A kind of ternary power lithium-ion battery is with low-temperature electrolyte and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrokinetic cell electrolyte technical field, specifically disclose a kind of ternary electrokinetic cell with low-temperature electrolyte and preparation method.
Background technology
As everyone knows, lithium ion battery have voltage height, specific energy big, discharge and recharge long, advantage such as discharge performance is stable, safe in utilization, environmentally friendly of life-span, more and more obtain people's extensive use, wherein ternary material lithium battery energy density is higher more than 30% than ferric phosphate lithium cell, and its cryogenic property, consistency etc. are all even better, and great room for promotion will be arranged future.
Along with developing rapidly of lithium ion battery applications, fields such as military and aviation require the low temperature scope of application of lithium ion battery below-40 ℃.Bibliographical information is arranged, and under-40 ℃, discharge capacity of the cell is extremely low even can not put.From the influencing factor of lithium ion battery, very most of relevant with electrolyte.So, can improve the low temperature performance of lithium ion battery by the structure of optimizing electrolyte, as selecting the wide solvent of operating temperature range; Consider mixed solvent system, thereby solve the fail safe and the environmental suitability of electrolyte; Select suitable solute, improve the environmental suitability of battery; Add an amount of additive favourable, improve filming performance, guarantee the interface stability of electrode/electrolyte and then the cryogenic property of raising battery low temperature.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of ternary lithium ion battery low-temperature electrolyte, its reasonable mixture ratio of components has the good low-temperature discharge performance, has effectively improved the difficult problem that (40 ℃) almost can not discharge under the lithium ion battery low temperature.
The present invention mainly adopts low-melting micromolecule ol ester, efficiently solves the inefficient problem of present lithium ion battery low temperature discharge.
The present invention reaches by following measure:
A kind of ternary power lithium-ion battery low-temperature electrolyte, it is characterized in that forming by lithium salts, organic solvent and additive, wherein the percent by volume of organic solvent and additive is: organic solvent accounts for 85%-97%, additive accounts for 3%-15%, and it is 0.6-1.5mol/L that the addition of lithium salts makes the concentration of electrolyte lithium salts.
Lithium salts of the present invention is taken from one or more in the following electrolyte lithium salt: LiPF
6, LiBF
4, LiBOB, LiDFOB, LiTFSI.
Organic solvent of the present invention is taken from following one or more, ethylene carbonate EC, propene carbonate PC, methyl ethyl carbonate EMC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, diethyl carbonate DEC, gamma-butyrolacton GBL, methyl acetate MA, ethyl acetate EA, methyl formate MF, methyl propionate MP, ethyl propionate EP, methyl butyrate MB, ethyl butyrate EB, n-propyl acetate PA, machine aqueous solvent content is not more than 10ppm.
Additive of the present invention is taken from one or more in the following additive: vinylene carbonate VC, 1,3-N-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid lactone PS, vinylethylene carbonate VEC, fluorinated ethylene carbonate FEC, biphenyl BP, cyclohexyl benzene CHB, ethylene sulfite ES, dimethyl sulfite DMS, sulfurous acid diethyl ester DES, N, N-dimethyl trifluoroacetamide DTA, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran MTHF.
A kind of ternary power lithium-ion battery preparation method of low-temperature electrolyte is characterized in that step is as follows:
Step 1, under the protection of the inert gas of drying, organic solvent joined to fluoridize carries out molecular sieve dehydration in the bottle and handle, make its water content between 0-10ppm.
Step 2, the additive that adds preset proportion in the organic solvent that stirs and lithium salts and material stir, and obtain needed low-temperature electrolyte, and the control temperature is 8-12 ℃ in the operating process.
The present invention adopts the electrolyte of above-mentioned compound method combination and mixes under the protection of the inert gas of drying; its reasonable mixture ratio; have the good low-temperature discharge performance, effectively improved the inefficient problem of lithium ion battery low temperature discharge, low temperature discharge efficient height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a low-temperature electrolyte The performance test results table of the present invention.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the discharge curve of embodiment 1 electrolyte battery.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are the discharge curve of embodiment 2 electrolyte batteries.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are the discharge curve of embodiment 3 electrolyte batteries.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment:
A kind of ternary power lithium-ion battery low-temperature electrolyte, it is characterized in that forming by lithium salts, organic solvent and additive, wherein, the concentration of lithium salts in electrolyte is 0.6-1.5mol/L, the percent by volume of organic solvent and additive is in the electrolyte: organic solvent accounts for 85%-97%, additive accounts for 3%-15%, and described lithium salts is taken from one or more in the following electrolyte lithium salt: LiPF
6, LiBF
4LiBOB, LiDFOB, LiTFSI, described machine aqueous solvent content is not more than 10ppm, organic solvent is taken from following one or more, ethylene carbonate EC, propene carbonate PC, methyl ethyl carbonate EMC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, diethyl carbonate DEC, gamma-butyrolacton GBL, methyl acetate MA, ethyl acetate EA, methyl formate MF, methyl propionate MP, ethyl propionate EP, methyl butyrate MB, ethyl butyrate EB, n-propyl acetate PA, described additive is taken from one or more in the following additive: vinylene carbonate VC, 1,3-N-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid lactone PS, vinylethylene carbonate VEC, fluorinated ethylene carbonate FEC, biphenyl BP, cyclohexyl benzene CHB, ethylene sulfite ES, dimethyl sulfite DMS, sulfurous acid diethyl ester DES, N, N-dimethyl trifluoroacetamide DTA, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran MTHF.
A kind of ternary power lithium-ion battery preparation process of low-temperature electrolyte: elder generation is under the protection of the inert gas of drying; organic solvent is carried out molecular sieve dehydration to be handled; make its water content between 0-10ppm; in proportion water content is joined less than the organic solvent of 10ppm and fluoridize in the bottle; the additive and the lithium salts that add preset proportion then in the organic solvent that stirs also expect to stir; obtain needed low-temperature electrolyte, the control temperature is about 8-12 ℃ in the operating process.
Embodiment 1: in being full of the glove box of nitrogen (moisture is lower than 0.9ppm), organic solvent ethylene carbonate EC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, methyl ethyl carbonate EMC and methyl acetate MA after the dehydration are fully mixed, the volume ratio of organic solvent ethylene carbonate EC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, methyl ethyl carbonate EMC, methyl acetate MA is that the 4:9:6:6(water content is less than 10ppm), slowly add LiPF then
6And magnetic agitation is fully dissolved until lithium salts, add vinylene carbonate VC and 1 at last, 3-N-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid lactone PS, continue stirring and mix, shelve 0.5h, promptly obtain embodiment 1 electrolyte of low temp lithium ion battery until all components, the concentration of above-mentioned lithium salts in electrolyte is 1.5 mol/L, and organic solvent accounts for 95%, additive accounts for 5%.
Embodiment 2:
In being full of the glove box of nitrogen (moisture is lower than 0.9ppm), organic solvent ethylene carbonate EC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, methyl ethyl carbonate EMC and methyl acetate MA after the dehydration are fully mixed, the volume ratio of organic solvent ethylene carbonate EC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, methyl ethyl carbonate EMC, methyl acetate MA is that the 4:9:6:8(water content is less than 10ppm), the back slowly adds LiPF
6And fully dissolve until lithium salts with magnetic stirrer, add vinylene carbonate VC and 1 at last, 3-N-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid lactone PS, and continue to stir and to mix until all components, shelve 0.5h, promptly obtain embodiment 2 electrolyte of low temp lithium ion battery, concentration 0.8 mol/L of above-mentioned lithium salts in electrolyte, organic solvent account for 90%, additive accounts for 10%.
Embodiment 3:
In being full of the glove box of nitrogen (moisture is lower than 0.9ppm), organic solvent ethylene carbonate EC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, methyl ethyl carbonate EMC and methyl acetate MA after the dehydration are fully mixed, the volume ratio of organic solvent ethylene carbonate EC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, methyl ethyl carbonate EMC, methyl acetate MA is that the 4:9:6:8(water content is less than 10ppm), slowly add LiPF then
6And magnetic agitation is fully dissolved until lithium salts, add vinylene carbonate VC, 1 at last, 3-N-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid lactone PS and fluorinated ethylene carbonate each a little, continue stirring and mix, shelve 0.5h, promptly obtain embodiment 3 electrolyte of low temp lithium ion battery until all components, the concentration of above-mentioned lithium salts in electrolyte is 0.6 mol/L, and organic solvent accounts for 85%, additive accounts for 15%.
According to the production standard of power lithium-ion battery, the low-temperature electrolyte of preparation is prepared into 95222333 type Soft Roll lithium ion batteries, positive electrode is a ternary material, negative material is a Delanium, through changing into, carry out behind the partial volume cryogenic property test.