CN103370479B - Wheel loader - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of wheel loader (100), comprising: vehicle body (110), and it has wheel (113,114); Working rig (120), its bucket bar hydro-cylinder (123) and scraper bowl hydro-cylinder (124) of there is the bucket bar (121) of the front portion being installed on vehicle body (110) and scraper bowl (122) and driving them; With working rig operating gear (20), it indicates the action of this working rig (120), this working rig operating gear (20) comprising: bucket bar operating stick (11) of bucket bar operation, and it is arranged at the right side driving seat (21); With two mandatory down gear switch (16,17), it is arranged at upper surface and the face, left side of the handle (11a) of this bucket bar operating stick (11) respectively. Consequently, it is possible to improve operability further.

Description

Wheel loader

Technical field

The present invention relates to and dig, to by excavation thing, the wheel loader got and carry.

Background technology

The working rig of wheel loader has usually makes bucket bar carry out the bucket bar hydro-cylinder of pitching action and scraper bowl is carried out toppling over action or the scraper bowl hydro-cylinder of shovel dress action, as the operating gear that the action of bar hydro-cylinders and scraper bowl hydro-cylinder that these struggled against indicates, what have such as possesses, at the right hand side driving seat, two operating stick (being called " bucket bar operating stick ", " scraper bowl operating stick " below) (with reference to patent documentation 1 etc.) that bucket bar operation is used and scraper bowl operates.

Patent documentation 1: No. WO2010/147232nd, International Publication

Here, as the typical action of wheel loader, (A) move to sand etc. and excavated the accumulation body of thing (below, suitably it is called " accumulation body ") near, (B) mouth of scraper bowl is made to stretch into accumulation body with the state of the bar decline that struggles against toward the front, (C) while the state stretching into accumulation body with scraper bowl is advanced further, while carrying out shovel dress action and will have been dug by excavation thing by scraper bowl at the scraper bowl that makes making bucket bar increase simultaneously, (D) load to be excavated in scraper bowl and retreat after thing and leave from accumulation body, move to the place of regulation and topple over by excavation thing. in the action that this is a succession of, the action of (A) and (D) does not require the big traveling motivating force (tractive force) being excavated thing for promoting, so attention fuel efficiency, but required big traveling motivating force in order to dig by excavation thing in the action of (B) and (C) in good time.

To this, Patent Document 1 discloses such example above-mentioned: bucket bar operating stick top be provided with the mandatory down gear switch for downshifting fast, be provided with on the top of scraper bowl operating stick for by the interim solution of restriction of the highest for engine rotating speed divided by improve maximum traveling motivating force (switching driving mode) mode selector switch. According to this example, operate mandatory down gear switch when being transformed into the action of (B) from the action of (A) and guarantee required traveling motivating force to drop to slow speed turbine stage, and when the action of (C), if bigger traveling motivating force just can be obtained according to situation operator scheme change-over switch.

Now, have in order to operation task machine bucket bar with and scraper bowl two operating stick this kind of wheel loader in, when the action of (B) operation bucket bar operating stick, the primary operational scraper bowl operating stick when the action of (C).

The adjustment being operating as scraper bowl posture carried out when the action of (B) and downshift. These operations are all the preparatory functions for excavation action, it it not the accurate operation needing delicate adjustment with progress, even if being that have gentle hands is being put down gently the operation that also can carry out when struggling against on bar operating stick, so holding bucket bar operating stick or have gentle hands being put down gently above or hold from top or hold from horizontal, different according to operator.

On the other hand, what carry out when the action of (C) is operating as the advance making bucket bar rise and indicate and carry out scraper bowl shovel dress and body simultaneously. And, in the action of (C), it not that maximum traveling motivating force is the bigger the better. Such as, also exist to scraper bowl be pushed away into the situation being required big traveling motivating force by excavating thing, and on the other hand, if by excavated the travel load that causes of thing higher time travel with excessive traveling motivating force, then may cause road surface depression due to the skidding of vehicle thus bring impact to later operation. In the action of (C), although the shovel dress action of scraper bowl can be carried out according to the rising action of bucket bar, but need to avoid such unfavorable condition to improve maximum traveling motivating force as required on one side well.

Therefore, compared with the action of (B) instruction, the action instruction of (C) needs delicate operation, it is necessary to concentrates and carries out, so the operator of majority has the tendency holding scraper bowl operating stick and operate.

Summary of the invention

The present invention completes in view of such situation and from the practical situation of the operating method of the angle consideration operator of user friendly just, its object is to provide the wheel loader that can improve operability further.

(1) in order to reach above-mentioned purpose, it is a feature of the present invention that, comprising: vehicle body, it has wheel; Working rig, it is installed on the front portion of this vehicle body; With working rig operating gear, it indicates the action of this working rig, and this working rig operating gear comprises: the operating stick of the action instruction of described working rig, and described operating stick is arranged at the sidepiece driving seat; With two switches, the side of the upper surface of described two switch-linear hybrid in the handle of described operating stick and described driving seat side, for carrying out the operation relevant with tractive force.

(2) in above-mentioned (1), preferred feature is, described working rig has bucket bar and scraper bowl and drives these bucket bars and the bucket bar hydro-cylinder of scraper bowls and scraper bowl hydro-cylinder, and described working rig operating gear comprises: the bucket bar operating stick indicated as the action of bucket bar hydro-cylinder described operating stick, described; The scraper bowl operating stick of the action instruction of described scraper bowl hydro-cylinder, the described driving seat side of this bucket bar operating stick is located at side by side by described scraper bowl operating stick; Two mandatory down gear switch are described two switches on the upper surface of the handle being arranged at described bucket bar operating stick and the side of described driving seat side, for making velocity stage force downshift; And mode selector switch, it is arranged at the side of the described driving seat side of the handle of described scraper bowl operating stick, for being switched by multiple driving modes that the higher limit of engine maximum speed of revolution is different.

(3) in above-mentioned (2), preferred feature is, replace the side that described mode selector switch is arranged on the described driving seat side of the handle of described scraper bowl operating stick and described mode selector switch is arranged on the upper surface of this handle, or by described mode selector switch except being arranged on the side of this driving seat side, also it is arranged on the upper surface of this handle.

(4) in above-mentioned (2) or (3), it is preferable that be characterised in that, described mode selector switch is button, is indicated the switching of the different multiple driving modes of the upper limit of engine maximum speed of revolution by monomer.

(5) in above-mentioned (2) in arbitrary item of (4), it is preferable that be characterised in that, comprising display mechanism, described display mechanism shows the driving mode selected by described mode selector switch.

(6) in above-mentioned (2) in arbitrary item of (5), it is preferable that be characterised in that, comprise stop-gear, the posture of described bucket bar operating stick is maintained the position of instruction bucket bar rising action by described stop-gear.

According to the present invention, configured mandatory down gear switch and mode selector switch flexibly by the practical situation of the operating method according to operator, it is possible to guarantee better operability.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the side-view of the wheel loader of an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the schematic configuration representing the drive system that the wheel loader of an embodiment of the invention possesses.

Fig. 3 is the rideability line chart (torque line chart) of the relation representing motor speed when maximum for gas pedal degree being entered in the wheel loader of an embodiment of the invention and torque.

Fig. 4 is the speed of a motor vehicle of each velocity stage represented in the wheel loader of an embodiment of the invention and the figure of the relation travelling motivating force.

Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the structure in the wheel house representing that the wheel loader of an embodiment of the invention possesses.

Fig. 6 is the mode chart of the main switch of the driving mode switching that the wheel loader of an embodiment of the invention possesses.

Fig. 7 is the sketch chart of the outward appearance observed from rear representing the working rig operating gear that the wheel loader of an embodiment of the invention possesses.

Fig. 8 represents, by the wheel loader of an embodiment of the invention, sand or gravel etc. are excavated the mode chart of the state digging operation being excavated thing when thing loads truck etc.

Embodiment

Hereinafter use accompanying drawing that embodiments of the present invention are described.

Fig. 1 is the side-view of the wheel loader of an embodiment of the invention.

Wheel loader 100 shown in Fig. 1 possesses vehicle body 110 and is installed on the working rig 120 of the front portion of this vehicle body 110.

Vehicle body 110 comprises foreside bodywork 111 and rear portion vehicle body 112. These foreside bodyworks 111 and rear portion vehicle body 112 have front-wheel (tire) 113 and trailing wheel (tire) 114 respectively, and via the central pin 115 extended on the vertical direction of lead can link mutually in the way of bending. Although not shown, but it is linked with hydraulic steering cylinder on foreside bodywork 111 with rear portion vehicle body 112, with the telescopic drive of this hydraulic steering cylinder, foreside bodywork 111 bends right and left relative to rear portion vehicle body 112. In addition, on rear portion vehicle body 112, it is equipped with wheel house 116 in front portion, it is equipped with engine room 117 at rear portion. Engine room 117 is accommodated with the engine 131 as primover described later, the hydro-pump 134 driven by this engine 131, control from the direction of hydraulic efficiency oil that this hydro-pump 134 sprays and the control valve 135 etc. of flow.

Working rig 120 has bucket bar 121 and scraper bowl 122 and drives these bucket bars 121 and the bucket bar hydro-cylinder 123 of scraper bowls 122 and scraper bowl hydro-cylinder 124. Bucket bar 121 rotates (luffing) in the vertical direction with the telescopic drive of bucket bar hydro-cylinder 123, and scraper bowl 122 rotates in the vertical direction with the telescopic drive of scraper bowl hydro-cylinder 124 (toppling over action or shovel dress action).

Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the schematic configuration of the drive system representing wheel loader 100.

As shown in Figure 2, the drive system 130 of wheel loader 100 comprises: engine 131, fluid torque-converter 132, variator 133, hydro-pump 134, control valve 135, controller 136, engine control portion 137, transmission control portion 138 etc.

The input shaft being linked with fluid torque-converter 132 on the output shaft of engine 131, the output shaft of fluid torque-converter 132 is linked to variator 133. Fluid torque-converter 132 is the known fluid clutch being made up of impeller, turbine, stator, and the rotation of engine 131 is passed to variator 133 via fluid torque-converter 132. Variator 133 has the Vulcan clutch that its speed change level carries out speed change, being rotated through variator 133 of the output shaft of fluid torque-converter 132 and by speed change. Rotation after speed change is passed to front-wheel 113 and trailing wheel 114 via transmission shaft 141 and wheel shaft 142, and thus, wheel loader 100 can travel.

Hydro-pump 134 is variable capacity type, drives and spray hydraulic efficiency oil by engine 131. From hydro-pump 134 ejection oil via control valve 135 controlling party to and flow and be supplied to bucket the operation topworks such as bar hydro-cylinder 123, scraper bowl hydro-cylinder 124, to drive these operation topworkies. Control valve 135 is by bucket bar operating stick 11 and scraper bowl operating stick 12 (aftermentioned) operation, oily to the flowing of bucket bar hydro-cylinder 123 and scraper bowl hydro-cylinder 124 according to the operation signal hydraulic control from bucket bar operating stick 11 and scraper bowl operating stick 12 respectively. In addition, the pump capacity of hydro-pump 134 is changed by setter (not shown). Setter changes pump capacity according to pump ejection pressure, such as, make operation torque turn into certain such determining direct torque. In addition, hydro-pump 134 also can use the fixed capacity type pumps such as toothed gear pump.

Controller 136 comprises the arithmetic processing apparatus with CPU, ROM, RAM, other periphery circuit etc. and forms. for controller 136, input the signal from following component respectively: the throttle operation amount detector 143 of the operation amount of detection gas pedal 13, using the speed of vehicle detector 144 that the rotating speed of the output shaft (or transmission shaft 141) of variator 133 goes out as Bus-Speed Monitoring, the Rotating speed measring device 145 of the rotating speed Ni of the input shaft of detection fluid torque-converter 132, the Rotating speed measring device 146 of the rotating speed Nt of the output shaft of detection fluid torque-converter 132, to the forward-reverse change-over switch 14 that the advance (F) retrogressing (R) neutral gear (N) of wheel loader 100 switches, the velocity stage switch 15 of the upper limit of instruction speed level between 1 speed to 4 speed, instruction speed level is to the mandatory down gear switch 16 of the switching of low speed side, 17, select the dynamic mode paying attention to workability (following, it is called " P pattern ") or to pay attention to the economic model of fuel efficiency (following, be called " E pattern ") the holotype change-over switch 18 of a certain driving mode (following, it is called " main switch 18 "), and the secondary mode selector switch selected by a certain driving mode of P pattern or E pattern equally is (following, it is called " secondary switch 19 ").

In addition, in the present embodiment, mandatory down gear switch 16,17, secondary switch 19 be all button-type switch. Now, in order to signal (in order to avoid the operation unintentionally of operator) can not be operated when the finger of operator, palm are slightly pressed down when they cover with regard to output, just mandatory down gear switch 16,17 and secondary switch 19 only can export operation signal when pressing required stroke with guaranteeing certain play.

Fluid torque-converter 132 has function Driving Torque being increased relative to pull-in torque, is set to the function of more than 1 by torque ratio. Torque ratio diminishes with the input shaft of fluid torque-converter 132 and the increase of the ratio of the rotating speed of output shaft, i.e. fluid torque-converter velocity ratio e (output speed Nt/ input speed Ni). Such as when in travelling when motor speed is certain, travel load becomes big, the output speed Nt of fluid torque-converter 132 and the speed of a motor vehicle reduce, and fluid torque-converter speed diminishes than e. Now, torque ratio increases, so vehicle can travel with bigger traveling motivating force (tractive force). Namely travel motivating force when the speed of a motor vehicle is slower to become big (low-speed high-torque), travel motivating force when the speed of a motor vehicle is very fast and diminish (the low torque of high speed).

Variator 133 has the clutch coupling corresponding with each velocity stage of 1 speed to 4 speed and the automatic transmission of magnetic valve. These magnetic valves are driven by the control signal that exports to transmission control portion 138 from controller 136, make hydraulic efficiency oil act on corresponding clutch coupling and switch clutch. In controller 136, store in advance as upshift benchmark fluid torque-converter speed than e1 and as downshift benchmark fluid torque-converter velocity ratio e2. Under automatic shift mode, controller 136 is by calculating fluid torque-converter velocity ratio e from the signal of Rotating speed measring device 145,146, and export upshift signal when the speed calculated is bigger than e1 than datum velocity than e to transmission control portion 138, export downshift signal to transmission control portion 138 when the speed calculated is less than e2 than datum velocity than e. Thus the speed change level of variator 133 automatically changes than e according to fluid torque-converter speed between 1 speed to 4 speed.

Now, about velocity stage, the velocity stage automatic transmission as the upper limit selected by velocity stage switch 15. Such as, when selecting 2 speed by velocity stage switch 15, velocity stage turns into 1 speed or 2 speed according to speed than e, and when selecting 1 speed, velocity stage is fixed to 1 speed. In addition, although not illustrating especially, but can also consider to arrange the function switching to manual shift mode from such automatic shift mode, under manual shift mode can Negotiation speed level switch 15 or the manual operation of switch that arranges in addition to carry out speed change be arbitrary velocity stage.

In addition, mandatory down gear switch 16,17 is for making velocity stage force the switch of downshift, a certain individual whenever mandatory down gear switch 16 or 17 is operated 1 time, and controller 136 just exports downshift signal to transmission control portion 138, makes velocity stage and speed now ground more unrelated than e mandatory down 1 grade. In automatic shift mode, by such as operating mandatory down gear switch 16 or 17 when the speed of a motor vehicle is low speed, it is possible to velocity stage is forced downshift.

Above, speed change when striding across prescribed value e1 or e2 than e when fluid torque-converter speed, but also can be the structure of the speed change when the speed of a motor vehicle reaches prescribed value. In this case, such as, by just realizing according to the structure exporting upshift signal or downshift signal from the signal of speed of vehicle detector 144 to transmission control portion 138.

In addition, control of engine speed is that corresponding target engine speed is measured in the operation to gas pedal 13 by controller 136. Namely gas pedal 13 trample quantitative change big time target engine speed become big, controller 136 exports the control signal corresponding with this target engine speed to engine control portion 137, to control motor speed.

Fig. 3 is the rideability line chart (torque line chart) of the relation representing motor speed when maximum for gas pedal 13 degree being entered into and torque.

In figure 3, torque line chart when characteristic Ap, Ae are that driving mode is set to P pattern, E pattern respectively. Under P pattern, the highest rotating speed of engine does not limit, and is limited to low speed side relative to P pattern by the highest for engine turn under E pattern.

Characteristic B0-B2 is the example by pull-in torque during engine 131 drive speed transmission 133, and along with motor speed rises, pull-in torque increases. This pull-in torque comprises the pull-in torque of hydro-pump 134, and according to fluid torque-converter speed than the absorption torque of e and hydro-pump 134, pull-in torque changes as characteristic B0-B2. Specifically, when fluid torque-converter speed diminishes than e, pull-in torque becomes big (characteristic B0), and when fluid torque-converter speed becomes big than e, pull-in torque diminishes (characteristic B2).

The intersection point of characteristic Ap, Ae and characteristic B0-B2 is matching point, and motor speed turns into the value of this matching point. Therefore, relative with the pull-in torque of regulation motor speed is high under P pattern than under E pattern. When motor speed is positioned at matching point, travel the square proportional of motivating force and this motor speed N. Therefore, travelling driving force ratio under P pattern big under E pattern, the max. speed under each velocity stage also becomes the amount that fast motor speed improves.

Fig. 4 is the figure of the speed of a motor vehicle and the relation travelling motivating force representing under each velocity stage. In figure, solid line represents the characteristic of P pattern, and dotted line represents the characteristic of E pattern.

If compared under same velocity stage in the diagram, the relatively slow motivating force that then travels of the speed of a motor vehicle becomes big (low-speed high-torque), and the speed of a motor vehicle comparatively fast then travels motivating force and diminishes (the low torque of high speed). In addition, velocity stage is more little, then can obtain more big traveling motivating force under the same speed of a motor vehicle. That is, the maximum traveling driving force ratio E pattern under P pattern is big, and max. speed is also very fast. The maximum traveling motivating force F2 of such as, P pattern under 2 velocity stages is bigger than the maximum traveling motivating force F2 ' of E pattern, and the max. speed V2hi of P pattern is faster than the max. speed V2 ' hi of E pattern.

Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the structure represented in wheel house 116.

It is provided with side instrument panel 22 and working rig operating gear 20 on the right side driving seat 21. In addition, the front panel 23 driving seat 21 front is provided with steering handle 27, described forward-reverse change-over switch 14 and monitors panel 24, monitoring that panel 24 possesses which the display portion 25 that display have selected E pattern and P pattern. Described velocity stage switch 15 it is provided with in the leading section of forward-reverse change-over switch 14. And then, the brake pedal 26 of gas pedal 13 and left and right it is provided with in the lower section in the front and front panel 23 of driving seat 21.

Described side instrument panel 22 is configured with the main switch 18 (also referring to Fig. 6) of described pattern switching. Main switch 18 blocked operation to be the P position of instruction P pattern or a certain individual alternative expression switch of the E position of instruction E pattern. Working rig operating gear 20 is positioned at the front of side instrument panel 22, comprise: the described scraper bowl operating stick 12 of the action instruction of scraper bowl hydro-cylinder 124, the described bucket bar operating stick 11 of the action instruction of bucket bar hydro-cylinder 123, the described secondary switch 19 of E pattern/P pattern that the higher limit of switching engine maximum speed of revolution is different, and make velocity stage force two described mandatory down gear switch 16,17 of downshift.

Fig. 7 is the outward appearance sketch chart observed from rear representing working rig operating gear 20.

As shown in Figure 7, the bar operating stick 11 that struggles against is disposed in parallel in the right side be located at and drive the scraper bowl operating stick 12 on the right side of seat 21. On the upper surface (top) of handle 11a and face, left side (driving the side of seat 21 side) of bucket bar operating stick 11, it is provided with described mandatory down gear switch 16,17. On the other hand, on the face, left side (driving the side of seat 21 side) of the handle 12a of scraper bowl operating stick 12, it is provided with the described secondary switch 19 of pattern switching. Replace the face, left side of the handle 12a of scraper bowl operating stick 12, this pair switch 19 can be arranged at the upper surface of this handle 12a, or the upper surface that can also be arranged at this handle 12a except face, left side is (namely, can only be arranged at the upper surface (top) of handle 12a, it is also possible to as mandatory down gear switch 16,17, be arranged at upper surface and the face, left side of handle 12a). In addition, bucket bar operating stick 11 has maintain the stop-gear 11b (in fig. 2 indicative icon) of its posture in the raise up position of action of instruction bucket bar.

As mentioned above, it is necessary, mandatory down gear switch 16,17, secondary switch 19 is the switch of button-type, but is all the button of alternative expression in the present embodiment. Therefore, when travelling with the velocity stage beyond 1 speed (when there is the velocity stage of more low speed), a certain individual whenever mandatory down gear switch 16,17 is operated 1 time, just export downshift signal from controller 136 to transmission control portion 138 according to this operation signal, fall 1 grade to low speed every time, when operating mandatory down gear switch 16,17 under 1 grade, return the velocity stage that Negotiation speed level switch 15 is selected. But, when 1 speed selected by Negotiation speed level switch 15, then regardless of the operation with or without mandatory down gear switch 16,17, velocity stage is not from 1 speed speed change. In addition, for secondary switch 19, only when have selected E pattern by main switch 18, its operation is just accepted by controller 136. That is, when selecting P pattern by main switch 18, driving mode is fixed as P pattern, even if the secondary switch 19 of operation, also can not export the switching signal of driving mode from controller 136 to engine control portion 137, and driving mode also can not switch to E pattern. Now, the highest rotating speed of engine 131 does not limit, it is possible to increases in its limit of power and travels motivating force, and can improve max. speed. On the other hand, when have selected E pattern by main switch 18, exporting mode switching signal from controller 136 to engine control portion 137 when being pressed by pair switch 19 in traveling, driving mode switches to P pattern, returns E pattern when being pressed by pair switch 19 again. In E pattern, the highest rotating speed of engine 131 is restricted to low speed side, suppresses original maximum traveling motivating force and max. speed thus fuel efficiency improves. Then being also often operate 1 secondary switch 19 when main switch 18 is positioned at E pattern, driving mode just switches to P pattern, E pattern, P pattern repeatedly ....

Next, the example wheel loader of said structure carrying out typically excavation action is described.

Fig. 8 represents to be excavated the mode chart of the state digging operation of thing by wheel loader 100 by during the loading truck such as sand or gravel etc.

As shown in Figure 8, when digging by excavation thing, typically, first (A) advances to by the accumulation body P (following, referred to as " accumulation body P ") of excavation thing with the degree of such as 2 velocity stages, close to accumulation body P. Now, main switch 18 is arranged at E position, and driving mode is chosen as E pattern in advance. Next (B) operation bucket bar operating stick 11 and scraper bowl operating stick 12 and make bucket bar 121 decline and make scraper bowl 122 opening toward the front, and pressing mandatory down gear switch 16 or 17 and force downshifts to be 1 speed from 2 speed before being about to insertion accumulation body P. Force downshift to be 1 speed be because needing big traveling motivating force by when being loaded scraper bowl 122 by excavation thing.

After insertion accumulation body P, next (C) uses the stop-gear 11b of bucket bar operating stick 11 to keep bucket bar rising action. Thus operator hand is left bucket bar operating stick 11 back bucket bar 121 also continues struggle against bar rising action. In addition, bucket bar rising action in, make by making scraper bowl operating stick 12 action scraper bowl 122 carry out shovel dress action thus will by excavation thing dig in scraper bowl 122. When digging this and excavated thing, by gas pedal 13 enter into add subtract adjust travel motivating force (tractive force). Now, by excavate thing dig in operation according to being excavated the proterties of thing, the state and existing on road surface travels motivating force and do not rise to the good situation of more than necessity and the situation of the bigger traveling motivating force of requirement, so operator is judged by situation and switches E pattern and P pattern in good time, while avoiding road surface to cave in due to skidding, scraper bowl 122 will be dug by excavation thing. After being piled up in scraper bowl 122 by excavation thing like this, operator (D) operates forward-reverse change-over switch 14 and travel direction switches to rear, retreat and leave from accumulation body P, and again travel direction is switched to front and to mobile near dump truck (not shown), operation bucket bar operating stick 11 and scraper bowl operating stick 12 and thing will be excavated dropped into the wagon box etc. of dump truck.

In addition, as driving mode, select a certain this situation of E pattern and P pattern, by the display exported from controller 136 based on the operation signal from main switch 18 and secondary switch 19, it is shown in the display portion 25 in the front driving seat 21.

According to the present embodiment, it is possible to play following such action effect.

(1) raising of operability

When temporarily needing big traveling motivating force as described above, if the secondary switch 19 of pressing operation, driving mode switches to P pattern, so do not need excavate in operation by hand from working rig operating gear 20 leave taking by main switch 18 blocked operation of side instrument panel 22 as P pattern, it is possible to guarantee good workability. Moreover, it is possible to immediately driving mode is switched to P pattern by the pressing operation of secondary switch 19 unrelatedly with velocity stage, so for also useful under making traveling motivating force in the case of of temporarily increasing with 2 speed climbings when such as travelling. In addition, after driving mode being switched to P pattern by the operation of secondary switch 19, if the switch 19 of operation pair again, driving mode can be made to return E pattern. Therefore, it is possible to when main switch 18 is operating as E pattern, by the hobby any switching laws driving mode of operator, it is possible to rapidly and easily carry out the operation of pattern switching, control flexibly travels motivating force.

Here, usually for bucket bar operating stick 11, hold handle 11a or hold above gently hand being placed on or from top or from laterally holding, there is the hobby according to situation, operator and different tendencies. Therefore in the present embodiment, the left side of scraper bowl operating stick 12 is configured at Proximity operation person, bucket bar operating stick 11 is configured at distance operator right side far away, and 2 positions in upper surface and the face, left side of the handle 11a at bucket bar operating stick 11 (namely close to the side driving seat 21 side) arrange the mandatory down gear switch 16,17 that velocity stage is forced downshift, and which mandatory down gear switch 16,17 can both carry out pressure downshift and operate. Therefore, at the mandatory down gear switch 17 from the hand thumb operative configuration face on the left of handle 11a by coming from the left side of handle 11a easy when the handle 11a of top, when from transverse direction (right side) handle 11a, it is easy to by hand thumb operative configuration in the mandatory down gear switch 16 of the upper surface of handle 11a. By arranging 2 mandatory down gear switch 16,17 respectively in upper surface and the face, left side of the handle 11a of bucket bar operating stick 11 like this, can both easily carry out downshift operation unrelatedly with the method for holding with a firm grip of handle 11a.

In addition, when having been dug by excavation thing by scraper bowl 122, need the action carrying out scraper bowl shovel dress parallel, bucket bar rises, body advances, but when struggling against the stop-gear 11b utilizing bucket bar operating stick 11 in bar lifting operations, there is operator and hand is left bucket bar operating stick 11 and holds the tendency that handle 12a operates scraper bowl operating stick 12 from top. In the operating process of this scraper bowl operating stick 12, bigger traveling motivating force can be required according to situation in good time, under such circumstances, owing to scraper bowl operating stick 12 in operation having the secondary switch 19 of pattern switching, it is possible to the state keeping hand-held scraper bowl operating stick 12 directly operates secondary switch 19, it is not necessary in order to switch driving mode, hand is left or be changed to another operating stick of operation from working rig operating gear 20. And, owing to arranging secondary switch 19 in the face, left side of handle 12a, so easily carried out the blocked operation of driving mode by the thumb of the right hand being placed on handle 12a.

Like this, can while consider to be excavated the practical situation of the excavation operation of thing and by mandatory down gear switch 16,17, the secondary switch 19 of driving mode switching distribute to bucket bar operating stick 11 and scraper bowl operating stick 12, by their position, number are set to suitably and further improve operability. In addition, by the secondary switch 19 of mandatory down gear switch 16,17 and driving mode switching is distributed to bucket bar operating stick 11 and scraper bowl operating stick 12, it is possible to make to be not easy to mistake to force the blocked operation of downshift operation with driving mode, it is possible to suppress mishandle.

Like this, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve operability further.

In addition, during traveling beyond such excavation operation etc. when inoperation working rig operating gear 20, also exist and temporarily improve, when travelling when such as climbing, the situation travelling motivating force, in this case too, due on the scraper bowl operating stick 12 of secondary switch 19 person that is arranged at Proximity operation of pattern switching, so the blocked operation of driving mode becomes easy. This is also to guaranteeing that good operability is useful.

(2) effect of alternative expression switch

By by mandatory down gear switch 16,17, the secondary switch 19 of pattern switching be set to alternative expression switch, each switch 16,17,19 can select arbitrarily velocity stage, driving mode with monomer respectively, it is possible to suppress to force the installation space of each mechanism of the blocked operation of downshift operation and driving mode, it is possible to be configured at suitable for these switches 16,17,19 in the little installation space of each handle 11a, 12a of bucket bar operating stick 11, scraper bowl operating stick 12. The realization that switch 16,17,19 contributes to above-mentioned high operability widely is configured like this on handle 11a, 12a. In addition, these switches 16,17,19 are alternative expression, so compared with such as multiple mandatory down gear switch is set in order to directly select each velocity stage respectively or the situation of 2 secondary switches of E pattern and P model selection is set, driving mode, velocity stage just can be set arbitrarily, so operation is also simple by 1 switch.

(3) identification of driving mode is guaranteed

Owing to selected driving mode is shown in the display portion 25 monitoring panel 24 at any time, even if so frequently switch driving mode by secondary switch 19, operator also suitably can confirm driving mode by display portion 25. Thus operator suitably can confirm driving mode while operating on one side, can easily carry out the setting operation by the driving mode of oneself intention, can suppress such as when driving mode is P pattern, think by mistake have selected E pattern and entered into gas pedal 13 time etc. travel motivating force run counter to operator wish rise and cause the mishandles such as road surface depression.

In addition, in the above enforcement mode illustrated, the example of situation in the face, left side that the secondary switch 19 being enumerated driving mode switching is only arranged at the handle 12a of scraper bowl operating stick 12 is illustrated, but it is not limited to which, it is possible to adopt and secondary switch 19 is only arranged 1 or respectively arrange the structure of 1 (2) at upper surface and face, left side at the upper surface of handle 12a. When assuming from the horizontal handle 12a holding scraper bowl operating stick 12, if the secondary switch 19 of driving mode switching is positioned at the top of the handle 12a of scraper bowl operating stick 12, then easily pressed by hand thumb. In addition, if according to operator method of the holding difference of scraper bowl operating stick 12, as long as then secondary switch 19 be positioned at the upper surface of the handle 12a of scraper bowl operating stick 12 and face, left side both sides just useful.

In addition, exemplified with the situation using alternative expression switch in secondary switch 19, but due to assume secondary switch 19 for driving mode temporarily and the operation of the switching of short period of time, so the switch that both can consider to be both button-type can also be considered to be set to instantaneous formula switch. When adopting instantaneous formula switch, if pair switch 19 is pressed when have selected E pattern by main switch 18, then export mode switching signal from controller 136 to engine control portion 137 according to this operation signal, only switch to P pattern pair switch 19 being pressed period driving mode, secondary switch 19 press be stopped time driving mode return E pattern.

In addition, although according to from controller 136 to the output of the control signal in engine control portion 137, make the highest rotating speed of the engine 131 when have selected P pattern unrestricted, when have selected E pattern, the highest rotating speed of engine 131 is limited in low speed side, as long as but due to the highest rotating speed of engine of P pattern be positioned at high-speed side compared with the highest rotating speed of engine during E pattern, so the highest rotating speed of engine need not be made unrestricted when P pattern. In addition, being illustrated driving mode is E pattern and the situation of P pattern two patterns, but the driving mode of the upper limit that can also prepare the highest rotating speed of engine different more than 3. In this case, it is preferred that often operating 1 secondary switch 19, driving mode just switches in turn, so that often operating 1 mandatory down gear switch 16 or 17, velocity stage is change 1 grade just.

In addition, although detecting fluid torque-converter velocity ratio e by Rotating speed measring device 145,146, but speed can be arbitrary than the structure of detecting unit. Although the rotation of engine 131 being passed to front-wheel 113 and trailing wheel 114 via fluid torque-converter 132, variator 133, transmission shaft 141, wheel shaft 142, but the structure travelling driving force transfer mechanism can be arbitrary.

In addition, not only by mandatory down gear switch 16,17, secondary switch 19 as mode selector switch as mentioned above also can also be arranged at the upper surface of the handle of operating stick and drive these two positions, side of seat 21 side. Operate same with the downshift undertaken by mandatory down gear switch 16,17, the variable speed operation undertaken by secondary switch 19 also shares as the operation relevant with tractive force, if secondary switch 19 is arranged at 2 positions of handle, then according to operator, situation, it is possible to contribute to the raising of operability when digging operation of sand etc.

In addition, it is enumerated the situation that bucket bar operating stick 11 and scraper bowl operating stick 12 are arranged at the right side driving seat 21 and it is illustrated, but can also have the situation being arranged at the left side driving seat 21. In addition, it is preferable that scraper bowl operating stick 12 is configured at bucket bar operating stick 11 driving seat 21 side, but also can be scraper bowl operating stick 12 is arranged at drive seat side structure.

Now, assume that the switch being configured at the side of handle 11a of bucket bar operating stick 11 or the side of the handle 12a of scraper bowl operating stick 12 in mandatory down gear switch 16,17 and secondary switch 19 is as mentioned above by from thumb manipulation during upper handle, being therefore configured at the side of driving seat 21 side of handle 11a, 12a. Therefore, when bucket bar operating stick 11 and scraper bowl operating stick 12 are arranged at the left side driving seat 21, mandatory down gear switch 16,17 is configured at upper surface and the face, right side of the handle 11a of bucket bar operating stick 11. Equally, when secondary switch 19 is arranged at the side of handle 12a of the scraper bowl operating stick 12 being configured at the left side driving seat 21, this pair switch 19 is configured at the side i.e. face, right side of driving seat 21 side of handle 12a.

Description of reference numerals

11: bucket bar operating stick

11a: handle

11b: stop-gear

12: scraper bowl operating stick

12a: handle

16,17: mandatory down gear switch

19: secondary switch (mode selector switch)

20: working rig operating gear

21: drive seat

25: display portion (display mechanism)

100: wheel loader

110: vehicle body

113: front-wheel

114: trailing wheel

120: working rig

121: bucket bar

122: scraper bowl

123: bucket bar hydro-cylinder

124: scraper bowl hydro-cylinder

Claims (7)

1. a wheel loader, comprising:

Vehicle body, it has wheel;

Working rig, it is installed on the front portion of this vehicle body; With

Working rig operating gear, it indicates the action of this working rig,

This working rig operating gear comprises:

The operating stick of the action instruction of described working rig, described operating stick is arranged at the sidepiece driving seat; With on the handle being arranged at described operating stick, for carrying out the switch of the operation relevant with tractive force,

Described working rig has bucket bar and scraper bowl and drives these bucket bars and the bucket bar hydro-cylinder of scraper bowls and scraper bowl hydro-cylinder,

Described working rig operating gear comprises:

As the bucket bar operating stick that the action of bucket bar hydro-cylinder described operating stick, described indicates; With

The scraper bowl operating stick of the action instruction of described scraper bowl hydro-cylinder, the described driving seat side of this bucket bar operating stick is located at side by side by described scraper bowl operating stick,

Described wheel loader is characterised in that,

Described switch is made up of two switches, and these two switches are on the side of the described driving seat side of the upper surface of the handle being arranged at described bucket bar operating stick and the handle of described bucket bar operating stick, for making velocity stage force the mandatory down gear switch of downshift,

Described working rig operating gear comprises mode selector switch, and it is arranged at the side of the described driving seat side of the handle of described scraper bowl operating stick, for being switched by multiple driving modes that the higher limit of engine maximum speed of revolution is different.

2. wheel loader according to claim 1, it is characterised in that,

Replace the side that described mode selector switch is arranged on the described driving seat side of the handle of described scraper bowl operating stick and described mode selector switch is arranged on the upper surface of this handle, or by described mode selector switch except being arranged on the side of this driving seat side, also it is arranged on the upper surface of this handle.

3. wheel loader according to claim 1, it is characterised in that,

Described mode selector switch is button, is indicated the switching of the different multiple driving modes of the upper limit of engine maximum speed of revolution by monomer.

4. wheel loader according to claim 2, it is characterised in that,

Described mode selector switch is button, is indicated the switching of the different multiple driving modes of the upper limit of engine maximum speed of revolution by monomer.

5. wheel loader according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that,

Comprising display mechanism, described display mechanism shows the driving mode selected by described mode selector switch.

6. wheel loader according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that,

Comprising stop-gear, the posture of described bucket bar operating stick is maintained the position of instruction bucket bar rising action by described stop-gear.

7. wheel loader according to claim 5, it is characterised in that,

Comprising stop-gear, the posture of described bucket bar operating stick is maintained the position of instruction bucket bar rising action by described stop-gear.