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CN103497785B - Dry-pulverized-coal gasification combined burner - Google Patents

Dry-pulverized-coal gasification combined burner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103497785B
CN103497785B CN201310478833.4A CN201310478833A CN103497785B CN 103497785 B CN103497785 B CN 103497785B CN 201310478833 A CN201310478833 A CN 201310478833A CN 103497785 B CN103497785 B CN 103497785B
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channel
burner
water
coal dust
flame
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CN103497785A (en
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焦洪桥
郭伟
罗春桃
井云环
黄斌
雍晓静
侯茂林
杨磊
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China Energy Investment Corp Ltd
Shenhua Ningxia Coal Industry Group Co Ltd
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Shenhua Group Corp Ltd
Shenhua Ningxia Coal Industry Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a dry-pulverized-coal gasification combined burner comprising a pulverized coal burner and an igniting burner. The pulverized coal burner sequentially comprises a first water-cooling jacket, a pulverized coal channel, a first oxidant channel and an inner barrel from outside to inside. The pulverized coal channel is directly adjacent to the first oxidant channel, and contracts toward the axial direction of the pulverized coal burner, at a position, adjacent to a flame-forward end. The first water-cooling jacket comprises a first water-inflowing channel, a window-type water-cooling groove and a first water-outflowing chanel, and the first water-inflowing channel is communicated with the first water-outflowing channel through the window-type water-cooling groove which is spirally wound at the flame-forward end of the pulverized coal burner. The igniting burner is arranged in the inner barrel and comprises a second water-cooling jacket, a second oxidant channel, a fuel channel, an igniter and a center nitrogen channel. By the arrangement, an ignition process is simplified, and reliability of ignition and operation of pulverized coal is improved; flame diameter is effectively controlled, a membrane water-cooling wall is prevented from being damaged by flames, and reliability of a gasification furnace is improved.

Description

A kind of dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dry coal powder gasification burner.
Background technology
Gasification refers to sends into reactor as in vapourizing furnace the coal (such as coal dust, coke granule, combustiblematerials powder etc.) through suitably process, under the temperature and pressure of certain Coal Gasification Technology technical process, change into gas in some way by oxygenant (air or oxygen and steam), obtain synthetic gas (as CO, H 2, H 2o, CO 2deng) process, the synthetic gas generated by gasification can be widely used in various chemical industry.In coal gasification course, burner is a kind of indispensable important component part.
Existing powder coal gasification furnace feeding mode generally has two kinds, and one is adopt startup burner to be carried out heat up (boosting) by vapourizing furnace, and after reaching certain condition, exited by startup burner, then coal dust burner starts the coal dust that puts into operation, and starts to carry out gasification reaction; Two is the forms adopting igniter burner and coal dust burner cooperation, first with igniter burner igniting boosting, throws coal after vapourizing furnace being heated to high temperature, high pressure conditions with coal dust burner.
By the situation that existing apparatus runs, adopt normal pressure to light a fire in the first sparking mode, vapourizing furnace carries out heating up, boosting by dependence igniting, startup burner, and after coal dust burner is lighted, igniting and startup burner will exit from vapourizing furnace.In ignition process, igniter burner and startup burner are specific installation, also must be equipped with servo control mechanism, so huge structure, and complicated operation, startup burner easily breaks down; Significantly, when coal dust burner jumps car for some reason, the necessary blowing out of vapourizing furnace, cooling, displacement, then light a fire again, the human and material resources of at substantial, financial resources.The second sparking mode can at lower pressure down-firing, and heats up, boosts, and after reaching certain condition, can put into operation coal dust burner; After coal dust burner jumps car, igniter burner, still in operation, after system is repaired, can continue the coal dust burner that puts into operation, therefore has certain advance.But, from current operating performance, also there are some problems.The first problem is the easy scaling loss of igniter burner, igniter burner adopts isolating high-pressure ignitor at present simultaneously, and Ignition Stability, repeatability are poor, ignition energy lower (about 2J), not water-fast, not resistant, can cause and delay to light the situation that gas even can not light gas.The second problem is because point of ignition is near igniter burner shower nozzle end face, flame is adherent, long-play easily causes scaling loss, therefore the outside end of igniter burner needs to arrange water-cooling jacket, the igniter burner such as had needs to arrange 3 layers of water-cooling jacket from outside to inside, and namely middle water-cooling jacket is arranged between the coal dust channel of igniter burner and oxidant channel.Like this, will leave certain distance between coal dust channel and oxidant channel, the oxygenant (such as oxygen) flowed out from oxidant channel and the coal dust flowed out from coal dust channel need just likely meeting from the end of igniter burner toward last segment distance and burning.Amplify rapidly because oxygenant enters vapourizing furnace rear space, the flow velocity of oxygenant is caused to be decayed rapidly, the kinetic energy that oxygenant passes to coal dust when oxygenant and coal dust meet also declines rapidly, cause the mixture flow kinetic energy of oxygenant and coal dust not enough and comparatively disperse, uncontrollable flame diameter, the thermal-flame produced after burning easily washes away burner hearth wall, or too near burner hearth wall, causes burner hearth wall thermal load too high and scaling loss membrane wall.
In addition, in order to monitor the flame situation in vapourizing furnace, generally flame detector system can be set by the center channel of nitrogen of igniter burner, but due to burner end region temperature higher (normal temps in gasifier operation process is 1450-1650 DEG C), generally do not have camera can bear this temperature, therefore whether current flame detector system only can to having flame to detect, and cannot flame detection temperature, more cannot observe flame image.In gasifier operation process, cannot judge that loss of ignition is that electric lighter for ignition there occurs problem, the fire of instrument can't detect flame or processing medium is defective to be caused.
Summary of the invention
Igniter burner and coal dust burner is the object of the invention is to be optimized combination, thus a kind of novel dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle is provided, without the need to repeatedly being inserted by burner or extracting, overcome the problem of uncontrollable combustion flame diameter and consequent easy scaling loss membrane wall simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, this invention takes following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle, comprise coal dust burner and igniter burner.Described coal dust burner comprises the first water-cooling jacket, coal dust channel, the first oxidant channel and inner core from outside to inside successively, described coal dust channel and described first oxidant channel direct neighbor, described coal dust channel is shrinking near the axis direction to fire end place gradually to described coal dust burner.Described first water-cooling jacket comprises the first water entry, window cooling trough and the first water exit, described first water entry is communicated with described first water exit by described window cooling trough, described window cooling trough at described coal dust burner to fire end coiled coil.Described igniter burner is located in the inner core of described coal dust burner, described igniter burner comprises the second water-cooling jacket, the second oxidant channel, fuel channel and center channel of nitrogen from outside to inside successively, is being provided with lighter for ignition near being between described fuel channel and described center channel of nitrogen to fire end.
Preferably, described window cooling trough coiled coil 3,4 or 5 encloses.
Preferably, described first oxidant channel is also provided with swirl vane close to fire end place, make oxygenant when described first oxidant channel flows out, possess the air-flow condition of high speed, high eddy flow, thus can drag it when mixing with coal dust and draw, shear and be atomized, coal dust is mixed more full and uniform with oxygenant.
Preferably, described coal dust channel comprises discharge passage and coal powder entrance passage, and described discharge passage is located to fire end, and described coal powder entrance passage is located at back of the body fire end, and described coal powder entrance passage is communicated with described discharge passage by coupling end.Further preferably, described coal powder entrance passage is 3,4 or 5, and the circumference along described coal dust burner is uniformly distributed, and such as, when described coal powder entrance passage is 3, these 3 coal powder entrance passages are each other in 120 °.Certainly, described discharge passage and coal powder entrance passage are structure as a whole also passable, and namely described coal dust channel is totally in cylinder shape.
Preferably, described discharge passage is shrinking gradually to fire end, the inwall of described discharge passage is 15 ° ~ 40 ° at the angle of the axis to fire end and described coal dust burner, more preferably 20 ° ~ 35 °, such as 22 °, 27 °, 30 ° or 33 °, make coal dust from described discharge passage out after can mix with the oxygenant flowed out from described first oxidant channel rapidly, thus coal dust can obtain more kinetic energy from oxygenant and turbulence is stronger.
Preferably, described lighter for ignition is the lighter for ignition (namely with the high energy igniter of energy storage equipment) of ignition energy at more than 30J, described lighter for ignition be hollow structure and be enclosed within described center channel of nitrogen to fire end, due to the isolating high-pressure ignitor (about 2J) that the ignition energy of described high energy igniter adopts in traditional igniter burner, ensure that lighter for ignition stable ignition in low temperature, humidity, contamination environment, the structure of hollow can ensure that again nitrogen passes from lighter for ignition center simultaneously.
Preferably, described dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle also comprises the flame detector system for monitoring flame combustion case, described flame detector system is arranged on assembled nozzle back of the body fire end, and described flame detector system comprises for the flame detector of flame detection with for providing imaging combustion and the temp measuring system of flame video and flame temperature.Further preferably, isolation window is provided with between described flame detector system and described center channel of nitrogen.
Coal dust burner and igniter burner unite two into one by dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle of the present invention, make simple to operate, improve degree of mixing and the turbulence kinetic energy of coal dust and oxygenant, effectively control flame diameter, avoid the situation of scaling loss membrane wall, improve the reliability and security of vapourizing furnace.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged view of the igniter burner shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the effect explanatory view that dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle of the present invention runs.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle of the present invention comprises coal dust burner 1 and igniter burner 2.Coal dust burner 1 main body is tubular, ecto-entad comprises the first water-cooling jacket, coal dust channel, the first oxygen channel 7 and inner core successively, wherein the first water-cooling jacket comprises the first water entry 3, first water exit 4 and window cooling trough 5, first water entry 3 is communicated with the first water exit 4 by window cooling trough 5, window cooling trough 5 enclosing to fire end coiled coil 4 at coal dust burner 1.Described coal dust channel comprises discharge passage 9 and 3 coal powder entrance passages 6 to fire end respectively to back of the body fire end, 3 coal powder entrance passages 6 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of coal dust burner 1, namely each other in 120 °, discharge passage 9 is the circular channel with coal dust burner 1 coaxial line, but discharge passage 9 is shrinking to axis direction gradually near to fire end place inwall, is 25 ° (the α angles namely in Fig. 1) with the axis of coal dust burner 1.Coal powder entrance passage 6 is communicated with discharge passage 9 by coupling end 8.The tubular that first water entry 3, first water exit 4, first oxygen channel 7 and discharge passage 9 main body circularize.First oxygen channel 7 and coal dust channel direct neighbor, the water-cooling jacket namely do not cooled in the middle of the two.Be provided with swirl vane 11 the close of the first oxygen channel 7 to fire end place, the oxygen of flowing in the first oxygen channel 7 is at the air-flow condition just having possessed high speed, high eddy flow after swirl vane 11.Igniter burner 2 inserts in the inner core of coal dust burner 1.
The structure of igniter burner 2 is shown in Fig. 2, comprise the second water entry 21, second water exit 22, second oxygen channel 23, fuel channel 24 and center channel of nitrogen 25 from outside to inside successively, be provided with high energy igniter 26 near being between fuel channel 24 and center channel of nitrogen 25 to fire end, the second water entry 21 and the second water exit 22 form the second water-cooling jacket.Second water entry 21, second water exit 22, second oxygen channel 23 and the ringwise tubular of fuel channel 24 main body.High energy igniter 26 is with energy storage equipment, and ignition energy can reach 30J or higher, is hollow structure, and center channel of nitrogen 25 is communicated with vapourizing furnace through the hollow channel of high energy igniter 26.The oxygen flowed out from the second oxygen channel 23 and the exit enhancing mixed of the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) flowed out from fuel channel 24 at igniter burner 2, lighted a fire by high energy igniter 26 and ignite, thus start to carry out increasing temperature and pressure to vapourizing furnace, when running status, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is replaced by methanol device and is introduced through the high-pressure gas come.
Be communicated with by window cooling trough 5 between first water entry 3 and the first water exit 4; when cooling-water flowing is when the window cooling trough 5 of coiled coil; flowed by high-speed screw; water coolant thinningly even can destroy the side towards the fire laminar sub-layer of turbulent flows; improve heat transfer effect; available protecting burner side towards the fire, improves work-ing life and the continuous operating time of assembled nozzle, for vapourizing furnace long-period stable operation creates prerequisite.Adopt the cooled side towards the fire temperature of which only than temperature of cooling water height 100-150 DEG C.Also just because of the cooling performance that window cooling trough is outstanding, assembled nozzle of the present invention only needs in coal dust burner 1 and igniter burner 2, arrange a water-cooling jacket respectively just can realize enough cooling performances, between the first oxygen channel 7 and coal dust channel, need not a water-cooling jacket be additionally set again thus, thus make from discharge passage 9 and the first oxygen channel 7 closely close, the coal dust jet flowed out from the two can mix in exit immediately with oxygen jet.
In normal productive process, for preventing coal dust burner 1 fray-out of flame, igniter burner 2 need keep continuous operation.Coal dust to be gasified is delivered into by 3 coal powder entrance passages 6 in the discharge passage 9 of annular cylinder shape and carries out from mixed, then the oral area of coal dust burner 1 is flow to and the high speed flowed out with the first oxygen channel 7 along the wall of the discharge passage 9 shunk to the axis direction of coal dust burner 1 gradually, the oxygen of high eddy flow fully mixes immediately, now oxygen kinetic energy attenuation degree is lower, coal dust jet is dragged by oxygen jet and is drawn thus, shear and atomization, as shown in Figure 3, can either ensure that coal dust jet possesses enough spinning momentums, effectively control again coal dust jet rotary diameter D1, ensure that D1 is less than the diameter D2 of burner hearth 12, improving constantly efficiency of carbon conversion, reach on the basis of required temperature of combustion, available protecting burner hearth wall, avoid membrane wall to be burnt, improve the safety and reliability of vapourizing furnace.
Simultaneously; dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle also comprises integral flame checking system 30; integral flame checking system 30 is arranged on igniter burner afterbody (namely carrying on the back fire end); by withstand voltage glass lens 29, integral flame checking system and center channel of nitrogen are kept apart, thus available protecting flame detector system.Integral flame checking system 30 is based on Planck energy law, adopts the method for double-colored thermometric and flame intensity coupling to carry out thermometric.Integral flame checking system 30 is by carrying out separating treatment to the flame spectrum signal collected on glass lens 29, one road optical signal to flame detector 27 for providing flame sensing signal (switching value be used for interlocking, analog quantity is for showing flame intensity); One road optical signal to imaging combustion and temp measuring system 28 for providing flame video and flame temperature.Finally these three kinds of flame information integrations are transferred to Controlling System, the normal table for vapourizing furnace runs and provides a kind of real-time monitoring equipment.
Above-described embodiment is used for illustrative purposes only; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill of relevant technical field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all equivalent technical schemes also should belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be limited by each claim.

Claims (7)

1. a dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle, described dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle comprises coal dust burner and igniter burner; It is characterized in that,
Described coal dust burner comprises the first water-cooling jacket from outside to inside successively, coal dust channel, first oxidant channel and inner core, described coal dust channel and described first oxidant channel direct neighbor, described coal dust channel is shrinking near the axis direction to fire end place gradually to described coal dust burner, described coal dust channel comprises discharge passage and coal powder entrance passage, described discharge passage is located to fire end, described coal powder entrance passage is located at back of the body fire end, described coal powder entrance passage is communicated with described discharge passage by coupling end, the inwall of described discharge passage is 15 ° ~ 40 ° at the angle of the axis to fire end and described coal dust burner,
Described first water-cooling jacket comprises the first water entry, window cooling trough and the first water exit, described first water entry is communicated with described first water exit by described window cooling trough, described window cooling trough at described coal dust burner to fire end coiled coil;
Described igniter burner is located in the inner core of described coal dust burner, described igniter burner comprises the second water-cooling jacket, the second oxidant channel, fuel channel and center channel of nitrogen from outside to inside successively, is being provided with lighter for ignition near being between described fuel channel and described center channel of nitrogen to fire end;
Described lighter for ignition is the lighter for ignition of ignition energy at more than 30J, described lighter for ignition be hollow structure and be enclosed within described center channel of nitrogen to fire end.
2. dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described window cooling trough coiled coil 3,4 or 5 encloses.
3. dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first oxidant channel is also provided with swirl vane close to fire end place.
4. dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coal powder entrance passage is 3,4 or 5, and the circumference along described coal dust burner is uniformly distributed.
5. dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the inwall of described discharge passage is 20 ° ~ 35 ° at the angle of the axis to fire end and described coal dust burner.
6. dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the flame detector system for monitoring flame combustion case, described flame detector system is arranged on assembled nozzle back of the body fire end, and described flame detector system comprises for the flame detector of flame detection with for providing imaging combustion and the temp measuring system of flame video and flame temperature.
7. dry coal powder gasification assembled nozzle according to claim 6, is characterized in that, is provided with isolation window between described flame detector system and described center channel of nitrogen.
CN201310478833.4A 2013-10-14 2013-10-14 Dry-pulverized-coal gasification combined burner Active CN103497785B (en)

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CN103834444B (en) * 2014-03-13 2015-07-15 济南同智创新能源科技股份有限公司 Combined ignition nozzle of dry coal powder fluidized bed gasifier
CN103937554A (en) * 2014-04-02 2014-07-23 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Nozzle for increasing carbon conversion rate of pulverized coal entrained-bed gasifier
CN104974797B (en) * 2015-07-07 2017-07-11 杭州全合科技有限公司 Multifunctional coal gasification burner for two-period form dry coal powder airflow bed gasification furnace
CN105090944B (en) * 2015-07-08 2017-11-10 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 The combustion method of burner, airflow bed gasification furnace and airflow bed gasification furnace
CN105820843A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-08-03 华电重工股份有限公司 Method for co-combusting dry-distilled crude gas or hydrogen production desorption gas thereof and semicoke
CN108728168A (en) * 2017-04-14 2018-11-02 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 Gasification burner
CN108048610A (en) * 2018-01-10 2018-05-18 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 Burner combination device and method for directly gasifying reduced iron
CN109185876A (en) * 2018-10-25 2019-01-11 中国船舶重工集团公司第七研究所 The cooling jacket with heat exchange fin for coal gasification burner
CN110093190B (en) * 2019-06-17 2024-10-29 北京航天迈未科技有限公司 Combined gasification burner and use method thereof
WO2024221611A1 (en) * 2023-04-27 2024-10-31 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 Gasification burner, gasification furnace, and ignition method for gasification burner

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CN102408919A (en) * 2011-10-11 2012-04-11 北京航天动力研究所 Combustion nozzle combination device of multi-channel coal water slurry gasification furnace
CN203569048U (en) * 2013-10-14 2014-04-30 神华集团有限责任公司 Dry powder coal gasifying combined burner

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