CN103572559B - A kind of dry-cleaning method and dry-cleaning apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of dry-cleaning method and dry-cleaning apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103572559B CN103572559B CN201210269239.XA CN201210269239A CN103572559B CN 103572559 B CN103572559 B CN 103572559B CN 201210269239 A CN201210269239 A CN 201210269239A CN 103572559 B CN103572559 B CN 103572559B
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- naphtha
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F43/00—Dry-cleaning apparatus or methods using volatile solvents
- D06F43/007—Dry cleaning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F43/00—Dry-cleaning apparatus or methods using volatile solvents
- D06F43/08—Associated apparatus for handling and recovering the solvents
- D06F43/081—Reclaiming or recovering the solvent from a mixture of solvent and contaminants, e.g. by distilling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Accessory Of Washing/Drying Machine, Commercial Washing/Drying Machine, Other Washing/Drying Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of dry-cleaning method and dry-cleaning apparatus, using the mixture of lemon oil and water as DC naphtha, specifically include：Washings and DC naphtha are put into into cylindric washer, washings is immersed in into the step in the DC naphtha；The washings is made to stir the step of being washed in the DC naphtha；The step of washings is separated with the DC naphtha.The present invention uses the mixture of department of botany's varsol lemon oil and water of pure natural environment protection as DC naphtha, lemon oil is nontoxic, nuisanceless and free from environmental pollution, with natural faint scent, it is more conducive to remove dust and water miscible spot with aqueous mixtures, coordinate oil stain and dirt that washing assisant more effectively can be removed in clothing again, using environmental protection, safety, and wash degree can be improved, make it possible to be widely used in industrial dry cleaner and family's dry cleaner.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of use DC naphtha is cleaned to clothing and the dry-cleaning method that is dried and dry-cleaning apparatus, category
In dry cleaning technology field.
Background technology
The dry-cleaning apparatus cleaned to clothing by existing use solvent include：Solvent stock case, solvent pump, washing rolling
Cylinder, fan, heater, cooling device, distiller, oil water separator, vavuum pump etc..Its dry cleaning processes is substantially：In solvent tank
Solvent Jing pipeline Jing pumps enter in cleaning-drum, realize the feed liquor washing of solvent, after washing is finished, dry de- liquid, solvent Jing
Fluid reservoir is flow to, realizes that solvent is separated with clothes.During drying, fan work, the heated device of cold wind become hot-air and enter rolling
In cylinder, solvent vapo(u)r is taken away by hot blast by leakage fluid dram, into the air duct of condenser, after the condensed device of vapours, solvent
Cooling flow to solvent stock case, continuous being circulated in air channel repeatedly of air, the recovery of solvent during so as to realizing drying.Steam
When evaporating recycling design, waste liquid is pumped out from fluid reservoir, and in distiller, in still-process, solvent vapo(u)r is from gas outlet
Jing steam condensers are cooled to liquid, and Jing oil water separators realize in flowing to liquid reserve tank that the purification of solvent is reclaimed.
In existing dry-cleaning apparatus, DC naphtha, adopting chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent more（Such as tetrachloro-ethylene）, hydrocarbon solvent, silica
Alkyl solvents（Such as the decamethylcyclopentaandoxane of chemical synthesis（D5）Solvent）, liquid CO 2, several classes such as alcohol ether solvents, these are done
All there are some problems in the problem for washing the feature of environmental protection of solvent presence, security and clean aspect, limit which in family's dry-cleaning
Using.It is specific as follows：
1st, using chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent such as tetrachloroethylene solvent as DC naphtha dry cleaner, but tetrachloroethylene solvent is deposited
It is being detrimental to health, is polluting environment, polluted underground water is damaging aquatic organism, causing the harm of kinds cancer, therefore many countries
Have begun to be phased out such dry cleaner within following twenty or thirty year.
2nd, using hydrocarbon solvent as DC naphtha dry cleaner namely what is often called petroleum dry-washer, ability of cleaning greasy dirt be not so good as four
Vinyl chloride, aqueous spot dirt-removing power are also very poor, and flash-point is relatively low, and gasoline taste is big, secure context existing problems, deposit user
In huge psychological pressure.The kind equipment must be equipped with the fire-proof and explosion-proof functions such as vacuum distillation, nitrogen covering.
3rd, using siloxy group solvent as DC naphtha dry cleaner, degreasing and aqueous stain it is poor, it is difficult to
Wash clean is compared with soiled clothes.
4th, using liquid CO 2 solvent as DC naphtha dry cleaner, it is necessary to have the very high pressure compression carbon dioxide to be
Liquid, equipment need high-pressure installation, and machine is huge and there is potential safety hazard.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily aimed at solving the above problems and not enough, there is provided it is a kind of using environmental protection, safety, and can improve and wash
The dry-cleaning method and dry-cleaning apparatus of cleanliness.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of dry-cleaning method, comprises the steps：
Washings and DC naphtha are put into into cylindric washer, washings are immersed in the DC naphtha, the dry-cleaning
Solvent includes the mixture of lemon oil and water；
Make the washings stir in the DC naphtha to be washed；
The washings is separated with the DC naphtha.
Further, the content of the water is equal to or less than 10%.
Further, the content of the water is 2%-5%.
Further, in the lemon oil, the content comprising D- limonene compositions is more than or equal to 95%.
Further, the content of the D- limonenes composition is 98%-99%.
Further, washing assisant is also included in the DC naphtha.
Further, the washing assisant comprising builder, cleaning agent, antistatic additive, surfactant, fabric softener,
Any one or more composition in brightening agent, disinfectant, anti redeposition agent, essence.
Further, the washing assisant accounts for the 0.01%-10% of the DC naphtha gross weight.
Further, the washing assisant accounts for the 2%-5.5% of the DC naphtha gross weight.
Further, the washings and the weight ratio of DC naphtha are 1：5 to 1：15.
Further, the washings and the weight ratio of DC naphtha are 1：8 to 1：12.
Further, the wash time is 5-20 minutes.
Further, the washings is separated with the DC naphtha by way of centrifugation.
Further, after centrifugation, in the washings, the amount of remaining DC naphtha is less than the DC naphtha gross weight
The 10% of amount.
Further, after centrifugation, the regeneration for carrying out the DC naphtha using distillation or the mode for filtering is purified back
Receive.
The present invention another technical scheme be：
A kind of dry-cleaning apparatus, used in the dry-cleaning apparatus, the mixture of lemon oil and water is used as DC naphtha.
To sum up content, a kind of dry-cleaning method of the present invention and dry-cleaning apparatus, using department of botany's hydrocarbon of pure natural environment protection
, used as DC naphtha, lemon oil is nontoxic, nuisanceless and free from environmental pollution for the mixture of class solvent lemon oil and water, with natural clear
Fragrance, is more conducive to remove dust and water miscible spot with aqueous mixtures, then coordinates washing assisant more can effectively remove clothing
Oil stain and dirt in thing, using environmental protection, safety, and can improve wash degree, make it possible to be widely used in industrial dry cleaner and
Family's dry cleaner.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the washing flow figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
It is described in detail by taking roller washing machine as an example below.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of dry-cleaning method and dry-cleaning apparatus, using lemon oil wash washings, washings includes various
Textile fabrics, they include various natural and synthetic fibers, such as cotton, wool, silk, artificial silk, polyester, nylon, acetate,
Polyolefin, acrylic fibers, spandex and similar blending have the product of this fiber.Applicable fabric purposes includes clothes and clothing annex,
Bedding, furniture, carpet, wall cloth, curtain, napkin, tablecloth etc., the method also individually can be dry-cleaned for fabric
Wool fiber.
Lemon oil is department of botany hydro carbons DC naphtha, and its main chemical compositions is D- limonenes, and D- limonene compositions contain
Amount is more than or equal to 95%, and optimum value is 98%-99%.Lemon oil is refined by distillation in oranges and tangerines, shaddock, lemon class fruit peel
Obtain, in the pericarp, 90% is D- limonenes, and remaining is alcohol, aldehyde and fat etc., therefore D- limonenes have oranges and tangerines（Lemon）Fruit is fragrant
Taste, and it is nontoxic, nuisanceless, free from environmental pollution, with natural faint scent, which does not damage fabric, does not cause shrink.Lemon oil is to oil
The intermiscibility of fat is very strong, is filtered by cotton yarn, can be separated greasy dirt, and decontamination of deoiling is very capable, can effectively remove clothing
In oil stain and dirt, it is and reusable.Waste liquid can not result in pollution with biodegradable, and expenses of environmental protection is low.
Lemon oil itself is water insoluble, but is more conducive to remove the dust in washings and water miscible dirt after mixing with water
Stain, in the present embodiment, includes the mixture of lemon oil and water, but moisture in DC naphtha for the DC naphtha in dry-cleaning apparatus
Content be difficult excessively, excess moisture is then easily caused many fabrics（Such as cotton and wool）Shrink, in the present embodiment, water
Content is preferably equal to or smaller than 10%, and optimum value is 2%-5%, and the ratio is weight percentage.To ensure clean result, in dry-cleaning
In solvent, lemon oil proportion cannot be below 90%.
Washings is 1 with the weight ratio of DC naphtha：5 to 1：15, wherein, preferred weight ratio is 1：8 to 1：12, optimum value
For 1：10.
Washings is made to stir in DC naphtha, the wash time washed is 5-20 minutes, wash time and washing
The material of the weight and washings of thing is relevant.
The mixture for being mixed using above-mentioned lemon oil and water by a certain percentage as DC naphtha, in clean rate, contracting
The aspects such as water rate, acetes chinensis, all with more preferable clean result, have this experimentation and experimental data are as follows：
A, the measure for cleaning rate：
Using a kind of standard cotton cloth with 15 kinds of different spots, 22 × 22 centimetres of stainless steel cloth is made for
Cloth, is placed in one three liters of stirring container, adds 600 grams of solvent.Rotation makes solvent penetrate wire side, and 40 revs/min of rotating speed is stirred
Mix 10 minutes.It is dried at room temperature for overnight after drying.The Testing index cleaned as spot using APHA color.Total color removal
The result of rate is displayed in table 1.
Table 1
B, the measure for cleaning rate：
By worsted flannel sample cloth（Neutral oil content<0.5%;Testfabrics companies provide）Upper drafting one is square
Shape pattern（20 × 20 centimetres, measure warp thread and weft direction size）It is immersed in 600g solvents, 40 revs/min of rotating speed stirs 10 points
Clock.Sample cloth is taken out, wet cloth is dried 30 minutes at 50 DEG C, is then dried at room temperature for overnight.By the length for measuring warp thread and weft yarn
Degree change, it is then determined that square pattern change in size.
Under each condition, size changing rate（%）= [（A - B）/ A] × 100%, wherein A be cleaning before size, B
It is the size after cleaning.The result for shrinking test is displayed in table 2.
Table 2
The method of C, the detection of aberration except measuring APHA colors, can also use color difference meter CIE L*a*b*.Light source：
D65.Observation
Angle：10 degree.All of measurement is using mirror-reflection pattern.
Whitness index（WI）：
WI = 0.01×L*（L* -5.7 b*）
100=magnesia is white, 0=black.
Table 3
In order to further improve the clean result of DC naphtha, to remove the various dirts in washings, washing is such as removed
Ink, fat, paint, tar, water-soluble stain, coffee stain and pitch in thing etc., in the present embodiment, also select in DC naphtha
Various washing assisants have been dosed selecting property, washing assisant can select to dry-clean the conventional washing assisant of industry.Washing assisant is included and is helped
In lotion, cleaning agent, antistatic additive, surfactant, fabric softener, brightening agent, disinfectant, anti redeposition agent, essence
Any one or more composition.Builder may be selected organic solvent, such as glycol ether, ethylene glycol esters, glycol ether ester,
Alcohols（The fatty alcohols such as ethanol）, hydrocarbon, or similar compound and its mixture.
Above-mentioned washing assisant accounts for the 0.01%-10% of DC naphtha gross weight, wherein, preferably account for 2%-5.5%.
Using above-mentioned lemon oil and the mixture of water, appropriate washing assisant is added, washing assisant is surfactant
Form with builder compounding, the weight for accounting for DC naphtha gross weight by each composition is exemplified below than preparation：
Table 4
| DC naphtha | A | B | C | D | E |
| Lemon oil | 96 | 94 | 93.5 | 91.8 | 90 |
| Water | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 3.5 | 5 |
| Surfactant | 2 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 3 |
| Builder | 0 | 0.7 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
Load cloth and DC naphtha part by weight 1:10, wash from 10 minutes, dry 2 minutes, then to loading cloth and doing
Wash solvent drying.After washing terminates, DC naphtha A, B, C, D, E are washed to peanut oil, chilli oil, soy sauce, coffee and blueberry juice
Net energy power is greatly improved, and all spots can be reached with clean effect, and washings does not have shrink phenomenon.
Lemon oil can be used in any industry dry cleaner and Domestic dry washing machine as DC naphtha.
The step of below according to, shown in Fig. 1, the dry-cleaning method is described in detail：
The input of step one, DC naphtha and washings：
The cylindric washer of dry cleaner is divided into inner barrel of washing and washing outer tube, is provided with several permeable on the inwall of inner barrel of washing
Hole, passes through for DC naphtha, and washings is put in the inner barrel of washing of dry cleaner, by solvent pump by solvent storage tank
Solvent is put into washing outer tube, and solvent is mixed through the inside that the permeable hole of inner barrel of washing enters inner barrel of washing with washings,
Washings soaks in a solvent.
Washings is 1 than selection with the weight of DC naphtha：10.
The composition of DC naphtha is preferred：93.5% lemon oil, 3% water, 2.5% surfactant, 1% help are washed
Agent.
The washing of step 2, washings：
After feed liquor terminates, solvent pump is closed, simultaneously close off related valve, inner barrel of washing rotation is driven by driving means
Turn, washings overturns agitation in DC naphtha, and DC naphtha is penetrated in fabric, removes the various spots on fabric, spot
Shed in DC naphtha, kept for the time that fabric is persistently washed in DC naphtha be 10 minutes, complete washing for washings
Wash.
Step 3, drying and de- liquid：
After washing terminates, the liquid valve with washing outer tube is opened, the solvent waste liquid in outer tube is washed through filter, filtered
Absorbent material is filled with device, to remove the moisture content in solvent waste liquid, solvent waste liquid is finally entered to solvent stock case, completed
The initial gross separation of solvent and washings.
To be dried by clean washings, i.e., washings separated with DC naphtha by way of centrifugation,
The time of drying is preferably 1-3 minutes, and the rotating speed of inner barrel of washing is preferably 400-750rpm, and the solvent after centrifugation flows back into
In solvent stock case, after drying, it is ensured that in washings, the quantity of solvent of remaining is less than 10%.
Step 4, evaporation and drying：
Convey the hot-air after heating to cylindric washer interior circulation, the temperature of hot-air about between 45-60 DEG C, to washing
The DC naphtha of washings and remaining in cylinder carries out heating, drying, and solvent raffinates flash to solvent in the presence of hot-air
Steam, exhaust outlet of the solvent vapo(u)r from washing outer tube are discharged, and into cooling device, solvent vapo(u)r are condensed into solvent liquid,
Oil water separator is entered back into, the solvent liquid in oil water separator is back to for storing in the solvent stock case of neat solvent, oil
The water that separator is separated is drained by drainpipe.
In drying course, can carry out under atmospheric pressure state, in the present embodiment preferably, using vavuum pump in cylindric washer and
Forming part negative pressure in pipeline, to accelerate drying process, shortens drying time.
After drying course terminates, there is a process for cooling to washings, this temperature-fall period can adopt nature
Cooling, it is also possible to by forcing to realize air in cylindric washer and pipeline interior circulation, treat that the temperature of washings is below or near to body
Temperature（The body temperature of common people is about 36.5 DEG C）When, washings is further taken out, can so prevent washings from wrinkling.
The acquirement of hot-air can be by following several ways：
Mode one：Heater is set in pipeline, using blower fan, the air after heater is heated is transported to cylindric washer
It is interior.
Mode two：The kind of refrigeration cycle system being made up of compressor, restricting element, evaporimeter and condenser is set in dry cleaner
The cooling device united as solvent vapo(u)r, carries out condensation liquefaction to solvent vapo(u)r using the evaporimeter in cooling cycle system, together
The gas of the HTHP that Shi Liyong compressors are discharged carries out heat exchange in the condenser with the air of surrounding, and then heats empty
Gas, and the air after heating is delivered in cylindric washer solvent and washings are dried, so not only can with simple flow,
Reduce equipment volume, can be with energy saving.
Step 5, the purifying of solvent are reclaimed：
DC naphtha can be recycled some cycles, and 20-30 cycle period typically can be recycled, when molten using dry-cleaning
After agent some cycles（Certainly the purifying for carrying out DC naphtha is reclaimed and can be carried out according to the needs of user）, need to DC naphtha
Purifying recycling is carried out, thoroughly to remove the dirt and/or moisture content that enter in DC naphtha after washing terminates.
Purifying recovery can be realized by distiller is arranged in dry cleaner, or heater is set in the solvent stock case will
Solvent stock case is realized as distiller.Solvent vapo(u)r after heating is condensed by cooling device, condensed solvent liquid,
Into oil water separator, the solvent liquid in oil water separator is back to for storing in the solvent stock case of neat solvent, profit
The water that separator is separated is drained by drainpipe.Wherein, cooling device can also be using in above-mentioned cooling cycle system
Evaporimeter realizing.
Purifying recovery can also realize by connecting multistage filtering unit in solvent stock case that multistage filtering unit is mutually gone here and there
Connect in succession, multistage filtering unit is at least including centrifugal filter, the single filter unit for filtering granule foreign, for eliminating water
The cascade filtration unit of oil removing.Single filter unit adopts stainless steel cloth or non-woven fabrics or the material such as Nomex or PP plastics
Material, cascade filtration unit can adopt active carbon filter, activated alumina filter, silica gel filter, silica filtration
One or more in device, anhydrous chlorine water calcium filter, molecular sieve, super absorbent resin are composed in series, to remove in solvent
Water, oil and other organic matters.
After purifying is reclaimed, DC naphtha is pure lemon oil solvent, and now, if necessary to recycling, the dry-cleaning is molten
Agent, is necessarily drawn to in pure lemon oil dose a certain amount of water.
As described above, combining the plan content given by accompanying drawing, similar technical scheme can be derived.In every case it is not de-
From the content of technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification above example made according to the technical spirit of the present invention, etc.
With change and modification, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of dry-cleaning method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
Washings and DC naphtha are put into into cylindric washer, washings are immersed in the DC naphtha, the DC naphtha
For the mixture of lemon oil, water and washing assisant, the water account for the ratio of the DC naphtha gross weight be equal to or less than 10%,
The washing assisant accounts for the 0.01%-10% of the DC naphtha gross weight, and lemon oil accounts for the ratio of the DC naphtha gross weight
Example is not less than 90%；
Make the washings stir in the DC naphtha to be washed；
The washings is separated with the DC naphtha.
2. dry-cleaning method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The content of the water is 2%-5%.
3. dry-cleaning method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：D- limonene compositions are included in the lemon oil
Content be more than or equal to 95%.
4. dry-cleaning method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The content of the D- limonenes composition is 98%-
99%.
5. dry-cleaning method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The washing assisant includes builder, cleaning agent, resists
Any one or more in electrostatic agent, surfactant, fabric softener, brightening agent, disinfectant, anti redeposition agent, essence
Composition.
6. dry-cleaning method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The washing assisant accounts for the DC naphtha gross weight
2%-5.5%.
7. dry-cleaning method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The weight ratio of the washings and DC naphtha
For 1：5 to 1：15.
8. dry-cleaning method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The washings is 1 with the weight ratio of DC naphtha：
8 to 1：12.
9. dry-cleaning method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The wash time is 5-20 minutes.
10. dry-cleaning method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：By the washing by way of centrifugation
Thing is separated with the DC naphtha.
11. dry-cleaning methods according to claim 10, it is characterised in that：After centrifugation, remaining in the washings
The amount of DC naphtha less than the DC naphtha gross weight 10%.
12. dry-cleaning methods according to claim 10, it is characterised in that：After centrifugation, using distillation or filter
Mode carries out the regeneration purifying of the DC naphtha and reclaims.
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| CN108532237B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2024-02-13 | 浙江喜创联电子商务有限公司 | Curtain dry cleaning equipment |
| CN110872770A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-10 | 美丰工业有限公司 | Dry cleaning machine, dry cleaning system and dry cleaning method |
| CN111020995A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-17 | 江苏汇布洗涤机械制造有限公司 | Assembly line type dry cleaning equipment |
| CN112410139A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-02-26 | 唐铁君 | Water-based dry cleaning agent composition and using method thereof |
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| CN1780956A (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2006-05-31 | 莱舍染业公司 | Naturally aqueous compositions and machines for dry cleaning textiles and leather |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1780956A (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2006-05-31 | 莱舍染业公司 | Naturally aqueous compositions and machines for dry cleaning textiles and leather |
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