CN103474965A - Low-cost alternating-current input overvoltage protection circuit and switching power supply - Google Patents
Low-cost alternating-current input overvoltage protection circuit and switching power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN103474965A CN103474965A CN2013103790820A CN201310379082A CN103474965A CN 103474965 A CN103474965 A CN 103474965A CN 2013103790820 A CN2013103790820 A CN 2013103790820A CN 201310379082 A CN201310379082 A CN 201310379082A CN 103474965 A CN103474965 A CN 103474965A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost alternating-current input overvoltage protection circuit and a switching power supply. The protection circuit comprises a voltage sampling end which is used for being connected to the output end of an AC (Alternating Current)/DC (Direct Current) module of a power supply, a high-voltage suppression diode, a divider resistor, a bias resistor and a switching tube, wherein the control end of the switching tube is connected to a series-connection joint of the divider resistor and the bias resistor so as to receive a high electric level for switching on the switching tube; one end of a switching channel of the switching tube is grounded, and the other end of the switching channel is used for being connected with the feedback input end of a power supply control chip. According to the invention, the high-voltage suppression diode is used as a detecting switch for use, and can be broken down when the input is extremely high to provide a bias voltage for the bias resistor for switching on the switching tube and quickly pulling down the voltage at the feedback end of a control chip, so that the control chip is controlled to stop working; a self-recovery function also can be realized after high voltage, so that detection protection for input overvoltage is realized by only four simple parts; moreover, the protection circuit is simple, safe and reliable in structure, low in cost and easy for wide popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the switch power technology field, be specifically related to a kind of low-cost protection circuit against input over-voltage and Switching Power Supply of exchanging.
Background technology
In field of switch power, generally all comprise the PWM type accessory power supply of promising main power conversion circuit power supply.The input high pressure (exchanging input through rectifies filtering) that accessory power supply generally all directly utilizes main transformer to change circuit obtains required direct voltage through high frequency conversion.And in some electrical network less developed country or area, such as India, due to suitable unstable of AC-input voltage, the time low when high, the power supply of can breaking moment when voltage is high.Thus, need a kind of protection circuit against input over-voltage of design, to reach the protection purpose.But; an existing Switching Power Supply part is not done the design of input overvoltage protection; perhaps just by set up the simple protective elements such as overvoltage protector or fuse at ac input end; and even other Switching Power Supplies have designed input overvoltage protection voltage also due to high cost, complex circuit designs and be difficult to apply.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of low-cost protection circuit against input over-voltage and Switching Power Supply of exchanging, can address the above problem.
A kind of low-cost protection circuit against input over-voltage that exchanges that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprise: a voltage sample end for the AC/DC module output that is connected to power supply, one high pressure twin zener dioder, one divider resistance, one biasing resistor and a switching tube, wherein, the voltage sample end, the high pressure twin zener dioder, divider resistance and biasing resistor are connected in series successively to earth terminal, the control end of switching tube is connected on the node of connecting of divider resistance and biasing resistor and makes the switching tube conducting to receive high level, the switch passage one end ground connection of switching tube, the switch passage other end is for connecting the feedback input end of power supply control chip.
Preferably, control chip is pwm chip.
Preferably, the withstand voltage of described high pressure twin zener dioder is 350V.
Preferably, control chip is pwm chip.
Low cost based in above-described embodiment exchanges protection circuit against input over-voltage, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of Switching Power Supply, comprise: the AC/DC module, transformer, metal-oxide-semiconductor and control chip, the AC/DC module is converted to interchange the primary coil of input transformer after direct current, the transformer primary side coil passes through switch passage and a current-limiting resistance ground connection of metal-oxide-semiconductor successively, the switch that control chip is controlled metal-oxide-semiconductor makes to produce oscillating voltage on the transformer primary side coil, this oscillating voltage is coupled to the transformer secondary coil and powers to the load through filtration module, also comprise the described low-cost protection circuit against input over-voltage that exchanges of above-described embodiment.
Preferably, also comprise that one for feeding back to switch power source output voltage the optocoupler feedback loop of control chip feedback end.
Technique scheme can be found out; because the embodiment of the present invention is usingd the high pressure twin zener dioder and is used as sense switch; can breakdown conducting for providing bias voltage, biasing resistor make the switching tube conducting when input is too high; drag down rapidly the voltage of control chip feedback end; control chip is quit work; high pressure can be realized auto restore facility again later; only with four simple parts, realized the detection protection to the input overvoltage; simple in structure and safe and reliable; with low cost, be easy to apply widely.
The accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of protective circuit in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the Switching Power Supply in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making all other embodiment that obtain under the creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment:
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of low-cost protection circuit against input over-voltage that exchanges, as shown in Figure 1, comprise: for the voltage sample end J of the AC/DC module output that is connected to power supply, high pressure twin zener dioder DB, divider resistance R2, biasing resistor R15 and switching tube Q2, wherein, voltage sample end J, high pressure twin zener dioder DB, divider resistance R2 and biasing resistor R15 are connected in series successively to earth terminal, in the embodiment of the present invention, switching tube Q2 adopts NPN type triode, the base stage of NPN type triode is as the control end of switching tube, the collector electrode of NPN type triode is to the switch passage of emitter path as switching tube, the control end of switching tube Q2 is connected on the node of connecting of divider resistance R2 and biasing resistor R15 and makes the switching tube conducting to receive high level, switch passage one end of switching tube Q2 (being the emitter of NPN type triode) ground connection, the switch passage other end (being the collector electrode of NPN type triode) is for connecting the feedback input end of power supply control chip.
In concrete switching power circuit, the AC/DC module can be filtered the voltage after rectification to form stably through a filter circuit and be exported after voltage again, voltage sample end J in the embodiment of the present invention can be connected on the output of this filter circuit so, and effect can be better.
Be appreciated that; the parameter of each element of the protective circuit in the embodiment of the present invention can be adjusted according to the demand of Switching Power Supply; for example; the withstand voltage parameter of the high pressure twin zener dioder in embodiment of the present invention protective circuit can be adjusted according to use occasion; the withstand voltage of embodiment of the present invention mesohigh twin zener dioder is 350V, when the breakdown conducting of high pressure twin zener dioder during higher than 350V of the voltage of voltage sample end.If need the higher input voltage of monitoring, can select the high pressure twin zener dioder that withstand voltage is higher, therefore on the circuit Adapter Property, there is higher suitability.
The Switching Power Supply that the control chip of below usining is pwm chip is introduced the specific works principle of protective circuit in the embodiment of the present invention as example.
This Switching Power Supply comprises: AC/DC module, transformer, metal-oxide-semiconductor and control chip; the AC/DC module is converted to interchange the primary coil of input transformer after direct current; the transformer primary side coil passes through switch passage and a current-limiting resistance ground connection of metal-oxide-semiconductor successively; the switch that control chip is controlled metal-oxide-semiconductor makes to produce oscillating voltage on the transformer primary side coil; this oscillating voltage is coupled to the transformer secondary coil and powers to the load through filtration module, also comprises that above-mentioned low cost exchanges protection circuit against input over-voltage.
Specifically as shown in Figure 2, this AC/DC module is usingd rectifier bridge that diode D1, D2, D3, D4 form as the rectification core component, be provided with fuse F1, temperature coefficient of resistance RV1 and common mode disturbances in the front end importation of AC/DC module and suppress coil L1, to guarantee the input safety of Switching Power Supply.
On the AC/DC module voltage of rectification through and the filtration of the capacitor C 1 that connects and electrochemical capacitor C2 after, obtain voltage comparatively stably, and voltage sample end J is connected to electrochemical capacitor C2 upper (being on the output of AC/DC module) just to obtain the detection to input voltage, voltage on electrochemical capacitor C2 offers the primary coil of transformer T1 simultaneously, the other end of the primary coil of transformer T1 is connected to earth terminal through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and current-limiting resistance R4 successively, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor is as controlling the utmost point, form the switch passage between the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor and drain electrode, be connected with series connection sustained diode 5 and energy consumption resistor (being formed by resistance R 5 and resistance R 6 parallel connections) at the two ends of the primary coil of transformer T1.
The control end GATE of pwm chip connects the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor by resistance R 10, control conducting and the shutoff of metal-oxide-semiconductor, therefore can on the transformer primary side coil, form oscillating voltage, this oscillating voltage is coupled to transformer T1 secondary coil and powers to the load through the filtration module of output.This filtration module is divided into the rectifying and wave-filtering part, comprise double diode D7, D8, and be attempted by the double diode two ends by resistance R 16 and capacitor C 8 filter branch in series, also connect the π type filter circuit formed by capacitor C 10, inductance L 2 and capacitor C 11 on the output of rectifying and wave-filtering part, also connect a common mode interference filter inductance L 3 on the output of π type filter circuit, connect a voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 after inductance L 3, to guarantee the stability to load output, in addition in the parallel connection of the two ends of filter capacitor C11 a bleeder resistance R24.
In order further to solve the stable problem of power supply, Switching Power Supply in the embodiment of the present invention also comprises an auxiliary power supply branch road, comprise the resistance R 7 of series connection successively, resistance R 14 and voltage stabilizing didoe ZD2, the plus earth of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD2, on the output of the AC/DC module of the other end connecting valve power supply of resistance R 7, the feeder ear VDD power supply that the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD2 is pwm chip, the capacitor C 6 for filtering also in parallel and for the electrochemical capacitor C3 of energy storage at the two ends of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD2, simultaneously, the embodiment of the present invention has increased an ancillary coil, energy for the coupling transformer primary coil, ancillary coil passes through resistance R 15 and the diode D6 feeder ear VDD power supply to pwm chip successively, therefore can be continual and steady power for pwm chip.
In the embodiment of the present invention, Switching Power Supply also comprises that one for feeding back to switch power source output voltage the optocoupler feedback loop of control chip feedback end.Particular circuit configurations for the optocoupler feedback loop can adopt various ways to realize, specifically can adopt any one existing optocoupler feedback loop to carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL to the output of Switching Power Supply.In the embodiment of the present invention in order to realize more accurately FEEDBACK CONTROL, feedback loop comprises opto-coupler chip U2 and an a reference source chip U3, the light-emitting diodes tube anode of opto-coupler chip is connected to through resistance R 18 on the negative electrode of double diode of Switching Power Supply output, the negative electrode of double diode also connects the cathode terminal of a reference source chip U3 through resistance R 19, the anode tap ground connection of a reference source chip U3, the negative electrode of the light-emitting diode of opto-coupler chip U2 also is connected to the cathode terminal of a reference source chip U3; Connect a bleeder circuit on electrochemical capacitor C11, this bleeder circuit comprises resistance R 21 and the resistance R 22 of serial connection successively, resistance R 22 ground connection, and the dividing potential drop on resistance R 22 is input to a reference source voltage input end of a reference source chip U3.Owing to having added a reference source chip U3 in this feedback loop, make the former limit of opto-coupler chip U2 control more accurate.
The grounded emitter of the phototriode of opto-coupler chip U2 secondary, the collector electrode of phototriode is connected to the feedback end FB of pwm chip through a resistance R 1.As can be seen here, the Switching Power Supply in the embodiment of the present invention can have the function of two-way FEEDBACK CONTROL, will exchange the input detection and combine with the power supply output detections, guarantees Switching Power Supply input and the safety and stability of exporting.
General input overvoltage protection circuit; because the electric pressure that will detect is higher; and do not isolate with major loop; so will provide power supply circuits for overvoltage crowbar separately; this has not only increased complexity and the cost of accessory power supply; and this part circuit really connects and be connected altogether with main circuit, strong electromagnetic and damage easily occur.And the protection circuit against input over-voltage in inventive embodiments only can be realized by a high pressure twin zener dioder and switching tube and biasing resistor, saved existing labyrinth.
The high pressure twin zener dioder is directly linked the high-pressure side (being the output of AC/DC module) that exchanges output filtering, when AC network exceeds certain limit, when the high direct voltage after rectifying and wave-filtering exceeds the withstand voltage of diode, the conducting of high pressure twin zener dioder, through the divider resistance dividing potential drop, make on biasing resistor to obtain suitable bias voltage (high level), this bias voltage is applied to the base stage of NPN type triode, and then making the conducting of NPN type triode, its collector electrode is approximate short circuit over the ground.And the collector electrode of this NPN type triode is the feed back input pin (feedback end FB) that is connected on the pulse modulation chip; control the duty ratio of pwm chip; the reduction of this collector potential drags down the feedback pin current potential of pulse modulation chip; make the discharge circuit upset of control chip inside; and then the trigger of control chip inside is reversed; turn-off the drive circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor, power supply is quit work, reach the purpose of protection.And when AC network is in normal range (NR), the not conducting of high pressure twin zener dioder, the base stage of NPN type triode is without current potential, in cut-off state, do not affect the normal operation of PWM chip, pulse modulation chip (control chip) is controlled the working method of control chip internal arithmetic circuit by the optocoupler feedback loop.
Above a kind of low-cost interchange protection circuit against input over-voltage and the Switching Power Supply that the embodiment of the present invention is provided is described in detail, applied specific case herein principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention simultaneously.
Claims (6)
1. low cost exchanges protection circuit against input over-voltage, it is characterized in that, comprise: a voltage sample end for the AC/DC module output that is connected to power supply, one high pressure twin zener dioder, one divider resistance, one biasing resistor and a switching tube, wherein, the voltage sample end, the high pressure twin zener dioder, divider resistance and biasing resistor are connected in series successively to earth terminal, the control end of switching tube is connected on the node of connecting of divider resistance and biasing resistor and makes the switching tube conducting to receive high level, the switch passage one end ground connection of switching tube, the switch passage other end is for connecting the feedback input end of power supply control chip.
2. the low-cost protection circuit against input over-voltage that exchanges as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described switching tube adopts the positive-negative-positive triode.
3. the low-cost protection circuit against input over-voltage that exchanges as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the withstand voltage of described high pressure twin zener dioder is 350V.
4. low cost exchanges protection circuit against input over-voltage as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, control chip is pwm chip.
5. Switching Power Supply; comprise: AC/DC module, transformer, metal-oxide-semiconductor and control chip; the AC/DC module is converted to interchange the primary coil of input transformer after direct current; the transformer primary side coil passes through switch passage and a current-limiting resistance ground connection of metal-oxide-semiconductor successively; the switch that control chip is controlled metal-oxide-semiconductor makes to produce oscillating voltage on the transformer primary side coil; this oscillating voltage is coupled to the transformer secondary coil and powers to the load through filtration module; it is characterized in that, also comprise the described low-cost protection circuit against input over-voltage that exchanges of any one in the claims 1 to 3.
6. Switching Power Supply as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprises that one for feeding back to switch power source output voltage the optocoupler feedback loop of control chip feedback end.
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| CN2013103790820A CN103474965A (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Low-cost alternating-current input overvoltage protection circuit and switching power supply |
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| CN2013103790820A CN103474965A (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Low-cost alternating-current input overvoltage protection circuit and switching power supply |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106597190A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-04-26 | 中车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | Grounding detection circuit and method |
| CN107658857A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-02 | 南京林洋电力科技有限公司 | A kind of switch power over-voltage protection circuit and method |
| CN107800168A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-13 | 莱克电气股份有限公司 | Battery protection circuit and cordless power tool |
| CN109239446A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-18 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | AC overvoltage detection circuit, air conditioner, internal machine of air-conditioner and its control panel |
| CN110233563A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-09-13 | 浙江德力西电器有限公司 | A kind of FM circuit and Switching Power Supply |
| CN112018743A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-01 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Passive Internet of things chip overvoltage protection circuit and implementation method thereof |
| CN112187047A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-05 | 科大讯飞股份有限公司 | BOOST power supply, power supply circuit and electronic product |
| CN112467967A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-09 | 无锡科索电子有限公司 | Overvoltage protection structure of switching power supply |
| CN113495208A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-12 | 广州亚美信息科技有限公司 | Power circuit testing device, system and method for mounting circuit board |
| CN116404883A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-07 | 深圳市德兰明海新能源股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit and power supply equipment thereof |
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| CN109239446A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-18 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | AC overvoltage detection circuit, air conditioner, internal machine of air-conditioner and its control panel |
| CN110233563A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-09-13 | 浙江德力西电器有限公司 | A kind of FM circuit and Switching Power Supply |
| CN110233563B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2024-01-16 | 浙江德力西电器有限公司 | Frequency modulation circuit and switching power supply |
| CN112018743A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-01 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Passive Internet of things chip overvoltage protection circuit and implementation method thereof |
| CN112187047A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-05 | 科大讯飞股份有限公司 | BOOST power supply, power supply circuit and electronic product |
| CN112467967A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-09 | 无锡科索电子有限公司 | Overvoltage protection structure of switching power supply |
| CN113495208A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-12 | 广州亚美信息科技有限公司 | Power circuit testing device, system and method for mounting circuit board |
| CN113495208B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2023-12-26 | 广州亚美信息科技有限公司 | Device, system and method for testing power supply circuit of packaged circuit board |
| CN116404883A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-07 | 深圳市德兰明海新能源股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit and power supply equipment thereof |
| CN116404883B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-08-11 | 深圳市德兰明海新能源股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit and power supply equipment thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20160823 Address after: 425000 Industrial Road, Hexi Industrial Zone, Lingling Industrial Zone, Lingling District, Yongzhou, Hunan Applicant after: Hunan tech-power Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 518100 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Baoan District Fuyong street community baishixia Longwangmiao Industrial Zone sixteenth, nineteenth Applicant before: Songshun Electronic (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |