CN103872568A - Chirped pulse stretching compression amplification system for eliminating high-order dispersion - Google Patents
Chirped pulse stretching compression amplification system for eliminating high-order dispersion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chirped pulse stretching compression amplification system for eliminating high-order dispersion. The chirped pulse stretching compression amplification system comprises a femtosecond pulse oscillation source, a main grating stretcher, a main amplifier and a main grating compressor, and is characterized by also comprising an auxiliary stretcher, an auxiliary compressor, a pre-amplifier, a first reflecting mirror and a second reflecting mirror. According to the chirped pulse stretching compression amplification system, pulse stretching compression is separated from system material dispersion compensation, so that the remaining high-order dispersion of a light pulse which is finally output is reduced by a couple of orders of magnitude or is even eliminated completely and possibly. A phase spectrum outputting a laser pulse is flat, pulse width approaching a conversion limit can be obtained, amplification of an ultra-strong and ultra-short pulse with the width of less than 15fs is supported, and a contrast at a picosecond position before a laser main pulse is output is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser science field, particularly a kind of chirped pulse time domain broadening compression amplification system of eliminating high-order dispersion.
Background technology
Superpower ultrashort laser science is with the development of superpower ultrashort laser, the interaction of superpower ultrashort laser and material, and leading basic research in cross discipline and relevant high-tech sector is research object, is important science frontier field.The basic equipment that the ultrashort ultra-intense laser system of miniaturization that wherein can output high-power pulse is the research of superpower ultrashort laser scientific domain.Here " superpower ultrashort " refers to that the time width of laser pulse is extremely narrow and (is generally less than 200 femtoseconds, femtosecond 10
-15s, is called for short fs), peak power is high (is greater than 1 terawatt (TW), 10
12w, is called for short TW).The time width of ultrashort pulse is subject to the restriction of spectrum, and spectrum is wider, and the pulse duration that pulse compression may reach is in theory just narrower, but in reality, can be subject to the impact of uneven laser phase spectrum, the compression of cannot realizing ideal.
It is basic fundamental route that ultrashort ultra-intense laser system adopts chirped pulse to amplify (Chirped Pulse Amplification, is abbreviated as CPA).Typical scenario is as adopted the titanium sapphire laser system of CPA technology: the ultrashort pulse that the intensity that femtosecond laser oscillation source directly produces is weak, first be admitted in grating stretcher, introduce strong warbling by grating, burst length width thereby broadened 1,000,000 times, become (nanosecond 10 nanosecond
-9s, is called for short ns) long pulse of magnitude.Such long pulse, in titanium jewel gain media, obtains energy and amplifies; Finally utilize gratings compressor, eliminate warbling in laser pulse, make compressed time femtosecond ultrashort pulse of nanosecond long pulse, finally realize the output of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse.This laser pulse has the characteristic of wide spectrum, the narrow pulse width that the fourier transform limit of its spectrum has determined that compression may reach.
Superpower ultrashort laser system output laser pulse has very high-energy, easily causes the optics of system self to destroy.So conventionally require compressor reducer to adopt reflecting element, structure is more simply better, loss is the smaller the better.The gratings compressor of the simplest structure no more than being made up of two pairs of parallel grating mirrors, can produce negative dispersion.Outside the Pass having with the wavelength of light self, negative dispersion amount also depends on incisure density, laser incidence angle and the parallel grating spacing of grating.In CPA system, laser pulse has the wide spectral bandwidth of tens nanometers, and dispersion spectrum can be decomposed into the single order, second order, three rank of central wavelength and high-order dispersion more.Wherein, 1st order chromatic dispersion represents the bulk velocity of laser pulse, irrelevant with the problem of research; Three, fourth-order dispersion amount is only relevant with laser incidence angle with the ratio of 2nd order chromatic dispersion amount; And in the time that laser incidence angle is determined, 2nd order chromatic dispersion amount is only relevant with grating space.
The grating stretcher of CPA system, its essence is to utilize the optical imaging system of looking in the distance of 1:1 to form a picture grating, and parallel to each other and " bearing " distance between object light grid and picture grating.The dispersion equation of gratings compressor can be used on desirable stretcher completely, and required change just becomes grating space into negative value.That is to say in theory, the dispersion of desirable stretcher and compressor reducer antithesis, can be realized dispersion fidelity compensation each other.
In actual CPA system, laser will pass various optical elements in system, as laser amplification medium, nonlinear crystal, lens etc.These have the optical element of material positive dispersion, can change the chirp value of transmission laser.Therefore for actual CPA system, the parameter between stretcher and compressor reducer has difference.
In the prior art, femtosecond laser oscillation source 1 generates ultrashort pulse, is first admitted in grating stretcher 2, and width becomes nanosecond, and (nanosecond is 10
-9s) long pulse of magnitude.Such long pulse, through casacade multi-amplifier 3, obtains energy and amplifies; Pulse after amplification, through gratings compressor 4, makes compressed time femtosecond ultrashort pulse of nanosecond long pulse, finally realizes the output of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse, as Fig. 3.Wherein, the dispersion compensation of CPA system is followed following methods: by adjusting the parallel grating distance of compressor reducer, can regulate 2nd order chromatic dispersion amount, to compensate the 2nd order chromatic dispersion of stretcher and system material; By adjusting the grating incidence angle of compressor reducer, to compensate the third-order dispersion of stretcher and system material.
Under technique scheme, the quadravalence even more dispersion of high-order cannot be compensated.Residual high-order dispersion amount is very large, is mainly provided by dispersion compressor reducer, and with respect to it, the high-order dispersion amount that system material carries is negligible.The stretching capability of grating stretcher larger (be long pulse wider) after broadening, residual high-order dispersion amount is larger.High-order dispersion can affect the width that can reach after light pulse compression, and high-order dispersion amount is larger, and the flat region of laser phase spectrum is narrower, and the light pulse after compression is also just wider.Fig. 2 is the result of computer Simulation, and wherein initial light pulse has Gaussian, original width 15fs, and the full width at half maximum of spectrum is 60nm, two, third-order dispersion is 0.As Fig. 2 a, if residual fourth-order dispersion is 10
6fs
4, phase spectrum flat region (being less than 1 radian) width is 50nm, the Gaussian pulse (corresponding 15fs pulsewidth) of the about 60nm of full width at half maximum can only be compressed to 49fs; As Fig. 2 b, when remaining fourth-order dispersion amount is 10
5fs
4time, phase spectrum flat region (being less than 1 radian) width is 80nm, pulsewidth can be compressed to 28fs.In practice, the superpower ultrashort laser system residual dispersion of macro-energy exceedes 10 conventionally
5fs
4, wide spectrum output pulse can only be supported the output of the 30fs amount utmost point.In order to improve the peak power of output laser pulse, be necessary to eliminate high-order dispersion, or be at least reduced to the acceptable degree of system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of chirped pulse time domain broadening compression amplification system of eliminating high-order dispersion is provided, with the flat region scope of this expansion of laser light output impulse phase spectrum, and further reduce output pulse width, improve laser peak power, thereby can support the superpower ultrashort pulse amplification of the following width of 15fs; And smooth due to phase spectrum, for the spectral bandwidth that increases CPA system provides practical significance; In addition, it also can promote the contrast of psec position of output main pulse, meets the requirement of related physical experiment.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of chirped pulse chirped amplification system of eliminating high-order dispersion, comprise femtosecond pulse oscillation source, main grating stretcher, main amplifier and main gratings compressor, be characterized in that this system also comprises auxiliary stretcher, auxiliary compressor reducer, preamplifier, the first speculum and the second speculum, the relative position relation of described components and parts is as follows:
First the femtosecond ultrashort pulse that femtosecond pulse oscillation source produces enters auxiliary grating stretcher, and broadening becomes short pulse.Short pulse enters preamplifier, under the gain effect of preamplifier, accepts energy, realizes tentatively and amplifying.Short pulse after preliminary amplification enters auxiliary compressor reducer and is partially compressed back hundred femtosecond pulses.Hundred femtosecond pulses enter main grating stretcher broadening to long pulse under the first speculum guiding, then under the guiding of the second speculum, enter main amplifier, under the gain effect of main amplifier, accept energy, realize energy and amplify.Long pulse after energy amplifies enters main gratings compressor, is compacted into the ultrashort pulse of femtosecond magnitude.
Described femtosecond pulse oscillation source is titanium jewel femtosecond Mode-locked laser device, dye laser or optical fiber mode locked laser etc.
Described auxiliary stretcher is that grating stretcher, fiber stretcher and prism equity dispersion element form, and for light pulse provides relatively little chirp value, Femtosecond Optical Pulses broadening is arrived to psec to hundred picosecond magnitude.
Described auxiliary compressor reducer is made up of gratings compressor or fiber compressor or prism equity dispersion element, the dispersion causing in order to compensate auxiliary stretcher and system all material, can, in the situation that not introducing main grating stretcher and main gratings compressor, at the end of main amplifier, short pulse be compressed to broadening and return the ultrashort pulse of femtosecond magnitude.
Described preamplifier, is based on laser medium, as titanium jewel etc., laser amplification technique, can be also based on nonlinear crystal, as bbo crystal etc., optical parametric amplification.
Described main grating stretcher utilizes grating for basis, has the stretcher of large stretching capability.Main grating stretcher can be by optical pulse broadening to nanosecond order.
Described main amplifier, is based on laser medium, as titanium jewel etc., laser amplification technique, can be also based on nonlinear crystal, as the optical parametric amplification of bbo crystal etc.
Described main gratings compressor utilizes grating for basis, has the compressor reducer of large compressed capability.The pulse chirp that main gratings compressor causes in order to compensate main stretcher, can be by the extreme pulse widths of nanosecond order light pulse compression and back femtosecond magnitude.
The present invention has following innovative point:
The present invention eliminates the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of high-order dispersion, innovation ground adopts two cover chirped devices: a set of main chirped device is only for being nanosecond long pulse by femtosecond ultra-short pulse-width expansion, and after pulsed laser energy has amplified, by the compression and back femtosecond ultrashort pulse with high fidelity of nanosecond long pulse, the compensation of material dispersion in the not responsible system of main chirped device; Another set of auxiliary chirped device is mainly used in the compensation of material dispersion in system, in addition, in the situation that needs pulse purifies lifting pulse contrast, also can be used for nonlinear pulse purification techniques.
The present invention has following technique effect:
The innovative characteristics that pulse stretching compression of the present invention and system material dispersion compensation are separated, makes residual high-order dispersion reduce several orders of magnitude, even likely removes completely.The laser pulse phase spectrum of CPA output is smooth, can obtain the pulse duration of nearly transform limit, can support the ultrashort superpower pulse of the following width of 15fs and amplify, and promote the contrast of the front psec of Output of laser main pulse position.Apply the ultrashort ultra-intense laser system of 30fs magnitude output of the present invention, can, on existing fan-out capability basis, obtain the further raising of output peak power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the common structure schematic diagram of superpower ultrashort laser amplification system
Fig. 2 is the impact of fourth-order dispersion on Laser pulse compression
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the present invention eliminates the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of high-order dispersion.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 3, for the present invention eliminates the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of high-order dispersion.As seen from the figure, the chirped pulse chirped amplification system that the present invention eliminates high-order dispersion comprises that femtosecond pulse oscillation source 5, auxiliary stretcher 6, preamplifier 7, auxiliary compressor reducer 8, the first speculum 9, main grating stretcher 10, the second speculum 11, main amplifier 12, main gratings compressor 13 form.
The light pulse that wherein femtosecond pulse oscillation source 5 is exported has the advantages that pulse duration is extremely narrow, spectral width is wider.In the present invention, this femtosecond pulse oscillation source 5 is as seed source, and it can be the Mode-locked laser devices such as titanium jewel femtosecond Mode-locked laser device, dye laser, optical fiber mode locked laser.In the present embodiment, femtosecond pulse oscillation source 5 is selected titanium jewel femtosecond Mode-locked laser device, the centre wavelength 800nm of light pulse, spectral bandwidth 100nm, pulse duration 10fs.
Wherein the feature of auxiliary stretcher 6 is can be by Femtosecond Optical Pulses broadening to psec to hundred picosecond magnitude.In the present invention, can be that grating stretcher, fiber stretcher and prism equity dispersion element form.In the present embodiment, auxiliary stretcher 6 adopts grating stretcher, and grating is 1200 lines/mm, 43 ° of light pulse incidence angles, and in centre wavelength diffraction light direction, the total spacing 80cm of image grating.The radius of concave mirror is 100cm, and the radius of convex mirror is 50cm, the logical 100nm of band.
Wherein the feature of preamplifier 7 is to provide preliminary amplification for pulse.Can be based on laser medium in the present invention, as titanium jewel etc., laser amplification technique, can be also based on nonlinear crystal, as bbo crystal etc., optical parametric amplification.In the present embodiment, preamplifier 7 adopts titanium precious stone laser amplifying technique.
Wherein the feature of auxiliary compressor reducer 8 is to compensate the dispersion that auxiliary stretcher and system all material cause.In the present invention, can be formed by gratings compressor or fiber compressor or prism equity dispersion element.In the present embodiment, auxiliary compressor reducer 8 adopts gratings compressor, and grating is 1200 lines/mm, approximately 45 ° of light pulse incidence angles, and in centre wavelength diffraction light direction, the about 81cm of the total spacing of parallel grating.The logical 100nm of band.
Wherein, the feature of the first speculum 9 and the second speculum 11 is that guiding light beam enters main stretcher.In the present embodiment, the first speculum 9 and the second speculum 11 all adopt silver mirror, can support bandwidth more than 100nm.
Wherein the feature of main grating stretcher 10 is to have large stretching capability, can be by optical pulse broadening to nanosecond order.In the present embodiment, main grating stretcher 10 is adopted as 1400 lines/mm grating, 50 ° of light pulse incidence angles, and in centre wavelength diffraction light direction, the total spacing 160cm of image grating.。The radius of concave mirror is 120cm, and the radius of convex mirror is 60cm, the logical 100nm of band.Can broadening to 2ns
Wherein the feature of main amplifier 12 is to amplify for pulse provides energy.Can be based on laser medium in the present invention, as titanium jewel etc., laser amplification technique, can be also based on nonlinear crystal, as bbo crystal etc., optical parametric amplification.In the present embodiment, energy amplifier 12 adopts titanium precious stone laser amplifying technique.
Wherein the feature of main gratings compressor 13, take grating as basis, has the compressor reducer of large compressed capability, can compensate the pulse chirp that main stretcher causes, by the extreme pulse widths of nanosecond order light pulse compression and back femtosecond magnitude.In the present embodiment, auxiliary compressor reducer 8 adopts gratings compressor, and grating is 1480 lines/mm, 50 ° of light pulse incidence angles, and in centre wavelength diffraction light direction, the total spacing 160cm of parallel grating, the logical 100nm of band.
The course of work of the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) femtosecond pulse oscillation source 5 produces 800nm wave band, and individual pulse width reaches the ultrashort mode locking pulse light beam of 10fs;
(2) this ultrashort pulsed beam enters auxiliary stretcher 6, and broadening is to 20ps, and the short pulse after broadening enters preamplifier 7.Preamplifier 7 turns round, and energy is amplified to after micro-joule of magnitude, and light pulse enters auxiliary compressor reducer 8.
(3) light pulse directly enters main amplifier 12 after auxiliary compressor reducer 8.Do not need running at main amplifier 12() the rear light impulse length of measuring.Take the result of this measurement as foundation, regulate incidence angle and the grating space of auxiliary compressor reducer 8, reach pulse duration the shortest, realize system dispersion compensation.
(4) the first speculum 9 is inserted in main amplifier 12 light path before, guide light beam into main grating stretcher 10.Under the effect of grating stretcher 10, pulse is broadened to 2ns.The Long Pulse LASER of 2ns draws back main amplifier 12 by the second speculum 11.
(5) main amplifier 12 turns round, and the energy of light pulse is amplified to energy more than >1 joule.
(6) pulse after amplification enters main compressor reducer 13.At the rear measurement light impulse length of main compressor reducer 13.Take the result of this measurement as foundation, regulate incidence angle and the grating space of main compressor reducer 13, reach pulse duration the shortest, realize the compensation of main stretcher dispersion.
Such device, through debugging meticulously, can obtain the pulse duration output of nearly transform limit, can produce the superpower ultrashort light pulse below 15fs.
Claims (6)
1. eliminate the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of high-order dispersion for one kind, comprise femtosecond pulse oscillation source, main grating stretcher, main amplifier and main gratings compressor, it is characterized in that this system also comprises auxiliary stretcher, auxiliary compressor reducer, preamplifier, the first speculum and the second speculum, the relative position relation of described components and parts is as follows:
The femtosecond ultrashort pulse that femtosecond pulse oscillation source produces becomes short pulse through described auxiliary grating stretcher broadening, short pulse after preliminary amplification of preamplifier described in this short pulse enters enters described auxiliary compressor reducer and is partially compressed back hundred femtosecond pulses, this hundred femtosecond pulse enters described main grating stretcher broadening to long pulse under the first speculum guiding, under the guiding of the second speculum, enter described main amplifier and realize energy amplification, long pulse after this energy amplifies enters described main gratings compressor, be compacted into the ultrashort pulse of femtosecond magnitude.
2. the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of elimination high-order dispersion according to claim 1, is characterized in that described femtosecond pulse oscillation source is titanium jewel femtosecond Mode-locked laser device, dye laser or optical fiber mode locked laser etc.
3. the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of elimination high-order dispersion according to claim 1, is characterized in that described auxiliary stretcher and main grating stretcher are that grating stretcher, fiber stretcher and prism form dispersion element.
4. the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of elimination high-order dispersion according to claim 1, is characterized in that described auxiliary compressor reducer is made up of gratings compressor or fiber compressor or prism equity dispersion element.
5. the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of elimination high-order dispersion according to claim 1, is characterized in that described preamplifier and main amplifier are the laser amplifiers based on laser medium, or the photoparametric amplifier based on nonlinear crystal.
6. the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of elimination high-order dispersion according to claim 1, is characterized in that described main gratings compressor utilizes grating for basis, has the compressor reducer of large compressed capability.
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| CN104868346A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-26 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Imaging device and ultra-short pulse sequence generation method |
| US9647407B1 (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-09 | Shanghai Jiao Tong University | Quasi-parametric chirped-pulse amplifier |
| CN106972341A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-07-21 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | The grating stretching compressibility of stretcher built-in optical flat board |
| CN110431719A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-11-08 | 塔莱斯公司 | Multi output chirp amplifier chain |
| CN111509549A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | High-peak power femtosecond laser negative/positive chirp pulse cascade amplification system |
| CN111555101A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-18 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device for generating laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp |
| CN111934176A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-13 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Few-cycle-magnitude high-energy femtosecond pulse generation device and application |
| CN112484848A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-12 | 北京大学 | Ultrashort pulse relative peak power detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN114389133A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-04-22 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Chirp pulse amplification method, laser processing apparatus, and storage medium |
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| CN104868346A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-26 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Imaging device and ultra-short pulse sequence generation method |
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| US20170133812A1 (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-11 | Shanghai Jiao Tong University | Quasi-parametric chirped-pulse amplifier |
| CN110431719B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2021-09-24 | 塔莱斯公司 | Multi-output chirped amplification chain |
| CN110431719A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-11-08 | 塔莱斯公司 | Multi output chirp amplifier chain |
| CN106972341A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-07-21 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | The grating stretching compressibility of stretcher built-in optical flat board |
| CN106972341B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2019-02-26 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | The grating stretching compressibility of stretcher built-in optical plate |
| CN111509549A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | High-peak power femtosecond laser negative/positive chirp pulse cascade amplification system |
| CN111509549B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | High-peak power femtosecond laser negative/positive chirp pulse cascade amplification system |
| CN111555101A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-18 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device for generating laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp |
| CN111934176A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-13 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Few-cycle-magnitude high-energy femtosecond pulse generation device and application |
| CN112484848A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-12 | 北京大学 | Ultrashort pulse relative peak power detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN112484848B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2024-06-21 | 北京大学 | Ultrashort pulse relative peak power detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN114389133A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-04-22 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Chirp pulse amplification method, laser processing apparatus, and storage medium |
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