CN103269114B - Bi-directional charging device and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bi-directional charging device and system and belongs to the field of charging. The bi-directional charging device comprises a first rectification inverter, a first wireless receiving and dispatching module, a wired charging module and a first control module. The first rectification inverter is used for inverting first direct currents output by a power storage device to obtain first alternating currents, or used for rectifying received second alternating currents or third alternating currents to obtain second direct currents or third direct currents and outputting the second direct currents or the third direct currents to the power storage device. The first wireless receiving and dispatching module is used for converting the first alternating currents to first electromagnetic waves and sending the first electromagnetic waves, or used for receiving second electromagnetic waves and converting the second electromagnetic waves to the second alternating currents. The wired charging module is used for outputting the first alternating currents to a power supply or used for outputting the third alternating currents transmitted by the power supply to the first rectification inverter. The bi-directional charging device achieves a bi-directional charging function.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of power electronics, and in particular, to a bidirectional charging device and system.
Background
The electric vehicle is a vehicle that runs by driving wheels with a motor using a vehicle-mounted battery as power. The electric automobile has a good development prospect because the influence on the environment is smaller than that of the traditional automobile.
Since the electric vehicle is powered by the vehicle-mounted battery, the vehicle-mounted battery needs to be charged. With the progress of the charging technology, in addition to the traditional wired charging technology, the wireless charging technology is also applied to electric vehicles, and a wireless charging and transmitting device arranged in a parking lot or other positions converts electric energy output by a power supply into electromagnetic waves and transmits the electromagnetic waves; the wireless charging receiving device is correspondingly arranged on the electric automobile to receive the electromagnetic waves and convert the electromagnetic waves into electric energy to be input into the vehicle-mounted battery.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
with the development of the electric vehicle technology, the vehicle-mounted battery of the electric vehicle can be used as an important electric storage device to exchange energy with a power grid (power supply), and under some special conditions, the vehicle-mounted battery of the electric vehicle may be required to charge the power grid, but the charging modes (including wired charging and wireless charging) only have a one-way charging function, and bidirectional charging between the vehicle-mounted battery of the electric vehicle and the power grid cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that bidirectional charging between a vehicle-mounted battery of an electric automobile and a power grid cannot be realized in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a bidirectional charging device and a bidirectional charging system. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bidirectional charging apparatus, which is suitable for exchanging energy between a vehicle-mounted electrical storage device and a power supply, and includes:
the first rectifying inverter is used for inverting a first direct current output by the electric storage equipment to obtain a first alternating current, or rectifying a received second alternating current or third alternating current to obtain a second direct current or a third direct current, and outputting the second direct current or the third direct current to the electric storage equipment;
the first wireless transceiving module is used for converting the first alternating current output by the first rectifying inverter into a first electromagnetic wave and sending the first electromagnetic wave, or receiving a second electromagnetic wave and converting the second electromagnetic wave into a second alternating current;
the wired charging module is used for outputting the first alternating current output by the first rectifying inverter to a power supply or outputting the third alternating current transmitted by the power supply to the first rectifying inverter;
the first control module is used for controlling the first rectifying inverter to switch between an inversion state and a rectification state and controlling one of the first wireless transceiving module and the wired charging module to be in a working state; when the first rectifying inverter is controlled to work in a rectifying state, the first wireless transceiving module is controlled to receive the second electromagnetic wave, or the wired charging module is controlled to output the third alternating current to the first rectifying inverter; when the first rectifying inverter is controlled to work in an inversion state, the first wireless transceiving module is controlled to send the first electromagnetic wave, or the wired charging module is controlled to output the first alternating current to a power supply.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the first wireless transceiving module includes:
a first coil L1, a first capacitor C1, a first switch K1, a second coil L2, a second capacitor C2 and a second switch K2, wherein the first coil L1 and the first capacitor C1 are connected in series, the second coil L2 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in parallel, the first switch K1 and the first coil L1 are connected in series, the second switch K2 and the second coil L2 are connected in series, and the first control module is further used for controlling the switching actions of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2; or,
the first wireless transceiving module comprises: a third coil L3, a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4, wherein the third coil L3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the third capacitor C3.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes: a first bidirectional DC converter connected between the electrical storage device and the first rectifying inverter.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the first control module is further configured to control the output power of the first bidirectional dc-to-dc converter according to a wireless transmission efficiency.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the first control module includes a first digital signal processor and a first wireless communication unit, and the first wireless communication unit is electrically connected to the first digital signal processor.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the wired charging module includes: the power supply comprises a single-phase or three-phase selection circuit used for being connected with a single-phase or three-phase power supply and a filter circuit electrically connected with the single-phase or three-phase selection circuit.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a bidirectional charging system, where the system includes:
the bidirectional charging device as described above;
the power supply conversion module is used for converting the output of the power supply into fourth direct current, or converting fifth direct current and outputting the converted fifth direct current to the power supply;
the second rectifying inverter is used for inverting the fourth direct current output by the power conversion module to obtain fourth alternating current, or rectifying the received fifth alternating current to obtain fifth direct current and outputting the fifth direct current to the power conversion module;
the second wireless transceiver module is configured to convert the fourth alternating current output by the second rectifying inverter into a second electromagnetic wave and send the second electromagnetic wave, or receive a first electromagnetic wave and convert the first electromagnetic wave into the fifth alternating current;
the second control module is used for controlling the second rectifying inverter to switch between an inversion state and a rectification state;
the second control module is wirelessly connected with the first control module.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the second wireless transceiver module includes:
a fourth coil L4, a tenth capacitor C6, a twelfth switch K3, a fifth coil L5, an eleventh capacitor C7 and a thirteenth switch K4, wherein the fourth coil L4 is connected in series with the tenth capacitor C6, the fifth coil L5 is connected in parallel with the eleventh capacitor C7, the twelfth switch K3 is connected in series with the fourth coil L4, the thirteenth switch K4 is connected in series with the fifth coil L5, and the second control module is further configured to control switching actions of the twelfth switch K3 and the thirteenth switch K4; or,
the second wireless transceiving module comprises: the sixth coil L6, a twelfth capacitor C8 and a thirteenth capacitor C9, wherein the sixth coil L6 and the thirteenth capacitor C9 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the twelfth capacitor C8.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the power conversion module includes: the output end of the second bidirectional direct current converter and the output end of the single-phase or three-phase rectification inverter are respectively connected with the input end of the second rectification inverter.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the second control module is further configured to control the output power of the second bidirectional dc converter or the single-phase or three-phase rectification inverter according to a wireless transmission efficiency.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the second control module is further configured to control the output power of the second bidirectional dc-to-dc converter according to a wireless transmission efficiency.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the second control module includes a second digital signal processor and a second wireless communication unit, and the second wireless communication unit is electrically connected to the second digital signal processor.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the first control module is used for controlling the first rectifying inverter to be in an inversion state, so that the first rectifying inverter inverts the first direct current output by the electric storage device to obtain first alternating current, and the first control module simultaneously controls the first wireless transceiving module to convert the first alternating current into first electromagnetic waves and send the first electromagnetic waves, so that energy can be provided for a power supply; or, the first control module is used for controlling the first wireless transceiving module to receive the second electromagnetic wave and convert the second electromagnetic wave into second alternating current, and meanwhile, the first control module controls the first rectifying inverter to be in a rectifying state, so that the first rectifying inverter rectifies the second alternating current to obtain second direct current, and outputs the second direct current to the electric storage equipment, thereby receiving energy provided by the power supply; the device realizes the bidirectional charging function, and simultaneously comprises a wired charging module, thereby realizing the combination of wireless charging and wired charging.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional charging device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional charging device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a side view of a first magnetic field shielding plate according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a plan view of a first magnetic field shielding plate according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional charging system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional charging system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional charging system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a side view of a second magnetic field shielding plate provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a plan view of a second magnetic field shielding plate according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides a bidirectional charging apparatus, which is suitable for exchanging energy between an electrical storage device (such as a battery mounted on an electric vehicle) and a power grid (power supply), and which may be disposed on the electric vehicle, and referring to fig. 1, the apparatus includes:
the first rectifying inverter 101 is configured to invert a first direct current output by the electrical storage device to obtain a first alternating current, or rectify a received second alternating current or third alternating current to obtain a second direct current or third direct current, and output the second direct current or the third direct current to the electrical storage device;
a first wireless transceiver module 102, configured to convert the first alternating current output by the first rectifying inverter 101 into a first electromagnetic wave and send the first electromagnetic wave, or receive a second electromagnetic wave and convert the second electromagnetic wave into a second alternating current;
the wired charging module 103 is configured to output the first alternating current output by the first rectifying inverter 101 to a power supply, or output a third alternating current transmitted by the power supply to the first rectifying inverter;
the first control module 104 is configured to control the first rectifying inverter 101 to switch between an inverting state and a rectifying state, and control one of the first wireless transceiver module 102 and the wired charging module 103 to be in an operating state.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the first rectifying inverter is controlled in an inversion state by the first control module, so that the first rectifying inverter inverts the first direct current output by the electric storage device to obtain the first alternating current, and the first control module simultaneously controls the first wireless transceiving module to convert the first alternating current into the first electromagnetic wave and send the first electromagnetic wave, so that energy can be provided for a power supply; or, the first control module is used for controlling the first wireless transceiving module to receive the second electromagnetic wave and convert the second electromagnetic wave into second alternating current, and meanwhile, the first control module controls the first rectifying inverter to be in a rectifying state, so that the first rectifying inverter rectifies the second alternating current to obtain second direct current, and outputs the second direct current to the electric storage equipment, thereby receiving energy provided by the power supply; the device realizes the bidirectional charging function, and simultaneously comprises a wired charging module, thereby realizing the combination of wireless charging and wired charging.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention provides a bidirectional charging device, which is suitable for exchanging energy between an electrical storage device (e.g., a vehicle-mounted battery of an electric vehicle) and a power grid (power supply), and may be disposed on the electric vehicle, with reference to fig. 2 to 3, and includes:
the system comprises a first rectifying inverter 201, a first wireless transceiving module 202, a wired charging module 203 and a first control module 204.
The first rectifying inverter 201 is configured to invert a first direct current output by the electrical storage device to obtain a first alternating current, or rectify a received second alternating current or third alternating current to obtain a second direct current or third direct current, and output the second direct current or the third direct current to the electrical storage device;
a first wireless transceiver module 202, configured to convert the first alternating current output by the first rectifying inverter 201 into a first electromagnetic wave and send the first electromagnetic wave, or receive a second electromagnetic wave and convert the second electromagnetic wave into a second alternating current;
the wired charging module 203 is configured to output the first alternating current output by the first rectifying inverter 201 to a power supply, or output a third alternating current transmitted by the power supply to the first rectifying inverter;
the first control module 204 is configured to control the first rectifying inverter 201 to switch between an inverting state and a rectifying state, and control one of the first wireless transceiving module 202 and the wired charging module 203 to be in a working state.
In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the first wireless transceiver module 202 includes:
the circuit comprises a first coil L1, a first capacitor C1, a first switch K1, a second coil L2, a second switch K2 and a second capacitor C2, wherein the first coil L1 is connected with the first capacitor C1 in series, the second coil C2 is connected with the second capacitor C2 in parallel, the first switch K1 is connected with the first coil L1 in series, and the second switch K2 is connected with the second coil L2 in series. The first control module 204 controls the first coil L1 or the second coil L2 to operate by controlling the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to open or close, so as to control the first wireless transceiving module 202 to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. In a mode of completing sending and receiving electromagnetic waves by using two sets of coils, the implementation mode is only a preferable mode, and in other implementation modes, the coils and the capacitors are connected in parallel to send the electromagnetic waves, and the coils and the capacitors are connected in series to receive the electromagnetic waves.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the first wireless transceiving module 202 includes: the third coil L3, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are connected in parallel, and then the third coil L3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are connected in series with the third capacitor C3. The third coil L3 herein performs both functions of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. In a mode of completing sending and receiving electromagnetic waves by using one set of coils, the implementation mode is only a preferable mode, and in other implementation modes, one coil and one capacitor are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the other capacitor to send or receive the electromagnetic waves.
The first coil L1, the second coil L2, and the third coil L3 are connected to two ac output terminals of the first rectifying inverter 201.
Specifically, the first rectifying inverter 201 includes six power devices, which constitute a three-bridge arm structure. The power device may be an IGBT (insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) or a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor).
Specifically, the first control module 204 is connected to a base of a power device in the first rectifying inverter 201, and causes the first rectifying inverter 201 to switch between an inverting state and a rectifying state by outputting a driving signal to the power device. When the driving signal is a square wave signal, the first rectifying inverter 201 is in an inverting state, and when the driving signal is a low level signal, the first rectifying inverter 201 is in a rectifying state.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: and a first bidirectional dc converter 205 connected between the electric storage device and the first rectifying inverter 201.
Further, the wired charging module 203 includes: the power supply comprises a single-phase or three-phase selection circuit used for being connected with a single-phase or three-phase power supply and a filter circuit electrically connected with the single-phase or three-phase selection circuit. The single-phase or three-phase selection circuit comprises: a third switch K5, a fourth switch K6 and a fifth switch K7 for connecting the live line, and a sixth switch K8 for connecting the ground line, the filter circuit comprising: a seventh switch K9, an eighth switch K10, a ninth switch K11, a fifth capacitor C11, a sixth capacitor C12, a seventh capacitor C13, a first inductor L7, a second inductor L8, and a third inductor L9; the fifth capacitor C11, the sixth capacitor C12 and the seventh capacitor C13 are connected in parallel, and the fifth capacitor C11, the sixth capacitor C12 and the seventh capacitor C13 are connected in series with the first inductor L7, the second inductor L8 and the third inductor L9 through a seventh switch K9, an eighth switch K10 and a ninth switch K11 respectively.
During wired charging, when the power supply charges the power storage device, and the power supply is three-phase power, the third switch K5, the fourth switch K6, and the fifth switch K7 are turned on, the sixth switch K8 is turned off, and at this time, the power supply is converted into high-voltage direct current voltage through the first inductor L7, the second inductor L8, the third inductor L9, and the first rectifying inverter 201 in a rectifying mode, and the high-voltage direct current voltage is reduced by the first bidirectional direct current converter 205 to charge the power storage device. When the power supply charges the power storage device and is single-phase power, the fourth switch K6 and the fifth switch K7 are turned off, the third switch K5 and the sixth switch K8 are turned on, at this time, the power supply is converted into high-voltage direct-current voltage through the rectification mode of the first inductor L7, the third inductor L9 and the first rectification inverter 201, and the high-voltage direct-current voltage is reduced by the first bidirectional direct-current converter 205 to charge the power storage device.
During wired charging, when the power storage device charges the power supply, and the power supply is three-phase, the switches of the third switch K5, the fourth switch K6 and the fifth switch K7 are turned on, the sixth switch K8 is turned off, the switches of the seventh switch K9, the eighth switch K10 and the ninth switch K11 are all turned on, the output of the power storage device is increased in voltage through the first bidirectional dc converter, and then is converted into alternating current through inversion of the first rectifier inverter 201, and the alternating current is fed to the power supply through the filter circuit formed by the first inductor L7, the second inductor L8, the third inductor L9, the fifth capacitor C11, the sixth capacitor 12 and the seventh capacitor C13. When the power storage equipment charges the power supply and the power supply is single-phase power, the switch third switch K5 is switched on, the fourth switch K6 and the fifth switch K7 are switched off, the seventh switch K9 is switched on, the eighth switch K10 and the ninth switch K11 are switched off, the output of the power storage equipment is increased in voltage after passing through the first bidirectional direct current converter, then the voltage is converted into alternating current after being inverted by the first rectifying inverter 201, and the alternating current feeds the power supply after passing through a filter circuit formed by the first inductor L7, the third inductor L9 and the fifth capacitor C11.
During wireless charging, the third switch K5, the fourth switch K6, the fifth switch K7, the sixth switch K8, the seventh switch K9, the eighth switch K10 and the ninth switch K11 are all turned off.
The first control module 204 controls the third switch K5, the fourth switch K6, the fifth switch K7, the sixth switch K8, the seventh switch K9, the eighth switch K10 and the ninth switch K11 to charge the storage battery with the single-phase or three-phase alternating current power, or the storage battery charges the storage battery with the single-phase or three-phase alternating current power.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: the tenth switch K12 and the eleventh switch K13 are disposed between the first wireless transceiving module 202 and the first rectifying inverter 201, and the first control module 204 controls the first wireless transceiving module 202 to operate or not to operate by controlling the tenth switch K12 and the eleventh switch K13 to be closed or opened.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: and an eighth capacitor C10 connected in parallel with the first rectifying inverter 201, wherein the eighth capacitor C10 is a dc bus capacitor and mainly used for storing energy and smoothing waves.
Further, the first bidirectional dc converter 205 includes a fourth inductor L10, a ninth capacitor C14, and two power devices, the ninth capacitor C14 is connected in parallel with the power storage device, one end of the fourth inductor L10 is connected between the two power devices, and the other end of the fourth inductor L10 is connected between the ninth capacitor C14 and the positive electrode of the power storage device.
Referring to fig. 4-5, the apparatus further comprises: the first magnetic shield 206, the first coil L1 and the second coil L2 are all disposed proximate to the first magnetic shield. In another implementation, the third coil L3 is disposed proximate to the first magnetic field shield. By providing the first magnetic field shielding plate 206, it is possible to improve a wireless transmission effect and prevent a magnetic field from leaking.
Further, the first control module 204 may include a first DSP (Digital Signal Processor) and a first wireless communication unit electrically connected to the first DSP. The first wireless communication unit may employ zigbee for information transmission.
Further, the first control module 204 is further configured to control the output power of the first bidirectional dc-to-dc converter 205 according to the wireless transmission efficiency, so as to maximize the wireless transmission efficiency. Here, the wireless transmission efficiency is a ratio of the transmission power of the bidirectional charging apparatus in the second embodiment to the reception power of the bidirectional charging apparatus in this embodiment (i.e., the output power of the first bidirectional dc/dc converter 205).
Specifically, the wireless transmission efficiency is related to the linear distance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, the offset position, and the magnitude of the load power. In the process of charging the power storage device by the power supply, after the linear distance and the offset position of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are relatively static, the first control module 204 can maximize the wireless transmission efficiency by controlling the output power (i.e., the load power) of the first bidirectional dc converter 205. In a specific control process, the first control module 204 may control the first bidirectional dc converter 205 to perform power sweep, that is, gradually change the output power of the first bidirectional dc converter 205, compare the wireless transmission efficiencies under different output powers, determine the maximum wireless transmission efficiency, and control the output power of the first bidirectional dc converter 205 at an output power value corresponding to the maximum wireless transmission efficiency. When calculating the wireless transmission efficiency, the first control module 204 may collect the output power of the first bidirectional dc converter 205, and obtain the output power of the power conversion module in the bidirectional charging system in the fourth embodiment through wireless communication.
The operation principle of the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be briefly described below by taking a power supply as an example for wirelessly charging an electric storage device, wherein the first wireless transceiver module adopts the structure shown in fig. 2:
the first control module 204 receives an instruction for charging the power storage device, which is input by a user through an input device such as a button, voice, or a touch panel, or receives an instruction for charging the power storage device, which is transmitted by the user, through wireless communication.
The first control module 204 controls the first switch K2 to be closed and the second switch K1 to be opened, and the second coil L2 receives electromagnetic waves in this working state. The first control module enables the first rectifying inverter to work in a rectifying state by controlling driving signals of six power devices of the first rectifying inverter.
The second coil L2 is in resonance with the fourth coil L4 in the fourth embodiment during operation.
Charging the power storage device to the power supply is the reverse of the above-described process, and will not be described here.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the first rectifying inverter is controlled in an inversion state by the first control module, so that the first rectifying inverter inverts the first direct current output by the electric storage device to obtain the first alternating current, and the first control module simultaneously controls the first wireless transceiving module to convert the first alternating current into the first electromagnetic wave and send the first electromagnetic wave, so that energy can be provided for a power supply; or, the first control module is used for controlling the first wireless transceiving module to receive the second electromagnetic wave and convert the second electromagnetic wave into second alternating current, and meanwhile, the first control module controls the first rectifying inverter to be in a rectifying state, so that the first rectifying inverter rectifies the second alternating current to obtain second direct current, and outputs the second direct current to the electric storage equipment, thereby receiving energy provided by the power supply; the device realizes the bidirectional charging function, and simultaneously comprises a wired charging module, thereby realizing the combination of wireless charging and wired charging. And when the electric storage device is charged, the output power of the first bidirectional direct current converter is controlled, so that the transmission efficiency is maximized.
EXAMPLE III
An embodiment of the present invention provides a bidirectional charging system, which is suitable for exchanging energy between an electrical storage device (for example, an electric vehicle battery) and a power grid (power supply), and referring to fig. 6, the system includes:
the bidirectional charging device 301 as described in embodiment one or two;
a power conversion module 302, configured to convert an output of a power supply into a fourth direct current, or convert a fifth direct current, and output the converted fifth direct current to the power supply;
a second rectifying inverter 303, configured to invert the fourth direct current output by the power conversion module 302 to obtain a fourth alternating current, or rectify the received fifth alternating current to obtain a fifth direct current, and output the fifth direct current to the power conversion module;
a second wireless transceiving module 304, configured to convert the fourth ac power output by the second rectifying inverter 303 into a second electromagnetic wave and send the second electromagnetic wave, or receive the first electromagnetic wave and convert the first electromagnetic wave into a fifth ac power;
a second control module 305, configured to control the second rectifying inverter 303 to switch between an inverting state and a rectifying state;
the second control module 305 is wirelessly connected to the first control module.
In a specific implementation, the power supply may be a dc power supply or an ac power supply.
In the embodiment of the invention, the second control module is adopted to control the second rectifying inverter in an inversion state, so that the second rectifying inverter inverts the fourth direct current output by the power conversion module to obtain the fourth alternating current, and meanwhile, the second control module controls the second wireless transceiver module to convert the fourth alternating current into the second electromagnetic wave and send the second electromagnetic wave, thereby providing energy for corresponding electric storage equipment; the embodiment of the invention can also adopt a second control module to control a second wireless transceiver module to receive the first electromagnetic wave and convert the first electromagnetic wave into fifth alternating current, meanwhile, the second control module controls a second rectifying inverter in a rectifying state, so that the second rectifying inverter rectifies the received fifth alternating current to obtain fifth direct current and outputs the fifth direct current to the power supply conversion module, the power supply conversion module converts the fifth direct current and outputs the converted fifth direct current to a power supply, thereby receiving the energy provided by the electric storage equipment and further realizing the bidirectional charging function, and meanwhile, the device also comprises a charging interface, thereby realizing the combination of wireless charging and wired charging.
Example four
An embodiment of the present invention provides a bidirectional charging system, the device system is suitable for exchanging energy between an electrical storage device (for example, a vehicle-mounted battery of an electric vehicle) and a power grid (power supply), and referring to fig. 7 to 8, the system includes: the bidirectional charging device 401, the power conversion module 402, the second rectifier inverter 403, the second wireless transceiver module 404, and the second control module 405 are as described in the first or second embodiment.
The power conversion module 402 is configured to convert an output of the power supply into a fourth direct current, or convert a fifth direct current and output the converted fifth direct current to the power supply;
a second rectifying inverter 403, configured to invert the fourth direct current output by the power conversion module 402 to obtain a fourth alternating current, or rectify the received fifth alternating current to obtain a fifth direct current, and output the fifth direct current to the power conversion module;
a second wireless transceiver module 404, configured to convert the fourth alternating current output by the second rectifying inverter 403 into a second electromagnetic wave and send the second electromagnetic wave, or receive the first electromagnetic wave and convert the first electromagnetic wave into a fifth alternating current;
a second control module 405, configured to control the second rectifying inverter 403 to switch between an inverting state and a rectifying state;
the second control module 405 is wirelessly connected to the first control module.
In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 7, the second wireless transceiver module 404 includes:
the fourth coil L4, the tenth capacitor C6, the twelfth switch K3, the fifth coil L5, the eleventh capacitor C7 and the thirteenth switch K4, the fourth coil L4 is connected with the tenth capacitor C6 in series, the fifth coil C5 is connected with the eleventh capacitor C7 in parallel, the twelfth switch K3 is connected with the fourth coil L4 in series, and the thirteenth switch K4 is connected with the fifth coil L5 in series. The second control module 405 controls the fourth coil L4 or the fifth coil L5 to operate by controlling the twelfth switch K3 and the thirteenth switch K4 to be opened or closed, thereby controlling the second wireless transceiving module 404 to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. In a mode of completing sending and receiving electromagnetic waves by using two sets of coils, the implementation mode is only a preferable mode, and in other implementation modes, the coils and the capacitors are connected in parallel to send the electromagnetic waves, and the coils and the capacitors are connected in series to receive the electromagnetic waves.
Referring to fig. 8, in another implementation, the second wireless transceiver module 404 includes: the sixth coil L6, the twelfth capacitor C8 and the thirteenth capacitor C9 are connected in parallel, and then the sixth coil L6 and the thirteenth capacitor C9 are connected in series with the twelfth capacitor C8. The sixth coil L6 here performs both the functions of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. In a mode of completing sending and receiving electromagnetic waves by using one set of coils, the implementation mode is only a preferable mode, and in other implementation modes, one coil and one capacitor are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the other capacitor to send or receive the electromagnetic waves.
The fourth coil L4, the fifth coil L5, and the sixth coil L6 are connected to the two ac output terminals of the second rectifier inverter 403.
Specifically, the second rectifier inverter 403 includes four power devices, which form an H-bridge. The power device may be an IGBT or a MOSFET.
Specifically, the second control module 405 is connected to the base of the power device in the second rectifying inverter 403, and causes the second rectifying inverter 403 to switch the inversion and rectification states by outputting a driving signal to the power device. When the driving signal is a square wave signal, the second rectifying inverter 403 is in an inverting state, and when the driving signal is a low level signal, the second rectifying inverter 403 is in a rectifying state.
Specifically, the power conversion module 402 may include a second bidirectional dc converter and a single-phase or three-phase rectifier inverter, and an output terminal of the second bidirectional dc converter and an output terminal of the single-phase or three-phase rectifier inverter are respectively connected to an input terminal of the second rectifier inverter 403. The second bidirectional dc converter is used to connect the dc power source to the second rectifying inverter 403, and the single-phase or three-phase rectifying inverter is used to connect the ac power source to the second rectifying inverter 403, so that different conversion modes can be selected according to the type of the actual power source (dc power source or ac power source). It will be readily appreciated that in other implementations, the power conversion module 402 may include only the second bidirectional dc converter, or only a single-phase or three-phase rectifier inverter.
Further, the system further comprises: and a fourteenth capacitor C5 connected in parallel with the second rectifier inverter 403, wherein the fourteenth capacitor C5 is a dc bus capacitor and mainly used for storing energy and smoothing waves.
Referring to fig. 9-10, the system further comprises: the second magnetic shield plate 406, the fourth coil L4 and the fifth coil L5 are all arranged proximate to the second magnetic shield plate. In another implementation, the sixth coil L6 is disposed proximate to the second magnetic field shield. By providing the second magnetic field shield plate 406, it is possible to improve the wireless transmission effect and prevent the magnetic field from leaking.
Further, the second control module 405 may include a second DSP and a second wireless communication unit electrically connected to the second DSP. The second wireless communication unit may employ zigbee for information transmission.
Further, the second control module 405 is further configured to control the output power of the second bidirectional dc converter or the single-phase or three-phase rectifier inverter according to the wireless transmission efficiency, so as to maximize the wireless transmission efficiency. The wireless transmission efficiency is a ratio of the transmission power of the bidirectional charging device to the output power of the second bidirectional dc converter, or the output power of the single-phase or three-phase rectifier inverter.
Specifically, the wireless transmission efficiency is related to the linear distance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, the offset position, and the magnitude of the load power. In the process of charging the dc power supply by the electric storage device, after the linear distance and the offset position of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are relatively static, the second control module 405 may control the output power (i.e., the load power) of the second bidirectional dc converter to maximize the wireless transmission efficiency. In a specific control process, the second control module 405 may control the second bidirectional dc converter to perform power scan, that is, gradually change the output power of the second bidirectional dc converter, compare the wireless transmission efficiencies under different output powers, determine the maximum wireless transmission efficiency, and control the output power of the second bidirectional dc converter at an output power value corresponding to the maximum wireless transmission efficiency. When calculating the wireless transmission efficiency, the second control module 405 may collect the output power of the second bidirectional dc converter, and obtain the transmission power of the bidirectional charging device through wireless communication.
Similarly, in the process of charging the alternating current power supply by the electric storage device, after the linear distance and the offset position of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are relatively static, the maximum transmission efficiency can be obtained by controlling the output power of the single-phase or three-phase rectification inverter.
The operation principle of the system according to the embodiment of the present invention is briefly described below by taking an example of charging an electric storage device with a power supply in a wireless manner, where the second wireless transceiver module adopts the structure shown in fig. 7:
the second control module 405 receives an instruction to charge the power storage device, which is input by a user through an input device such as a button, voice, or a touch panel, or receives an instruction to charge the power storage device, which is transmitted by the user, through wireless communication.
The second control module 405 controls the twelfth switch K3 to be closed and the thirteenth switch K4 to be opened, and in this working state, the coil L4 emits electromagnetic waves. The second control module controls driving signals of four power devices of the second rectifying inverter to enable the third rectifying inverter to work in an inverting state.
The fourth coil L4 is in resonance with the second coil L2 during operation.
Charging the power storage device to the power supply is the reverse of the above-described process, and will not be described here.
In the embodiment of the invention, the second control module is adopted to control the second rectifying inverter in an inversion state, so that the second rectifying inverter inverts the fourth direct current output by the power conversion module to obtain the fourth alternating current, and meanwhile, the second control module controls the second wireless transceiver module to convert the fourth alternating current into the second electromagnetic wave and send the second electromagnetic wave, thereby providing energy for corresponding electric storage equipment; the embodiment of the invention can also adopt a second control module to control a second wireless transceiver module to receive the first electromagnetic wave and convert the first electromagnetic wave into fifth alternating current, meanwhile, the second control module controls a second rectifying inverter in a rectifying state, so that the second rectifying inverter rectifies the received fifth alternating current to obtain fifth direct current and outputs the fifth direct current to the power supply conversion module, the power supply conversion module converts the fifth direct current and outputs the converted fifth direct current to a power supply, thereby receiving the energy provided by the electric storage equipment and further realizing the bidirectional charging function, and meanwhile, the device also comprises a charging interface, thereby realizing the combination of wireless charging and wired charging. And when the power supply is charged, the output power of the first bidirectional direct current converter or the single-phase or three-phase rectification inverter is controlled, so that the transmission efficiency is maximized.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A bidirectional charging apparatus adapted to exchange energy between an electrical storage device mounted on a vehicle and a power supply, the apparatus comprising:
the first rectifying inverter is used for inverting a first direct current output by the electric storage equipment to obtain a first alternating current, or rectifying a received second alternating current or third alternating current to obtain a second direct current or a third direct current, and outputting the second direct current or the third direct current to the electric storage equipment;
the first wireless transceiving module is used for converting the first alternating current output by the first rectifying inverter into a first electromagnetic wave and sending the first electromagnetic wave, or receiving a second electromagnetic wave and converting the second electromagnetic wave into a second alternating current;
the wired charging module is used for outputting the first alternating current output by the first rectifying inverter to a power supply or outputting the third alternating current transmitted by the power supply to the first rectifying inverter;
the first control module is used for controlling the first rectifying inverter to switch between an inversion state and a rectification state and controlling one of the first wireless transceiving module and the wired charging module to be in a working state; when the first rectifying inverter is controlled to work in a rectifying state, the first wireless transceiving module is controlled to receive the second electromagnetic wave, or the wired charging module is controlled to output the third alternating current to the first rectifying inverter; when the first rectifying inverter is controlled to work in an inversion state, the first wireless transceiving module is controlled to send the first electromagnetic wave, or the wired charging module is controlled to output the first alternating current to a power supply.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first wireless transceiving module comprises:
a first coil L1, a first capacitor C1, a first switch K1, a second coil L2, a second capacitor C2 and a second switch K2, wherein the first coil L1 and the first capacitor C1 are connected in series, the second coil L2 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in parallel, the first switch K1 and the first coil L1 are connected in series, the second switch K2 and the second coil L2 are connected in series, and the first control module is further used for controlling the switching actions of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2; or,
the first wireless transceiving module comprises: a third coil L3, a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4, wherein the third coil L3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the third capacitor C3.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a first bidirectional DC converter connected between the electrical storage device and the first rectifying inverter.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first control module is further configured to control the output power of the first bidirectional DC converter according to a wireless transmission efficiency.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first control module comprises a first digital signal processor and a first wireless communication unit, the first wireless communication unit being electrically connected to the first digital signal processor.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the wired charging module comprises: the power supply comprises a single-phase or three-phase selection circuit used for being connected with a single-phase or three-phase power supply and a filter circuit electrically connected with the single-phase or three-phase selection circuit.
7. A bi-directional charging system, the system comprising:
a bidirectional charging device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6;
the power supply conversion module is used for converting the output of the power supply into fourth direct current, or converting fifth direct current and outputting the converted fifth direct current to the power supply;
the second rectifying inverter is used for inverting the fourth direct current output by the power conversion module to obtain fourth alternating current, or rectifying the received fifth alternating current to obtain fifth direct current and outputting the fifth direct current to the power conversion module;
the second wireless transceiver module is configured to convert the fourth alternating current output by the second rectifying inverter into a second electromagnetic wave and send the second electromagnetic wave, or receive a first electromagnetic wave and convert the first electromagnetic wave into the fifth alternating current;
the second control module is used for controlling the second rectifying inverter to switch between an inversion state and a rectification state;
the second control module is wirelessly connected with the first control module.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the second radio transceiver module comprises:
a fourth coil L4, a tenth capacitor C6, a twelfth switch K3, a fifth coil L5, an eleventh capacitor C7 and a thirteenth switch K4, wherein the fourth coil L4 is connected in series with the tenth capacitor C6, the fifth coil L5 is connected in parallel with the eleventh capacitor C7, the twelfth switch K3 is connected in series with the fourth coil L4, the thirteenth switch K4 is connected in series with the fifth coil L5, and the second control module is further configured to control switching actions of the twelfth switch K3 and the thirteenth switch K4; or,
the second wireless transceiving module comprises: the sixth coil L6, a twelfth capacitor C8 and a thirteenth capacitor C9, wherein the sixth coil L6 and the thirteenth capacitor C9 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the twelfth capacitor C8.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the power conversion module comprises: the output end of the second bidirectional direct current converter and the output end of the single-phase or three-phase rectification inverter are respectively connected with the input end of the second rectification inverter.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the second control module is further configured to control the output power of the second bidirectional dc converter or the single-phase or three-phase rectifier inverter according to a wireless transmission efficiency.
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| CN104659925A (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Wireless power transceiving method and device |
| US9548622B2 (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2017-01-17 | Wistron Corporation | Wirelessly charging a mobile device and utilizing the mobile device as a power source |
| CN104113120A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-22 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Wireless charging system and electric vehicle |
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| CN105186714A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-23 | 胡江浩 | Low-power wireless charging circuit topological structure |
| CN106533243B (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2019-03-05 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Two-way charging inverter circuit of electric automobile and automobile |
| CN109687694B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-11-17 | 温州大学 | Multi-power supply integrated assembly and control method thereof |
| CN110932412A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-03-27 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Wireless treasured that charges |
| CN110696643B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2023-03-24 | 南京师范大学 | Electric vehicle wireless charging and discharging and positioning function multiplexing device and mode switching control method thereof |
| WO2022022586A1 (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-03 | 深圳市中孚能电气设备有限公司 | Bidirectional wireless charging apparatus, bidirectional wireless charging control method, and bidirectional charging headlight |
| CN112498134A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-16 | 北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院(电动车辆国家工程实验室深圳研究院) | Bidirectional energy flow vehicle-mounted charger with wireless power access |
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