CN103904381A - Measurement device for inner temperature of battery - Google Patents
Measurement device for inner temperature of battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103904381A CN103904381A CN201410082645.4A CN201410082645A CN103904381A CN 103904381 A CN103904381 A CN 103904381A CN 201410082645 A CN201410082645 A CN 201410082645A CN 103904381 A CN103904381 A CN 103904381A
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- battery
- internal temperature
- cells
- measurement mechanism
- temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a measurement device for an inner temperature of a battery. The measurement device comprises a first packaging shell and a battery pack arranged in the first packaging shell, wherein the battery pack comprises at least two single batteries; the at least two single batteries are stacked; each single battery comprises a battery core and a second packaging shell; the second packaging shell is used for packaging the battery core; the measurement device for the inner temperature of the battery further comprises at least one temperature sensor; the at least one temperature sensor is arranged between the at least two single batteries and is clamped by the at least two single batteries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of measuring internal temperature of battery, relate in particular to a kind of device of internal temperature can measure battery thermal runaway time.
Background technology
Under the dual-pressure of energy crisis and environmental pollution, automobile dynamic system motorized becomes the technical development main flow of future automobile gradually.Even if one of principal character of automobile dynamic system motorized replaces chemical energy as main Power supply source with electric energy.Lithium ion battery, because of the advantage of its energy density and cycle life aspect, is one of the main selection in electric powered motor source.
Lithium-ion battery monomer meets the driven by power requirement of electric automobile by composition battery pack.Usually,, connect and obtain the high voltage that driven by power needs by cell in groups in process at cell; The large electric current needing by cell acquisition in parallel driven by power.In cell process in parallel, the number of batteries needing when jumbo cell is in parallel is few.In battery pack, the minimizing of number of batteries can improve the reliability of battery pack, reduces the cost in battery management process, has been subject to many battery pack designers' favor.
But the fail safe accident of lithium ion battery occasionally has generation, current safety Design method still can not guarantee the fail safe of lithium ion battery.Safety issue will threaten the people's the security of the lives and property, and hinders the extensive industrialization of electric automobile.The parallel connection of low capacity lithium ion battery is in groups time, and the number of batteries needing is more, and the probability breaking down is higher.Although high capacity lithium ion battery is in parallel connection in groups time, the number of batteries needing is less, and the probability breaking down is less, and the Group Design of high capacity lithium ion battery exists other safety issue.
High capacity lithium ion battery size increases relatively, and radiating condition variation and the temperature distributing disproportionation of inside battery are even.The too high fail safe accident that may cause lithium ion battery of local temperature.Due to radiating condition restriction, internal temperature of battery is generally higher than outside batteries temperature.Result of study is found at present, and under lithium ion battery normal operating conditions, inside lithium ion cell and external temperature difference are generally lower than 10
oc, and under lithium ion battery thermal runaway condition, inside battery and external temperature difference may reach 600
oc or more than.Only judge that with outside batteries temperature battery thermal runaway situation is irrational.
Moreover, for improving battery security design, need to assess the harm that battery thermal runaway causes.It is generally acknowledged, the energy that battery discharges in the time that security incident occurs is larger, and the harm that may cause is larger.The energy that battery discharges is generally reflected by the mean temperature of battery.For high capacity lithium ion battery, in the time there is thermal runaway, outside batteries temperature is far below the mean temperature of battery.
Therefore, measurement internal temperature of battery is necessary.At present, measure internal temperature of battery and have some schemes.Such as by implanting the various transducers that can measure temperature at inside battery to measure internal temperature of battery.The temperature sensor that inside battery is implanted will affect the chemical property of battery.The transducer mixing with electrolyte has hindered the transmission of ion, the cycle life of appreciable impact battery.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, necessaryly provide a kind of internal temperature and do not affect the internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism of chemical property can precise monitoring battery thermal runaway time.
A kind of internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism, comprise the first encapsulating housing, and be arranged on the battery pack of this first encapsulating housing inside, this battery pack comprises at least two cells, the stacked setting of these at least two cells, described in each, cell comprises battery core and the second encapsulating housing, described the second encapsulating housing encapsulates described battery core wherein, wherein, this internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism further comprises at least one temperature sensor, described in this at least one temperature sensor is arranged between at least two cells, and clamped by these at least two cells.
The internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention provides, temperature sensor is clamped between at least two described cells with encapsulating structure itself, and then the pack that this clamping is made up of the cell of described temperature sensor is in another encapsulating structure, thereby when measuring internal temperature of battery, can't affect the chemical property of described cell.In addition, because described temperature sensor is clamped between two cells, thereby this temperature sensor can accurately be simulated and be recorded the internal temperature of cell after thermal runaway described in each by two joint cells, especially can measure accurately the inside maximum temperature of described cell after thermal runaway, thus follow-up can guidance for the fail safe of cell group in electrokinetic cell and the design of stability provide effectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
The flow chart of Fig. 2 method of internal temperature of battery during for the described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism monitoring of utilizing of providing of embodiment of the present invention thermal runaway.
The correlation curve figure that utilizes described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism measurement mesuring battary inside and outside temperature before and after thermal runaway that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Main element symbol description
| Internal temperature of |
100 |
| The first |
10 |
| Top | 10a |
| Matrix | |
| 102a | |
| Pole | |
| Lug | |
| 106a | |
| Drain | 10b |
| Cell | |
| 20 | |
| |
30 |
Following embodiment further illustrates the present invention in connection with above-mentioned accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Describe below with reference to accompanying drawing the internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention provides in detail.
Refer to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100, this internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 comprises the first encapsulating housing 10, and be encapsulated in the battery pack in this first encapsulating housing 10, this battery pack comprises at least two cells 20, the stacked setting of these at least two cells, described in each, cell 20 comprises battery core and the second encapsulating housing (not shown), described the second encapsulating housing encapsulates described battery core wherein, wherein, this internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 further comprises at least one temperature sensor 30, described in being arranged on, this at least one temperature sensor 30 clamps between at least two cells 20 and by these at least two cells 20.
Described the first encapsulating housing 10 can be the seal casinghousing of a hollow, for holding and encapsulating described battery pack.Preferably, in the time of described battery pack generation thermal runaway, this first encapsulating housing 10 can have mechanical constraint power to described battery pack, so that described temperature sensor 30 remains the state being clamped by described at least two cells 20.Described the first encapsulating housing 10 is preferably and adopts the heat-resisting material of hard to make.
This first encapsulating housing 10 can comprise a top cover 10a and a drain pan 10b.The hollow structure that described drain pan 10b is an end opening is for holding described battery pack, and described top cover 10a covers and on this opening, forms described the first encapsulating housing 10.
Described top cover 10a comprises a matrix 102a, and this matrix 102a has relative first surface and second surface, and described first surface is away from the opening of described drain pan 10b, and described second surface is near the opening of described drain pan 10b.The shape of this matrix 102a can be made according to the actual needs.Preferably, this matrix 102a is sheet.This matrix can be made up of insulating material.
Described top cover 10a further comprises pole 104a and lug 106a, and described pole 104a is arranged on the first surface of described matrix 102a, and described lug 106a is arranged on the second surface of described matrix 102a.Described pole 104a comprises spaced Positive Poles and negative pole pole.Described lug 106a comprises spaced positive pole ear and negative lug.Described positive pole ear and negative lug have respectively two ends, described Positive Poles is electrically connected with one end of described positive pole ear, the other end of described positive pole ear is electrically connected with the positive terminal of described battery pack, described negative pole pole is electrically connected with one end of described negative lug, and the other end of described negative lug is connected with the negative pole end of described battery pack.Described pole 104a, lug 106a all insulate with described matrix 102a.The material of described pole 104a, lug 106a is electric conducting material.Described matrix 102a, pole 104a and lug 106a can be structure as a whole.
The hollow cavity structure that described drain pan 10b is an end opening hold and mechanical constraint described in battery pack.The shape of this drain pan 10b can design according to the shape of the cell of described battery pack.In the embodiment of the present invention, described drain pan 10b is the cuboid of a hollow.This drain pan 10b preferably adopts the material that hard is heat-resisting to make, and more preferably, the material of described the first encapsulating housing 10 can be made for the heat-resisting metal material of hard, as steel or aluminium.In the embodiment of the present invention, described drain pan 10b is box hat.
Described battery pack comprises at least two cells 20, and described in each, in cell 20, described battery core is good seal in described the second encapsulating housing.This second encapsulating housing can be made up of Soft Roll material or Hard Roll material, as the material of this second encapsulating housing can aluminum plastic film, at least one in aluminum hull, box hat, plastic housing.Preferably, described the second encapsulating housing is made up of described Soft Roll material, thus the safety issue that can avoid battery explosion etc. to cause in the time that battery thermal runaway is tested.In the embodiment of the present invention, the material of described the second encapsulating housing is aluminum plastic film.
These at least two cells 20 have identical thermal characteristics.Preferably, the identical described electrode material of the employing of described at least two cells 20, identical structure, capacity and chemical property are all identical.Adopt identical cell 20 can simulate exactly the internal temperature that records each this cell 20.Described in each, cell 20 can be any electrokinetic cell, is not limited to lithium ion battery, lithium-sulfur cell, lithium-air battery or zinc-air cell.Described in the embodiment of the present invention, at least two cells 20 are lithium ion battery.
These at least two cells 20 contacts arrange, preferably, this mutual close surface of at least two cells 20 is close together, the cell 20 of being close to setting can clamp described temperature sensor 30 better, thereby in the time of battery thermal runaway, described temperature sensor 30 can record the maximum temperature of thermal runaway more accurately.
These at least two cells 20 can be in parallel, series connection or do not connect, as long as at least two cells 20 close Surface Contacts and described temperature sensor 30 can being clamped each other described in guaranteeing.Preferably, described at least two cells 20 electric insulations.In the embodiment of the present invention, described at least two cells 20 are parallel with one another.
Further, this battery pack can further comprise plural described cell 20, the symmetric position that now described at least one temperature sensor 30 can be arranged at this battery pack has symmetrical and identical thermal characteristics when the thermal runaway with the cell 20 that keeps these temperature sensor 30 both sides, record the internal temperature of cell 20 in the time of thermal runaway thereby can accurately simulate, especially can accurately simulate and record the inside maximum temperature of cell 20 in the time of thermal runaway.Preferably, described battery pack comprises cell 20 described in even number, the stacked setting of cell 20 described in this even number, and between adjacent monomer battery 20, contact arranges.
Described in being arranged on, described at least one temperature sensor 30 clamps between at least two cells 20 and by these at least two cells.Described clamping refers to that described temperature sensor 30 surface mutual close with described at least two cells 20 all contacts, and fixes position by the clamping of these at least two cells 20.This temperature sensor 30 is arranged on the center (described symmetric position) of described battery pack, cell 20 quantity that this center is two equate, and thermal characteristics is identical, thereby battery can produce uniform and stable temperature field in the time of variations in temperature around described temperature sensor 30, is beneficial to the exothermic temperature of the described battery of accurate detection.
This temperature sensor 30 can be thermocouple, as occasionally N-type thermocouple of K type thermoelectricity.Preferably, described temperature sensor 30 has wireless launcher, thereby can keep preferably the sealing of described the first encapsulating housing 10, the error that while reducing thermal runaway, internal temperature detects.The physical dimension of described temperature sensor 30 is less with respect to the size of described cell 20, described in its structure is suitable for being clamped between at least two cells 20.Preferably, described temperature sensor 30 is laminated structure.In addition, described temperature sensor 30 also can be not more than for probe diameter the armoured thermocouple of 1mm.The temperature measurement range of this temperature sensor 30 is 0 ℃ to 1000 ℃.
The quantity of described temperature sensor 30 can be determined according to the quantity of described cell 20.Particularly, each described temperature sensor 30 can be arranged between two adjacent cells 20, and is clamped by these two adjacent cells 20.In addition,, in the time that the quantity of described cell 20 is two, also can there be multiple described temperature sensors 30 to be arranged between these two cells 20.
See also Fig. 2, the present invention further provides a kind of method of internal temperature of battery while utilizing described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 to measure thermal runaway, specifically comprise the following steps:
S1, provides mesuring battary, and makes described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100;
S2, heats described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 until described mesuring battary generation thermal runaway; And
S3, monitors and analyzes the temperature of internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 inside and outsides.
In above-mentioned steps S1, needs can be measured to thermal runaway time, the mesuring battary of internal temperature is made described battery pack, and is assembled into described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100.
In above-mentioned steps S2, described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 can be put into adiabatic calorimetry instrument heats, make described mesuring battary temperature increase gradually, until described mesuring battary generation thermal runaway, the temperature of the temperature sensor 30 in described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 between can two described cells 20 of Real-Time Monitoring simulated the internal temperature of cell described in each.
Embodiment
In the present embodiment, described mesuring battary is monomer soft bag lithium ionic cell, and wherein, the positive electrode active materials of this monomer soft bag lithium ionic cell is nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material, and negative active core-shell material is graphite, and capacity is 12.5Ah.It is the described battery pack of 25Ah that the identical described monomer soft bag lithium ionic cell of two materials and geometry the capacity that is unified into are provided, and is assembled into described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism.
See also Fig. 3, there is thermal runaway in described mesuring battary in the time of approximately 250 ℃.Before there is not thermal runaway,, between 3540 minutes, in heating process, described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 inside and outside temperature are basic identical.In the time there is thermal runaway, internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 internal temperatures are higher than external temperature.At maximum temperature place, the internal temperature of this internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 has reached 877 ℃, and outside maximum temperature is only 453 ℃.After thermal runaway, further take described internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 apart rear discovery, described the second encapsulating housing aluminum plastic film and as all fusings such as the collector aluminium foil in described battery core.The fusing point of aluminium is about 660 ℃, and clear this internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism 100 that adopts of fusing indirection table of aluminium can be measured the inside battery maximum temperature under thermal runaway exactly.It is appropriate suitable heat insulation that the acquisition of this inside battery maximum temperature contributes to instruct battery pack in electrokinetic cell to carry out between can be to adjacent cell in the time of design, thereby prevent after a certain cell thermal runaway, thermal runaway expands to other adjacent cell, thereby can effectively improve fail safe and the stability of electrokinetic cell.
The internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention provides, temperature sensor is clamped between at least two described cells with encapsulating structure itself, and then the pack that this clamping is made up of the cell of described temperature sensor is in another encapsulating structure, thereby when measuring internal temperature of battery, can't affect the chemical property of described cell.In addition, because described temperature sensor is clamped between two cells, thereby this temperature sensor can accurately be simulated and be recorded the internal temperature of cell after thermal runaway described in each by two joint cells, especially can measure accurately the inside maximum temperature of described cell after thermal runaway, thus follow-up can guidance for the fail safe of cell group in electrokinetic cell and the design of stability provide effectively.
In addition, those skilled in the art can also do other and change in spirit of the present invention, and certainly, the variation that these do according to spirit of the present invention, within all should being included in the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (10)
1. an internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism, it is characterized in that, comprise the first encapsulating housing, and be arranged on the battery pack of this first encapsulating housing inside, this battery pack comprises at least two cells, the stacked setting of these at least two cells, described in each, cell comprises battery core and the second encapsulating housing, described the second encapsulating housing encapsulates described battery core wherein, wherein, this internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism further comprises at least one temperature sensor, described in this at least one temperature sensor is arranged between at least two cells, and clamped by these at least two cells.
2. internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, geometry, material and discharge capacity that described at least two cells have identical thermal characteristics and these at least two cells are identical.
3. internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described at least two cells are close to setting on stacked surface.
4. internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described battery pack comprises two the above cells, and the quantity of described cell is even number, internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism further comprises multiple described temperature sensors, each described temperature sensor is arranged between two adjacent described cells, and is clamped by these two adjacent described cells.
5. internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described the second encapsulating housing is Soft Roll encapsulating material.
6. internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, electric insulation between described at least two cells.
7. internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first encapsulating housing comprises top cover and drain pan, and described drain pan is the hollow structure of an end opening, and described top cover covers at described opening and forms described the first encapsulating housing.
8. internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described top cover comprises matrix, pole and lug, described matrix has relative first surface and second surface, described first surface is away from described opening, described second surface is near described opening, described pole comprises the Positive Poles and the negative pole pole that are disposed on described first surface, described lug comprises the positive pole ear and the negative lug that are disposed on described second surface, described Positive Poles and described positive pole ear are electrically connected and are connected to the positive pole of described cell, described negative pole pole and described negative lug are electrically connected and are connected to the negative pole of described cell, described pole, mutually insulated between lug and described matrix.
9. internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first encapsulating housing adopts the heat-resisting material of hard.
10. internal temperature of battery measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described temperature sensor is thermocouple.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410082645.4A CN103904381B (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Internal temperature of battery measurement apparatus |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410082645.4A CN103904381B (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Internal temperature of battery measurement apparatus |
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| CN103904381A true CN103904381A (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| CN103904381B CN103904381B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105633489A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-01 | 清华大学 | Package structure for internal short-circuit simulation of power battery |
| CN105826511A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-08-03 | 清华大学 | Packaged battery with internal short circuit function |
| CN106450566A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-02-22 | 广东工业大学 | Power battery module with disaster prevention system |
| CN106549193A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-03-29 | 福建省汽车工业集团云度新能源汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring method and its measurement apparatus of internal temperature of power battery |
| CN107219326A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | 中国电力科学研究院 | The performance estimating method and assessment system of a kind of secondary cell fire proofing |
| CN107946682A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-20 | 浙江隆劲电池科技有限公司 | A kind of lithium battery of detectable internal temperature and pressure |
| CN108896923A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-27 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Device and method for testing overcurrent capacity of current collector of lithium battery |
| CN110515006A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-11-29 | 山东元齐新动力科技有限公司 | A kind of battery pack, the management method of battery pack and vehicle |
| CN110534831A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-03 | 清华大学 | Internal temperature of battery measurement method |
| CN112227760A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-01-15 | 张明轩 | Broken equipment of tearing open of old and useless building |
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| CN106450566A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-02-22 | 广东工业大学 | Power battery module with disaster prevention system |
| CN106549193A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-03-29 | 福建省汽车工业集团云度新能源汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring method and its measurement apparatus of internal temperature of power battery |
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| CN108896923A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-27 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Device and method for testing overcurrent capacity of current collector of lithium battery |
| CN110534831A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-03 | 清华大学 | Internal temperature of battery measurement method |
| CN110515006A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-11-29 | 山东元齐新动力科技有限公司 | A kind of battery pack, the management method of battery pack and vehicle |
| CN112227760A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-01-15 | 张明轩 | Broken equipment of tearing open of old and useless building |
| CN112227760B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-12-14 | 重庆市富正建筑工程有限公司 | Broken equipment of tearing open of old and useless building |
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