CN103560023A - Three-fracture double-acting type high-speed permanent magnet repulsion switch and method thereof - Google Patents
Three-fracture double-acting type high-speed permanent magnet repulsion switch and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种三断口双动式高速永磁斥力开关及方法，属于直流开关技术领域。包括开关本体、高速电磁斥力机构、永磁操动机构、触头弹簧、绝缘拉杆、分闸驱动电路、合闸驱动电路、检测单元和控制单元；动触头通过触头弹簧连接到绝缘拉杆的一端，绝缘拉杆的另一端与驱动杆相连，驱动杆穿过高速电磁斥力机构中的金属盘与动铁芯相连；控制单元分别连接检测单元、分闸驱动电路和合闸驱动电路；分闸驱动电路连接分闸线圈，合闸驱动电路连接合闸线圈。本发明在短时间内形成大开距的断口距离，提高了开关的分闸速度；同时，开关采用两个动触头和两个静触头依次接触，分闸操作时式，解决了多台开关单独驱动的动作分散性等问题。
A three-fracture double-action high-speed permanent magnet repulsion switch and its method belong to the technical field of DC switches. Including switch body, high-speed electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, permanent magnet operating mechanism, contact spring, insulating pull rod, opening drive circuit, closing drive circuit, detection unit and control unit; the moving contact is connected to the insulating pull rod through the contact spring One end, the other end of the insulating pull rod is connected with the driving rod, and the driving rod passes through the metal plate in the high-speed electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and is connected with the moving iron core; the control unit is respectively connected with the detection unit, the opening drive circuit and the closing drive circuit; the opening drive circuit The opening coil is connected, and the closing drive circuit is connected to the closing coil. The invention forms a fracture distance with a large opening distance in a short time, which improves the opening speed of the switch; at the same time, the switch uses two moving contacts and two static contacts to contact in sequence, and the opening operation mode solves the problem of multiple Issues such as the dispersion of actions driven by switches alone.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to DC switch technical field, particularly a kind of three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switch and methods.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of DC power-supply system capacity, system short-circuit levels of current also constantly increases, and this just has higher requirement to the service behaviour of DC circuit breaker.Solid-state switch can, at microsecond time stage disengagement failure electric current, have the Arc-free advantage of interrupting process.But its on-state loss is large, load capacity is poor, and withstand voltage level is low.Traditional have that contact mechanical type circuit breaker insulation level is high, carrying load ability is strong, but be generally tens its operate time to hundreds of millisecond, and be subject to intrinsic restriction operate time of mechanism, and response speed is slower.
Mixed type DC circuit breaker is comprised of above-mentioned two kinds of switches.Under nominal situation, operating current is born by the bypass at mechanical switch place.While being short-circuited fault, the auxiliary switch of bypass is disengagement failure electric current first, by current switching to main switch place circuit.The rapid separating brake action of high speed machine switch simultaneously, fault current is cut off by main switch.Overvoltage and energy that interrupting process produces are limited and are absorbed by energy-absorbing loop.Mixed type DC circuit breaker combines the advantage of mechanical switch and solid state switch, can realize without electric arc, cut-offfing short circuit current fast, and be the inevitable direction of DC switch technical development.Wherein, the research of high speed machine switch is one of key technology of mixed type DC circuit breaker.
Traditional breaker operation mechanism, as slower in the response speed of hydraulic mechanism and spring mechanism, be difficult to reach requirement operate time of DC circuit breaker high speed mechanical switch.And the design of the high speed machine switch proposing at present adopts the contact form of single action dock mostly, even if operating mechanism has possessed higher opening velocity, also be difficult to form in the short time fracture distance of large opening, this is also that current quick electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism is only in the main cause of mesolow area research; And the mode of cut-offfing that adopts many switches to connect, although can realize multi-break dividing potential drop, has been brought the problems such as unsteadiness that between the dispersiveness of switch single movement and switch, action coordinates.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that prior art exists, propose a kind of three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switch and methods simple in structure, by the bidirectional-movement of two contacts, form at short notice the fracture distance of large opening, improved the opening velocity of switch; Simultaneously, switch adopts two moving contacts to contact successively with two fixed contacts, during sub-switching operation, can between contact, form the insulation isolation of three fractures, the mode of cut-offfing that replaces adopting many switch series connection with a switch, has solved many problems such as action dispersiveness that switch drives separately.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs, comprising:
Switch main body: for by two moving contact motions of direction in opposite directions, realize the closure of three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs, to bear the operating current of system; By two rightabout motions of moving contact, realize the insulation isolation of three fracture large openings of three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs;
Control unit: for according to the detection signal of detecting unit, combined floodgate drive circuit or separating brake drive circuit are controlled;
Detecting unit: be used for detecting the position signalling of insulated tension pole, notice control unit three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs are in "on" position or gate-dividing state;
Separating brake drive circuit: for the sub-gate signal of reception control unit, drive high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism to carry out sub-switching operation;
Combined floodgate drive circuit: for the switching signal of reception control unit, drive permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism to carry out closing operation;
Insulated tension pole: for when high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism moves, drive moving contact to relative or rightabout motion;
High speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism: for receiving the current signal of separating brake drive circuit, carry out sub-switching operation;
Permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism: for receiving the current signal of combined floodgate drive circuit, carry out closing operation;
Three described fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs comprise Switch main body, high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism, permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism, touch spring, insulated tension pole, separating brake drive circuit, combined floodgate drive circuit, detecting unit and control unit; Moving contact in described Switch main body is connected to one end of insulated tension pole by touch spring, the other end of insulated tension pole is connected with drive rod, and drive rod, through the metal dish in high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism, is connected with the moving iron core in permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism; The suction of permanent magnet in permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism to moving iron core, can make two moving contacts in the later stage of separating brake or combined floodgate, remains on separating brake or combined floodgate terminal location separately; Control unit connects respectively detecting unit, two component lock drive circuits and two combination lock drive circuits; Separating brake drive circuit connects switching winding again, and combined floodgate drive circuit connects closing coil again.
Described Switch main body mainly can self-movement by metal enclosed container, two fixed contacts and two moving contact form, wherein, one end of each fixed contact is all connected with outside bus, and the other end of each fixed contact is connected with moving contact, in described metal enclosed container, is full of SF
6gas.
Described two fixed contacts and two can independently moving moving contact, when switch separating brake, high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism drives the motion round about simultaneously of two moving contacts, separated with two fixed contacts, forms the insulation isolation of three fracture large openings simultaneously; When switch closes a floodgate, permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism drives two moving contact relative motions, completes closing operation.
Described high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism is mainly comprised of switching winding, metal dish and drive rod;
Described switching winding adopts the copper bar coiling of parallel placement to form; Metal dish material is red copper, the disk of boring a hole centered by metal dish; Between switching winding and metal dish, there is certain air gap distance; Described drive rod passes this metal dish and fixes with metal dish.
Described permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism is comprised of closing coil, permanent magnet, moving iron core and static iron core, and closing coil and permanent magnet are separately fixed on the static iron core of permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism, and moving iron core is connected with high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism by drive rod.
One end of described insulated tension pole connects moving contact, and the other end connects the drive rod of high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism, the contact bounce of touch spring when preventing from closing a floodgate is installed between insulated tension pole and moving contact, and certain combined floodgate precompression is provided.
Described every component lock drive circuit is comprised of charging capacitor, thyristor and fly-wheel diode, and described charging capacitor is when switch separating brake, for high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism provides electric energy; Every combination lock drive circuit is comprised of charging capacitor and thyristor, and described charging capacitor is when switch closes a floodgate, for permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism provides electric energy.
Described detecting unit is used for detecting dividing or closing position of insulated tension pole, and send position signalling to control unit, control unit is controlled the conducting of separating brake drive circuit or combined floodgate drive circuit according to the position signalling receiving: when insulated tension pole is in combined floodgate terminal location, during next sub-switching operation, control unit is by the separating brake drive circuit of conducting high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism; When insulated tension pole is in separating brake terminal location, during next closing operation, control unit is by the combined floodgate drive circuit of conducting permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism.
A control method for three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs, process is:
Quick acting switching-off operating process is as follows:
Detecting unit detects current insulated tension pole and is in closing position, during sub-switching operation, control unit is controlled the thyristor conducting in separating brake drive circuit, charging capacitor in drive circuit is to the switching winding electric discharge of high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism, in coil, the climbing speed of electric current is exceedingly fast, at coil, produce the high frequency magnetic field of alternation around, and then induction generates eddy current in copper dish; At eddy current, produce magnetic field and produce under the interaction in magnetic field with coil, between copper dish and switching winding, produce electromagnetic repulsion force, promote copper dish and fixing drive rod high-speed motion with it, drive insulated tension pole and moving contact move; Two moving contacts move simultaneously round about, form at short notice the fracture distance of large opening, realize the quick acting switching-off operation of switch; In separating brake latter stage, the moving iron core in permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism is pull-in on open position by permanent magnet, and the separating brake of realizing switch keeps.
Closing operation process is as follows:
Detecting unit detects current insulated tension pole and is in open position, during closing operation, control unit is controlled the thyristor conducting in combined floodgate drive circuit, charging capacitor in drive circuit is to the closing coil electric discharge of permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism, closing coil produces the magnetic field with permanent magnet opposite direction, permanent magnet reduces moving suction unshakable in one's determination at open position place, when electric current increases gradually, when the electromagnetic attraction producing is greater than mechanism's counter-force and permanent magnet suction, moving iron core starts to be moved to closing position by open position, drive drive rod, insulated tension pole and moving contact action, now two moving contact relative motions simultaneously, realize the closing operation of switch, closing a floodgate latter stage, closing coil power-off, moving iron core is pull-in on closing position by permanent magnet, and the combined floodgate of realizing switch keeps.
Described touch spring, for moving contact provides precompression, prevents contact bounce, and touch spring can also absorb the part kinetic energy of moving component simultaneously, reduces the impact to Switch main body at combined floodgate anaphase movement parts.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switch and the methods that the present invention proposes, have the following advantages:
1) Switch main body adopts two moving contact structures, and each moving contact is driven by high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism and permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism separately respectively.During switch motion, two moving contact motions round about respectively, the speed of related movement between contact is the twice of traditional switch speed.
2) adopt two fixed contacts, two moving contacts to clap the contact form of the formula that connects, during the action of switch separating brake, two moving contacts move simultaneously, can form rapidly in the short time insulation isolation of three fracture large openings, the mode of cut-offfing that replaces adopting a plurality of switch series connection with a switch, has solved many switches dispersion problem of operation separately.
3) adopt high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism driving switch to carry out sub-switching operation, have advantages of simple in structure, opening velocity is fast., because the switching winding of high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism adopts copper bar coiling, form, inductance and the resistance of coil are very little meanwhile, Current rise speed is exceedingly fast, the response of high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism is fast, can effectively reduce the intrinsic operate time of switch, has improved the breaking capacity of switch.
4) rely on the suction of permanent magnet to moving iron core in permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism, can realize the maintenance to switch Contact Breaking/Making Operations lock terminal location, saved brake apparatus, have simple in structure, the advantage that reliability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiments of the present invention three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switch overall structure schematic diagrames;
Fig. 2 is Switch main body structure chart in embodiments of the present invention three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs;
Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the one-sided three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs of embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is embodiments of the present invention separating brake electromagnetic repulsion force curve synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is embodiments of the present invention combined floodgate electromagnetic attraction curve synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.
The three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs that present embodiment adopts as shown in Figure 1, comprise Switch main body 1, metal enclosed container 2, moving contact 3 (two groups), fixed contact 4 (two groups), touch spring 5 (two groups), insulated tension pole 6 (two groups), high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism 7 (two groups), permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism 8 (two groups), combined floodgate drive circuit 9 (two groups), separating brake drive circuit 10 (two groups), detecting unit 11 and control unit 12.Switch in present embodiment is symmetrical structure, and wherein each moving contact is furnished with a high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism and permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism.
The structural representation of Switch main body 1 as shown in Figure 2, comprises metal enclosed container 2, two fixed contacts (fixed contact 4 and fixed contact 21) and two moving contacts (moving contact 3 and moving contact 20).The inert gas that is full of good insulation preformance in metal enclosed container 2, adopts SF in present embodiment
6gas.One end of fixed contact 21 connects outside bus, and the other end connects one end of moving contact 20, and the other end of moving contact 20 connects one end of moving contact 3, and the other end of moving contact 3 connects one end of fixed contact 4, and the other end of fixed contact 4 connects outside bus.Switch is when closing position, and two moving contacts contact to clap the form connecing with fixed contact respectively; When receiving sub-gate signal, two moving contacts move simultaneously round about, form the fracture distance of large opening in 1ms, realize the quick acting switching-off of switch.
In present embodiment, take a combination lock drive circuit and separating brake drive circuit is example, the detailed structure of three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs is described, specifically as shown in Figure 3.Mainly the static iron core 19 by the moving iron core 17 of one-sided moving contact 3, touch spring 5, insulated tension pole 6, combined floodgate drive circuit 9, separating brake drive circuit 10, detecting unit 11, control unit 12, switching winding 13, copper dish 14, drive rod 15, closing coil 16, permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism, the permanent magnet 18 of permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism and permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism forms.
Detecting unit 11, is used for detecting insulated tension pole position, also can divide/closing coil of sense switch electric current.In the time of initial, detecting unit 11 is started working, and the insulated tension pole state under initial condition (being in "on" position or gate-dividing state) is sent to control unit 12.After initial condition, continue to detect the state of insulated tension pole, and by the state feedback of insulated tension pole to control unit 12, for control unit 12 produces control signals, provide Back ground Information.
Detecting unit mainly comprises transducer and D/A converter module.Wherein displacement transducer employing range is 100mm, the linear displacement transducer that model is CWY100; Current transformer adopts respectively CHB-200P model and CHB-8000S model; 16 ADS8364 analog-digital chips that D/A converter module adopts 6 passages to sample simultaneously, the operating voltage of ADS8364 is+5V that maximum clock frequency is 5MHz.
CWY100 type linear displacement transducer is arranged on the insulated tension pole place between electromagnetic repulsion force mechanism drive rod and touch spring, is used for detecting the position signalling of pull bar; CHB-200P type current transformer is arranged in combined floodgate drive circuit, is used for detecting the switching current of permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism; CHB-8000S type current transformer is arranged in separating brake drive circuit, is used for detecting minute brake current of high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism; Displacement transducer signal output is connected with ADS8364 chip.
Control unit mainly adopts DSP28335 chip.ADS8364 chip output is connected to the input of DSP28335 chip.
The separating brake drive circuit of present embodiment and combined floodgate drive circuit respectively have two groups.Wherein, every component lock drive circuit is comprised of 900V charging capacitor, thyristor and fly-wheel diode.Described 900V charging capacitor is when switch separating brake, for high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism provides electric energy.Every combination lock drive circuit is comprised of 300V charging capacitor and thyristor.Described 300V charging capacitor is when switch closes a floodgate, for permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism provides electric energy.
In Fig. 3, combined floodgate drive circuit 9, for driving permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism 8 to carry out closing operation, mainly the precharge capacitor C 2 in permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism drive circuit and the thyristor SCR2 in combined floodgate drive circuit form.One end of precharge capacitor C 2 connects the negative pole of thyristor SCR2, the other end of precharge capacitor C 2 connects one end (current input terminal) of closing coil 16, and the positive pole of thyristor SCR2 connects the other end (current output terminal) of closing coil 16.
In Fig. 3, separating brake drive circuit 10, for driving high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism 7 to carry out sub-switching operation.Main precharge capacitor C 1, the thyristor SCR1 in separating brake drive circuit and sustained diode 1 in high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism drive circuit forms.One end of precharge capacitor C 1 connects the negative pole of thyristor SCR1, the positive pole of thyristor SCR1 connects the positive pole of sustained diode 1, then connects one end (current output terminal) of switching winding 13; The other end of precharge capacitor C 1 connects the negative pole of sustained diode 1, then connects the other end (current input terminal) of switching winding 13.Because Current rise and the fall off rate of high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism 7 is exceedingly fast, sustained diode 1 is switching winding afterflow when current attenuation, protection separating brake drive circuit.
High speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism 7 is mainly by switching winding 13, and metal dish 14 and drive rod 15 form.Switching winding 13 adopts the copper bar coiling of parallel placement to form.Metal dish 14 materials are the red copper conducting electricity very well, the disk of boring a hole centered by metal dish.Between switching winding 13 and metal dish, there is certain air gap distance.Drive rod is through metal dish and fix drive rod one end connection insulated tension pole 6, the moving iron core 17 of other end connection permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism 8 with metal dish.
Permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism 8 is comprised of closing coil 16, permanent magnet 18, moving iron core 17 and static iron core 19.Closing coil 16 and permanent magnet 18 are separately fixed on the static iron core 19 of permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism 8.Moving iron core 17 is connected with high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism 7 by drive rod.
One end of insulated tension pole 6 connects moving contact 3, and the other end connects the drive rod 15 of high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism 7, the contact bounce of touch spring 5 when preventing from closing a floodgate is installed between insulated tension pole 6 and moving contact 3, and certain combined floodgate precompression is provided.
Moving contact 3 in Switch main body 1 is connected to one end of insulated tension pole 6 by touch spring 5, the other end of insulated tension pole 6 is connected with drive rod, and drive rod, through the copper dish in high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism 7, is connected with the moving iron core 17 in permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism 8; The suction of the 18 pairs of moving iron cores 17 of permanent magnet in permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism 8, can make two moving contacts (moving contact 3 and moving contact 20) in the later stage of dividing/closing a floodgate, and remains on divide/combined floodgate terminal location separately.
The course of work of three fracture double-acting high-speed permanent magnetic repulsion switchs is as follows:
Quick acting switching-off operating process is as follows: detecting unit 11 detects current insulated tension pole 6 and is in closing position.During switch sub-switching operation, the thyristor SCR1 conducting that control unit 12 is controlled in separating brake drive circuit 10, charging capacitor C1 in drive circuit is to switching winding 13 electric discharges of high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism, because adopting copper bar coiling, the switching winding of high speed electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism forms, inductance and the resistance of coil are minimum, therefore in coil, the climbing speed of electric current is exceedingly fast, and at coil, can produce the high frequency magnetic field of alternation around, in copper dish 14, can induction generate eddy current.The direction that generates eddy current due to induction is contrary with the direction of the winding current, at eddy current, produce under the interaction in magnetic field and coil generation magnetic field, between copper dish 14 and switching winding 13, can produce electromagnetic repulsion force, promote copper dish 14 and fixing drive rod 15 high-speed motions with it, drive insulated tension pole 6 and moving contact 3 to move.In separating brake latter stage, the moving iron core 17 in permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism can be pull-in on open position by permanent magnet 18, and the separating brake of realizing switch keeps.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, two moving contacts 3 are two moving, thus in separating brake process, two moving contact motions round about simultaneously, the fracture distance that forms large opening in the time at 1ms, operates to realize the quick acting switching-off of switch.As can be seen from Figure 4, the electromagnetic repulsion force rate of climb is very fast, just rises to peak value at 1.5ms in the time, and this is conducive to the action of driving switch quick acting switching-off.
Closing operation process is as follows: detecting unit 11 detects current insulated tension pole 6 and is in open position.During switch closing operation, the thyristor SCR2 conducting that control unit 12 is controlled in combined floodgate drive circuit 9, charging capacitor C2 in drive circuit is to closing coil 16 electric discharges of permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism, the magnetic field that closing coil 16 produces is contrary with the magnetic direction of permanent magnet 18, permanent magnet reduces moving suction unshakable in one's determination at open position place, when electric current increases gradually, when the electromagnetic attraction producing is greater than mechanism's counter-force and permanent magnet suction, moving iron core 17 starts to be moved to closing position by open position, drives drive rod 15, insulated tension pole 6 and moving contact 3 actions.Closing a floodgate latter stage, closing coil 16 power-off, moving iron core 17 can be pull-in on closing position by permanent magnet 18, and the combined floodgate of realizing switch keeps.Touch spring 5 can provide certain precompression for moving contact 3, prevents contact bounce, and touch spring can also absorb the part kinetic energy of moving component simultaneously, to reduce the impact to Switch main body at combined floodgate anaphase movement parts.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, identical with separating brake process, in making process, two moving contact 3 relative motions simultaneously, to realize the closing operation of switch.As can be seen from Figure 5, combined floodgate electromagnetic force reaches peak value at 50ms, and electromagnetic force peak value is 5100N.
Although more than described the specific embodiment of the present invention, the those skilled in the art in this area should be appreciated that these only illustrate, and can make various changes or modifications to these execution modes, and not deviate from principle of the present invention and essence.Scope of the present invention is only limited by appended claims.
Claims (10)
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