CN103907460A - Cultivation method for one-time seedling input, repeated planting and multiple harvests of Paris polyhoylla var chinens - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a cultivation method for one-time seedling input, repeated planting and multiple harvests of Paris polyhoylla var chinens. The method includes: cutting a fresh rhizome of collected wild Paris polyhoylla var chinens of five to six years old from two-thirds of distance from the tail end to the top end into two sections, using a 1:300-400 solution of 25% carbendazol wettable powder for subjecting the top end to seed soaking and disinfection, and replanting the top end in a field after wound healing; drying the tail end to produce into commodity Paris polyhoylla var chinens; after emergence of a seedling in the next year, applying 1500kg of decaying high-quality organic fertilizer and 20kg of compound fertilizer per mu in time, then managing according to an artificial cultivation method of the field; after three-year growth, performing harvesting, cutting off and alternate husbandry planting repeatedly, so that one-time seedling input, repeated planting and multiple harvests of the Paris polyhoylla var chinens can be realized. By the method, the problem of shortage restriction of the Paris polyhoylla var chinens seedling can be solved, production cost is lowered greatly, harvest cycle of the Paris polyhoylla var chinens can be shortened, risk that the tail end is decayed and gnawed by pests resulting in reduction of yield is reduced, rhizome growth is fast, yield is high, and average yield is more than 30% higher than yield of conventional cultivation cycles.

Description

Seedling of a kind of magnificent Paris polyphylla drops into, and repeats to plant the cultivation method of Multiple harvests

Technical field:

The invention belongs to traditional Chinese medicine standardization production standard operational procedure (SOP) technical field, is the efficient cultivation method that a kind of magnificent Paris polyphylla shortens the production cycle, reduces production costs.

Background technology:

China Paris polyphylla Paris polyhoylla var.chinens (Franch.) Hara is the mutation under Trilliaceae Trilliaceae Paris Paris side form subgenus Paris polyphylla, record together with the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan in 2010 editions " Chinese pharmacopoeia ", Paris polyphylla certified products medicine source, for Chinese Special has rare traditional Chinese medicine.The steroid saponins such as medicinal part is sturdy underground root-like stock, and its chemical composition is Dioscin, have eliminate the phlegm, antibacterial, analgesia, sedative activity, be the primary raw material of the multiple Chinese patent drugs such as Yunnan Baiyao, palace blood is peaceful and new drug.Simultaneously modern pharmacological research shows that Paris polyphylla also has the effects such as hemostasis, antitumor, immunological regulation; be widely used in the bulk drug of many Chinese patent drugs and new drug; consumption sharply increases; therefore cause wild resource to be excavated in a large number; quantity sharply declines; face the problem of resource exhaustion, be badly in need of carrying out artificial cultivation, to protect magnificent Paris polyphylla wild resource in imminent danger.

The bottleneck of current magnificent Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation maximum is that seedling is difficult for obtaining, in production, often excavate wild magnificent Paris polyphylla seedling artificial planting, not only reproduction coefficient is extremely low, and consumption is large, and cost high (seedling cost accounts for the more than 70% of whole production cost), is difficult to realize large-scale production.China's Paris polyphylla also can be bred by seed, but there are several hang-ups in seminal propagation, the one, magnificent Paris polyphylla seed has embryo after-ripening effect, after at least two years, could germinate, and the First Year seedling that emerges only has a slice leaf, not long root, very weak, 2-3 after being used for field production and at least will by the time emerging, so growing-seedling period is long, form commodity medicinal material, the cycle is longer, needs the time of 7-9 from being seeded into results; The 2nd, because magnificent Paris polyphylla is excavated seriously, the seed bearing resource of normally blooming is bordering on exhaustion, is difficult to a large amount of collection seeds; The 3rd, magnificent Paris polyphylla seed bud ratio is low, and its reproduction coefficient has much room for improvement.The magnificent Paris polyphylla of wild or artificial cultivation has a growth characteristic in addition, every older one takes turns, but grow to (after general 6 years) after certain time limit, its rhizome afterbody is easy to nature and rots or gnawed by insect, therefore exceedes after certain time limit, then continued growth, output not only can not increase, may decline on the contrary, therefore in growth, need to find one to prevent that afterbody from rotting or worm food, with the method for increasing the benefit.In producing at present, the wild seedling of many employings carries out artificial cultivation; after 5-6, excavate; sell as commodity Paris polyphylla; then continue to find wild magnificent Paris polyphylla and again plant as seedling, this kind of mode one is that seedling cost is very high, the 2nd, and the cycle of gathering is long; medicinal herb grower takes effect slowly; the 3rd, excessively excavate wild seedling, resource is dug fewer and fewer, is unfavorable for ecological environmental protection.Therefore invent the disposable seedling of a kind of magnificent Paris polyphylla, repeat the cultivation method of plantation, Multiple harvests, solve seedling in magnificent Paris polyphylla large-scale planting and be difficult for the difficult problem obtaining, seedling cost is high, the production cycle is long, very necessary, and have important productive value.

Summary of the invention:

The object of this invention is to provide the disposable seedling of a kind of magnificent Paris polyphylla and drop into, repeat the efficient cultivation method of plantation, Multiple harvests, high to solve artificial planting China Paris polyphylla seedling cost, the cycle of gathering is long, and a slow difficult problem takes effect.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

Select to have grown more than 5 years under wild condition or 5 years above magnificent rhizoma paris rhizomes of the magnificent Paris polyphylla seedling of artificial planting, in mid or late November in autumn results, obtain magnificent Paris polyphylla macrospecies root, then carry out following processing:

The segmentation of first step otch.After excavating, fresh rhizome is cut into 2 sections from tail end to top 2/3rds, tail end (overall length 2/3rds) is cleaned with clear water, then dry and make commodity Paris polyphylla or make medicine materical crude slice and sell, next step processing is done on band bud top (overall length 1/3rd).

Second step, seed and seedling disinfection, wound healing promoting.To 300～400 times of immersion kind sterilizations of broad-spectrum germicide 25% carbendazol wettable powder for the otch of band bud top, after sterilization, spread out, dry in the air at dry cool place place, wait for wound healing, anti-thrust is put and is caused otch courses of infection, kind scutellum rot, wound healing time to extend.

The 3rd step, changes crops and plants in wheel ground.Carry out second and take turns when plantation, need crop rotation to change ground, prevent that continuous cropping from causing continuous cropping obstacle, as disease, insect pest, crop smothering increase, noxious material accumulation, causes Paris polyphylla growth slow, yield poorly, and the morbidity problem such as heavily.

The 4th step, strengthens management, and First Year fertilizer is cultivated in heavy dressing again.The First Year of cultivation again, suitably increases the nutrient supply of magnificent Paris polyphylla, every mu of fertilizer and 20kg composite fertilizer that 1500kg high-quality is become thoroughly decomposed.Thereafter Fertilizer application is consistent with Production of Large Fields.

The 5th step, results in good time, repeat plantation.Again cultivate after 3 years, can consider again to gather in the crops, then carry out segmentation according to cultivation method for the first time, and different stem sections are processed respectively, enter next round plantation.In good time results can prevent that magnificent Paris polyphylla underground rhizome growth year is long and cause that tail end rots naturally or worm food, the Fast Growth of assurance seedling rhizome next round.

The invention has the advantages that:

Disposable seedling drops into, and repeats plantation, Multiple harvests, can solve a difficult problem for the magnificent Paris polyphylla seedling of restriction shortage, greatly reduces production costs, and shortens gathering the cycle of magnificent Paris polyphylla simultaneously, and reduction tail end rots, soil insect gnaws.Guarantee next round rhizome Fast Growth, output improves more than 30% than conventional cultivation production per cycle.

Embodiment:

Within 2006, gather wild magnificent Paris polyphylla, therefrom select the above kind root of life in 5 years to carry out segment, tail end 2/3rds, band bud top 1/3rd.Tail end is cleaned with clear water, then dries and makes commodity Paris polyphylla or make medicine materical crude slice and sell, and gathers in the crops altogether commodity Paris polyphylla 162.3kg/ mu.To 300～400 times of immersion kinds sterilizations of broad-spectrum germicide 25% carbendazol wettable powder for band bud top, then spread out and dry in the air in the cool, wait after wound healing and concentrate and be planted in experimental field.Plantation specification according to row nest apart from 40cm × 10cm standardized cultivation, 16000 plants/acre of planting densities.Test simulation wild environment carries out sunshade, obscurity 60%, and the First Year heavy dressing fertilizer after cultivation, uses the high-quality fertilizer 1500kg and the composite fertilizer 20kg that become thoroughly decomposed for every mu again, and other manage same field production.After-crop in 2009, results for the third time in 2012, obtain respectively commodity Paris polyphylla 168.4kg/ mu and 153.6kg/ mu, with compared with time output, increase production respectively 30.7% and 28.5% with general planting.Terminal bud continues the plantation of changing crops, and can, no longer with new seedling, save seedling cost more than 38400 yuan at every turn, accounts for the more than 70% of totle drilling cost, and benefit is very remarkable.Respectively the commodity active ingredient chonglou saponin total amount of 2009 and 2012 results is detected, testing result is respectively 0.6163% and 0.6247%, reaches version " Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China () " regulation chonglou saponin I, chonglou saponin II, chonglou saponin VI, chonglou saponin VII total amount in 2010 and must not be less than 0.6% standard.

Claims (1)

1. seedling of a magnificent Paris polyphylla drops into, repeat to plant the cultivation method of Multiple harvests, it is characterized in that: utilize the apical dominance of magnificent Paris polyphylla, use 5 years and the magnificent Paris polyphylla of life in 6 years from field acquisition or artificial culture, after excavating, fresh rhizome is cut into 2 sections from tail end to top 2/3rds.Top is with terminal bud end: account for three of overall length/, can not be oversize, otherwise commodity output declines, can not be too short, otherwise growth rate and the survival rate of magnificent Paris polyphylla are planted in impact again, before plantation, with 300～400 times of immersion kind sterilizations of broad-spectrum germicide 25% carbendazol wettable powder, after wound healing, again concentrate standardized planting in large field, next year is used the high-quality fertilizer 1500kg and the composite fertilizer 20kg that become thoroughly decomposed for every mu after emerging; Tail end (overall length 2/3rds) is cleaned with clear water, then dries and makes commodity Paris polyphylla.Grow and excavate again after 3 years, be still cut into 2 sections from stem tail end to stem top 2/3rds, band bud top sterilization, plants after waiting wound healing, so repeatedly, can realize the disposable seedling of magnificent Paris polyphylla and drop into, and repeats plantation, Multiple harvests take 3 years as a cycle.