Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of red C.-glauca seed storage and seedling-cultivating method, under being intended to solve traditional red C.-glauca seed storage mode, easily there is insect pest, plague of rats phenomenon in red C.-glauca seed, the problem that the red C.-glauca seed germination time is long under field conditions (factors), germination rate is low, transplanting survival rate is low.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of seedling-cultivating method of red C.-glauca seed, and the seedling-cultivating method of this red C.-glauca seed comprises: live one year seedling seedling-cultivating method, bud transplantation of seedlings one year seedling seedling-cultivating method, the annual container seedling seedling-cultivating method of bud transplantation of seedlings;
Live one year seedling seedling-cultivating method is that wide drilling, after planting blinding 3cm, mulching straw, nursery stock put up cool canopy when being just unearthed, September ~ October cuts sth. askew and be completely cured;
Bud transplantation of seedlings one year seedling seedling-cultivating method is intensive sowing, after planting blinding 3cm, arch shed type mulch film moisture-keeping heats, cut root 1/3, Transplanting Density 10cm × 10cm, put up cool canopy in time;
Bud transplantation of seedlings annual container seedling seedling-cultivating method is intensive sowing, after planting blinding 3cm, arch shed type mulch film moisture-keeping heats, cut root 1/3, matrix, 16cm × 14cm nutritious bag, put up cool canopy in time, and matrix comprises 50% yellow soil, 40% peat soil, 10% fused calcium magnesium phosphate.
Further, the concrete steps of live one year seedling seedling-cultivating method are:
The first step, wholely with make bed: deep plough carefully whole, remove grass roots, stone, native broken Horizon, ploughing depth 20cm ~ 25cm, turns over first every mu and executes fused calcium magnesium phosphate 200kg;
Divide seedbed and pavement on the ground in smooth garden, the wide 100cm ~ 120cm in seedbed, high 20cm, bed is long to be determined according to landform, the wide 30cm ~ 40cm of pavement;
Second step, sowing: seeding quantity every mu 50kg ~ 60kg; Seedtime in December to late Febuary; Wide drilling: sowing furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 8cm ~ 10cm, ditch is apart from 10cm; Seed is broadcasted sowing equably in the seed furrow in ready seedbed, blinding thickness 3cm; With the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.5% or the thiophanate methyl of 70%, once sterilizing sterilization is carried out to seedbed; Then timely mulching straw, thickness is 1cm ~ 2cm, be unearthed when nursery stock 60% time, take straw off gradually, several times at cloudy day or dusk;
3rd step, manages and protects: put up cool canopy in time when nursery stock is just unearthed, and when one year seedling grows to September ~ October, overcast and rainy, obliquely amputates main root with sharp steel shovel overhead deeply reaching 15cm place.
Further, bud transplantation of seedlings one year seedling seedling-cultivating method is:
The first step, wholely with make bed: accomplish deep ploughing carefully whole, remove grass roots, stone, native broken Horizon, ploughing depth 20cm ~ 25cm, turns over first every mu and executes fused calcium magnesium phosphate 200kg;
Seedbed and pavement is divided on the ground, the wide 100cm ~ 120cm in seedbed, high 20cm, the wide 30cm ~ 40cm of pavement in smooth garden;
Second step, sowing: seedtime is in January ~ sowing in February; Seeding quantity: 2kg/ ㎡; Type of seeding and management: 1. intensively to broadcast sowing: the seed through sterilization is sprinkling upon evenly, thick and fast and is ready to, has disappeared on malicious seedbed; 2. earthing, watering, sterilization: cover the thick yellow soil of 3cm on the intensive seed broadcasted sowing, then spreading permeable with spreading kettle by the soil of covering and seed, once evenly sterilizing after 2h with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.5%; 3. arch, lid mulch film is inserted: make semicircular arch across seedbed, sagitta 50cm ~ 60cm with bamboo cane or similar article such as crude iron silk, arch and the 100cm ~ 120cm that spaces encircleed; After arch is plugged, evenly cover on arch with the mulch film that 200cm is wide, real by soil pressure with the mulch film by both sides, seedbed and two ground connection; 4. seedbed management: often observe seed sprouting situation in seedbed, as seedbed overdrying, will open mulch film in time and carry out moisturizing, if ground temperature in the shed is more than 40 DEG C, will opens the ventilation of film two in time or suitably shade;
3rd step, bud transplantation of seedlings: 1. bud transplantation of seedlings time: seed sprouting is unearthed, grow 2 ~ 4 nascent transplants when growing leaf; 2. bud method for transplanting: the seedbed of cultivating bud seedling is watered permeable, extract bud seedling gently or with Diao Zi, bud seedling extracted, putting into the container containing bud seedling, before cultivation, cut off the main root of 1/3, plant with the instrument of sharp cone distal on off-the-shelf seedbed by bud seedling, seeding row spacing is 10cm × 10cm; Be implanted in the morning of fine day, evening or overcast and rainyly carry out, watering permeable after transplanting immediately;
4th step, manages and protects: put up cool canopy in time.
Further, the annual container seedling seedling-cultivating method of bud transplantation of seedlings is:
The first step, container for plant growth adopts Rotary-table nutritive cube, represents its size by back cut diameter and high three numerals, and annual red C.-glauca nursery stock container for plant growth adopts 16 × 14cm;
Second step, red C.-glauca Medium of Container Seedling proportioning is: 50% yellow soil, the peat soil of 40%, the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of 10%, use ferrous sulfate 25kg for every cubic metre, turn evenly, more than 24h is covered with air-locked material, or turn evenly and load container, on ground, garden, plastic film covering 7d ~ 10d can sow;
3rd step, bud seedling is planted, when planting, be first filled to half or 2/3 place of container bag height by the matrix prepared, ready bud seedling instrument planted in container central authorities, transplant the degree of depth and rest in the above 0.5cm ~ 1cm of collar, gently carry seedling with have gentle hands during transplanting, root system is unfolded, then fills up soil, and fully compacting, make root soil contiguity.Prevent from planting dark, nest root or crab rooting, and each container moves bud seedling 1 strain.
Another object of the invention process is to provide a kind of red C.-glauca seed storage method, and this red C.-glauca seed storage method comprises: loaded in container by the red C.-glauca seed of wet concentration, be then placed in flowing water for a long time and preserve; If not the place being placed in flowing water, need to change a water every 3 days ~ 5 days.
Red C.-glauca seed storage provided by the invention and seedling-cultivating method, red C.-glauca seed storage can suffocate because of anoxic in flowing water fruit in insect, the germination rate of seed can reach 98%, red C.-glauca seedling-cultivating method can solve red C.-glauca due to its system of taproot flourishing, lateral root development is more weak and problem that the transplanting survival rate that causes is lower.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present invention is further described.
The red C.-glauca seed storage method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises: loaded in container by the red C.-glauca seed of wet concentration, be then placed in flowing water for a long time and preserve;
If not the place being placed in flowing water, need to change a water every 3 days ~ 5 days.
The seedling-cultivating method of the red C.-glauca seed of the embodiment of the present invention comprises: live one year seedling seedling-cultivating method, bud transplantation of seedlings one year seedling seedling-cultivating method, the annual container seedling seedling-cultivating method of bud transplantation of seedlings;
Live one year seedling seedling-cultivating method is " put up to cut sth. askew cool canopy+September ~ October when wide drilling+after planting blinding 3cm+ mulching straw+nursery stock is just unearthed and be completely cured "; Method is as shown in Figure 1:
S101: accomplish that deep ploughing is carefully whole, remove grass roots, stone, native broken Horizon; Seedbed and pavement is divided on the ground in smooth garden;
S102: according to seeding quantity every mu 50kg ~ 60kg; Sow to late Febuary in December;
S103: put up cool canopy in time, other same broad-leaved trees when nursery stock is just unearthed; Cut sth. askew and be completely cured.
Concrete grammar is:
(1) wholely with make bed
Accomplish that deep ploughing is carefully whole, remove grass roots, stone, native broken Horizon.Ploughing depth 20cm ~ 25cm.Turn over first every mu and execute fused calcium magnesium phosphate 200kg.
Divide seedbed and pavement on the ground in smooth garden, the general wide 100cm ~ 120cm in seedbed, high 20cm, bed is long to be determined according to landform, but no more than 20m, the wide 30cm ~ 40cm of pavement.
(2) sow
Seeding quantity every mu 50kg ~ 60kg; Seedtime in December to late Febuary; Wide drilling: sowing furrow width is about 20cm, ditch depth 8cm ~ 10cm, and ditch is apart from about 10cm.Broadcasted sowing equably by seed in the seed furrow in ready seedbed, blinding thickness is about 3cm.With the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.5% or the thiophanate methyl of 70%, once sterilizing sterilization is carried out to seedbed.Then timely mulching straw, thickness is advisable to lose soil, is generally 1cm ~ 2cm, to guarantee ground moistening and to prevent rainfall raindrop impact from causing soil compaction.When nursery stock be unearthed about 60% time, at the cloudy day or at dusk take straw off gradually, several times.
(3) manage and protect
Put up cool canopy in time when nursery stock is just unearthed, other are with general broad-leaved tree.
(4) cut sth. askew and be completely cured
When one year seedling grows to September ~ October, overcast and rainy, obliquely amputate main root with sharp steel shovel overhead deeply reaching 15cm place, promote the growth of side root and fibrous root, raising survival rate.
Bud transplantation of seedlings one year seedling seedling-cultivating method is " the blinding 3cm+ arch shed type mulch film moisture-keeping of intensive sowing+after planting heats+cuts root 1/3+ Transplanting Density 10cm × 10cm+ and puts up cool canopy in time "; Method is as shown in Figure 2:
S201: accomplish that deep ploughing is carefully whole, remove grass roots, stone, native broken Horizon; Seedbed and pavement is divided on the ground in smooth garden;
S202: select in January ~ sowing in February; Be about 2kg/ ㎡ according to seeding quantity to sow;
S203: be unearthed seed sprouting, grow 2 ~ 4 and nascent to transplant when growing leaf; The seedbed of cultivating bud seedling is watered permeable, extracts bud seedling gently or with Diao Zi, bud seedling extracted, put into the container containing bud seedling, cut off the main root of 1/3 before cultivation, with the instrument of sharp cone distal, bud seedling is planted on off-the-shelf seedbed;
S204: manage and protect and put up cool canopy in time.
Concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) wholely with make bed
Accomplish that deep ploughing is carefully whole, remove grass roots, stone, native broken Horizon.Ploughing depth 20cm ~ 25cm.Turn over first every mu and execute fused calcium magnesium phosphate 200kg.
Divide seedbed and pavement on the ground in smooth garden, the general wide 100cm ~ 120cm in seedbed, high 20cm, bed is long to be determined according to landform, but no more than 20m, the wide 30cm ~ 40cm of pavement.
(2) sow
Seedtime: should in January ~ sowing in February; Seeding quantity: about 2kg/m
2; Type of seeding and management: 1. intensively to broadcast sowing: the seed through sterilization is sprinkling upon evenly, thick and fast and is ready to, has disappeared on malicious seedbed.2. earthing, watering, sterilization: cover the thick yellow soil of about 3cm on the intensive seed broadcasted sowing, then spreading permeable with spreading kettle by the soil of covering and seed, once evenly sterilizing after 2h with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.5%.3. arch, lid mulch film is inserted: make semicircular arch across seedbed, sagitta 50cm ~ 60cm by bamboo cane (or similar article are as crude iron silk), arch and the 100cm ~ 120cm that spaces encircleed.After arch is plugged, evenly cover on arch with the mulch film that about 200cm is wide, length is determined according to the length in seedbed, real by soil pressure with the mulch film by both sides, seedbed and two ground connection.4. seedbed management: often observe seed sprouting situation in seedbed, as seedbed overdrying, will open mulch film in time and carry out moisturizing, if ground temperature in the shed is more than 40 DEG C, will opens the ventilation of film two in time or suitably shade.
(3) bud transplantation of seedlings
1. the bud transplantation of seedlings time: seed sprouting is unearthed, grow 2 ~ 4 nascent transplants when growing leaf.2. bud method for transplanting: the seedbed of cultivating bud seedling is watered permeable, extract bud seedling gently or with Diao Zi, bud seedling extracted, putting into the container containing bud seedling, before cultivation, cut off the main root of 1/3, plant with the instrument of sharp cone distal on off-the-shelf seedbed by bud seedling, seeding row spacing is 10cm × 10cm.Transplanting in the morning of fine day, evening or overcast and rainyly should to be carried out, and waters permeable after transplanting immediately.Attention: red C.-glauca is mycorhiza seeds, during its bud transplantation of seedlings, cultivation limit, limit lifting, the time that the root as far as possible shortening bud seedling stops in atmosphere.
(4) manage and protect
Put up cool canopy in time, other are with general broad-leaved tree.
The annual container seedling seedling-cultivating method of bud transplantation of seedlings is for " the blinding 3cm+ arch shed type mulch film moisture-keeping of intensive sowing+after planting heats+cut root 1/3+ matrix (50% yellow soil+40% peat soil+10% fused calcium magnesium phosphate)+16cm × 14cm nutritious bag+put up cool canopy in time; As shown in Figure 3, method is:
S301: adopt Rotary-table nutritive cube, annual red C.-glauca nursery stock container for plant growth adopts 16 × 14cm;
S302: prepare Medium of Container Seedling according to the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of the peat soil+10% of 50% yellow soil+40%;
S303: bud seedling is planted, when planting, is first filled to half or 2/3 place of container bag height by the matrix prepared, planted by ready bud seedling instrument in container central authorities, transplants the degree of depth and rests in the above 0.5cm ~ 1cm of collar.
Concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) container for plant growth
Adopt Rotary-table nutritive cube, represent its size by back cut diameter and high three numerals.Annual red C.-glauca nursery stock container for plant growth many employings 16cm × 14cm.
(2) Medium of Container Seedling
Red C.-glauca Medium of Container Seedling proportioning is: the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of the peat soil+10% of 50% yellow soil+40%.For prevention nursery stock generation damage by disease and insect, matrix will strictly carry out disinfection, and uses ferrous sulfate 25kg for every cubic metre, turns evenly, covers more than 24h with air-locked material, or turns evenly and load container, and on ground, garden, plastic film covering 7d ~ 10d can sow.
(3) bud seedling is planted
When planting, half or 2/3 place of container bag height is first filled to by the matrix prepared, ready bud seedling instrument is planted in container central authorities, transplant the degree of depth and rest in the above 0.5cm ~ 1cm of collar, gently carry seedling with have gentle hands during transplanting, root system is unfolded, then fills up soil, and fully compacting, make root soil contiguity.Prevent from planting dark, nest root or crab rooting, and each container moves bud seedling 1 strain.
Other are with bud transplantation of seedlings one year seedling seedling-cultivating method.
Red C.-glauca seed storage provided by the invention and seedling-cultivating method, red C.-glauca seed storage can suffocate because of anoxic in flowing water fruit in insect, the germination rate of seed can reach 98%, red C.-glauca seedling-cultivating method can solve red C.-glauca due to its system of taproot flourishing, lateral root development is more weak and problem that the transplanting survival rate that causes is lower.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.