CN103729898B - Based on the ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method of LED car lamp - Google Patents
Based on the ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method of LED car lamp Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method based on LED car lamp, comprising: the technical indicator of visible light communication and the data unit frame of correspondence in S1, definition physical layer; S2, physical layer provide the service primitive reading/arrange physical layer parameter function during access this layer, are linked into data link layer; Media access control sublayer in S3, data link layer carries out data transmission, data receiver and data validation, and error detection occurs and flow control are carried out in the LLC sublayer in data link layer; S4, the application layer service primitive to data link layer makes response, completes the ETC visible light radio communication based on LED car lamp between mobile unit and terminal system.The invention solves the adaptation issues of LED car lamp and ETC communication protocol, the visible ray that can directly utilize LED car lamp to send carries out short-distance wireless communication, visible light communication is achieved while illumination, do not need in addition mobile unit to be installed, avoid the electromagnetic interference of radio communication, achieve the low cost of visible ray, low power loss communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to visible ray radio communication and automatic vehicle identification technical field, particularly relate to a kind of ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method based on LED car lamp.
Background technology
ETC(ElectronicTollCollectionSystems, electronic charging system without parking) be that current countries in the world are all in the charge method of the advanced person praised highly energetically.Car owner only need install electronic tag on vehicle window, vehicle is through charge station, the read write line arranged by toll station is carried out read-write to the electronic tag through vehicle and identifies, and automatically deduct corresponding expense from the radio-frequency card bound in advance or bank account, can, quickly through toll station, really realize smooth the way without the need to car owner's parking and people's processing fee.
LED car lamp refers to and adopts the car light that LED (light-emitting diode) is light source.Because LED has the feature of the high and low power consumption of brightness, life-span length, environmental protection, so LED is widely used in automotive field.White light LEDs is utilized to carry out communicating and become a kind of novel light wireless communication technology.Visible ray wireless communication technology is applicable to the wireless short-range communication in electronic charging system without parking.Be applied to the wireless short-range communication technology mainly radio frequency in ETC system at present.But radio communication mode can produce electromagnetic interference to other electromagnetic systems, and need extra specific wireless apparatus is installed based on the short-range communication technique of radio frequency.And visible ray is high to human security, transmitting power, without the need to applying for radio-frequency spectrum card, without electromagnetic interference.
In prior art, the application of RFID and ETC technology in gate control system (computer age, 2013-02-15) describes the basic conception of radio frequency identification and electric non-stop toll, operation principle and correlation technique.Analyze current garage access control system and building gate control system Problems existing in actual applications.Used for reference the ripe application experience of highway electric non-stop toll system, but this system front end communication adopts wireless radio frequency mode, therefore, communication mode is not suitable for the communication mode of the ETC based on LED car lamp.
Application number be 201210042738.5 Chinese patent application also refer to based on LED visible light communication district vehicles come in and go out system, but the main facility proposing gate inhibition comprises displacement transducer in literary composition, automatic rail machine and vehicle-mounted facility, vehicle-mounted facility comprises the LED visible light reflector launching LED visible light signal, but concrete proposition does not adopt the communication system in LED transmitter and district vehicles discrepancy system.
For above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method based on LED car lamp.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to LED car lamp to access at the visible light communication of ETC electronic charging system without parking, the physical layer of former ETC communication protocol is not suitable for visible ray radio communication, but data link layer and application layer are made up of the data link layer of applicable LED car lamp visible ray radio communication and application layer protocol, stand good in the requirement of LED car lamp visible ray radio communication, therefore, the ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method that the present invention is based on LED car lamp mainly solves the physical layer specification definition of visible light communication in ETC communication protocol, its data link layer of seamless access and application layer, thus complete the access of LED car lamp and ETC visible light radio communication.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that provides of the invention process case is as follows:
Based on an ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method for LED car lamp, described method comprises:
The technical indicator of visible light communication and the data unit frame of correspondence in S1, definition physical layer;
S2, physical layer provide the service primitive reading/arrange physical layer parameter function during access this layer, are linked into data link layer;
Media access control sublayer in S3, data link layer carries out data transmission, data receiver and data validation, and error detection occurs and flow control are carried out in the LLC sublayer in data link layer;
S4, the application layer service primitive to data link layer makes response, completes the ETC visible light radio communication based on LED car lamp between mobile unit and terminal system.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the technical indicator of the visible light communication in described step S1 specifically comprises: visible light communication distance is 1 ~ 200m, and wave-length coverage is 380 ~ 900nm, and the error rate is 10
-6 ~10
-9.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the technical indicator of the visible light communication in described step S1 also comprises: the driving power needed for LED car lamp is 12V ~ 60V, and the luminous flux that LED car lamp sends visible ray is 900 ~ 1100lm, and brightness is 90 ~ 100cd/m
2, intensity of illumination is 50 ~ 250lx.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the mode of operation of described physical layer is PHY I, is specially:
Message transmission rate is 11.67 ~ 266.6kb/s, and adopt binary sequence modulation, clock frequency is less than or equal to 400kHz.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the data sending step in described step S3 is specially:
Media access control sublayer judges whether to send data, and add control information if so, then will to the data sent, the form specified in data and control information is the most at last sent to physical layer.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the data reception step in described step S3 is specially:
Media access control sublayer receives the data of input and judges whether data error of transmission occur, and if not, then removes control information, and the data of input are sent to LLC sublayer.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described service primitive can be request primitive, indication, response primitive and confirm primitive, wherein, request primitive and response primitive are the primitive that mobile unit calls, and indication and confirm primitive are the primitive that terminal system is called.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described data cell frame structure comprises:
Preorder, physical layer header, physical layer control domain, select territory, physical layer data, packet header literary composition, the civilian and physical layer payload of physical layer header.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described step S2 also comprises:
In the channel allocation of media access control sublayer, introduce visible time slot, realize the selection that physical layer controls light source.The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Solve the adaptation issues of LED car lamp and ETC communication protocol, the visible ray that can directly utilize LED car lamp to send carries out short-distance wireless communication, visible light communication is achieved while illumination, do not need in addition mobile unit to be installed, avoid the electromagnetic interference of radio communication, achieve the low cost of visible ray, low power loss communication.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method that the present invention is based on LED car lamp.
Fig. 2 is the communication mode schematic diagram of LED car lamp gate control system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the module diagram of ETC visible light radio communication of the present invention access.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of visible light communication physical layer data units frame of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below with reference to each execution mode shown in the drawings.But these execution modes do not limit the present invention, the structure that those of ordinary skill in the art makes according to these execution modes, method or conversion functionally are all included in protection scope of the present invention.
Shown in ginseng Fig. 1, a kind of ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method based on LED car lamp of the present invention, comprising:
The technical indicator of visible light communication and the data unit frame of correspondence in S1, definition physical layer;
S2, physical layer provide the service primitive reading/arrange physical layer parameter function during access this layer, are linked into data link layer;
Media access control sublayer in S3, data link layer carries out data transmission, data receiver and data validation, and error detection occurs and flow control are carried out in the LLC sublayer in data link layer;
S4, the application layer service primitive to data link layer makes response, completes the ETC visible light radio communication based on LED car lamp between mobile unit and terminal system.
Preferably, the technical indicator of visible light communication specifically comprises:
Visible light communication distance is 1 ~ 200m, and wave-length coverage is 380 ~ 900nm, and the error rate is 10
-6 ~10
-9;
Driving power needed for LED car lamp is 12V ~ 60V, and the luminous flux that LED car lamp sends visible ray is 900 ~ 1100lm, and brightness is 90 ~ 100cd/m
2, the intensity of illumination 50 ~ 250lx of LED.
Preferably, the mode of operation of physical layer is PHY I, is specially:
Message transmission rate is 11.67 ~ 266.6kb/s, and adopt binary sequence modulation, clock frequency is less than or equal to 400kHz.
Preferably, the data sending step in step S3 is specially:
Media access control sublayer judges whether to send data, and add control information if so, then will to the data sent, the form specified in data and control information is the most at last sent to physical layer;
Data reception step in step S3 is specially:
Media access control sublayer receives the data of input and judges whether data error of transmission occur, and if not, then removes control information, and the data of input are sent to LLC sublayer.
Preferably, service primitive can be request primitive, indication, response primitive and confirm primitive, and wherein, request primitive and response primitive are the primitive that mobile unit calls, and indication and confirm primitive are the primitive that terminal system is called.
Preferably, data cell frame structure comprises:
Preorder, physical layer header, physical layer control domain, select territory, physical layer data, packet header literary composition, the civilian and physical layer payload of physical layer header.
Preferably, step S2 also comprises:
In the channel allocation of media access control sublayer, introduce visible time slot, realize the selection that physical layer controls light source.
Communication mode and the process of LED car lamp gate control system specifically comprise:
Communication mode adopts single work point to point wireless communication.As shown in Figure 2: first transmitting terminal converts telecommunications breath the magnetic information read (as No. ID, automobile, owner name etc.) to through transducer, then the signal of telecommunication after suitable coded modulation is loaded on the drive circuit of LED car lamp, by LED car lamp, signal is launched.Now, the visible ray that what LED car lamp sent is with user profile.Receiving terminal receives the visible light signal that transmitting terminal sends, through photoelectric switching circuit, light signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication, decoding circuit is decoded to the signal of telecommunication, and decoded data is sent to central management system, and the feedback according to management system operates associated vehicle.
ETC visible light wireless communication protocol by physical layer, data link layer and application layer three part form.The present invention revises mainly for physical layer, specific as follows to the definition of ETC visible light radio communication physical layer specification.
Carried out specification to the physical-layer techniques index of the ETC visible light radio communication shown in Fig. 3, this communication structure is made up of physical layer (physicallayer, PHY), media access control sublayer.The ETC communication protocol meeting the LED car lamp of this technical indicator is serial, Dan Gong, point-to-point communication protocol.
The parameters that this physical-layer techniques index specifies is: communication distance is 1 ~ 200m, and wave-length coverage is 380 ~ 900nm, and the error rate is 10
-6 ~10
-9, the driving power needed for LED car lamp is 12V ~ 60V, and the luminous flux of the dipped beam that LED car lamp sends is about 900 ~ 1100lm (light-emitting area be 3500cm2, outgoing angle of flare be 45 °), and brightness is 90 ~ 100cd/m2, and intensity of illumination is 50 ~ 250lx.
The mode of operation of physical layer is divided into PHY I, PHY II, PHY III.The mode of operation that the present invention adopts is that PHY I, PHY I is operated in low-frequency range, and data rate is 11.67 ~ 266.6kb/s, adopts binary sequence modulation.PHY I clock frequency is less than or equal to 400kHz, is applicable to the LED of high DC driven, and conversion speed is slow, is applicable to long frame form long range propagation.
Fig. 4 is the physical layer data units frame structure meeting LED visible light communication technical indicator.Data cell frame structure comprises preorder, physical layer header, physical layer control domain, selection territory, physical layer data, packet header is civilian, physical layer header is civilian and physical layer payload.This frame is modulated on visible ray carrier wave by physical layer services access point, and the visible ray that LED car lamp is found out can transmit in space.Physical layer comprises visible ray transceiver and bottom administration module.
The present invention controls the selection of light source by physical layer, by introducing visible time slot to realize in the channel allocation of medium access control sublayer and media access control sublayer (medium-accesscontrol, MAC).Media access control sublayer provides the access services of physical channel to higher-level layer and ensures reliability.Media access control sublayer is by MCPS-SAP and MLME-SAP and levels intercommunication.
The media access control sublayer function master that the present invention is applicable to visible ray is that data send, receive and data validation.In order to describe transmission frame, acknowledgement frame and solution repeating frame problem, physical frame encapsulates multiple mac frames with same target address, and uses an acknowledgement frame to confirm these frames.According to upper strata requirement, to data encryption, certification and re-transmission protection, avoid stealing media access control sublayer frame and distort re-transmission.Further, media access control sublayer also provides color function, visual, the function such as colour balance and brightness regulation.When light source is in free time or accepting state, MAC need provide flicker free Lighting Service and meet the demand that user regulates brightness.
Because media access control sublayer is positioned at the latter half of former ETC communication protocol data link layer, therefore its primary responsibility controls and the physical medium being connected physical layer.And the application layer of former ETC communication protocol just realizes the application function of no-stop charging system, receiving terminal receives the vehicle identification information that transmitting terminal sends, and identifies vehicle, realizes the discrepancy of vehicle.The media access control sublayer of the present invention to former ETC communication system protocol has carried out cutting with lower part, remain former ETC communication protocol media access control sublayer with upper part, and by the normalized definition to physical layer, achieve the technical indicator of visible light communication agreement, the physical layer of applicable visible light communication is fitted to the data link layer of former ETC system, then in application layer applications.
An interface is had, the primitive operation that this interface definition lower floor provides to upper strata and service between each adjacent layer of ETC agreement.Service one group of primitive that to be each layer provide to its upper strata, the operation that the user that this layer of service definition can represent it completes.The service that n-th layer entity realizes is used by n+1 layer, and n-th layer can utilize the service of n-1 layer to provide its service.Physical layer after specification is linked into data link layer by the service primitive of definition, specific as follows:
Visible light communication physical layer protocol receives upper layer service data unit and is separated resolves interface control information, according to this layer of peer-entities communication protocol needs, add data link layer protocol control information, generate physical layer data service unit, interface control information when simultaneously providing adjacent two layers exchanged between entities information to physical layer.Physical layer is separated and resolves interface control information, directly physical layer service data is sent to opposite end physical layer, service action is divided in groups, and then come connection establishment, transfer of data, Connection Release and failure notification by service primitive.
Wherein, service primitive can be request, instruction, response and confirmation type.Request and response are the primitive that mobile unit calls, and instruction and confirmation are the primitive that terminal system is called.A service action is from a request primitive, reported by an indication, mobile unit can make response with response primitive to indication, if terminal equipment will make response to the request of a service action, just sends a confirm primitive.Realize that application layer protocol data cell is sent to opposite end application layer through antipodal inverse process and realize service process.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, the ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method based on LED car lamp of the present invention is specific as follows.
First cutting has been carried out to the physical layer of former ETC system communication protocol, remained all parts of more than the data link layer media access control sublayer of former ETC communication protocol.
Then specification has again been carried out to the physical-layer techniques index of former ETC communication protocol, made this physical layer meet the technical indicator of visible light communication.By the physical layer of new criteria for other layer provides the service primitive reading/arrange physical layer parameter function during access this layer.And the API (ApplicationProgrammingInterface, API) defined by this service primitive realizes the connection of physical layer and data link layer.
Data link layer media access control sublayer carries out frame control, segmentation/restructuring is carried out to LPDU (llc protocol data unit), generate communication frame, perform CRC and calculate/verification, when transmission data, media access control sublayer can judge whether can send data, if passable in advance, add control information so will to the data sent, the form specified in data and control information is the most at last sent to physical layer; When reception data, first media access control sublayer receives the information of input and judges whether error of transmission occurs, if do not have mistake, then removes control information, and the information of input is sent to LLC sublayer.
Adaptive visible light communication agreement remain in LLC sublayer former ETC communication protocol definition without confirming connectionless mode of operation, the type operation does not confirm the sending order of data cell, does not have Wrong control, flow control.When the application that visible light communication agreement relates to provides error correction and sequence service, then need not repeat in a data link layer, this operation is very feasible and support point-to-point operation.
Finally, by the part more than former ETC communication protocol media access control sublayer be cropped to being connected by API with the physical layer part meeting visible ray wireless communication technology index to the programming of API application interface, form the ETC communication protocol being applicable to visible light communication, thus achieve the ETC visible light radio communication access of LED car lamp.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with prior art, the ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method that the present invention is based on LED car lamp solves the adaptation issues of LED car lamp and ETC communication protocol, the visible ray that can directly utilize LED car lamp to send carries out short-distance wireless communication, visible light communication is achieved while illumination, do not need in addition mobile unit to be installed, avoid the electromagnetic interference of radio communication, achieve the low cost of visible ray, low power loss communication.
Be to be understood that, although this specification is described according to execution mode, but not each execution mode only comprises an independently technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should by specification integrally, technical scheme in each execution mode also through appropriately combined, can form other execution modes that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
A series of detailed description listed is above only illustrating for feasibility execution mode of the present invention; they are also not used to limit the scope of the invention, all do not depart from the skill of the present invention equivalent implementations done of spirit or change all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1., based on an ETC visible light radio communication cut-in method for LED car lamp, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
The technical indicator of visible light communication and the data unit frame of correspondence in S1, definition physical layer;
S2, physical layer provide the service primitive reading/arrange physical layer parameter function during access this layer, are linked into data link layer;
Media access control sublayer in S3, data link layer carries out data transmission, data receiver and data validation, and error detection occurs and flow control are carried out in the LLC sublayer in data link layer;
S4, the application layer service primitive to data link layer makes response, completes the ETC visible light radio communication based on LED car lamp between mobile unit and terminal system.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the technical indicator of the visible light communication in described step S1 specifically comprises: visible light communication distance is 1 ~ 200m, and wave-length coverage is 380 ~ 780nm, and the error rate is 10
-6 ~10
-9.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the technical indicator of the visible light communication in described step S1 also comprises: the driving power needed for LED car lamp is 12V ~ 60V, and the luminous flux that LED car lamp sends visible ray is 900 ~ 1100lm, and brightness is 90 ~ 100cd/m
2, intensity of illumination is 50 ~ 250lx.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mode of operation of described physical layer is PHY I, is specially:
Message transmission rate is 11.67 ~ 266.6kb/s, and adopt binary sequence modulation, clock frequency is less than or equal to 400kHz.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the data sending step in described step S3 is specially:
Media access control sublayer judges whether to send data, and add control information if so, then will to the data sent, the form specified in data and control information is the most at last sent to physical layer.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the data reception step in described step S3 is specially:
Media access control sublayer receives the data of input and judges whether data error of transmission occur, and if not, then removes control information, and the data of input are sent to LLC sublayer.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described service primitive can be request primitive, indication, response primitive and confirm primitive, wherein, request primitive and response primitive are the primitive that mobile unit calls, and indication and confirm primitive are the primitive that terminal system is called.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described data cell frame structure comprises:
Preorder, physical layer header, physical layer control domain, select territory, physical layer data, packet header literary composition, the civilian and physical layer payload of physical layer header.
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| CN104950871A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-30 | 同济大学 | Automobile condition diagnosis device and application based on visible light communication technology |
| WO2017147822A1 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2017-09-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Uplink transmission method, and related device and system |
| CN108074290A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-25 | 上海海拉电子有限公司 | Automobile wireless payment onboard system and method for payment based on outside vehicle lighting device |
| CN106991728A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-07-28 | 中冶(北京)交通科技发展有限公司 | LED visible light communication ETC system |
| CN107682083B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2020-04-24 | 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 | Short-distance file transmission method and device |
| WO2020062231A1 (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-04-02 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Information processing method and apparatus, carrier, and storage medium |
| CN110012448B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-10-26 | 中国银联股份有限公司 | Vehicle-side communication method based on lamplight |
| CN110930525A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-27 | 中冶(北京)交通科技发展有限公司 | LED visible light communication ETC system |
| CN114743284B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-03-08 | 深圳华创芯光科技有限公司 | High-energy-efficiency rapid ETC system and method based on visible light communication |
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