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CN103427742B - A kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system and energy distributing method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system and energy distributing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103427742B
CN103427742B CN201310344999.7A CN201310344999A CN103427742B CN 103427742 B CN103427742 B CN 103427742B CN 201310344999 A CN201310344999 A CN 201310344999A CN 103427742 B CN103427742 B CN 103427742B
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current
winding
storage battery
open circuit
electric machine
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CN103427742A (en
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王宇
邓智泉
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system and energy distributing method thereof.Electricity generation system of the present invention comprises excitation winding current control system, and this system comprises accumulator current sensor, exciting current controls converter, excitation winding and excitation winding electric current winding control circuit; Energy distributing method of the present invention is made proportional integral to the difference compared with storage battery output current and storage battery desired output electric current and is regulated, again with excitation winding current ratio comparatively, produce the on off state that exciting current controls converter, control exciting current, realize effective control of storage battery energy and internal combustion energy, expand hybrid vehicle high efficiency region range of operation.The present invention only needs to regulate exciting current can realize effective control of storage battery energy and internal combustion energy, and the energy loss that exciting current control converter is born is the copper loss of excitation winding, and reactive loss grade is little, and system cost is low.

Description

A kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system and energy distributing method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to motor control technology field, especially relate to a kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system and energy distributing method thereof.
Background technology
Hybrid vehicle refers to the vehicle that vehicle drive train is constituted jointly by two or more single drivetrain that can operate simultaneously, and the road horsepower of vehicle is provided separately or jointly by single drivetrain according to actual vehicle running state.Because of the difference of each building block, arrangement and control strategy, define multiple classification form.The features such as energy-conservation, the low emission of motor vehicle driven by mixed power cause the very big concern of motor-dom and become an emphasis of current automotive research and exploitation.Hybrid vehicle advantage is as follows: (1) to adopt after composite power can by average need power determine the maximum power of internal combustion engine, be now in oil consumption low, pollute few optimum operating condition under work.When needing heavy duty underpower, supplemented by battery; When load is few, power more than needed can generate electricity and charge the battery, and due to the sustainable work of internal combustion engine, battery can constantly be charged again, therefore its stroke is the same with general-utility car.(2) because there has been battery, when can reclaim braking very easily, descending time, idling time energy.(3) in bustling urban district, can internal combustion engine be closed down, be driven separately by battery, realize " zero " discharge.(4) internal combustion engine has been had can to solve the difficult problem that runs into of the large pure electric automobile such as air-conditioning, heating, defrosting of power consumption very easily.(5) existing gas station can be utilized to refuel, need not reinvest.(6) battery can be allowed to remain on good working order, not overcharge, cross and put, extend its useful life, reduce costs.(7) dynamic property is better than the traditional combustion engine automobile of same discharge capacity, and especially when vehicle start accelerates, motor can make up the hypodynamic weakness of internal combustion engine slow-speed of revolution moment of torsion effectively, and effectively decreases the noise of machinery of automotive interior.
As the critical system of hybrid vehicle, starting-generating system should have the feature that energy density is high, the range of speeds is wide, hybrid power energy distribution is easy to adjustment.The topological structure of its generator and control method affect very large on systematic function.Asynchronous machine, switched reluctance machines, electric excitation synchronous motor, electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine, electro-magnetic flux switching motor have good flux control ability and voltage regulation capability, can use as generator.But in the index such as efficiency and energy density, above motor will be inferior to magneto.Patent " winding open-circuit type permanent magnet motor vehicle starting-generating system and control method (201010500053.1) " and " a kind of fault tolerance permanent magnet power generation system and control method (201210074758.0) thereof " disclose a kind of winding open-circuit type permanent magnet motor vehicle starting-generating system and control method, and described system is made up of winding open-circuit type permanent magnet motor, three-phase commutation bridge, three-phase bridge inverter, diverter switch, filter capacitor, storage battery, controller, voltage and current detection circuit, drive circuit and load.Described method winding open-circuit type permanent magnet motor winding overhang side forms rectification side powering load by three-phase commutation bridge and filter capacitor, opposite side to be connected with storage battery by three-phase bridge inverter and to form inversion control side, realize starting by diverter switch, generator operation state switches, start and control to adopt single current closed-loop vector control, generator operation adopts rectification side direct voltage, electric machine phase current double-closed-loop control, realizes output voltage stabilization and the control of generator high-efficiency operation.
But the system that patent " winding open-circuit type permanent magnet motor vehicle starting-generating system and control method (201010500053.1) " and " a kind of fault tolerance permanent magnet power generation system and control method (201210074758.0) thereof " are announced also exists the uncontrollable deficiency of storage battery energy.Document " a kind of novel winding open-circuit type permanent magnet motor starting/generating system, Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011, Vol.31 (36): 86-94 " point out generator high-speed cruising and electricity generation system underloading time, storage battery is in charged state always, and rechargeable energy is uncontrollable; And generator low cruise and electricity generation system heavy duty time, storage battery is in discharge condition always, and discharge energy is uncontrollable.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, for effective adjustment problem of storage battery energy and engine (internal combustion engine) energy in winding open circuit permanent-magnet electric generator system, propose a kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system and energy distributing method thereof.The present invention maintains the high advantage of generator system power factor, do not increase system Type Active Power Converter quantity, realize effective adjustment of internal combustion energy and storage battery (fuel cell, solar cell) energy, expand hybrid vehicle high efficiency region range of operation.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system, comprises Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine, three-phase diode uncontrollable rectifier bridge, three-phase bridge type converter, exciting current control converter, the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor, storage battery, output voltage sensor, rotor-position sensor;
The threephase armature winding of described Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine arranges armature supply transducer, and the excitation winding of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine arranges exciting current transducer; The output of described storage battery arranges accumulator current sensor;
Connect three-phase diode uncontrollable rectifier bridge, the first filter capacitor, load and output voltage sensor successively in one end of described Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine threephase armature winding, the other end of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine threephase armature winding is connected with the second filter capacitor and storage battery respectively by three-phase bridge type converter;
Described Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine adopts single-phase excitation winding, and the two ends of excitation winding control converter respectively two brachium pontis mid points with exciting current are connected; Described exciting current controls converter input and is connected with storage battery; The rotor of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine is connected with rotor-position sensor by the rotating shaft of engine;
By the rotor position information of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine, obtain the unloaded back-emf phase place of every phase armature winding, the phase place setting every phase armature winding electric current is identical with the unloaded back-emf phase place of every phase armature winding; Actual output voltage numerical value is obtained by output voltage sensor, the difference that desired output voltage and actual output voltage subtract each other is after proportional and integral controller, obtain the expectation amplitude of armature winding electric current, obtained the desired value of armature winding electric current by every phase place of phase armature winding electric current and the expectation amplitude of armature winding electric current; The armature winding electric current that the desired value of comparison armature winding electric current and armature supply transducer record, obtain on off state, control three-phase bridge type converter, realize the closed-loop control of armature supply, thus realize the astatic control of actual output voltage and desired output voltage.
An energy distribution control method for Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system, detailed process is as follows:
Steps A, accumulator current sensor obtains storage battery output current, according to battery tension and energy distribution instruction determination storage battery desired output electric current;
Step B, the difference of storage battery desired output electric current and storage battery output current, after proportional and integral controller, obtains the expectation electric current of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine excitation winding;
Step C, excitation winding electric current is obtained by exciting current transducer, compare expectation electric current and the excitation winding electric current of excitation winding, produce the on off state that exciting current controls converter, realize the closed-loop control of exciting current, thus the energy distribution realizing Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system controls.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention proposes a kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system and energy distributing method thereof.Electricity generation system of the present invention comprises excitation winding current control system, and this system comprises accumulator current sensor, exciting current controls converter, excitation winding and excitation winding electric current winding control circuit; Energy distributing method of the present invention is made proportional integral to the difference compared with storage battery output current and storage battery desired output electric current and is regulated, again with excitation winding current ratio comparatively, produce the on off state that exciting current controls converter, control exciting current, realize effective control of storage battery energy and internal combustion energy, expand hybrid vehicle high efficiency region range of operation.The present invention only needs to regulate exciting current can realize effective control of storage battery energy and internal combustion energy, and the energy loss that exciting current control converter is born is the copper loss of excitation winding, and reactive loss grade is little, and system cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present system structure chart.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system propose the present invention and energy distributing method thereof are described in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, the second filter capacitor C in two output parallel connections of storage battery 2, the second filter capacitor C 2two ends be connected in parallel on again on the bus of three-phase full-bridge inverter, three brachium pontis mid points of three-phase full-bridge inverter are connected with Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine threephase armature winding one end respectively; The other end of threephase armature winding is connected with three brachium pontis mid points of three-phase diode uncontrollable rectifier circuit respectively, the bus two ends first filter capacitor C in parallel of three-phase diode uncontrollable rectifier circuit 1, the first filter capacitor C 1two ends are in parallel with the load of electricity generation system and output voltage sensor respectively; Utilize output voltage sensor to obtain the numerical value of output voltage, desired output voltage and output voltage are subtracted each other, gained difference, successively through proportional component, integral element, amplitude limit link, obtains Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine armature winding electric current and expects amplitude the desired value of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine threephase armature winding current is as the formula (1):
In formula (1), θ is the angle of α axle in the unloaded back-emf synthetic vector of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine and Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine two-phase static α β coordinate system, and the numerical value of θ is obtained by Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine rotor-position sensor.
Threephase armature current sensor is respectively s3, s4, s5, is obtained the actual value I of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine threephase armature winding current by threephase armature current sensor respectively a, I b, I c, by the desired value of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine threephase armature winding current with the actual value I of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine threephase armature winding current a, I b, I cdo difference, gained difference is as follows:
Δ I a = I a * - I a Δ I b = I b * - I b Δ I c = I c * - I c - - - ( 2 )
As Δ I awhen>=0, three-phase full-bridge inverter first switching tube g1 on off state is 1, and three-phase full-bridge inverter second switch pipe g2 on off state is 0,
As Δ I bwhen>=0, three-phase full-bridge inverter the 3rd switching tube g3 on off state is 1, and three-phase full-bridge inverter the 4th switching tube g4 on off state is 0,
As Δ I cwhen>=0, three-phase full-bridge inverter the 5th switching tube g5 on off state is 1, and three-phase full-bridge inverter the 6th switching tube g6 on off state is 0,
As Δ I aduring <0, three-phase full-bridge inverter first switching tube g1 on off state is 0, and three-phase full-bridge inverter second switch pipe g2 on off state is 1,
As Δ I bduring <0, three-phase full-bridge inverter the 3rd switching tube g3 on off state is 0, and three-phase full-bridge inverter the 4th switching tube g4 on off state is 1,
As Δ I cduring <0, three-phase full-bridge inverter the 5th switching tube g5 on off state is 0, and three-phase full-bridge inverter the 6th switching tube g6 on off state is 1,
For controlling the energy that storage battery provides to load, accumulator current sensor s1 is utilized to obtain battery current actual value I cell, battery current desired value with battery current actual value I celldiffer from, gained difference, successively through proportional component, integral element, amplitude limit link, obtains the desired value of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine excitation winding electric current exciting current transducer s2 is utilized to obtain the actual value I of exciting current e, by the desired value of excitation winding electric current with the actual value I of exciting current ediffer from, gained difference is
As Δ I ewhen>=0, exciting current controls converter first switching tube k1, the on off state of the 4th switching tube k4 is 1, and exciting current controls converter second switch pipe k2, the on off state of the 3rd switching tube k3 is 0,
As Δ I eduring <0, exciting current controls converter first switching tube k1, the on off state of the 4th switching tube k4 is 0, and exciting current controls converter second switch pipe k2, the on off state of the 3rd switching tube k3 is 1,
Battery current desired value defining method as follows:
1) if desired storage battery provides energy to be P to load 1(P 1for on the occasion of), then define battery current desired value u cellfor battery tension;
2) if desired storage battery, only for three-phase full-bridge inverter provides busbar voltage, does not absorb energy, does not also export energy, then define battery current desired value
3) if desired storage battery absorbs energy from motor is P 1(P 1for on the occasion of), then define battery current desired value u cellfor battery tension;
The present invention is on the basis of winding open-circuit type permanent magnet motor electricity generation system, ensureing the advantage that generator system power factor is high, under not increasing the prerequisite of the main power inverter quantity of system, Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system and energy distributing method thereof are proposed, the output of battery current proportional integral link is Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine exciting current desired value, storage battery (fuel cell is realized by the control of exciting current (reactive current) polarity and size, solar cell) effective regulation and control of energy and internal combustion energy, achieve by the match and regulate of reactive current to active power between different dynamic source, hybrid vehicle high efficiency region range of operation will be expanded.Gain merit while energy distribution controls in the system of realization, required adjustment be exciting current (reactive current), the copper loss of excitation winding that what required field current controller was born is, power grade is little, and system cost is low.

Claims (2)

1. a Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system, it is characterized in that, comprise Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine, three-phase diode uncontrollable rectifier bridge, three-phase bridge type converter, exciting current control converter, the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor, storage battery, output voltage sensor, rotor-position sensor;
The threephase armature winding of described Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine arranges armature supply transducer, and the excitation winding of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine arranges exciting current transducer; The output of described storage battery arranges accumulator current sensor;
Connect three-phase diode uncontrollable rectifier bridge, the first filter capacitor, load and output voltage sensor successively in one end of described Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine threephase armature winding, the other end of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine threephase armature winding is connected with the second filter capacitor and storage battery respectively by three-phase bridge type converter;
Described Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine adopts single-phase excitation winding, and the two ends of excitation winding control converter respectively two brachium pontis mid points with exciting current are connected; Described exciting current controls converter input and is connected with storage battery; The rotor of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine is connected with rotor-position sensor by the rotating shaft of engine;
For controlling the energy that storage battery provides to load, accumulator current sensor is utilized to obtain battery current actual value, battery current desired value and battery current actual value poor, gained difference is successively through proportional component, integral element, amplitude limit link, obtain the desired value of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine excitation winding electric current, exciting current transducer is utilized to obtain the actual value of exciting current, by the desired value of excitation winding electric current and the actual value of exciting current poor, with gained difference for foundation, control the on off state that exciting current controls each switching tube of converter, and then the exciting current realizing excitation winding controls,
Described battery current desired value defining method is as follows:
If desired storage battery to load provide energy be one on the occasion of, then define battery current desired value and equal this on the occasion of the result obtained divided by battery tension;
If desired storage battery is only for three-phase full-bridge inverter provides busbar voltage, does not absorb energy, does not also export energy, then need storage battery to provide energy to be 0 to load, and definition battery current desired value equals zero;
If desired storage battery from motor absorb energy be one on the occasion of, then define battery current desired value and equal this opposite number on the occasion of the result obtained divided by battery tension;
By the rotor position information of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine, obtain the unloaded back-emf phase place of every phase armature winding, the phase place setting every phase armature winding electric current is identical with the unloaded back-emf phase place of every phase armature winding; Actual output voltage numerical value is obtained by output voltage sensor, the difference that desired output voltage and actual output voltage subtract each other is after proportional and integral controller, obtain the expectation amplitude of armature winding electric current, obtained the desired value of armature winding electric current by every phase place of phase armature winding electric current and the expectation amplitude of armature winding electric current; The armature winding electric current that the desired value of comparison armature winding electric current and armature supply transducer record, obtain on off state, control three-phase bridge type converter, realize the closed-loop control of armature supply, thus realize the astatic control of actual output voltage and desired output voltage.
2. an energy distribution control method for Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, detailed process is as follows:
Steps A, accumulator current sensor obtains storage battery output current, according to battery tension and energy distribution instruction determination storage battery desired output electric current;
Step B, the difference of storage battery desired output electric current and storage battery output current, after proportional and integral controller, obtains the expectation electric current of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine excitation winding;
Step C, excitation winding electric current is obtained by exciting current transducer, compare expectation electric current and the excitation winding electric current of excitation winding, produce the on off state that exciting current controls converter, realize the closed-loop control of exciting current, thus the energy distribution realizing Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system controls.
CN201310344999.7A 2013-08-08 2013-08-08 A kind of Winding open circuit type mixed excitation electric machine electricity generation system and energy distributing method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN103427742B (en)

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