CN103580464B - Self-protection H bridge drive circuit - Google Patents
Self-protection H bridge drive circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103580464B CN103580464B CN201310476158.1A CN201310476158A CN103580464B CN 103580464 B CN103580464 B CN 103580464B CN 201310476158 A CN201310476158 A CN 201310476158A CN 103580464 B CN103580464 B CN 103580464B
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Abstract
A kind of self-protection H bridge drive circuit that the present invention proposes, comprising: H bridge driver element and H bridge driving control unit.Four switch elements are on diagonal, the switch element of left upper arm and bottom right arm forms bottom right, a upper left and drives branch road, the switch element of right upper arm and lower-left arm forms a upper right lower-left and drives branch road, H bridge driving control unit controls two driving branch road alternate conduction and load current direction, in same driving branch road, a switch element control load drive current exports, another switch element control load drive current duty ratio.When a driving branch road in H bridge driver element there being one or two switching elements conductive, H bridge driving control unit stops two switching elements conductive on another driving branch road, realizes self-protection function.H bridge driver element adopts independently switch element to build drive circuit, when different loads drives, can select the switch element of different driving ability, having higher flexibility according to driving electric current needed for load.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of H-bridge drive circuit.
Technical background
It is because its shape exactly likes alphabetical H that H-bridge drive circuit is gained the name in " H-bridge drive circuit ".4 switch elements become 4 vertical legs of H, and driven load is exactly the whippletree in H.H bridge type drive circuit comprises 4 switch elements and a load.Make loaded work piece, the pair of switches element on the necessary diagonal of conducting simultaneously.The conducting situation right according to different switch element, electric current may flow through load from left to right or from right to left, thus the operating state of control load.Such as, as shown in Figure 3, triode Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 are as 4 switch elements in H-bridge drive circuit as shown in the figure, and the load of H-bridge drive circuit is motor.When Q1 pipe and the conducting of Q4 pipe, electric current just passes motor from positive source through Q1 from left to right, and then gets back to power cathode through Q4.Thus drive motors rotates (arrow around motor is designated as clockwise direction) by specific direction.
When driving load, ensure homonymy on H bridge two switch elements can not conducting simultaneously extremely important.As shown in Figure 3, if triode Q1 and Q2 conducting simultaneously, so electric current directly will get back to negative pole from positive pole through two triodes.Now, do not have other any loads in circuit except triode, the electric current therefore on circuit will reach maximum (this electric current is only by power supply performance limitations), even burns out triode.For these reasons, in actual drive circuits, the switch of triode is usually controlled easily with hardware circuit.
Common solution mainly contains and adopts the special driving chip of integrated hardware circuit or use discreet logic device to build control circuit to realize, special driving chip is as IR2110, L298N, TLE5209 etc., the weak point of these solutions is that cost compare is high, flexibility is poor, when driving high power load, also need outside high power switch element to coordinate, take PCB surface and amass more.Therefore in the urgent need to design a kind of with self-shield ability, flexibility is high, cost is low H bridge control circuit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art part, provide a kind of with self-shield ability, flexibility is high, cost is low H bridge control circuit.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of self-protection H bridge drive circuit, comprise: by two driver output terminals, the H bridge driver element of four switch element formations and H bridge driving control unit, it is characterized in that, four switch elements are on diagonal, the switch element of left upper arm and bottom right arm forms bottom right, a upper left and drives branch road, the switch element of right upper arm and lower-left arm forms a upper right lower-left and drives branch road, above-mentioned two driving branch roads and load drive current direction control by H bridge driving control unit, realize alternate conduction, in same driving branch road, a switch element control load drive current exports, another switch element control load drive current duty ratio, when a driving branch road in H bridge driver element there being one or two switching elements conductive, H bridge driving control unit stops two switching elements conductive on another driving branch road, realizes self-protection function.
H bridge driver element adopts an inverter passage, two comparator passages and four resistance to be built into independently switch element driver circuit, when in H bridge driver element, when a driving branch road having one or two switching elements conductive, H bridge driving control unit stops two switching elements conductive on another driving branch road, only have when the conducting simultaneously of two switch elements, load drive circuit circuit is just formed by " driving power+" path to " driving power-", realizes load drive current pulse-width modulation (PWM) and controls.
Owing to adopting such scheme, the present invention has the following advantages: H bridge driver element of the present invention adopts independently switch element to build drive circuit, when different loads drives, the switch element of different driving ability can be selected according to driving electric current needed for load, there is higher flexibility.Build H bridge driving control unit and only need an inverter passage, two comparator passages and four resistance.Because H bridge driving control unit number of devices is few, build simple, so only need that less PCB surface is long-pending can be realized, further increase the reliability of system and reduce the cost of system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is self-protection H bridge driving circuit principle figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is H bridge driving control unit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of prior art typical case H-bridge drive circuit.
In figure: 100 drive duty cycle control signal input, 101 voltage signals, 102 inverter input, 103 inverter output, 104 comparator A outputs, 105 comparator B outputs.
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 1.In embodiment described below, described self-protection H bridge drive circuit comprises H bridge driving control unit and H bridge driver element, wherein, H bridge driver element is by two driver output terminals, four switch elements are formed, four switch elements are on diagonal, the switch element of left upper arm and bottom right arm forms bottom right, a upper left and drives branch road, the switch element of right upper arm and lower-left arm forms a upper right lower-left and drives branch road, above-mentioned two driving branch roads are by H bridge driving control unit control realization alternate conduction, the direction of control load drive current, in same driving branch road, a switch element control load drive current exports, another switch element control load drive current duty ratio, H bridge driver element adopts an inverter passage, two comparator passages and four resistance to build independently switch element driver circuit, when in H bridge driver element, when a driving branch road having one or two switching elements conductive, H bridge driving control unit stops two switching elements conductive on another driving branch road, only have when the conducting simultaneously of two switch elements, load driving circuits is just formed by " driving power+" path to " driving power-", thus realizes load drive current pulse-width modulation (PWM) control.
Consult Fig. 2.H bridge driving control unit comprises: the comparator passage that comparator A is connected with comparator B forward end and the divider resistance R1, the divider resistance R2 that are connected in comparator A and comparator B negative end comparator passage mutually, and be connected between comparator A and comparator B backward end successively, building respectively by the current-limiting resistance R3 of inverter positive input and inverse output terminal and current-limiting resistance R4, current-limiting resistance R3, inverter and current-limiting resistance R4 is an inverter passage.Two current-limiting resistances R3, R4 and inverter series are between two comparator output terminals.Two comparator passages are connected with four resistance positive inputs, and access drives duty cycle control signal, negative input is connected divider resistance, and divider resistance R1 and divider resistance R2 connects, and two ends connect power supply VCC and power supply ground respectively.The voltage signal current potential that divider resistance dividing potential drop obtains is between the low and high level of input signal.The resistance of divider resistance R1 and divider resistance R2 is selected according to the comparator model selected in side circuit and other circuit parameter.Current-limiting resistance R3 and current-limiting resistance R4 resistance are selected according to the inverter model selected in side circuit, comparator model and other circuit parameter.Comparator A is connected with comparator B positive input, connects simultaneously and drives duty cycle control signal input 100; Comparator A is connected with comparator B negative input, the tie point simultaneously connecting divider resistance R1 and divider resistance R2 accesses the voltage signal 101 obtained from VCC dividing potential drop by divider resistance R1 and divider resistance R2, for identifying the low and high level driving duty cycle control signal.Comparator A output 104 to be connected inverter output 103 by current-limiting resistance R3, connect lower-left arm switch element controling signal end, inverter input 102 connects left upper arm switch element control signal end, when the input 102 of inverter is high, controls left upper arm switching elements conductive; Because inverter output signal is low, comparator A output 104 signal pulls down to low, and left upper arm switch element control signal and lower-left arm switch element controling signal can not be high simultaneously, ensures that two switch elements on the left of H bridge can not conducting simultaneously.Comparator B output 105 to be connected inverter input 102 by current-limiting resistance R4, connects bottom right arm switch element controling signal end.Inverter output 103 is connected right upper arm switch element control signal end, when the output 103 of inverter is high, controls right upper arm switching elements conductive.Because inverter input signal is low, comparator B output 105 signal pulls down to low, and right upper arm switch element control signal and bottom right arm switch element controling signal can not be high simultaneously, ensures that two switch elements on the right side of H bridge can not conducting simultaneously.The input 102 of inverter is connected with left upper arm switch element control signal end, and the output 103 of inverter is connected with right upper arm switch element control signal end.Inverter input and output two ends can not be high simultaneously, so left and right upper arm switching element control signal can not be high simultaneously, ensure that the upper arm switching element of two branch roads can not conducting simultaneously.Article two, the underarm switch element control signal end of driving branch road is connected to inverter input and output two ends respectively by a current-limiting resistance, to ensure that the underarm switch element of two branch roads can not conducting simultaneously.External drive direction control signal inputs H bridge driving control unit by the input 102 of inverter, when external drive direction control signal is high level, left upper arm switch element control signal end input high level controls left upper arm switching elements conductive, right upper arm switch element control signal end input low level controls right upper arm switch element and turns off, and arm switch element controling signal end input in lower-left is low level control lower-left arm switch element OFF by clamper.External drive duty cycle control signal inputs H bridge driving control unit by driving duty cycle control signal input 100.
Control logic according to H bridge driving control unit: two switch elements of H bridge driver element homonymy can not conducting simultaneously, the upper arm switching element of two branch roads can not conducting simultaneously, and the underarm switch element of two branch roads can not conducting simultaneously.Namely, when a driving branch road in H bridge driver element there being one or two switching elements conductive, H bridge driving control unit stops two switching elements conductive on another driving branch road, thus realizes self-protection function.
H-bridge drive circuit all working state is as shown in the table.
.。
Claims (2)
1. a self-protection H bridge drive circuit, comprise: by two driver output terminals, the H bridge driver element of four switch element formations and H bridge driving control unit, it is characterized in that, four switch elements are on diagonal, the switch element of left upper arm and bottom right arm forms bottom right, a upper left and drives branch road, the switch element of right upper arm and lower-left arm forms a upper right lower-left and drives branch road, above-mentioned two driving branch roads and load drive current direction control by H bridge driving control unit, realize alternate conduction, in same driving branch road, a switch element control load drive current exports, another switch element control load drive current duty ratio, when a driving branch road in H bridge driver element there being one or two switching elements conductive, H bridge driving control unit stops two switching elements conductive on another driving branch road, realizes self-protection function.
2. self-protection H bridge drive circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: H bridge driver element adopts an inverter passage, two comparator passages and four resistance are built into independently switch element driver circuit, when in H bridge driver element, when a driving branch road having one or two switching elements conductive, H bridge driving control unit stops two switching elements conductive on another driving branch road, only have when the conducting simultaneously of two switch elements, load drive circuit circuit just forms by " driving power+" path to " driving power-", realize load drive current pulse-width modulation (PWM) to control.
3. self-protection H bridge drive circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: H bridge driving control unit comprises: the comparator passage that comparator A is connected with comparator B forward end be connected in comparator A and comparator B negative end comparator passage mutually and divider resistance R1 on interface line, divider resistance R2, and the current-limiting resistance R3 be connected in parallel between comparator A and comparator B backward end, be connected in parallel on inverter positive input and and comparator B inverse output terminal between current-limiting resistance R3, current-limiting resistance R4, wherein, current-limiting resistance R3 has built an inverter passage by inverter and current-limiting resistance R4.
4. self-protection H bridge drive circuit as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: comparator A is connected with comparator B positive input, connects simultaneously and drives duty cycle control signal input (100); Comparator A is connected with comparator B negative input, the tie point simultaneously connecting divider resistance R1 and divider resistance R2 accesses the voltage signal (101) obtained from VCC dividing potential drop by divider resistance R1 and divider resistance R2, for identifying the low and high level driving duty cycle control signal.
5. self-protection H bridge drive circuit as claimed in claim 4; it is characterized in that: comparator A(104) output to be connected inverter output (103) by current-limiting resistance R3; connect lower-left arm switch element controling signal end; inverter input (102) connects left upper arm switch element control signal end; when the input (102) of inverter is for time high, control left upper arm switching elements conductive.
6. self-protection H bridge drive circuit as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: comparator B output (105) to be connected inverter input (102) by current-limiting resistance R4, connects bottom right arm switch element controling signal end.
7. self-protection H bridge drive circuit as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: inverter output (103) is connected right upper arm switch element control signal end, when the output (103) of inverter is for time high, and control right upper arm switching elements conductive.
8. self-protection H bridge drive circuit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the input (102) of inverter is connected with left upper arm switch element control signal end, the output (103) of inverter is connected with right upper arm switch element control signal end.
9. self-protection H bridge drive circuit as claimed in claim 8; it is characterized in that: external drive direction control signal inputs H bridge driving control unit by the input (102) of inverter; when external drive direction control signal is high level; left upper arm switch element control signal end input high level controls left upper arm switching elements conductive; right upper arm switch element control signal end input low level controls right upper arm switch element and turns off, and arm switch element controling signal end input in lower-left is low level control lower-left arm switch element OFF by clamper.
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| CN201310476158.1A CN103580464B (en) | 2013-10-13 | 2013-10-13 | Self-protection H bridge drive circuit |
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| CN201310476158.1A CN103580464B (en) | 2013-10-13 | 2013-10-13 | Self-protection H bridge drive circuit |
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| CN103580464A CN103580464A (en) | 2014-02-12 |
| CN103580464B true CN103580464B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106803729A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-06 | 国家电网公司 | Self-shield direct current motor drive circuit and direct current drive twist grinding machine |
| CN109656282A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-19 | 湖南中部芯谷科技有限公司 | A kind of optical fibre gyro thermoelectric cooling driver |
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| EP0160896A2 (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1985-11-13 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Current flow reversing circuit |
| US6664750B2 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-12-16 | Pelko Electric (Hk) Ltd. | D.C. motor bridge coil driver |
| CN201282438Y (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2009-07-29 | 耿乐 | H bridge DC motor drive circuit |
| CN202261207U (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-05-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十八研究所 | High-speed complementary switch drive circuit with dead zone enhanced protection |
| CN102570970A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-11 | 成都启臣微电子有限公司 | H bridge motor driver and motor equipment |
| CN202586764U (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-12-05 | 绍兴光大芯业微电子有限公司 | H bridge output circuit driven by motor |
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2013
- 2013-10-13 CN CN201310476158.1A patent/CN103580464B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0160896A2 (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1985-11-13 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Current flow reversing circuit |
| US6664750B2 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-12-16 | Pelko Electric (Hk) Ltd. | D.C. motor bridge coil driver |
| CN201282438Y (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2009-07-29 | 耿乐 | H bridge DC motor drive circuit |
| CN202261207U (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-05-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十八研究所 | High-speed complementary switch drive circuit with dead zone enhanced protection |
| CN102570970A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-11 | 成都启臣微电子有限公司 | H bridge motor driver and motor equipment |
| CN202586764U (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-12-05 | 绍兴光大芯业微电子有限公司 | H bridge output circuit driven by motor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 一种基于H桥的功率驱动芯片的设计与仿真;黄子涵;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 信息科技辑》;20130715;第2013年卷(第7期);第I135-365页 * |
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