acceleration sensor, and control the working state of each vibration isolation damper according to the measurement results and the operating state and wind speed of the wind turbine. the

The number of the blade units can be 3

The wind turbine according to the present invention has a self-balancing impeller. By separating the impeller into relatively independent blade units, each blade unit and the rotating shaft are connected through a vibration isolation damper in the swinging and shimmy directions, so that each blade unit is no longer independent, obviously Reduce the vibration and fatigue of the impeller caused by different phases, different loads and different vibrations between the blade units, so that the impeller load is smoothly transmitted to the wind turbine body, effectively reducing the blade, drive train, generator, nacelle, and tower. Vibration and fatigue of components such as frames and foundations. While reducing costs, it also improves the dynamic performance and reliability of the wind turbine. At the same time, because the impeller of the wind turbine is separated into relatively simple blade units, the difficulty of designing and manufacturing the impeller of the high-power wind turbine is reduced, and the assembly is easy. the

Description of drawings

1 is a partial front view of a wind turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the blades of the impeller are omitted;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the wind turbine shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the wheel carrier omitting lugs in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the wind turbine according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a wind turbine according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring and control system for a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7A to 7C are graphs showing tower loads and nacelle accelerations for a wind turbine (without vibration isolators) and a prior art wind turbine (with vibration isolators) according to an embodiment of the invention, where Fig. 7A shows a graph of force loads Fx and Fy on the tower top and tower base of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention and a prior art wind turbine, and FIG. 7B shows a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention 7C shows a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention and a nacelle (i.e., A graph of the acceleration at the top of the tower. the

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. the

A wind turbine 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1-3 . the

Fig. 1 is a partial front view of a wind turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the blades of the impeller are omitted; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the wind turbine shown in Fig. 1; A perspective view of a wheel frame with lugs attached. the

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the wind turbine 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention belongs to a direct-drive wind power generating set. For direct-drive wind turbines, the impeller directly drives the rotor of the generator, and the rotor is driven by the impeller to rotate around the stator of the fixed generator, thereby generating electricity. the

In this embodiment, the wind turbine 100 mainly includes a rotor 10 , a main shaft 20 , a generator 30 , a main frame 40 , a tower 60 and a yaw mechanism 70 connected between the main frame 40 and the tower 60 . the

The impeller 10 is installed on the main shaft 20 and rotates with the wind so as to transmit the wind power to the generator 30 installed on the main shaft 20 to convert the wind power into electricity. The main frame 40 extends substantially perpendicular to the tower 60 and is connected between the tower 60 and the main shaft 20 . The main frame 40 not only supports the main shaft 20 and the impeller 10 and the rotation of the impeller 10 , but also bears the bending moment generated by the impeller 10 and the main shaft 20 . the

The yaw mechanism 70 is used to connect the main frame 40 with the tower 60 and allows the main frame 40 as well as the main shaft 20 and the impeller 10 to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the tower 60 of the wind turbine. By setting the yaw mechanism 70, the impeller 10 and the main shaft 20 can track the change of the wind direction to maintain stable power generation; and when the cable drawn from the wind turbine 100 in the nacelle is entangled, the yaw mechanism 70 can be used to realize automatic untwisting . the

Specifically, the impeller 10 includes three blade units 11 that are independent of each other, and each blade unit 11 includes a blade 15 and a wheel frame 16 . The hub 16 of each blade unit 11 is connected to each other to form a ring shape, thereby forming a hub of the impeller 10 . It is worth noting that although the concept of the hub of the impeller is introduced here, this is only a functional name. From a structural point of view, the blade units are not actually fixedly connected, but each has great independence . As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , each wheel frame 16 includes a fan-shaped main body 161 and a blade mounting portion 162 protruding from the arc-shaped outer surface of the fan-shaped body. The root of the blade 15 is mounted on the blade mounting portion through the pitch mechanism 12 162. Pitch mechanism 12 allows blades 15 to rotate about the blade longitudinal axis of wind turbine 100 , thereby adjusting the angle of blades 15 . The rotation speed of the impeller 10 can be controlled by controlling the angle of the blade 15 , thereby controlling the output power of the wind turbine 100 , and the wind turbine 100 can be shut down safely through aerodynamic braking. the

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , lugs 163 opposite to each other are formed at the connection positions of a pair of adjacent wheel frames 16 . Specifically, lugs 163 are formed at both ends of the arc-shaped outer surface of the fan-shaped body 161, so that when a pair of wheel frames 16 are connected to each other, they can be connected by connecting the lugs 163 opposite to each other. A through hole may be formed in the center of each lug 163, whereby adjacent wheel frames 16 may be flexibly connected by means of such structured lugs 163, for example by connecting vibration isolation dampers between the lugs 163 facing each other. Realize above-mentioned flexible connection. By connecting the wheel frames 16 to each other, the blade unit is independent and integrated, thereby ensuring that the normal function of the impeller is not affected. On each end of the arc-shaped outer surface of the fan-shaped main body 161, only one lug 163 may be formed, or more lugs, such as three, may be formed. In this way, wheel frames 16 adjacent to each other can be connected to each other by one or more pairs of lugs 163 . In addition, each fan-shaped body has two sides opposite to each other, namely, a front side and a rear side. When the wheel frame 16 of each blade unit 11 is installed on the main shaft 20 and connected to each other, the front side of the wheel frame 16 (or the hub) corresponds to the windward side of the impeller 10, and the rear side of the wheel frame 16 (or the wheel hub) Then it is opposite to the main frame 40 . Since the diameter of the main shaft 20 gradually increases from the front end to the rear end, the inner diameter of the front side of the hub formed by the wheel carrier 16 is smaller than the inner diameter of the rear side to match the shape of the main shaft 20 . the

In the embodiment of the present invention, the description is made by taking the impeller with three blade units as an example, because the wind turbine with the impeller with three blades has relatively high power generation efficiency and has been widely used. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of blade units 11 is not limited to three, but may be two or more. As shown in FIG. 1 , a pair of adjacent wheel frames 16 are connected by a vibration isolation damper 25 (also referred to as a shimmy vibration isolation damper 25 ). Specifically, the vibration isolation damper 25 may be arranged along the circumferential direction of the impeller, for example, may be arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the impeller (specifically, the hub portion formed by the wheel frame 16 ). In order to realize the connection of adjacent wheel frames, the two ends of the vibration isolation damper 25 are respectively connected with a pair of adjacent wheel frames. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the vibration isolation damper may also be arranged along the inner circumference of the so-called hub portion of the impeller 10 if space conditions permit. As described above, in the case where the lugs 163 are formed on the circumferential surface of the wheel frame 16, both ends of the vibration isolation damper 25 are respectively connected with the mutually opposite lugs 163 on the adjacent wheel frame 16. The lug 163 is used to connect the vibration-isolation damper 25, and its structure is only an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto, as long as the vibration-isolation damper 25 can be connected to any structure between adjacent wheel frames 16. is allowed. the

As shown in FIG. 2 , the hub of the impeller 10 is formed by connecting the wheel frames 16 of the blade units 11 to each other, and the hub is installed on the main shaft 20 . The specific structure of the main shaft 20 of the wind turbine 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention and its connection structure with the hub will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2 . the

As shown in Figure 2, the main shaft 20 includes: a central shaft 21, fixedly connected with the main frame 40, and extending substantially along a direction perpendicular to the tower 60, thereby supporting the impeller 10 and providing the rotational axis of the impeller 10; 22, sleeved on the central shaft 21 and connected to the hub of the impeller 10; bearing 23, installed between the rotating shaft 22 and the central shaft 21, so that the rotating shaft 22 and the impeller 10 can rotate around the central shaft 21. Through the structure of the main shaft 20 , the blade unit 10 of the wind turbine 100 is allowed to rotate around the axial direction of the central shaft 21 , where the axial direction of the central shaft 21 is substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of the tower 60 . the

In addition, a stator 32 of a generator 30 is installed on the central shaft 21 , and the rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected with a rotor 31 of the generator 31 , and the rotor 31 is installed around the stator 32 . In this way, when the impeller 10 and the rotating shaft 22 rotate around the center shaft 21, the rotor 31 can rotate around the stator 32, whereby electromagnetic interaction occurs to generate electric power. the

More specifically, both the front end and the rear end of the rotary shaft 22 are supported by bearings 23, and a front flange is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the front end of the rotary shaft 23, and a flange is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the rotary shaft 23. Rear flange. Preferably, the front end flange and the rear end flange may form a ring shape. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the front end flange and the rear end flange may also form a discontinuous shape, for example, form a plurality of independent lugs. The front end flange is connected to the front side of the hub, and the rear end flange is connected to the rear side of the hub, thereby connecting the impeller 10 and the rotating shaft 22 together. Preferably, the front end flange and the rear end flange are respectively flexibly connected with the front side and the rear side of the hub, for example connected by vibration isolation dampers 26 (will be described in detail below). In addition, at the rear end of the central shaft 21 , that is, at a position between the impeller 10 and the main frame 40 , a stator 32 of the generator 30 is also installed. The stator 32 is also mounted to the central shaft 21 by a flange formed on the outer circumferential surface of the central shaft 21 in a similar manner to the mounting of the hub. One end of the rotor 31 surrounding the stator 32 is connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft 22 . In this way, when the impeller 10 rotates, the rotating shaft 22 rotates together with the impeller 10 , so that the wind force is transmitted to the rotor 31 of the generator 30 , and then converted into electricity by the generator 30 . the

In addition, the hub of the impeller 10 and the main shaft 20 may also be connected via a vibration isolation damper 26 . More specifically, vibration isolation dampers 26 (also referred to as flapping vibration isolation dampers 26 ) are connected between the front end flange and the front side of the hub of the impeller (ie, the front side of the wheel frame) and at the rear end, respectively. Between the flange and the rear side of the hub (that is, the rear side of the wheel frame). Since the two ends of the vibration isolation damper 26 are respectively connected to the hub of the impeller 10 and the main shaft 20 , the impeller 10 is installed on the main shaft 20 . the

In this application, although it has been described in detail that the main shaft 20 is connected to the wheel frame 16 of the impeller 10 by means of a flange, the present invention is not limited thereto. It should be clear to those skilled in the art that the function of the flange is to facilitate the installation of the vibration isolation damper. One end of 26 is connected to main shaft 20 (specifically, rotating shaft 22), therefore, the structure of flange is only an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto, as long as vibration isolation damper 26 can be connected to main shaft 20 and wheel carrier 16 Any structure in between is possible. the

The shimmy vibration isolation damper 25 and the waving vibration isolation damper 26 can be adopted simultaneously, and the shimmy vibration isolation damper 25 can also be used alone to realize the shimmy vibration reduction, or the waving vibration isolation damper 26 can be used alone to realize the waving vibration reduction. Preferably, the vibration isolation dampers 25 and 26 are composite structures with sufficient rigidity and suitable damping, and the magnitudes of the rigidity and damping can be constant. But the present invention is not limited thereto, the damping of the vibration isolation dampers 25 and 26 can also be changed with the working state of the dampers or actively controlled by the dynamic working characteristics of the wind turbine. That is, the vibration isolation dampers 25 and 26 may be passive dampers with a constant damping coefficient, semi-active dampers with a variable damping coefficient, or active dampers with an adjustable damping coefficient. Not only that, as required, the vibration isolation dampers 25 and 26 can also be used in combination of two or more dampers. the

As mentioned above, both vibration isolation dampers 25 and 26 can be dampers with a composite structure, and the dampers should have sufficient stiffness and damping coefficient. The present invention greatly reduces the overall vibration of the wind turbine 100 with a simple structure by arranging the vibration isolation dampers 25 and 26 with a predetermined stiffness and a predetermined damping coefficient. This is because, for a wind turbine, due to factors such as wind shear, turbulent flow, and tower shadow, the loads of the blades 15 of the wind turbine are different, and the vibration phases are also different. Each blade unit along the shimmy direction of the wind turbine must interact with each other in extrusion and stretching, and the vibration energy is consumed through the vibration isolation damper 25 (used as a shimmy vibration isolation damper), and each blade 15 can automatically achieve dynamic balance, effectively 3P/6P aerodynamic harmonics and 1P/2P/4P/5P/7P/8P shimmy harmonic vibration loads are reduced, and the torque of the impeller 10 is smoothly transmitted to the generator rotor 31 of the wind turbine. In addition, along the waving direction of the wind turbine 100, each blade unit 11 interacts in tension and pressure with the rotating shaft 22 through the wheel frame 16, and consumes vibration energy through the vibration isolation damper 26 (used as a waving vibration isolation damper), which effectively reduces 1P/2P/4P/8P wave the harmonic vibration load, so that the pitching moment of the impeller and the yaw bending moment of the main frame 40 are smoothly transmitted to the Tower 60 and the foundation of the wind turbine. the

In this embodiment, description has been made with the impeller 10 having blade units 11 independent of each other. The invention divides the impeller of the wind turbine into relatively independent blade units, and installs vibration isolation dampers between each blade unit and between the blade unit and the rotating system to effectively eliminate the inconsistent load and vibration of each blade unit of the impeller system , fundamentally effectively reduce the vibration and fatigue transmitted from the impeller system to the main shaft system of the wind turbine, the generator, the nacelle and the tower and other components and subsystems, reduce the cost, and improve the dynamic performance and reliability of the wind turbine. By separating the impeller into relatively independent blade units, the manufacture and assembly of the impeller is more flexible, which greatly reduces the difficulty of manufacture and assembly of high-power wind turbines. the

However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the impeller 10 may also adopt a monolithic structure. In this case, the flapping vibration energy can also be dissipated by the flapping vibration isolation damper 26 provided between the hub and the main shaft 20 , thereby reducing the vibration transmitted to the main frame 40 and the tower frame 60 . the

The first embodiment in which the rotor 31 and the stator 32 of the generator 30 are arranged outside the impeller 10 is described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 , however, the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the rotor 31 and the The stator 32 may also be disposed inside the impeller 10 . A wind turbine 200 according to a second embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 4 . the

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, components similar to those of the wind turbine 100 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and therefore, repeated description of the same components will be omitted. the

The wind turbine 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention differs from the wind turbine 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention only in the structure of the rotating shaft 22 and the installation positions of the stator 32 and the rotor 31 of the generator 30 . the

In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 22 is divided into a front rotating shaft 22-1 and a rear rotating shaft 22-2 which are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. The front-end rotating shaft 22-1 is installed on the front end of the central shaft 21, and a front-end flange is formed on its outer peripheral surface, and the front-end flange is connected with the front side of the hub; the rear-end rotating shaft 22-2 is installed on the rear end of the central shaft 21 And closer to the main frame 40, a rear flange is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear rotating shaft 22-2, and the rear flange is connected to the rear side of the wheel hub. Similar to the first embodiment, the main shaft 20 and the impeller 10 are connected to each other through a vibration isolation damper 26 . Specifically, vibration isolation dampers 26 are provided between the front end flange and the front side of the hub and between the rear end flange and the rear side of the hub. The vibration isolation damper 26 consumes the wave vibration energy and effectively reduces the 1P/2P/4P/8P wave harmonic vibration load, so that the pitch bending moment of the impeller 10 and the yaw bending moment of the main frame 40 pass through the main bearing 23. The central shaft 21, the main frame 40, the yaw mechanism 70 are smoothly transferred to the tower 60 and the foundation of the wind turbine. the

In addition, the stator 32 of the generator 30 is fixedly connected to the middle of the center shaft 21, ie, between the front-end rotary shaft 22-1 and the rear-end rotary shaft 22-2. Similar to the first embodiment, the stator 32 may also be fixedly connected to the central shaft 21 through a flange formed on the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft 21 . At the same time, the hub of the impeller (or the wheel carrier 16 of the impeller unit 11 ) can be used as the rotor 31 of the generator. The high integration of the generator 30 and the impeller 10 not only simplifies the structure of the wind turbine 200 but also simplifies power transmission, which helps to improve the power generation efficiency of the generator 30 . the

In addition, in the case that the impeller 10 has a plurality of impeller units 11, the vibration isolation damper 25 can also be connected between the wheel frames 16, so that the impeller 10 can realize self-balancing during operation, so as to reduce the transmission from each blade unit 11 to the main shaft. 20 and even the vibration of the tower 60 and the foundation of the wind turbine. the

The wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention is described above by taking the direct-drive wind turbine as an example, however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention is also applicable to various types of wind turbines such as doubly-fed, medium-high speed, and the like. Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below by taking a medium-speed wind turbine as an example. the

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein the wind turbine 300 is a medium-speed wind turbine type. the

Different from the previous two embodiments, the main shaft 20 of the wind turbine 300 is directly connected to the hub of the impeller 10, so that the impeller 10 and the main shaft 20 rotate together. Therefore, in the wind turbine 300, the rotating shaft and the bearings supporting the rotating shaft are omitted. . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 , front and rear flanges are respectively formed at the front and rear ends of the main shaft 20 , to which the front and rear sides of the hub of the impeller 10 are respectively connected. the

As is well known to those skilled in the art, the main shaft 20 is connected with a rotor (not shown) of a generator through a speed-up gearbox (not shown), so as to transmit wind power to the rotor (not shown). The stator of the generator is supported by the main frame (not shown). Wind energy is converted into electrical energy through the interaction of the rotor and stator of the generator. the

Similar to the above embodiment, the impeller 10 can be composed of three blade units 11, the wheel frame 16 of the blade unit 11 connects the impeller 10 to each other in the circumferential direction through the shimmy vibration isolation damper 25, and makes the impeller 10 and the main shaft 20 are connected in the axial direction. Both the torque and the bending moment of the impeller are transmitted to the main shaft 20, the bending moment is further transmitted to the main frame 40 through the main shaft 20, and the torque is transmitted to the medium-speed or high-speed generator through the step-up gearbox. the

However, the present invention is not limited thereto. As mentioned above, the impeller 10 may also be formed as a whole, so that the shimmy vibration isolation damper 25 can be omitted. the

It is clear from the above description that by installing a vibration isolation damper between the impeller or the blade unit of the impeller and the main shaft or another blade unit, the vibration energy generated by the impeller during the operation of the fan can be consumed, so that the vibration energy generated by the impeller can be obtained from the source Reduced vibrations transmitted to the tower and foundation. In addition, smooth transmission of power is achieved. In addition, in view of the relatively independent inherent characteristics of the blades in modern wind turbines, the impeller is separated into relatively independent blade units according to the number of blades, and the blade units are connected to each other in the direction of shimmy vibration with vibration isolation dampers. In the swinging direction (the direction of the impeller rotation axis), the vibration isolation damper is also used to connect, and each blade unit is no longer relatively independent. Therefore, regardless of whether the blades are in the same phase or different phases, relative deformation must occur relative to each other, and the vibration load transmitted from the impeller to the body of the wind turbine is reduced through the vibration isolation damper in the shimmy and flapping directions. Therefore, after the blade units are connected through the vibration isolation damper, real-time self-balancing can be achieved, and the smooth transmission of the load from the impeller to the body of the wind turbine can be realized. the

It is mentioned in the above description that the vibration isolation damper can adopt semi-active damper and active damper, and the optimal self-balancing of the impeller can be realized through active control of the vibration isolation damper. The following will be explained and introduced in conjunction with the monitoring and control system of the wind turbine 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6 . the

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring and control system for a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. the

As shown in Figure 6, the monitoring and control system of the wind turbine 100 mainly includes: acceleration sensors 91, 92 and 93, respectively installed on the wheel frame 16 of each blade unit 11, for measuring the acceleration of the impeller 10 in three directions The damping sensor 97 is respectively arranged on the waving vibration isolation damper 26 and the shimmy vibration isolation sensor 25, and is used to measure the working state of each vibration isolation damper; the main controller 80 communicates with each acceleration sensor and each acceleration sensor through the data bus 85 The damping sensors communicate and receive measurements from these sensors. After the data of the acceleration sensors 91, 92, 93 and the damper sensor are transmitted to the main controller 80 through the data bus 85, the main controller 80 is based on the test data of the acceleration sensors 91, 92, 93 and the damping sensor 97 and the operating state of the wind turbine. , wind speed, etc., calculate the appropriate stiffness and damping coefficient of the vibration isolation damper, and then control the working state parameters of each vibration isolation damper through the damping controller 86 connected with each vibration isolation damper, so as to realize the vibration of the wind turbine body and blades control and load control. Here, the main controller 80 and the damping controller 86 may also be integrated, and they are collectively referred to as controllers. the

In the wind turbine according to the present invention, by using a semi-active damper and/or an active damper, one or more sensors need to be installed on the wind turbine, and the stiffness and damping of the damper can be changed according to the sensor data. The best self-balancing effect of each blade unit of the impeller. the

7A to 7C are graphs showing tower loads and nacelle accelerations for a wind turbine (with vibration isolators) and a prior art wind turbine (without vibration isolators) according to an embodiment of the invention, where Fig. 7A shows a graph of force loads Fx and Fy on the tower top and tower base of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention and a prior art wind turbine, and FIG. 7B shows a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention 7C shows a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention and a nacelle (i.e., A graph of the acceleration at the top of the tower. In Fig. 7A to Fig. 7C, what the pattern part with small grayscale represents is the schematic diagram of tower load and nacelle acceleration of wind turbine after adopting vibration isolation damper according to the present invention; And the pattern part with large grayscale represents is a schematic diagram of tower loads and nacelle accelerations for a prior art wind turbine without vibration isolation dampers. It can be seen from the comparison that the acceleration and load of the wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention are significantly reduced compared with the wind turbine of the prior art. the

In summary, a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected by a vibration isolation damper (preferably an active damper) between the impeller (or each blade unit) and other components (for example, adjacent blade units or the main shaft) , at least one of the following beneficial effects can be achieved:

1. A wind turbine with a self-balancing impeller is constructed, which can significantly reduce the vibration and fatigue of the impeller due to different phases, different loads and different vibrations between the blade units, and realize the smooth transfer of the impeller load to the The body of the wind turbine can effectively reduce the vibration and fatigue of the drive train, generator, nacelle, tower, foundation and other components, which is conducive to improving the reliability and dynamic performance of the whole machine system, and reducing the difficulty and cost of operation control. the

2. The wind turbine with self-balancing impeller realizes the vibration reduction and load reduction control of the wind turbine from the source of load and vibration. Compared with the technical solutions such as vibration reduction control and independent pitch control in the middle part of the wind turbine, the wind power of the self-balancing impeller The turbine has obvious advantages in technology and efficiency, and is simple in structure, low in cost and high in reliability. the

3. The impeller of the wind turbine is separated into relatively simple blade units, which reduces the design and manufacturing difficulty of the impeller of the high-power wind turbine and is easy to assemble. the

4. The flexible connection between the impeller and the main shaft of the wind turbine can reduce the vibration of the blade and the dynamic load transmitted from the blade to the rotating shaft, and improve the operation reliability of the blade. the

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. Although some embodiments have been shown and described, those skilled in the art should understand that without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention whose scope is defined by the claims and their equivalents Under the circumstances, these embodiments can be modified and improved, and these modifications and improvements should also be within the protection scope of the present invention. the

Claims (15)

1. a wind turbine, comprising:

Impeller, comprises at least two blade units;

Main shaft, impeller is arranged on main shaft; With

Mainframe, is connected with pylon, with supports main shaft and impeller,

It is characterized in that, each blade unit comprises:

Blade; With

Wheel carrier, for installing and support blade,

Wherein, the wheel carrier of described at least two blade units is installed around main shaft,

Wherein, any adjacent a pair of wheel carrier is connected to each other by the first isolation damper of the circumferential arrangement along impeller.

2. wind turbine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the two ends of the first isolation damper are connected with described adjacent a pair of wheel carrier respectively.

3. wind turbine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, impeller and main shaft are connected to each other by the second isolation damper.

4. wind turbine according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described main shaft also comprises:

Central shaft, is fixedly connected with mainframe;

Rotating shaft, is sleeved on central shaft, and is connected with the wheel carrier of blade unit by the second isolation damper;

Bearing, is arranged between central shaft and rotating shaft, with supporting revolving shaft and impeller, around central shaft, rotates.

5. wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the first isolation damper is the damper with composite structure, and this damper has predetermined rigidity and predetermined damping constant.

6. wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the first isolation damper is the passive damping device with constant damping coefficient, become the semi-active damper device of damping constant or have the active damper of capable of regulating damping constant.

7. wind turbine as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the second isolation damper is the damper with composite structure, and this damper has predetermined rigidity and predetermined damping constant.

8. wind turbine as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the second isolation damper is the passive damping device with constant damping coefficient, become the semi-active damper device of damping constant or have the active damper of capable of regulating damping constant.

9. wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the front side of wheel carrier is connected with the front-end and back-end of main shaft by the second isolation damper respectively with rear side.

10. wind turbine as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described wind turbine also comprises:

The stator of generator, is fixedly connected with described central shaft, between the wheel carrier of impeller and the mainframe of blower fan;

The rotor of generator, is connected with the rear robot of described rotating shaft, and can be around the stator rotation of generator.

11. wind turbines as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described rotating shaft comprises front end rotating shaft and the rear end rotating shaft of spaced-apart intended distance, wherein, the front side of front end rotating shaft and wheel carrier is connected by the second isolation damper, and the rear side of rear end rotating shaft and wheel carrier is connected by the second isolation damper.

12. wind turbines as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, described wind turbine also comprises:

The stator of generator, is fixedly connected with described central shaft, and between front end rotating shaft and rear end rotating shaft,

Wherein, the wheel carrier of described impeller is as the rotor of the generator of the stator rotation around generator.

13. wind turbines as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, impeller rotates together with main shaft,

Wherein, described wind turbine also comprises:

Step-up gear, is connected with main shaft;

The rotor of generator, is connected with step-up gear and can rotates; With

The stator of generator, is arranged on mainframe around the rotor of generator.

14. wind turbines as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described wind turbine also comprises:

Acceleration transducer, is separately positioned on the wheel carrier of each blade unit, for measuring the acceleration of each wheel carrier;

The first damping sensor, is arranged on the first isolation damper, to measure the working state of the first isolation damper;

The second damping sensor, is arranged on the second isolation damper, to measure the working state of the second isolation damper;

Controller, receives the measurement result of the first damping sensor and the second damping sensor and acceleration transducer, and according to the running state of measurement result and wind turbine and wind speed, controls the working state of each isolation damper.

15. wind turbines as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity of described blade unit is 3.