CN103811727A - Security lithium ion battery positive plate as well as preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Security lithium ion battery positive plate as well as preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103811727A CN103811727A CN201310700921.4A CN201310700921A CN103811727A CN 103811727 A CN103811727 A CN 103811727A CN 201310700921 A CN201310700921 A CN 201310700921A CN 103811727 A CN103811727 A CN 103811727A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H01M4/0419—Methods of deposition of the material involving spraying
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a security lithium ion battery positive plate as well as a preparation method thereof. The positive plate is of a multi-layer structure, and comprises the following active substances: lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4, nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li(NixCOyMnz)O2 (0x being more than 0 and smaller than or equal to 0.8, y being more than 0 and smaller than or equal to 0.4, and Z being more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.4, and x+y+z being equal to 1), as well as a high-temperature-resistant nano material, namely A12O3 or SiO2; the mass percentage of the active substances is that the high-temperature resistant A12O3 or SiO2 ceramic material:LiMnPO4:Li(NixCOyMnz)O2 is equal to (1%-5%):(1%-98%): (1%-98%). The preparation method of the positive plate can be in a sandwiched structure, and also the surface of aluminum foil can be coated with lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4 and the Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese ternary material Li(NixCOyMnz)O2 by adopting a mechanical mixing mode, and the surface of aluminum foil can be coated with a layer of high-temperature-resistant nano material; the lithium ion battery prepared by the plate with the structure has favorable safety performance; the long cycle performance and the safety performance of the lithium ion battery can be improved obviously by utilizing the opposite crystal cell volume variation characteristics of different active substances in the charge and discharge processes as well as the excellent liquid retention capability to electrolyte by A12O3 or SiO2.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, particularly positive plate of a kind of safe lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is the advanced battery growing up phase early 1990s, compare as Ni-MH battery, ickel-cadmium cell, lead-acid battery with traditional secondary cell, there is high-energy-density, high voltage, long-life, high temperature performance is outstanding, self-discharge rate is low and the series of advantages such as memory-less effect.Since it comes out, the market share of lithium ion battery constantly increases, and occupied more than 80% share in civil small-scale secondary cell market, and in new-energy automobile field, lithium ion battery also becomes the first-selection of electrokinetic cell because of above many outstanding advantages.
In new-energy automobile field, flying power, useful life and security performance are the competitiveness places of electric automobile maximum, also be the problem that consumer is the most generally concerned about, in order to realize the lightweight of electric automobile and to extend course continuation mileage, car load factory has proposed more and more higher requirement for the energy density of lithium-ion-power cell.In existing domestic new-energy automobile power battery supply system, LiFePO4 system electrokinetic cell is due to its excellent security performance and ripe manufacturing technology, almost in occupation of whole market; But the actual specific capacity of LiFePO 4 material is 130mAh/g left and right only, nominal voltage is 3.2V only, after using in groups automobile, energy density is difficult to higher than 100Wh/kg, causes the course continuation mileage of electric automobile very limited, is greatly restricting technological progress and the market expansion of electric automobile.Ministry of Industry and Information is in " the energy-conservation and new-energy automobile industrial development planning (2012-2020) " formulated on July 9th, 2012, emphatically point out " it is to be greater than 150Wh/kg that the energy density of battery module requires ", this means that the energy density of single power battery must be higher than 170 Wh/kg.And existing LiFePO4/graphite system battery specific energy is lower than 120wh/kg, obviously cannot meet the demands, therefore exploitation has the alternative LiFePO4 of positive electrode system of high-energy-density and develops corresponding battery technology, becomes the inexorable trend of following Vehicular dynamic battery.
In the positive electrode that can be applicable to lithium ion battery, nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
0.5cO
0.2mn
0.3) O
2li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2x+y+z=1 gram volume can reach 160mAh/g, more than nominal voltage 3.6V, can prepare the lithium-ion-power cell of energy density higher than 180 wh/kg, but the thermal stability of this material under Charging state is undesirable, such as the test of thermogravimetric-gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer shows, charge to the Li (Ni of 4.2V
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, x+y+z=1 tertiary cathode sheet, starts weightlessly at 200 ℃, and the oxygen content that 250 ℃ of temperature up produce obviously increases, and this illustrates that ternary material is unstable, easily decomposes precipitated oxygen under higher temperature; DSC tests demonstration, charges to the Li (Ni of 4.2V
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, x+y+z=1 tertiary cathode sheet can discharge amount of heat between 200 ℃~250 ℃, product XRD test shows the existence of NiO crystal, this illustrates that the ternary material of Charging state has very high oxidation activity under higher temperature, at high temperature very dangerous.
Adopt traditional design and processes method, by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, x+y+z=1 and conductive agent and bonding agent PVDF(Kynoar), decentralized medium NMP is mixed into uniform slurry, then be coated in aluminum foil current collector, through baking, roll-in and film cut into positive plate, then the power lithium-ion battery being prepared into such positive plate, meet with heat abuse, electricity abuse (as overcharges, short circuit) or mechanical abuse (as acupuncture, extruding) time, if internal temperature of battery rises to more than 200 ℃, positive pole is analysed oxygen and further heat release, just very easily cause the moment catching fire and blast of battery, thereby cause serious security incident, Here it is at present the power lithium-ion battery of China Business still occupy the reason of mainstream market with the LiFePO4 system of low energy densities.
Ceramic material is as SiO
2, Al
2o
3deng the characteristic with high heat-resisting, electric insulation, chemically-resistant and electrochemical corrosion, its powder granule can be prepared into Nano grade, can be coated with into the thin layer of 1um ~ 10um thickness, is also easy to be coated on the granular materials of micron level.The existing way of this ceramic material being coated to polyolefin micropore barrier diaphragm surface in industry, to improve barrier film antioxygenic property and heat resistance.
Change of distance when positive electrode active materials lithium manganese phosphate discharges and recharges between P-O and Mn-O atom is little, in charge and discharge process, the change in volume of this material is less, be about 6%, variation just offsets with the change in volume that carbon negative pole occurs at charge and discharge process, therefore has extremely strong structural stability and fatigue durability.
Single by ceramic material Al
2o
3, SiO
2or positive electrode active materials lithium manganese phosphate and nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, x+y+z=1 is used in conjunction with, and can not effectively solve the security performance of high-energy-density type power lithium-ion battery, is especially applied to the high-capacity dynamical lithium-ion battery in pure electric automobile EV.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of current technology, solve the not good difficult problem of high-energy-density type power lithium-ion battery security performance, a kind of preparation method of the based lithium-ion battery positive plate of taking into account high-energy-density and high security is provided, thereby effectively improve the long cycle performance of battery, played the effect of the course continuation mileage that improves electric automobile.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of positive plate of safe lithium ion battery, this positive plate is sandwich construction, and it comprises following active material: lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, wherein, 0<x≤0.8,0<y≤0.4,0≤z≤0.4, and x+y+z=1, and, resistant to elevated temperatures nano material Al
2o
3or SiO
2; The mass percent of described active material is: resistant to elevated temperatures Al
2o
3or SiO
2ceramic material: LiMnPO
4: Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2=1%-5%:1%-98%:1%-98%.
The positive plate of above-mentioned safe lithium ion battery, wherein, the mass percent of described active material is: resistant to elevated temperatures Al
2o
3or SiO
2ceramic material: LiMnPO
4: Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2=3%-5%:10%-47%:50%-87%.
Three class materials in anodal diaphragm of the present invention, resistant to elevated temperatures nano material, as Al
2o
3or SiO
2the D50 particle diameter of ceramic material is below 100nm, and the positive active material lithium manganese phosphate D50 particle diameter of security performance excellence is 5um-15um, the positive active material nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni that security performance is poor
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, the average grain diameter of x+y+z=1 is 10um ~ 20um.
The positive plate of above-mentioned safe lithium ion battery, wherein, this positive plate is by lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, 0<x≤0.8,0<y≤0.4,0≤z≤0.4, and x+y+z=1, and, resistant to elevated temperatures nano material Al
2o
3or SiO
2the sandwich construction of the sandwich style forming.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of positive plate of above-mentioned safe lithium ion battery, and the method comprises:
Step 1, on positive plate collector aluminium foil, coating is by the lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO of security performance excellence
4the slurry of preparation is as the first coating;
Step 2, the slurry that coating is prepared by the poor nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material of security performance in above-mentioned the first coating is as the second coating;
Step 3 applies slurry prepared by resistant to elevated temperatures nano material as the 3rd coating in the second coating, forms the sandwich construction of sandwich style; Described resistant to elevated temperatures nano material is selected Al
2o
3or SiO
2ceramic material.
Above-mentioned preparation method, wherein, the slurry of described the first coating uses binding agent carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) take water as decentralized medium, the slurry of described the second coating uses the binding agent Kynoar (PVDF) take organic solvent 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE (NMP) as decentralized medium, and the slurry of described the 3rd coating uses the binding agent polyimides PI take organic solvent 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as decentralized medium.
Above-mentioned preparation method, wherein, the preparation method of described the first coating refers to: by lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, binding agent carboxymethyl cellulose and butadiene-styrene rubber, conductive agent (adopting conventional conductive agent) mix with the ratio of 92%~94%:2%~4%:2%~4%, take deionized water as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on and on plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil, form the first coating.
Above-mentioned preparation method, wherein, the preparation method of described the second coating refers to: by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, binding agent Kynoar, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%~94%:2%~4%:2%~4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on the first coating, form the second coating.
Above-mentioned preparation method, wherein, the preparation method of described the 3rd coating refers to: by ceramic material Al
2o
3or SiO
2, binding agent polyimides mixes with the ratio of 90%~95%:5%~10%, take organic solvent 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, is coated on the second coating, forms the 3rd coating.Then drying, roll-in, cut and stamping-out, form final positive plate.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of positive plate of above-mentioned safe lithium ion battery, and the method comprises: by lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4with nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2adopt the form of mechanical mixture to be prepared into slurry, be then coated in aluminium foil surface, then in the resistant to elevated temperatures nano material of its surface-coated one deck, thereby safe sandwich construction formed.Particularly, the method is by modified model nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 73.6%~84.6%:11.4%~18.4%:2%~4%:2%~4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil and form the first coating, then by ceramic material Al
2o
3or SiO
2, binding agent PI mixes with the ratio of 90%~95%:5%~10%, take organic solvent NMP as decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, is coated on the first coating, forms the second coating.Then, drying, roll-in, cut and stamping-out, form final positive plate.
In positive plate of the present invention, comprise the positive active material lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO that security performance is good
4, the positive active material nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni that security performance is poor
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, x+y+z=1 and resistant to elevated temperatures nano material, as Al
2o
3or SiO
2ceramic material.Positive active material nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, x+y+z=1 provides high-energy-density demand for power lithium-ion battery, and LiFePO4 and ceramic material are for electrokinetic cell provides safety Design demand.
Positive plate of the present invention is sandwich construction (being preferably sandwich style sandwich construction), is positioned at outermost ceramic layer, due to Al
2o
3or SiO
2particle is nanoscale size, can on nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary coating, form very thin very fine and close cover layer of while, in the time that battery is overheated, cause positive/negative plate contact, but the ceramic layer on positive plate surface has high-fire resistance, Al even if barrier film shrinks
2o
3or SiO
2fusing point more than 2000 ℃, the fusing point of binding agent polyimides PI is more than 500 ℃, at high temperature can keep the integrality of coating structure, can stop the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary of high oxidation activity and the negative pole of high reducing activity directly to contact and form large area internal short-circuit, thereby avoid battery that further thermal runaway occurs.And positive active material lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4on plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil, form the first coating, aluminium foil and nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary coating are kept apart, in the time that battery is overheated, can stop the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary of high oxidation activity and the comparatively active metallic aluminium release amount of heat that reacts, can reduce equally the security risk of battery.
Three layers of coating of positive plate of the present invention, are respectively the design of water-based/oiliness/oiliness coating, the cementitiousness can effectively improve coating time between two bed boundarys, thus guarantee the pole piece adhesion of overbrushing layer pole piece.
Ceramic material Al in positive plate of the present invention
2o
3or SiO
2have electrochemistry inertia, shared mass percent is 3%~5%, and little on the energy density impact of electrokinetic cell, this material has stronger polarity simultaneously, and electrolyte is had to good absorption and hold facility, is conducive to improve the long circulation life of electrokinetic cell.Active material nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, x+y+z=1 and lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4in charge and discharge process contrary unit cell volume variation characteristic be conducive to eliminate pole piece repeatedly expand the cohesive force that causes decline bad, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO simultaneously
4granule can form certain mechanical support effect to nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary bulky grain, thereby effectively improves the long cycle performance of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
1/3cO
1/3mn
1/3) O
2, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4with ceramic material Al
2o
3or SiO
2mass ratio be 82%:15%:3%.
First by lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, binding agent SBR+CMC, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take deionized water as decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on the thick plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil of 18um and form the first coating.Then by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
1/3cO
1/3mn
1/3) O
2, binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, are prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, are coated on the first coating, form the second coating.Finally by ceramic material Al
2o
3, SiO
2, binding agent PI mixes with the ratio of 45%:45%:10%, take organic solvent NMP as decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, is coated on the second coating, then drying, roll-in, cuts and stamping-out, forms positive plate.
Positive plate, barrier film, negative plate stacked successively and adopt laminated structure to make battery core, welding respectively after positive and negative electrode lug, then through entering shell, laser welding, fluid injection, change into partial volume operation after, be made into lithium ion battery with aluminum shell.Negative plate active material used is graphite, and barrier film is that PP/PE/PP polyolefin three-layer is composite microporous, and electrolyte is with LiPF
6for lithium salts, EMC(carbonic acid Methylethyl ester), EC(ethylene carbonate) and DEC(diethyl carbonate) be the organic solution of solvent.
Embodiment 2
Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
0.4cO
0.2mn
0.4) O
2, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4with ceramic material Al
2o
3+ SiO
2mass ratio be 82%:15%:3%.
First lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4, binding agent SBR+CMC, conductive agent are mixed with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take deionized water as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on the thick plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil of 18um and form the first coating.Then by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
0.4cO
0.2mn
0.4) O
2, binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, are prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, are coated on the first coating, form the second coating.Finally by ceramic material Al
2o
3, SiO2, binding agent PI mix with the ratio of 45%:45%:10%, take NMP as decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, is coated on the second coating, then drying, roll-in, cuts and stamping-out, forms positive plate.
Battery assembling mode is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
0.5cO
0.2mn
0.3) O
2, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4with ceramic material Al
2o
3+ SiO
2mass ratio be 75%:20%:5%.
First by lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, binding agent SBR+CMC, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take deionized water as decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on the thick plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil of 18um and form the first coating.Then by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
0.5cO
0.2mn
0.3) O
2, binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, are prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, are coated on the first coating, form the second coating.Finally by ceramic material Al
2o
3, SiO
2, binding agent PI mixes with the ratio of 45%:45%:10%, take organic solvent NMP as decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, is coated on the second coating, then drying, roll-in, cuts and stamping-out, forms positive plate.
Battery assembling mode is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
First by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
1/3cO
1/3mn
1/3) O
2, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 78.2%:13.8%:4%:4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil, form the first coating, then by ceramic material Al
2o
3, mix with the mass ratio with 97%:3% with binding agent PI, take NMP as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated in the first coating, form the second coating, then drying, roll-in, cut and stamping-out, form positive plate.
Battery assembling mode is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
First by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
0.4cO
0.2mn
0.4) O
2, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 78.2%:13.8%:4%:4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil, form the first coating, then by ceramic material Al
2o
3, SiO
2and PI mixes with the mass ratio of 47%:50%:3%, take NMP as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated in the first coating, form the second coating, then drying, roll-in, cut and stamping-out, form positive plate.
Battery assembling mode is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6:
First by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
0.5cO
0.2mn
0.3) O2, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4, binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 78.2%:13.8%:4%:4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil, form the first coating, then by ceramic material Al
2o
3and PI mixes with the mass ratio of 95%:5%, take NMP as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated in the first coating, form the second coating, then drying, roll-in, cut and stamping-out, form positive plate.
Battery assembling mode is with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
1/3cO
1/3mn
1/3) O
2, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4mass ratio be 85%:15%.
First by lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, binding agent SBR+CMC, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take deionized water as decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on the thick plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil of 18um and form the first coating.Then by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
1/3cO
1/3mn
1/3) O
2, binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on the first coating, then drying, roll-in, cut and stamping-out, form positive plate.
Battery assembling mode is with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
1/3cO
1/3mn
1/3) O
2, ceramic material Al
2o
3+ SiO
2mass ratio be 97%:3%.
First by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
1/3cO
1/3mn
1/3) O
2binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, are prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on the thick plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil of 18um and form the first coating, then by ceramic material Al
2o
3, SiO
2, binding agent PI mixes with the ratio of 45%:45%:10%, organic solvent NMP is decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, is coated on the first coating, then drying, roll-in, cuts and stamping-out, forms positive plate.
Battery assembling mode is with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
By nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
1/3cO
1/3mn
1/3) O
2binding agent PVDF, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%:4%:4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE NMP as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on the thick plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil of 18um, then drying, roll-in, cut and stamping-out, form positive plate.
Battery assembling mode is with embodiment 1.
By all test loop performance and security performances by the following method of the power lithium-ion battery of embodiment 1~6 and comparative example 1~3.
Cycle performance: 25 ℃ of room temperatures, by battery 1C constant current charge to 4.2V, then constant voltage charge, cut-off current is 0.05C; Subsequently by battery 1C multiplying power constant-current discharge to 2.75V, obtain the initial discharge capacity C of battery
0, then according to the above-mentioned system that discharges and recharges, battery is carried out to charge and discharge cycles, the capacitance that obtains battery is C
d, according to L=C
d/ C
0the discharge capacitance of battery after × 100% method computation cycles.
Over-charge safety performance: battery is full of to electricity to 4.2V in the mode of CC-CV, stops to 8.4V with the electric current constant current charge of 1C multiplying power.
Safety of acupuncture energy: battery is full of to electricity to 4.2V in the mode of CC-CV, with the high temperature resistant draw point of Φ 3mm ~ Φ 8mm, with the speed of 10mm/s ~ 40 mm/s, runs through from the direction perpendicular to accumulator plate, draw point rests on 1h in battery.
Short circuit safety energy: battery is full of to electricity to 4.2V in the mode of CC-CV, adopts the outside line short circuit 10min of internal resistance <5m Ω.
The result of definition security performance test, " the not blast not on fire of not smoldering " is " outstanding ", and " smolder, have Mars, not blast " is " generally ", and " blast on fire " is " disappointing "
The power lithium-ion battery test result of embodiment 1~6 and comparative example 1~3 is as shown in table 1:
Table 1: the power lithium-ion battery test result of embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1-3
From table 1 comparative example 3, with nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, the power lithium-ion battery that x+y+z=1 is prepared, overcharges with acupuncture and all reacts fierce, the phenomenon of blast on fire occurs, the very poor strength of security performance.And from comparative example 1 and 2, single by ceramic material Al
2o
3, SiO
2or positive electrode active materials lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4with nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, x+y+z=1 is used in conjunction with, and also can there is imperfect combustion in battery, occur smoldering and pyrophoric behavio(u)r in the time overcharging with acupuncture, can not effectively solve the safety problem of power lithium-ion battery.The embodiment of the present invention 1~6 is passed through at positive electrode active materials nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, in x+y+z=1, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO in a particular manner in right amount arranges in pairs or groups
4with ceramic material Al
2o
3, SiO
2after, battery through overcharge with acupuncture after do not smolder and not on firely do not explode, reaction temperature and, security performance be improved significantly, exhibits excellent.
From table 1,500 weeks rear capability retentions of comparative example 3 circulating battery are 92.3%, 500 weeks rear capability retentions of comparative example 1~2 circulating battery are 93%~94%, 500 weeks rear capability retentions of embodiment 1~6 circulating battery are 94%~96%, this explanation adopts after Technological improvement plan of the present invention, and the cycle performance of power lithium-ion battery has also obtained to a certain degree improving.
Although content of the present invention has been done detailed introduction by above preferred embodiment, will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention.Read after foregoing those skilled in the art, for multiple modification of the present invention and substitute will be all apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a positive plate for safe lithium ion battery, is characterized in that, this positive plate is sandwich construction, and it comprises following active material: lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, wherein, 0<x≤0.8,0<y≤0.4,0≤z≤0.4, and x+y+z=1, and, resistant to elevated temperatures nano material Al
2o
3or SiO
2; The mass percent of described active material is: resistant to elevated temperatures Al
2o
3or SiO
2ceramic material: LiMnPO
4: Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2=1%-5%:1%-98%:1%-98%.
2. the positive plate of safe lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass percent of described active material is: resistant to elevated temperatures Al
2o
3or SiO
2ceramic material: LiMnPO
4: Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2=3%-5%:10%-47%:50%-87%.
3. the positive plate of safe lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4d50 particle diameter be 5um-15um; Described nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2d50 particle diameter be 10um ~ 20um; Described Al
2o
3or SiO
2the D50 particle diameter of ceramic material is below 100nm.
4. the positive plate of the safe lithium ion battery as described in any one in claim 1-3, is characterized in that, this positive plate is by lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, and, resistant to elevated temperatures nano material Al
2o
3or SiO
2the sandwich construction of the sandwich style forming.
5. a preparation method for the positive plate of safe lithium ion battery according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Step 1, on positive plate collector aluminium foil, coating is by the lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO of security performance excellence
4the slurry of preparation is as the first coating;
Step 2, the slurry that coating is prepared by the poor nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material of security performance in above-mentioned the first coating is as the second coating;
Step 3 applies slurry prepared by resistant to elevated temperatures nano material as the 3rd coating in the second coating, forms the sandwich construction of sandwich style; Described resistant to elevated temperatures nano material is selected Al
2o
3or SiO
2ceramic material.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the slurry of described the first coating uses binding agent carboxymethyl cellulose and the butadiene-styrene rubber take water as decentralized medium, the slurry of described the second coating uses the binding agent Kynoar take organic solvent 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as decentralized medium, and the slurry of described the 3rd coating uses the binding agent polyimides take organic solvent 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as decentralized medium.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described the first coating refers to: by lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, binding agent carboxymethyl cellulose and butadiene-styrene rubber, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%~94%:2%~4%:2%~4%, take deionized water as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on and on plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil, form the first coating.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described the second coating refers to: by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material Li (Ni
xcO
ymn
z) O
2, binding agent Kynoar, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 92%~94%:2%~4%:2%~4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as decentralized medium, be prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, be coated on the first coating, form the second coating.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described the 3rd coating refers to: by ceramic material Al
2o
3or SiO
2, binding agent polyimides mixes with the ratio of 90%~95%:5%~10%, take organic solvent 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as decentralized medium, is prepared into the slurry of certain viscosity through high-speed stirred, is coated on the second coating, forms the 3rd coating.
10. according to a preparation method for the positive plate of the safe lithium ion battery described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, the method is: by nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO
4, binding agent Kynoar, conductive agent mix with the ratio of 73.6%~84.6%:11.4%~18.4%:2%~4%:2%~4%, take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as decentralized medium, be prepared into slurry through high-speed stirred, be coated on and on plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil, form the first coating; Then by ceramic material Al
2o
3or SiO
2, binding agent polyimides mixes with the ratio of 90%~95%:5%~10%, take organic solvent 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as decentralized medium, is prepared into slurry through high-speed stirred, is coated on the first coating, forms the second coating; Drying, roll-in again, cut and stamping-out, form final positive plate.
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