CN103693526B - A kind ofly be placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is made up of parts such as miniature buffer air bags - Google Patents
A kind ofly be placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is made up of parts such as miniature buffer air bags Download PDFInfo
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- CN103693526B CN103693526B CN201310693677.3A CN201310693677A CN103693526B CN 103693526 B CN103693526 B CN 103693526B CN 201310693677 A CN201310693677 A CN 201310693677A CN 103693526 B CN103693526 B CN 103693526B
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- Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
Abstract
A kind ofly be placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is made up of parts such as miniature buffer air bags, belong to elevator safety protection device field, comprise and be arranged on car view field spacer plate box, buffering net and miniature buffer air bag composition, described miniature buffer air bag wraps up by cushioning net, and in the spacer plate box being placed in; Wrap up in addition the isolating cylinder base of car buffer bottom, the isolating cylinder at middle part, the sponge disc at top and sponge cap placed on it, or the two type sponge discs at car buffer top and two type sponge caps placed on it are directly installed. The present invention is arranged on car drop shadow spread, is the main region that the pendant person of cheating crashes into the end, hole, mainly brings into play buffering, energy-absorbings, increases drag effect gradually with some miniature buffer air bags, realizes life-saving functions with plastic deformation and crumple; Also simultaneously the useful remedial measure of car buffer after malfunctioning under specific circumstances; And this emergency device combining form is flexible and changeable, has the scope of application widely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of elevator safety protection device, relate in particular to one and be placed in elevator shaft bottomThe survival capsule that hole is made up of parts such as miniature buffer air bags.
Background technology
The safety device of elevator mainly contains in the world at present: (1) prevents that elevator from surprisingly occurringThe car buffer of squat the end, rushing to summit, mainly divides hydraulic bjuffer and spring buffer; (2) eachFloor elevator door automatic blocking, prevent the device that opened by mistake by people; (3) guide rail safety pincers etc.Mainly contain following in China's application about the patent of elevator safety protection device at present:
Patent publication No. is that the utility model patent " emergency staircase " of CN202321891U disclosesOne is provided with cushion at elevator inwall, and elevator cab bottom is provided with the emergency staircase of air bag,Cushion can avoid taking elevator personnel and elevator cab generation direct collision, and air bag canSlow down the impact force of elevator cab and passage; Patent publication No. is the utility model of CN200999168Patent " a kind of emergency staircase " discloses at access to elevators and/or cage bottom and has been provided with bufferingDevice, buffer unit is air bag or spring or is provided with at the same level relative at elevator or cageMagnet piece, cushions cage by buffer device, reduces casualties in cage;Patent publication No. is that " a kind of deceleration baffle technology that adopts is vertical for the patent of invention of CN102050365AType elevator falling rescue device " adopt the vertical-type elevator of deceleration baffle plate and spring buffer technology to fallFall to saving device, in being suitable for, low-rise building vertical-type elevator cage falls; Patent public affairsCloth number is patent of invention " a kind of peace of the lift car based on air energy-eliminating of CN103121612AHigh-fall dropping control device " utilize storage rope drum-type car free-falling motion changing mechanism, by elevator carFree-falling conversion of motion in railway carriage or compartment is the motion of cylinder block inner carrier reciprocating air, realizes gravityPotential energy is to the conversion of air internal energy, and release consumption, and then makes lift car safe falling.
Above patent is all the device slowing down for car, and for the unexpected elevator pit that crashes intoIt is blank that the personnel's of car view field safety device still belongs to.
Summary of the invention
The blank existing for above prior art, the invention provides one and is placed in elevator pitThe survival capsule being made up of parts such as miniature buffer air bags, utilizes the slow of the compositions such as miniature buffer air bagRush assembly and provide cushioning effect to the pendant person of cheating, reduce the injury to personnel.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
Be placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is made up of parts such as miniature buffer air bags, described inSurvival capsule comprise and be arranged on car view field spacer plate box, buffering net and miniature buffer air bag,Described miniature buffer air bag wraps up by cushioning net, and in the spacer plate box being placed in.
Further, also comprise the isolating cylinder base, the middle part that are wrapped in car buffer bottomThe sponge disc at isolating cylinder and top, sponge disc is provided with sponge cap, on described isolating cylinder, has circleShape step.
Further, also comprise the two type sponge discs at car buffer top, on two type sponge discsBe provided with two type sponge caps.
Further, in described spacer plate box, be film by the body of miniature buffer air bag, filmThere is the housing of reinforcing on surface, and described housing is honeycomb fashion perforate, round hole or elliptical opening.
Further, the space in described buffering net is divided into three layers by foam-rubber cushion, is respectivelyLayer cushion, middle level cushion and bottom cushion, fill miniature cushion gas in each layer of cushionCapsule, described foam-rubber cushion is high-density sponge pad.
Further, the miniature buffer air bag in described upper strata cushion is one-shot forming, instituteMiniature buffer air bag in middle level cushion and the bottom cushion of stating first with hot pressing, cold pressing or stickyClose technique hemisphere state film and housing is synthetic, then adopt screw thread or light face is bonding is assembled intoComplete miniature buffer air bag.
Further, in described bottom cushion, the film of miniature buffer air bag cushions than middle levelThick in layer, in described middle level cushion, the film of miniature buffer air bag is than in the cushion of upper strataThick;
Further, in described upper strata cushion the housing of miniature buffer air bag and film be byOne or arbitrarily different materials arbitrarily in polyurethane, PVC, TPE, LDPE, polyvinyl chlorideMake, in described middle level cushion and bottom cushion, the housing of miniature buffer air bag is by gatheringOne or arbitrarily different materials system arbitrarily in ammonia ester, PVC, TPE, LDPE, polyvinyl chlorideBecome, film is to be made up of materials such as silicon rubber.
Further, described buffering net is by cotton synthetic fibre, polyvinyl, terylene, polyethylene any oneKind or arbitrarily different materials silk thread woollen yarn knitting are made, and mesh is rhombus or square.
Further, described spacer plate box is made up of dividing plate and base, and dividing plate is arranged on base,Between dividing plate, by being with reeded connector to connect, described dividing plate has the honeycomb of marshallingHole, the inscribed circle diameter of honeycomb hole is less than miniature buffer air bag; On described dividing plate, there is reinforcement;Described dividing plate is by polyurethane material one-shot forming; Described connector (6) be L-type connector,H type connector, double L-shaped connector or double H-type connector; Described dividing plate and connector (6)Junction is penetrated by screw rod, and Passscheiben and nut are fixed; The honeycomb at screw rod penetrating clapboard placeHole is clogged by honeycomb plug; Described honeycomb plug cross section is regular hexagon.
Operation principle of the present invention is: when there is improper, the unexpected electricity that crashes into of personnel elevator topStair shaft pit car view field, " impact " in survival capsule time, moment collision buffering net,Foam-rubber cushion, miniature buffer air bag. Buffering net and foam-rubber cushion under external force, produce to have and drawThe interior notch distortion of power; Miniature buffer air bag in the time of the impact that is subject to exceeding self opposing intensity, the endLayer spheroid produces physical flexibility distortion, the miniature buffer air bag ball of upper strata cushion and middle level cushionBody crumple is broken, and in spheroid, the air of sealing breaks through film; The miniature cushion gas of lower floor's cushionCapsule flexibility, strain. Lose in a large number air support buffering buffer air bag separately with press, withShape crumple or elasticity and plastic deformation, pulsed delay, subdue alluvium " penetration " speed,Time and energy; The miniature buffer air bag of crumple constantly superposes, thickens, resistance constantly increases,Thereby form lifesaving, reduce injury process.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) filled up elevator and the pendant person of cheating there is no to the blank of protective device.
(2) mainly with some miniature buffer air bags performance bufferings, energy-absorbing, increase resistance graduallyEffect, realizes life-saving functions with plastic deformation and crumple.
(3) be the useful remedial measure of car buffer after malfunctioning under specific circumstances.
(4) survival capsule is mainly arranged on car drop shadow spread, is that the pendant person of cheating crashes into the end, holeMain region, can give full play to life-saving functions.
(5) survival capsule combining form is flexible and changeable, adapts to each elevator producer because of design, standardThe otherness of the various devices of the lift car view field installation site that difference is brought, has extensivelyThe scope of application.
(6) miniature buffer air bag is closed spheroid, once elevator car view field entersWater, air bag, under the enclosing of buffering net, forms a floating platform relatively, has improved safety coefficient.
(7) be positioned at the situation of survival capsule scope for car buffer, designed buffer and livedThe special sponge cap in plug top, has further improved safety protection range.
(8) what account for maximum volume is miniature buffer air bag, in miniature buffer air bag and betweenGap is all air, significant to the pendant person of cheating.
(9) elevator that considerable part has been come into operation or has been about to come into operation, thisBright needs modifies to original design and structure in lift car view field.
(10) survival capsule is statically placed in car view field after installing, and do not need maintenance and power is provided,There is high reliability.
(11) each parts all adopt environmental protection, waterproof, weather-proof, corrosion-resistant, anti-aging, canThe material of the stable physical property such as regeneration is made, and has sustainability.
(12) can realize in modern technologies and material, cost is low, be easy to produce and universal.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is stereogram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is cutaway view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the front view of isolating cylinder assembly of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of isolating cylinder assembly of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of isolating cylinder base of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the front view of isolating cylinder of the present invention
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of isolating cylinder of the present invention
Fig. 8 is the stereogram of sponge disc of the present invention
Fig. 9 is the stereogram of sponge cap of the present invention
Figure 10 is another kind of stereogram of the present invention
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's two type sponge discs, cap
Figure 12 is the cutaway view of the present invention's two type sponge discs
Figure 13 is the cutaway view of the present invention's two type sponge caps
Figure 14 is the front view of the miniature buffer air bag of the present invention
Figure 15 is the left view of the miniature buffer air bag of the present invention
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the miniature buffer air bag of the present invention
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the miniature buffer air bag of upper strata of the present invention cushion
Figure 18 is the structural representation of the miniature buffer air bag of middle level of the present invention and bottom cushion
Figure 19 is the structural representation that the present invention cushions net
Figure 20 is the structural representation of spacer plate box of the present invention
Figure 21 is the structural representation of spacer plate box of the present invention
Figure 22 is the structural representation of dividing plate of the present invention
Figure 23 is the front view of dividing plate of the present invention
Figure 24 is the left view of this dividing plate
Figure 25 is the partial schematic diagram of spacer plate box of the present invention
Figure 26 is the stereogram of L-type connector of the present invention.
Figure 27 is the stereogram of H type connector of the present invention.
Figure 28 is the stereogram of double H-type connector of the present invention.
Figure 29 is the stereogram of the double L-shaped connector of the present invention.
Figure 30 is the stereogram of honeycomb plug of the present invention.
Figure 31 is that spacer plate box of the present invention is arranged on the schematic diagram on body of wall
Figure 32 is the schematic diagram that survival capsule of the present invention is arranged on elevator pit
Figure 33 is the schematic diagram that survival capsule of the present invention is arranged on elevator pit
Wherein: 1-spacer plate box, 11-dividing plate, 12-base, 13-reinforcement, 2-cushions net,21-upper strata cushion, 22-middle level cushion, 23-bottom cushion, the miniature buffer air bag of 3-,31-film, 32-housing, 4-foam-rubber cushion, 5-car buffer, 51 isolating cylinder bases, 52-Isolating cylinder, 53-sponge disc. 54-sponge cap, 55-bis-type sponge discs. 56-bis-type sponge caps,6-connector, 61-L type connector, 62-H type connector, 63-double H-type connector, the two L of 64-Type connector, 71-screw rod, 72-packing ring, 73-nut, 74-honeycomb plug.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
One, survival capsule
One as shown in Fig. 1～2 is placed in elevator pit by parts groups such as miniature buffer air bagsThe survival capsule becoming, comprises that spacer plate box 1, buffering net 2 and miniature buffer air bag 3 form, buffering net 2Be wrapped in miniature buffer air bag 3, and be positioned in spacer plate box 1. Sky in described buffering net 2Between be divided into three layers by foam-rubber cushion 4, be respectively upper strata cushion 21, middle level cushion 22 and the endLayer cushion 23, fills miniature buffer air bag 3 for every layer.
(1) survival capsule parts:
1, miniature buffer air bag 3 (hereinafter to be referred as " air bag ")
The core component of miniature buffer air bag 3 survival capsules. By housing 32, film 31, sealingAir composition, be exactly by air seal interior, what be integrated by housing 32 and film 31 is hollowSpheroid (Figure 15～18):
(1) physical dimension
1. housing 32 diameters are at 60-80mm.
2. the thickness of housing 32 and film 31
Due to the otherness of selection and each layer of air bag requirement of strength, thickness of shell is at 1mm in principleAbove; Bottom airbag housing is wanted corresponding thickening, at least can bear three kinds of air bags and pile up in proportion thickDegree reaches the air bag deadweight of 1.5m.
Film: due to the otherness of selection and each layer of cushion air bag requirement of strength, film thicknessValue in the requsst listed below: 1. upper strata cushion air bag 21, middle level cushion air bag 22 spheroids are because of punchingHitting energy is deformed into original volume three/bis-o'clock film and must breaks. 2. bottom cushion air bag 23Strain, does not break.
Also can there is physical function because of factors such as height above sea level, temperature, environment in housing and film thicknessOtherness, therefore in design with will take in and adjust when the selection of material. The design is notAsk each layer of housing to have larger supportive, intensity and film resistanee to rupture.
3. surface of shell is honeycomb fashion perforate, and number of aperture depends on the diameter of the housing of employing. For protectingCard casing rigidity is consistent, and the distribution of perforate and quantity distribute at surface of shell should be even. TappingBy the extended membrane sealed of inner walls; Film inside is uninflated air, forms air bag.
(2) connected mode of film thickness and housing, use material and three layers of modes of emplacement,Form respectively three kinds of air bags:
1. the air bag of upper strata cushion 21
This air bag and film and housing are an entirety, with the processing of same material disposable integral. Upper strataThe airbag housing of cushion has " certain supportive " and intensity, under relatively light impact, occursFlexible sex change, crumple are until film breaks.
2. the air bag of middle level cushion 22
This air bag and film is thick compared with top layer air bag, bears after greater impact power, occurs plastic deformation,Crumple, film breaks. Housing use with the air bag of upper strata cushion 1. same material make, filmWith the silicon rubber more pliable and tougher than housing (for reference, the material that current chemical industry meets instructions for use is more)And so on material make; Film and housing internal circular surfaces are bonding, become the spheroid of sealing.
3. the air bag of bottom cushion 23
This air bag is positioned over the bottom of survival capsule, and the air bag self that bear survival capsule placement is heavyMeasure the type that remains unchanged for a long period of time, therefore airbag housing and film are thicker compared with middle level air bag, bear maximum impactEnergy is survival capsule last line of defense. The air bag of production method and material and middle level cushionIdentical.
The feature of air bag is: be full of the film spheroid of air, rely on support and the conformal of housingEffect, keeps complete " bubble " form; The air bag that each is complete, be all one independentlyBuffer body; Thousands of obtain support, bound " bubble ", form large delayingRush body. Wherein " housings support " refers to: at survival capsule dividing plate height, the air bag of each layer is placedWhen gross thickness is 1.5m, the air bag that layering is placed, the air bag ball in minimum one deck in each layerBody is indeformable under long-term placement condition, film does not break.
(3) order that air bag is placed
Air bag is pressed bottom cushion air bag, middle level cushion air bag, upper strata cushion at survival capsuleThis priority order of air bag is by three layers of placement. Under " ordinary circumstance ", each air bag is total by respectively accounting forThe amount layering of thickness 1/3rd is placed. " ordinary circumstance " refers to: according to pit condition, lifesavingWhen cabin height and air bag ulking thickness are not less than 1.5m. The thickness that miniature buffer air bag is placed depends onThe height of the survival capsule dividing plate allowing in pit.
(4) manufacture of air bag
Airbag housing is made and is synthesized by two hemisphere. Middle level cushion air bag and bottom bufferingLayer air bag and film part, available hot pressing, cold pressing, the technique such as bonding makes still in hemisphere stateInner circle and housing integrator. , with two " hemisphere " housings of film " zoarium ", can adopt spiral shellLine, light face be bonding is assembled into a complete miniature buffer air bag; Also can be with other physics, changeMethod is integrated two hemisphere, and upper strata buffer air bag can one in the situation that technique allowsInferior moulding. The requirement of air bag manufacture is: material, formula, technique that air bag processing adopts are wanted reallyProtect under long-term placement condition, airbag housing and film be indeformable, not aging, it is large not producePhysical property changes. Guarantee that housing does not produce fracture crops for rotation at distortion, film breaks back casing.
(5) perforate of housing
Housing adopts honeycomb fashion perforate, also can adopt opening of other circle, ellipse and other passHole.
(6) material of manufacture housing and film
Polyurethane, PVC, TPE, LDPE, polyvinyl chloride, silicon rubber (silicon rubber glassCloth can be used for cushioning net) etc. the requirement to properties of product by the design on technique, formula, allCan manufacture satisfactory parts.
(7) color of air bag
In using, distinguish three kinds of air bags, air bag is divided into three kinds of colors: 1. upper strata air bag-yellow; 2. middle level air bag-green; 3. bottom air bag-blueness.
2, buffering net 2 and foam-rubber cushion 4
(1) buffering net 2 (Figure 19)
1. can adopt polyamide fibre, polyvinyl, terylene, polyethylene or other material handwork woollen yarn knitting or machineryWoollen yarn knitting is made; Mesh is shaped as rhombus or square; The quality of often throwing the net will be less than 15kg, be greater than 8kg(pressing two kinds of specification measuring and calculating of 1.8mx6m and 4mx6m). Mesh quantity is square by each mesh40mmx40mm is with interior specifications control. Manufacture and quality standard are by " country of the People's Republic of China (PRC)Standard GB5725-2009 safety net " requirement of " plain net " safety coefficient is carried out. Plain net is wanted to holdAfter impacted by the human-like sand hill of simulation that heavy 100kg, floor space are 2800cm2, nettle does not rupture;When shock height 10m, maximum percentage elongation is no more than 1.5m.
2. for reducing production costs, can adopt in market buying pattern. Have in the market according to" GB GB5725-2009 " produces the building safety plain net that is exclusively used in protection tenesmus people, productEnergy and quality can reach environmental protection, pliable and tough, weather-proof, ageing-resistant, corrosion-resistant, shock resistance, fire-retardantEtc. standard, meet instructions for use of the present invention. Safety net (plain net) the fabric width 1m that sell in marketTo 1.8m, every volume length 6m to 30m is not above etc.
4. cushion the effect of net 2:
Make air bag in survival capsule form an entirety of being lived by the string bag. The one, when survival capsule is subject to downWhen pendant thing impacts, in cabin, other parts still have the pooling feature to other tenesmus thing; The 2nd,When pit water inlet, in cabin, air bag entirety floating, has floating platform function. Buffering net is subject to downWhen pendant thing impacts, self produce and there is caving in of pulling force buffering, can slow down certain impact energy.
(2) foam-rubber cushion 4 (Fig. 2)
Because sponge has the characteristic of water suction, for avoiding pit water inlet may bring unfavorable factor, thisInvention is used high-density sponge selectively, and (1 cubic metre of weight is more than 45 kilograms. WithLower abbreviation sponge). Foam-rubber cushion thickness is advisable at 20mm. Blocked up augmented airbag pressure, may be notBe beneficial to its physical stability. Foam-rubber cushion must not be placed in bottom cushion air bag bottom.
The effect of foam-rubber cushion: 1. to upper, in, the three layers of cushion air bag in the end do flexible the separation; 2.Cushion pad; 3. the thing that drops obtains flexible contact.
3, dividing plate 11 (Figure 20～24)
1. physical dimension reference value is that long 2,000mm is high by 1,000m, thick 60mm. Middle reinforcement is thick2mm. When being installed, survival capsule cuts according to actual needs.
2. plate body is " order " font widening, and centre three is horizontal is exactly reinforcement 13.
3. plate face is that (honeycomb perforate one is to maximize to save material, the 2nd, relatively in honeycomb fashion perforateImprove intensity. The design does not get rid of and adopts other shape perforate, but that perforate must not be greater than air bag is straightFootpath).
4. dividing plate can be made of materials such as polyurethane, can one-shot forming.
5. dividing plate transverse strength can ensure that survival capsule fills after air bag indeformable. In vertical directionRun into compared with thump and can follow air bag crumple.
The effect of dividing plate is exactly by the space isolation of other parts of elevator pit and car projectionCome; Dividing plate setting height(from bottom) must not be higher than compression buffer behind the improper pendant hole of car " at the bottom of seat " extremelyHeight at the bottom of the railway carriage or compartment of lowest limit.
4, isolating cylinder assembly. (Fig. 3～13)
These parts are isolating cylinder base 51, isolating cylinder 52, sponge disc 53 and sponge cap 54.
1. isolating cylinder base: these parts are upper and lower two column isolating cylinder combinations. " circle on baseCylinder " internal diameter is greater than isolating cylinder stack shell external diameter 1., and " lower cylinder " external diameter doubles " upper cylinderBody " external diameter. " upper cylinder " is for filling isolating cylinder stack shell; " lower cylinder " is for " covering " carBuffer base.
2. isolating cylinder: stack shell wall thickness 3mm, the book 1mm of place. Cylinder backs down hole, is with a step cutting pattern,Be used for installing sponge disc; Cylindrical shell can be put into holes on base.
3. sponge disc: 1.5 times of sponge disc internal diameters are to isolating cylinder external diameter. Long mouthful and isolation tube length mouthBe matchedly connected, in cylindrical plate, place the cavernous body of a monoblock according to dish mouthful size cutting.
4. sponge cap: be that a thickness reaches circular sponge more than 200mm.
5. the effect of isolating cylinder assembly:
Isolating cylinder stack shell is for the isolation of car buffer and miniature buffer air bag, especially for bulletSpring buffer is more necessary. Sponge disc and cavernous body, while crashing into pit, reduce to delay for personnelRush the injury of device piston tip to the pendant person of cheating.
5, two type sponge discs 55 and two type sponge caps 56.
Two type sponge discs are one " cap " shape disk body, " wear directly to when installation buffering piston topCap " (figure); Sponge cap is an isolation tubular, is directly buckled on sponge disc, and thickness is at 200-300mmBetween (figure). Two type sponge discs, two type sponge caps can not use mainly for isolating cylinder assemblyTime, be directly installed on buffering piston top.
6, connector 6 (Figure 26～30)
This is the attaching parts that survival capsule dividing plate is installed, and the material of connector is identical with dividing plate, connectsFitting has:
1. base 12, this part can be installed on pit ground or metope, for stationary barrier on groundOn face and body of wall. These part groove both sides can drill through with center bit together with dividing plate, honeycomb plug,Through packing ring, tighten fixing with the bolt of long stem of diameter 8mm to 12mm. With several screw rods, spiral shellCap needs to determine according to scene, as long as ensure dividing plate setting height(from bottom) and intensity enough.
2. L-type connector 61, for two dividing plate two ends need right angle connect use, method of attachment with1. same.
3. 62, two dividing plates of H type connector need this connector of lengthening on same straight line.Method of attachment is with 1. same.
4. two 63, four dividing plates of H connector (need to increase, lengthen) are the connection of sphere of movements for the elephants typeTime, connect for the straight line of right-angled intersection place. Method of attachment is with 1. same.
5. double L-shaped connector 64, dividing plate is increased, the connection of corner, and method of attachment is with 1. same.
6. dividing plate is installed honeycomb plug 74, and profile is six stupefied columns, and cross section is hexahedron, longDegree 6mm, mates with dividing plate honeycomb hole, when assemble in diaphragm, must first determine connector bolt aperture positionPut, then plug put into this position dividing plate honeycomb hole (connector bolt installing drill hole site),Now connector and plug can be drilled through and install, guarantee to install firmly.
7, connector accessory (Figure 25)
For reducing production costs, section connecting element accessory of the present invention adopts market standard component on sale:
1. loose-leaf: general loose-leaf. Be mainly used in two to need freedom between upper spacerThe connection of angle. Installation method is identical with " connector is 1. ", also can be used for if desired metope,Effective connection at face or other position.
2. screw rod 71: can select diameter 8mm to 12mm, that length exceedes block board thickness+nut is thickThe metal screw of+2 gasket thickness of degree. For connector, loose-leaf and dividing plate or dividing plate and metope,The effective connection of ground or other part (isolating cylinder base and ground).
3. nut 73: specification and screw rod are supporting, is used in conjunction with screw rod, and material and screw rod are same.
4. packing ring 72: with 2. 3. support the use, material is identical.
5. expansion bolt: can select the above specification of diameter 8mm, for base, wall connecting piece,The installation of isolating cylinder base.
Note: according to service condition and requirement, 1. 2. 3. 4. can strengthen physical dimension.
8, connector in assembling with the annexation of dividing plate.
(2) installation of survival capsule (Figure 31～33)
The elevator components that current elevator enters pit mainly contains car guide rail, counter weight guide track, rightWeight, cable, counterweight buffer, balanced compensated chain etc., all establish along elevator car projection outerPutting,, within the projected area of car, is exactly therefore the installation region of survival capsule.
1, mounting condition
1. survival capsule needs vertical space more than 0.5m. Elevator pit ground, anticipates at carOuter tenesmus, while compressing car buffer to extreme position, with the vertical height at the minimum position of car,Be not less than 0.5m. The present invention utilizes this space more than height. Survival capsule of the present invention everyPlate optimal spatial height should be more than 1m. The vertical space that survival capsule is installed meets GBGB7588-2003 (5.7.3.3b) is " vertical to the freedom at the bottom of pit and between the minimum parts of carDistance is not less than 0.5m " regulation.
2. elevator pit, in car drop shadow spread, except car buffer, is not installed shadowRing other device of survival capsule function. If any, need to separate with dividing plate.
3. the ground of survival capsule is installed wants firmly, can bear car all-up weight 4 by GB requirementStatic load doubly.
4. pit can not have the thing that affects the ponding of survival capsule function or non-elevator pit indispensabilityBody.
5., while survival capsule being installed, do not require that every one side of cabin body all encloses with dividing plate. At shadow notRing elevator and be positioned at the normal work of other device of pit and the safe model allowing in national standardEnclose, can utilize the elevator borehole wall to be used as " dividing plate ". Therefore survival capsule can adopt: A. whole baffleForm, b. part dividing plate form, C. are without dividing plate form.
6. as occurred that cable has influence on the situation of car drop shadow spread, the partition position of survival capsuleMust reserve safe distance with cable.
2, installation procedure:
Refuge chamber type has (Fig. 1-3) such as " mouth " type, " going back to " type, " L " type, " mouthful mouth " type, prismatics.No matter which kind of moulding, prerequisite is to suit measures to local conditions, to greatest extent, the performance lifesaving of maximum area groundCabin function, increases the space of placing miniature buffer air bag.
The first step: dividing plate (taking " mouth " type cabin type as example) is installed
Design dividing plate and isolating cylinder installation site, determine cabin type. (cabin type selects to see figure)
With plummet pit locate and mark can installation region plane, cut dividing plate.
Carry out the assembling of dividing plate, isolating cylinder with connector and connector accessory. Connector is selected.
Second step: isolating cylinder is installed
Installation steps 1: according to the physical dimension of car buffer, choose and meet service conditionThe each parts of isolating cylinder.
Installation steps 2:
Mounting seat, covers car buffer base, and expansion bolt is installed. Isolating cylinder is put into the endCylinder on seat. Sponge disc is installed, and sponge disc inner bayonet engages with isolating cylinder outer bayonet. PlaceMeet the sponge cap of sponge disc size and service condition.
The 3rd step: place buffering net:
Cut the wide buffering net right-angled intersection in two width and limit, cabin and be laid on the bilge, and extend to out of my cabin(length of prolongation enough covers on-deck with right-angled intersection again after air bag installs). IfCar buffer is positioned at cabin, and buffering net need reserve the mesh suitable with isolating cylinder projected area againShop fixtures, allows isolating cylinder " pass " buffering net.
The 3rd step: place buffer air bag and sponge bed course:
1. installing bottom layer cushion air bag, installs foam-rubber cushion (foam-rubber cushion area and cabin inner area phaseWith); 2. middle level cushion air bag is installed, foam-rubber cushion is installed; 3. upper strata cushion air bag is installed,Foam-rubber cushion is installed.
The 4th step: buffering net intersection covers, the buffering net prolonging outside deliver from vault covers slow with right-angled intersectionQi of chong channel ascending adversely capsule plane (will be the reserved mesh of sponge disc before covering), the process of deployment of buffering net, phaseBe similar to from " ∪ " to " mouth ".
The 5th step: sponge disc and sponge cap are installed.
(3) isolating cylinder assembly can not be installed in survival capsule time, available " two type sponge discs, cap ".(figure)
3, explanation
1. the present invention, under any condition, must install buffering net on request.
If 2. car buffer is positioned at cabin, need first isolating cylinder base, stack shell to be installed.
3. due to the otherness of the elevator pit degree of depth and elevator design, GB only specifies car pressureContracting buffer is during to extreme position, and car bottom minimum point (is shown in apart from the minimum altitude on pit groundGB). Some pits are deep, and car buffer also will be increased pedestal, is arranged on firmOn solid pile pier, this situation is particularly conducive to increases survival capsule dividing plate, holds more bufferingAir bag, increases cushion space. Several connectors of the present invention design for this reason.
4. in the time that car buffer is placed in the middle position of car projection, dividing plate is by plumbingRegion is arranged and is installed, but dividing plate height must not be sat base compression buffer to the limit higher than carThe height at the bottom of railway carriage or compartment and pit ground.
5. all survival capsule parts drawings are not indicated chamfering parts, all do the processing of falling R.
Two, feasibility of the present invention and reality need
(1) feasibility
1,, by retrieval, also there is no in the world at present the patent identical with the present invention. The designThere is uniqueness.
2, rationally utilize the space of elevator pit:
1. carry 1000kg car as example taking core, pit can be used for regard to the area of 2.6 square metres of having an appointmentSurvival capsule is installed, and lifesaving area can hold 15 people that stand.
According to GB (GB7588-2003) 8.2.1 " table 1 " regulation, nominal load capacity 1000kgElevator, the maximum effective area of car is 2.40 square metres. By 8.2.3 " table 2 " regulation, 2.40Square metre car can take advantage of 15 people. Car adds body of wall
Thickness, approximately 3 square metres of actual projected areas. Suppose car buffer projected area approximately0.4 square metre, also have the area of 2.6 square metres that survival capsule is installed.
2. due to the free space laterally and in vertical direction, make use of the present invention possess baseThis condition.
The effect one of pit is that related device is installed, the 2nd, and at the bottom of car crouching out of control, (or claim 〝 to sitEnd 〞) time, there is a cushion space, the 3rd, facilitate repairman to overhaul. With GB GB/T7025.2-2008/ISO4190-2:2001, taking IV class elevator as example, pit in specificationThe degree of depth is minimum is 1400mm, is up to 2400mm, and dark 1600-1800mm's is in the majority. These ruleModel provides the space in vertical direction for use of the present invention. Elevator pit in the world at presentUse design, enter the compartment system, counterweight system, electric power system of elevator pit along wellWall arranges; The elevator pit that has significant proportion does not have in car drop shadow spread except bufferThere is other device, for use of the present invention provides the space within the scope of transverse projection.
3. survival capsule is mounted in car drop shadow spread, and therefore lifesaving probability is large.
The perspective plane of car in pit, wide place is greater than the width of layer door between car and floor.In the time that personnel surprisingly crash into pit from floor, fall in car drop shadow spread probability much larger than projectionRegion outside scope. Carry the elevator pit of 1000kg at core, survival capsule lifesaving area at least canHold 15 people that stand.
4. there is more elevator pit design, give and the invention provides larger usage space.
A large amount of miniature buffer gas are placed in survival capsule layering. If the air bag of diameter 60mm is regarded asA 216cm3Cube, 1m3Space in can place in theory and be greater than 4629.6 air bags.According to GB GB7588-2003 " elevator manufacture and installation safety standard ", when car is pressed completelyOn buffer time, pit must have enough spaces, and the size in this space is can hold oneBe not less than the cuboid of 0.50m × 0.60m × 1.0m, by GB Minimum Acceptable Value, energy in pitThis cuboid holding can be placed 1388, the air bag of diameter 60mm, even minimumly permit by thisThe value's permitted configuration air bag, the injury that also effectively minimizing personnel fall. Elevator shaft bottom defect subspaces at presentThe design of height, does not generally adopt such Minimum Acceptable Value, but strengthens spatial design, moreHow vacating space to maintenance personal (as IV class elevator GB GB/T7025.2-2008/ISO4190―2：2001)。
(2) needs of reality
Reduce or avoid personnel directly to crash into the safety device of pit for installation, having objectively existingReal demand. Can see according to retrieval, in elevator personal injury accident, personnel are unexpected straight at presentConnects and crash into the injury accident that pit causes and occupy certain proportion, and each accident is either dead or wounded,None is escaped by luck. Deep and serene elevator pit, come in contingency interim, to party just as ten thousandZhang abyss. Only 2013, China's Mainland just belonged to report that personnel surprisingly crash into elevator pitHave several, add not report, this numeral can be larger.
The manned cargo-carrying car of the provisional electric up-down that building enterprise is used, in feelings with good conditionsiUnder condition, its bottom the present invention that also can correspondingly suit measures to local conditions to use flexibly, improves safety coefficient.
Claims (9)
1. be placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is made up of miniature buffer air bag parts, itsBe characterised in that: described survival capsule comprise be arranged on car view field spacer plate box (1), bufferingNet (2) and miniature buffer air bag (3), described miniature buffer air bag (3) is by buffering net (2)Parcel, and in the spacer plate box being placed in (1);
Described spacer plate box (1) is made up of dividing plate (11) and base (12), and dividing plate (11) is installedUpper at base (12), between dividing plate (11) by being with reeded connector (6) to connect, described inDividing plate (11) have the honeycomb hole of marshalling, the inscribed circle diameter of honeycomb hole is less than miniature bufferingAir bag (3); On described dividing plate (11), there is reinforcement (111); Described dividing plate (11) is by gatheringThe one-shot forming of ammonia ester material; Described connector (6) is L-type connector (61), H type connector(62), double L-shaped connector (64) or double H-type connector (63); Described dividing plate (11) and companyFitting (6) junction is penetrated by screw rod (71), and Passscheiben (72) and nut (73)Fixing; The honeycomb hole that screw rod (71) penetrating clapboard (11) is located is clogged by honeycomb plug (74);Described honeycomb plug cross section is regular hexagon.
2. one according to claim 1 is placed in elevator pit by miniature buffer air bagThe survival capsule of parts composition, is characterized in that: also comprise and be wrapped in car buffer (5) endThe sponge disc (53) at the isolating cylinder base (51) of portion, the isolating cylinder (52) at middle part and top,Sponge disc (53) is provided with sponge cap (54), on described isolating cylinder (52), has circular platformRank.
3. one according to claim 1 is placed in elevator pit by miniature buffer air bagThe survival capsule of parts composition, is characterized in that: also comprise two of car buffer (5) topType sponge disc (55), two type sponge discs (55) are provided with two type sponge caps (56).
4. one according to claim 1 is placed in elevator pit by miniature buffer air bagThe survival capsule of parts composition, is characterized in that: described spacer plate box (1) is interior by miniature bufferingThe body of air bag (3) is film (31), and there is the housing (32) of reinforcing on film (31) surface,Described housing (32) is honeycomb fashion perforate, round hole or elliptical opening.
5. one according to claim 1 is placed in elevator pit by miniature buffer air bagThe survival capsule of parts composition, is characterized in that: the space in described buffering net (2) is by seaContinuous pad (4) is divided into three layers, be respectively upper strata cushion (21), middle level cushion (22) andBottom cushion (23), fills miniature buffer air bag (3), described sea in each layer of cushionContinuous pad (4) is high-density sponge pad.
6. one according to claim 5 is placed in elevator pit by miniature buffer air bagThe survival capsule of parts composition, is characterized in that: miniature the delaying in described upper strata cushion (21)Qi of chong channel ascending adversely capsule (3) is one-shot forming, described middle level cushion (22) and bottom cushion (23)In miniature buffer air bag (3) first with hot pressing, cold pressing or adhesion technique by hemisphere state film(31) synthetic with housing (32), then adopt screw thread or light face bonding be assembled into complete miniature slowQi of chong channel ascending adversely capsule (3).
7. one according to claim 5 is placed in elevator pit by miniature buffer air bagThe survival capsule of parts composition, is characterized in that: miniature buffering in described bottom cushion (23)Thick, the described middle level cushion that the film (31) of air bag (3) is interior than middle level cushion (22)(22) in, the film (31) of miniature buffer air bag (3) is than interior thick of upper strata cushion (21).
8. one according to claim 5 is placed in elevator pit by miniature buffer air bagThe survival capsule of parts composition, is characterized in that: miniature buffering in described upper strata cushion (21)The housing (32) of air bag (3) and film (31) are by polyurethane, PVC, TPE, LDPE, poly-In vinyl chloride arbitrarily a kind of or arbitrarily different materials make, described middle level cushion (22)With the housing (32) of miniature buffer air bag (3) in bottom cushion (23) be by polyurethane, PVC,In TPE, LDPE, polyvinyl chloride arbitrarily a kind of or arbitrarily different materials make, film (31)To be made by silastic material.
9. one according to claim 1 is placed in elevator pit by miniature buffer air bagThe survival capsule of parts compositions, is characterized in that: described buffering net (2) by cotton synthetic fibre, polyvinyl,In terylene, polyethylene any one or arbitrarily different materials silk thread woollen yarn knitting make, mesh is rhombusOr square.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107572341A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-01-12 | 中国航天科技集团公司川南机械厂 | A kind of elevator safety landing system and method |
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| CN105314494A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-02-10 | 天津市沃德美嘉科技有限公司 | Elevator anti-falling protection device |
| CN106241542A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-21 | 杨雯凯 | A kind of lifesaving appliance being placed in elevator pit |
| KR102278790B1 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2021-07-19 | 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 | Elevator's Buffer Cap |
| CN107010508B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2022-11-25 | 上海峻腾建设工程有限公司 | Water-air buffering elevator shaft |
| CN112320530B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-02-18 | 博仕通电梯有限公司 | Elevator pit safety maintenance device |
| CN114961582B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-03-14 | 无锡瑞吉德机械有限公司 | Automatic drilling device and method for elevator shaft |
| CN116240929B (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2024-10-29 | 重庆大学 | Scour-resistant energy dissipation and ecological protection structure for offshore wind turbine single pile foundation |
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| JP2007326671A (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2007-12-20 | Hitachi Ltd | Safety device for elevator |
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