CN103882236A - Method for processing high-sulfur copper dust and recovering copper by employing a wet process - Google Patents
Method for processing high-sulfur copper dust and recovering copper by employing a wet process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for processing high-sulfur copper dust and recovering copper by employing a wet process is characterize by comprising: (1) performing a first stage low-concentration acid leaching on high-sulfur copper dust so as to enable a part of copper and majority of zinc and cadmium to enter into the leaching liquid, recovering copper, zinc and cadmium from the leaching liquid, and sending the leaching residue, into which almost all of lead, bismuth and silver enters, to a second stage oxidation leaching for further leaching copper; (2) introducing air into the first-stage leaching residue to performing second-stage oxidation leaching, so as to leach the majority of copper sulfides, and sending the enriched leaching residue, in which lead, bismuth and silver are left, to a place for pyrometallurgucal process and for recovering lead, bismuth and silver, and enabling a second-stage leaching liquid to return for the first stage low-concentration acid leaching; and (3) performing extraction-electrolysis processing on the first-stage leaching liquid to obtain cathode copper. The method, which employs the wet process metallurgy technology to process high-sulfur copper dust, has the characteristics of environment friendly, high leaching rate on copper, zinc and cadmium, high rate of lead, bismuth and silver entering into the leaching residue and low production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-sulfur copper cigarette ash wet processing and reclaim the technique of the valuable metals such as copper, particularly relate to a kind of in sulfuric acid medium Oxidation Leaching high-sulfur ash of copper converter reclaim the method for copper, i.e. sulfuric acid leaching copper cigarette ash under blowing air condition, leach liquor obtains electrolytic copper by extraction-electrolysis, from leached mud, reclaim lead, bismuth and silver, from raffinate, reclaim zinc and cadmium, belong to technical field of wet metallurgy.
Background technology
To the processing of copper cigarette ash, in early days take pyrogenic process as main, recent development trend is take wet method or wet method-pyrogenic process process integration as main.At present, copper cigarette ash mainly contains following several treatment process both at home and abroad:
Blast-furnace method
Blast-furnace method is that copper cigarette ash is added to tackiness agent, makes pelletizing.Pelletizing is packed together with flux, coke into melting in smelting furnace, lead smelting becomes lead bullion again, and copper is smelted into matte, and zinc forms tutty fume recovery, and arsenic is fixed with the form of arsenic matte.The problem that this method exists is that tackiness agent does not generally contain valuable metal, increases the treatment capacity of stove; In copper cigarette ash, the content of iron is low, and in order to obtain, fusing point is low, the slag of good fluidity, must add a large amount of ferrous materials, forms with working the slag; Simultaneously blast furnace smelting unavoidably produces secondary pollution, and the purity that reclaims product is not high, and the rate of recovery not high (40%-70%) of copper, lead, zinc.
Selecting smelting combination method
The basic procedure of selecting smelting combination method: copper cigarette ash is after leaching, solid-liquid separation, and the heavy copper of leach liquor displacement, is oxidized neutralized ex iron arsenic, and condensing crystal is prepared Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate; Leached mud obtains copper ore concentrates, inferior concentrate, chats by ore dressing, and these three kinds of materials directly return to converter melting, and arsenic is enriched in mine tailing, stores up.This method lead and bismuth are dispersed, and the rate of recovery is low.
Wet method-pyrogenic process process integration
Wet method-pyrogenic process process integration basic procedure: dilute acid pretreatment ash of copper converter-displacement is sunk copper-deironing-condensing crystal and produced zinc sulfate.Leached mud is produced lead bullion further to reclaim plumbous grade for metal through fire reduction melting.This method weak point be fuel rate up to 30%, environmental pollution is more serious, valuable element comprehensive recovery is on the low side, product structure is unreasonable etc.
Full wet processing process
The identical point of full wet processing process and wet method-pyrogenic process integrated process is the recovery of copper and zinc all to adopt same process flow, and acid leaching residue is adopted to the technique of carbonate conversion-nitric acid leaching-sulfuric acid depositing.The method is fully used resource, has reduced environmental pollution, technology maturation.Shortcoming is that operating process is long, and deironing burden is heavy, is not suitable for processing the copper cigarette ash that sulfur-bearing is high.
Process copper smelting ash additive method and also have pressure leaching process, sodium sulphite-alkali system Oxidation Leaching method and villaumite lixiviation process etc.
Except above-mentioned technique, people have have also researched and developed the technique of various processing copper cigarette ash.For example
1. the Chinese invention patent that publication number is CN1493707 has provided " novel process that a kind of ash of copper converter slag is agglomerating and agglomerating formula thereof ", it is characterized in that: after first adding additive in ash of copper converter slag, roll over through mixing, be pressed into agglomerate, then drop into smelting in smelting furnace and reclaim plumbous; Its agglomerating formula is: in every 100 kilograms of slags, add 2-10 kilogram of lime, 2-10 kilogram cement, 5-15 kilogram bituminous coal.This technique has solved the poor problem of furnace charge air permeability in former smelting technology, can improve the throughput of smelting furnace, improves metal recovery rate, reduces energy consumption.
2. the Chinese invention patent that publication number is CN101519728 has provided " a kind of ash of copper converter is prepared the method for bismuth oxide ", first ash of copper converter is leached with dilute sulphuric acid, and sulphuric leachate reclaims copper, zinc; Then leached mud is added the sodium-chlor vitriol oil to leach, leach liquor is replaced with iron, obtains sponge bismuth; Again sponge bismuth is prepared to bismuth oxide through washing, nitric acid dissolve, transition, calcining again.This technological process is simpler, adopts wet process, good operational environment.
3. the Chinese invention patent that publication number is CN101519729 has provided " a kind of method of preparing lead sulfate tribasic with ash of copper converter ", its step comprises: leach ash of copper converter (1) with dilute sulphuric acid, obtains leach liquor and leaded, the bismuth leached mud of cupric, zinc; It is characterized in that its step also comprises: (2) add the sodium-chlor vitriol oil to leach leaded, bismuth leached mud, obtain bismuth-containing leach liquor and villaumite leached mud; (3) villaumite leached mud is transformed and obtains volatile salt conversion slag with volatile salt; (4) volatile salt is transformed to slag nitric acid dissolve; (5) volatile salt after nitric acid dissolve is transformed to slag lysate sulfuric acid precipitation; (6) the synthetic lead sulfate tribasic of lead sulfate precipitation sodium hydroxide precipitation being obtained.The method of this technique all adopts wet process, is leached the lead in cigarette ash is changed into lead carbonate by segmentation, then uses the acid-soluble solution of pin, sulfuric acid precipitation, then add sodium hydroxide to synthesize lead sulfate tribasic, this technological process is simpler, adopt wet process, good operational environment.
The method that above patent application 1 is mentioned, can not efficient recovery copper to reclaim metallic lead as main, the inevitable contaminate environment of fusion process.The equal conventional hydrometallurgical processes of method of patent application 2 and patent application 3 is processed copper cigarette ash, but is not suitable for processing the copper cigarette ash that sulfur-bearing is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome prior art above shortcomings, for the existing problem that particularly reclaims the valuable metal existence such as copper from copper cigarette ash from high-sulfur copper cigarette ash, a kind of method that new wet processing high-sulfur copper cigarette ash reclaims copper has been proposed, the method adopts two sections of extract technologies to process copper smelting ash: one section of leaching is low Ore Leaching, and two sections of leachings are blowing air Oxidation Leachings in sulfuric acid system; From leach liquor, reclaim copper, zinc and cadmium, from leached mud, reclaim lead, bismuth and silver.
The technical solution that the present invention provides: this wet processing high-sulfur copper cigarette ash reclaims the method for copper, its feature has following steps to form:
(1) high-sulfur copper cigarette ash carries out one section of low Ore Leaching, part copper and most of zinc and cadmium enter leach liquor, reclaim copper, zinc and cadmium, lead, bismuth and silver from leach liquor and almost all enter leached mud, leached mud send two sections of Oxidation Leachings further to leach copper, the technical qualification of low Ore Leaching are: sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 19g/L~79g/L, leach liquid-solid ratio L/S=3~7:1,40 ℃~70 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 1h~4h.
(2) one sections of leached muds carry out two sections of Oxidation Leachings of blowing air, the sulfide major part of copper is leached, lead, bismuth and silver are stayed in leached mud, the leached mud that obtains enrichment send pyrometallurgical smelting to reclaim lead, bismuth and silver, two sections of leach liquors return to one section of low Ore Leaching, and two sections of Oxidation Leaching technical qualification are: air flow quantity 0.3m
3/ h~0.8m
3/ h, sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 180g/L~240g/L, liquid-solid ratio L/S=3~6:1,80 ℃~95 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 5h~8h.
(3) one sections of leach liquors obtain cathode copper by extraction-electrolytic process; After raffinate oxidation neutralized ex iron, arsenic, neutralization precipitation reclaims zinc and cadmium again.Copper electrolytic process technical qualification: current density 170A/m
2~180A/m
2, 45 ℃~55 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, with pole span 100mm.
The composition of above-mentioned high-sulfur copper cigarette ash is:
High-sulfur copper cigarette ash main chemical compositions is analyzed
, compared with reclaiming the technology of copper copper cigarette ash, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows with existing:
1. adopt hydrometallurgical technology to process high-sulfur copper cigarette ash, environmental friendliness.
2. leach high-sulfur copper cigarette ash with air-sulfuric acid system, copper, zinc and cadmium leaching yield are high; It is high that lead, bismuth and silver enter slag rate.
3. production cost is low, and recovery rate of valuable metals is high, can produce good economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Specific embodiments
Now, in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
High-sulfur copper cigarette ash is carried out to one section of low Ore Leaching with sulfuric acid, carry out liquid-solid separation after leaching, leach liquor reclaims copper, zinc and cadmium by technological processs such as Extraction electrodeposition, neutralization precipitations.Leached mud send two sections of Oxidation Leachings, the technical qualification of one section of leaching of high-sulfur copper cigarette ash: sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 59g/L, leach liquid-solid ratio L/S=3:1, and temperature 60 C, extraction time 2h, leaches endpoint pH 1.5.One section of leached mud carries out two sections of Oxidation Leachings under the condition of blowing air, and leach liquor returns to one section low Ore Leaching process, and leached mud send fire metallurgy process to reclaim lead, bismuth and silver, the technical qualification of two sections of Oxidation Leachings: air flow quantity 0.5m
3/ h, sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 230g/L, liquid-solid ratio L/S=3:1,90 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 8h.Copper electrolytic process technical qualification: current density 180A/m
2, 55 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, with pole span 100mm.
Result: lead recovery (slag input): 99.48%
The bismuth rate of recovery (slag input): 98.16%
Silver raising recovery rate (slag input): 99.31%
Copper recovery: 94.75%
Zinc recovery: 91.87%
The cadmium rate of recovery: 83.63%
Slag rate: 63.25%
Lead-in-dreg: 53.17%
Slag bismuth-containing: 8.55%
Slag argentiferous: 466.64g/t.
Embodiment 2
High-sulfur copper cigarette ash is carried out to one section of low Ore Leaching with sulfuric acid, carry out liquid-solid separation after leaching, leach liquor reclaims copper, zinc and cadmium by technological processs such as Extraction electrodeposition, neutralization precipitations.Leached mud send two sections of Oxidation Leachings, the technical qualification of one section of leaching of high-sulfur copper cigarette ash: sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 39g/L, leach liquid-solid ratio L/S=4:1, and 40 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 1h, leaches endpoint pH 2.0.One section of leached mud carries out two sections of Oxidation Leachings under the condition of blowing air, and leach liquor returns to one section low Ore Leaching process, and leached mud send fire metallurgy process to reclaim lead, bismuth and silver, the technical qualification of two sections of Oxidation Leachings: air flow quantity 0.3m
3/ h, sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 180g/L, liquid-solid ratio L/S=4:1,85 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 6h.Copper electrolytic process technical qualification: current density 180A/m
2, 55 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, with pole span 100mm.
Result: lead recovery (slag input): 99.68%
The bismuth rate of recovery (slag input): 99.16%
Silver raising recovery rate (slag input): 98.81%
Copper recovery: 92.57%
Zinc recovery: 90.76%
The cadmium rate of recovery: 81.93%
Slag rate: 65.25%
Lead-in-dreg: 52.17%
Slag bismuth-containing: 8.11%
Slag argentiferous: 456.73g/t.
Embodiment 3
High-sulfur copper cigarette ash is carried out to one section of low Ore Leaching with sulfuric acid, carry out liquid-solid separation after leaching, leach liquor reclaims copper, zinc and cadmium by technological processs such as Extraction electrodeposition, neutralization precipitations.Leached mud send two sections of Oxidation Leachings, the technical qualification of one section of leaching of high-sulfur copper cigarette ash: sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 69g/L, leach liquid-solid ratio L/S=6:1, and temperature 70 C, extraction time 4h, leaches endpoint pH 1.5.One section of leached mud carries out two sections of Oxidation Leachings under the condition of blowing air, and leach liquor returns to one section low Ore Leaching process, and leached mud send fire metallurgy process to reclaim lead, bismuth and silver, the technical qualification of two sections of Oxidation Leachings: air flow quantity 0.6m
3/ h, sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 240g/L, liquid-solid ratio L/S=4:1,95 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 8h.Copper electrolytic process technical qualification: current density 180A/m
2, 55 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, with pole span 100mm.
Result: lead recovery (slag input): 99.11%
The bismuth rate of recovery (slag input): 97.86%
Silver raising recovery rate (slag input): 99.22%
Copper recovery: 95.06%
Zinc recovery: 92.33%
The cadmium rate of recovery: 85.36%
Slag rate: 62.12%
Lead-in-dreg: 54.45%
Slag bismuth-containing: 8.88%
Slag argentiferous: 468.97g/t.
Claims (4)
1. wet processing high-sulfur copper cigarette ash reclaims a method method for copper, it is characterized in that having following steps to form:
(1) high-sulfur copper cigarette ash carries out one section of low Ore Leaching, and part copper and most of zinc and cadmium enter leach liquor, reclaims copper, zinc and cadmium from leach liquor; Lead, bismuth and silver almost all enter leached mud, leached mud send two sections of Oxidation Leachings further to leach copper, low Ore Leaching technical qualification be: sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 19g/L~79g/L, leach liquid-solid ratio L/S=3~7:1,40 ℃~70 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 1h~4h;
(2) one sections of leached muds carry out two sections of Oxidation Leachings of blowing air, the sulfide major part of copper is leached, lead, bismuth and silver are stayed in leached mud, the leached mud that obtains enrichment send pyrometallurgical smelting to reclaim lead, bismuth and silver, two sections of leach liquors return to one section of low Ore Leaching, and two sections of Oxidation Leaching technical qualification are: air flow quantity 0.3m
3/ h~0.8m
3/ h, sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 180g/L~240g/L, liquid-solid ratio L/S=3~6:1,80 ℃~95 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 5h~8h;
(3) one sections of leach liquors obtain cathode copper by extraction-electrolytic process; After raffinate oxidation neutralized ex iron, arsenic, neutralization precipitation reclaims zinc and cadmium, copper electrolytic process technical qualification: current density 170A/m again
2~180A/m
2, 45 ℃~55 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, with pole span 100mm.
2. wet processing high-sulfur copper cigarette ash reclaims the method for copper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that
High-sulfur copper cigarette ash is carried out to one section of low Ore Leaching with sulfuric acid, after leaching, carry out liquid-solid separation, leach liquor reclaims copper, zinc and cadmium by technological processs such as Extraction electrodeposition, neutralization precipitations, and leached mud send two sections of Oxidation Leachings, the technical qualification of one section of low Ore Leaching of high-sulfur copper cigarette ash:
Sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 59g/L, leaches liquid-solid ratio L/S=3:1, temperature 60 C, and extraction time 2h, leaches terminal pH value 1.5;
One section of leached mud carries out two sections of Oxidation Leachings under the condition of blowing air, and leach liquor returns to one section low Ore Leaching process, and leached mud send fire metallurgy process to reclaim lead, bismuth and silver, the technical qualification of two sections of Oxidation Leachings:
Air flow quantity 0.5m
3/ h, sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 230g/L, liquid-solid ratio L/S=3:1,90 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 8h;
One section of leach liquor obtains cathode copper by extraction-electrolytic process, copper electrolytic process technical qualification: current density 180A/m
2, 55 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, with pole span 100mm.
3. wet processing high-sulfur copper cigarette ash reclaims the method for copper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that
High-sulfur copper cigarette ash is carried out to one section of low Ore Leaching with sulfuric acid, carry out liquid-solid separation after leaching, leach liquor reclaims copper, zinc and cadmium by technological processs such as Extraction electrodeposition, neutralization precipitations.Leached mud send two sections of Oxidation Leachings, the technical qualification of one section of leaching of high-sulfur copper cigarette ash:
Sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 39g/L, leaches liquid-solid ratio L/S=4:1,40 ℃ of temperature, and extraction time 1h, leaches terminal pH value 2.0;
One section of leached mud carries out two sections of Oxidation Leachings under the condition of blowing air, and leach liquor returns to one section low Ore Leaching process, and leached mud send fire metallurgy process to reclaim lead, bismuth and silver, the technical qualification of two sections of Oxidation Leachings:
Air flow quantity 0.3m
3/ h, sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 180g/L, liquid-solid ratio L/S=4:1,85 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 6h;
One section of leach liquor obtains cathode copper by extraction-electrolytic process, copper electrolytic process technical qualification:
Current density 180A/m
2, 55 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, with pole span 100mm.
4. wet processing high-sulfur copper cigarette ash reclaims the method for copper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that
High-sulfur copper cigarette ash is carried out to one section of low Ore Leaching with sulfuric acid, carry out liquid-solid separation after leaching, leach liquor reclaims copper, zinc and cadmium by technological processs such as Extraction electrodeposition, neutralization precipitations.Leached mud send two sections of Oxidation Leachings, the technical qualification of one section of leaching of high-sulfur copper cigarette ash:
Sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 69g/L, leaches liquid-solid ratio L/S=6:1, temperature 70 C, and extraction time 4h, leaches terminal pH value 1.5;
One section of leached mud carries out two sections of Oxidation Leachings under the condition of blowing air, and leach liquor returns to one section low Ore Leaching process, and leached mud send fire metallurgy process to reclaim lead, bismuth and silver, the technical qualification of two sections of Oxidation Leachings:
Air flow quantity 0.6m
3/ h, sulfuric acid initial mass concentration 240g/L, liquid-solid ratio L/S=4:1,95 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 8h;
One section of leach liquor obtains cathode copper copper electrolytic process technical qualification: current density 180A/m by extraction-electrolytic process
2, 55 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, with pole span 100mm.
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Cited By (9)
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CN106544513A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-29 | 河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司 | A kind of method of copper smelting by pyrometallurgy white cigarette dirt valuable metal recovery |
CN106636656A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-05-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for recovering valuable metal from copper smelting white smoke |
CN107502753A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-12-22 | 河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司 | A kind of method of Copper making white cigarette dirt acid leaching-extraction removal of impurities |
ES2674440A1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | Instituto Geológico Y Minero De España.Museo Geominero | Hydrometallurgical plant for the treatment of complex sulfides (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
CN108754167A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-06 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | A kind of method that Copper making flue dust efficiently separates copper arsenic |
CN109439917A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-08 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司 | A kind of enhanced leaching method and its application of Copper making cigarette ash |
CN110396597A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-01 | 江西铜业集团有限公司 | A kind of selecting smelting combination process of the high efficiency extraction lead bismuth from oxidation cleaning residue |
CN112609082A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-06 | 江西睿锋环保有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity cathode copper by using copper-containing soot and acidic waste liquid |
CN115044778A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-13 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Method for mixed leaching of zinc oxide and copper white smoke |
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CN106636656A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-05-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for recovering valuable metal from copper smelting white smoke |
CN106544513A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-29 | 河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司 | A kind of method of copper smelting by pyrometallurgy white cigarette dirt valuable metal recovery |
ES2674440A1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | Instituto Geológico Y Minero De España.Museo Geominero | Hydrometallurgical plant for the treatment of complex sulfides (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
CN107502753A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-12-22 | 河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司 | A kind of method of Copper making white cigarette dirt acid leaching-extraction removal of impurities |
CN108754167A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-06 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | A kind of method that Copper making flue dust efficiently separates copper arsenic |
CN109439917A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-08 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司 | A kind of enhanced leaching method and its application of Copper making cigarette ash |
CN110396597A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-01 | 江西铜业集团有限公司 | A kind of selecting smelting combination process of the high efficiency extraction lead bismuth from oxidation cleaning residue |
CN112609082A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-06 | 江西睿锋环保有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity cathode copper by using copper-containing soot and acidic waste liquid |
CN115044778A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-13 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Method for mixed leaching of zinc oxide and copper white smoke |
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Application publication date: 20140625 |