CN103185832A - Hall sensor temperature compensation method in automobile and relevant hall sensor - Google Patents
Hall sensor temperature compensation method in automobile and relevant hall sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103185832A CN103185832A CN2011104570091A CN201110457009A CN103185832A CN 103185832 A CN103185832 A CN 103185832A CN 2011104570091 A CN2011104570091 A CN 2011104570091A CN 201110457009 A CN201110457009 A CN 201110457009A CN 103185832 A CN103185832 A CN 103185832A
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Abstract
The invention relates to electric current measurement technology, in particular to a hall sensor temperature compensation method in an automobile, a hall sensor based on a principle of the compensation method and an automotive electronic control system with the hall sensor adopted. The hall sensor temperature compensation method used for the automobile includes the following steps: a voltage measurement signal of the hall sensor is received; a temperature measurement signal near the hall sensor is obtained; and a current-to-be-measured modification value Im is calculated.
Description
Technical field
the present invention relates to current measurement techniques, particularly the temperature compensation of the Hall element in automobile, the Hall element based on this compensation method principle and the Auto Electronic Controlled System that adopts this Hall element.
Background technology
in recent years, auto industry sharply increases the demand of current measurement.In vehicle, need the occasion of carrying out current measurement mainly to comprise Motor Control Field and battery detection field, accurate, real-time current measurement is one of precondition realized optimal control there.Hall element is a kind of current sensing generally adopted, and the material of manufacturing Hall element is generally semiconductor material (such as silicon, germanium, indium arsenide and indium antimonide etc.), and this makes the output linearity temperature influence of Hall element larger.The temperature environment of considering automotive interior is very complicated, and influence factor is numerous, and this makes error problem become more outstanding.
in automobile, typical range of temperature is-40
0
c is to+125
0
between C, may reach once in a while+150
0
c.Providing accurate current measurement in such large span scope is the huge challenge to electronic technology.Industry has proposed multiple method of Hall element being carried out to temperature compensation for this reason.But current various compensation methodes still seem unable to do what one wishes processing aspect large temperature dynamic variation range, and there is no unified processing framework, are unfavorable for reducing exploitation and manufacturing cost.
in addition, along with energy-saving and cost-reducing importance more and more highlights, certainly will automobile electronic system need to be designed more compactly to save inner space of vehicle, this just requires Hall element to integrated and microminiaturized future development.
Summary of the invention
an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of temperature compensation of the Hall element for automobile, it can adapt to large temperature dynamic variation range and high measuring accuracy is provided.
above-mentioned purpose can realize by following technical proposal:
a kind of temperature compensation of the Hall element for automobile, described Hall element is arranged near the electrified wire in described automobile, comprises the following steps:
receive the voltage measurement signal of described Hall element;
obtain near the temperature measurement signal of described Hall element;
within if temperature belongs to preset range, according to following formula, calculate the modified value I of electric current to be measured
m
, otherwise, utilize neural network model to calculate the modified value of described electric current to be measured:
here, a
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
for constant, U
h
and U
t
be respectively described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal.
preferably, in above-mentioned Hall element temperature compensation, described constant a
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
by solve down establish an equation definite:
here,
l=m * n, the quantity that m is temperature sampling point, the quantity that n is current sample point, U
hk
for k sampled value of the voltage measurement signal of Hall element, U
tk
k the sampled value near temperature measurement signal Hall element.
preferably, in above-mentioned Hall element temperature compensation, the scope of said temperature compensation is-40
0
c is to+125
0
in the scope of C, and described preset range is-10
0
c is to+50
0
between C.
preferably, in above-mentioned Hall element temperature compensation, described neural network model is the BP neural network, comprises:
input layer, it comprises two input node u
1
and u
2
, input respectively lower column signal:
u
h
and U
t
be respectively described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal, k
1
and k
2
for normaliztion constant;
hidden layer;
output layer, it comprises an input node y, exports the modified value of described electric current to be measured.
preferably, in above-mentioned Hall element temperature compensation, the activation function of described hidden layer and output layer adopts following form:
here, the d span is between 0.2-0.5.
of the present invention also have a purpose to be to provide a kind of Hall element with temperature compensation ability for automobile, and it can adapt to large temperature dynamic variation range and high measuring accuracy is provided.
above-mentioned purpose can realize by following technical proposal:
a kind of Hall element with temperature compensation ability for automobile comprises:
hall sensor, near the voltage measurement signal that it is arranged on the electrified wire in automobile and output is corresponding with electric current to be measured in described electrified wire;
temperature-sensing element, it is arranged near described hall sensor and the output temperature measuring-signal;
with the signal processing unit that described hall sensor is connected with temperature-sensing element, it calculates circuit under test according to following manner:
within if temperature belongs to preset range, according to following formula, calculate the modified value I of electric current to be measured
m
, otherwise, utilize neural network model to calculate the modified value of described electric current to be measured:
here, a
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
for constant, U
h
and U
t
be respectively described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal.
above-mentioned purpose can also realize by following technical proposal:
a kind of Hall element with temperature compensation ability for automobile comprises:
hall sensor, near the voltage measurement signal that it is arranged on the electrified wire in automobile and output is corresponding with electric current to be measured in described electrified wire;
temperature-sensing element, it is arranged near described hall sensor and the output temperature measuring-signal;
with the AD conversion unit that described hall sensor is connected with temperature-sensing element, it is converted to digital signal by described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal;
storer, its storage signal handling procedure and parameter, described signal handler is suitable for realizing following algorithm:
within if temperature belongs to preset range, according to following formula, calculate the modified value I of electric current to be measured
m
, otherwise, utilize neural network model to calculate the modified value of described electric current to be measured:
here, a
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
for described parameter, U
h
and U
t
be respectively described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal; And
with the digital signal processing unit that described AD conversion unit is connected with described storer, it calls described signal handler and parameter is calculated electric current to be measured.
preferably, in the above-mentioned Hall element with temperature compensation ability, described hall sensor, temperature-sensing element, storer, digital signal processing unit are integrated in an integrated circuit (IC)-components.
preferably, in the above-mentioned Hall element with temperature compensation ability, further comprise:
with the D/A conversion unit that described digital signal processing unit is connected, it is simulating signal by described current conversion to be measured; And
with the amplifying unit that described D/A conversion unit is connected, it is exported after described simulating signal is amplified.
above-mentioned purpose can also realize by following technical proposal:
a kind of Hall element with temperature compensation ability for automobile, the signal transmission cable that comprises sensing unit, processing unit and described sensing unit and processing unit are coupled together, wherein,
described sensing unit comprises:
hall sensor, near the voltage measurement signal that it is arranged on the electrified wire in automobile and output is corresponding with electric current to be measured in described electrified wire;
temperature-sensing element, it is arranged near described hall sensor and the output temperature measuring-signal;
with the transmitting element that described hall sensor is connected with temperature-sensing element, it is converted to pulse-width signal separately by described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal;
described processing unit comprises:
wavelet transformation and reconstruct device, it receives described pulse-width signal from cable; And
storer, its storage signal handling procedure and parameter, described signal handler is suitable for realizing following algorithm:
within if temperature belongs to preset range, according to following formula, calculate the modified value I of electric current to be measured
m
, otherwise, utilize neural network model to calculate the modified value of described electric current to be measured:
here, a
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
for described parameter, U
h
and U
t
be respectively described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal; And
with the microprocessor that described wavelet transformation and reconstruct device are connected with described storer, it calls described signal handler and parameter is calculated electric current to be measured.
of the present invention also have a purpose to be to provide a kind of electronic control system for hybrid vehicle, it adopts the Hall element that can adapt to large temperature dynamic variation range and high measuring accuracy is provided, thereby has realized the control fast and accurately to hybrid vehicle.
above-mentioned purpose can realize by following technical proposal:
a kind of electronic control system for hybrid vehicle comprises:
electronic controller;
with the AC-DC inverter that the motor of hybrid vehicle is connected with electric battery, it is converted to direct current by alternating current and to described batteries charging under the control of described electronic controller;
with the DC-DC converter that described AC-DC inverter is connected with described electric battery, it is converted to low-voltage DC by high voltage direct current and to described batteries charging under the control of described electronic controller;
the sensor group of communicating by letter with electronic controller, comprise a plurality of above-mentioned Hall elements, and described Hall element is arranged near the electric current with the measurement current through line of outlet line of described motor, AC-DC inverter, DC-DC converter and electric battery.
according to embodiments of the invention, adopt different compensation methodes for different temperature, can adapt to larger temperature range.Adopt the electric current after specific analytic expression calculates compensation in preset range, have advantages of that realization is high with precision easily and fast.In addition, the input neuron of the neural network model adopted adopts the combination of temperature signal and Hall voltage signal as input, has improved computational accuracy and speed.Moreover, in one embodiment, adopt effectively filtering interference signals of wavelet transformation and reconstruct device, be suitable for the application scenario that sensing element and processing unit need apart from each other.
from following detailed description by reference to the accompanying drawings, will make above and other objects of the present invention and advantage more fully clear.
The accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the temperature compensation of the Hall element for automobile of one embodiment of the invention.
fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the Hall element of one embodiment of the invention.
fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to the Hall element of another embodiment of the present invention.
fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to the Auto Electronic Controlled System of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Embodiment
below by being described with reference to the drawings, the specific embodiment of the present invention sets forth the present invention.But it will be appreciated that, these embodiments are only exemplary, for spirit of the present invention and protection domain, there is no restriction.
in this manual, " coupling " word should be understood to be included in the situation that directly transmits energy or signal between two unit, perhaps through one or more Unit the 3rd, indirectly transmit the situation of energy or signal, and alleged signal includes but not limited to the signal that the form with electricity, light and magnetic exists here.In addition, " comprise " and the term of " comprising " and so on mean except have in instructions and claims, have directly and the unit and step of clearly statement, technical scheme of the present invention is not got rid of yet and is had not by directly or other unit of clearly explaining and the situation of step.Moreover the term such as " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " and " the 4th " does not mean that unit or numerical value are only to be used as to distinguish each unit or numerical value in the order of the aspects such as time, space, size.
the Hall voltage that electric current to be measured brings out in Hall element, except depending on device architecture and parameter, also is subject to the impact of temperature, and therefore electric current to be measured can be considered as is the function of Hall voltage and temperature.The present inventor finds, for example, for certain temperature range (-10
0
c is to+50
0
c, the structure and material parameter correlation of concrete scope and hall sensor), the relation between electric current to be measured and Hall voltage measuring-signal and temperature measurement signal can be made comparisons and describe accurately with following simple analytic expression:
（1）
here, I
m
for the value through temperature correction of electric current to be measured, a
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
for constant, U
h
and U
t
be respectively Hall voltage measuring-signal and temperature measurement signal.
constant a is below described
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
scaling method.
for the definite I of formula (1)
m
, there is error e between itself and experimental calibration value, its variance is:
（2）
for making corrected value and calibration value best-fit, the square error R minimum that should make following formula mean:
（3）
for this reason, can make R to a
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
partial derivative be zero, that is:
（4）
can establish an equation down thus:
（5）
wherein,
（6）
here,
l=m * n, the quantity that m is temperature sampling point, the quantity that n is current sample point, U
hk
for k sampled value of the voltage measurement signal of Hall element, U
tk
k the sampled value near temperature measurement signal Hall element.That is to say, at first m temperature sampling point be set, for each temperature sampling point, n current sample point (also in wire, passing to the electric current of known dimensions) is set, record thus the sampled value of n voltage signal.After by said temperature sampled value and the above-mentioned equation of voltage sample value substitution (5) and (6), can solve constant a
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
.
fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the temperature compensation of the Hall element for automobile of one embodiment of the invention.
referring to Fig. 1, in step 110, from being arranged near Hall element or the Hall element receiver voltage measuring-signal electrified wire in automobile.Because voltage is less, therefore amplifier and Hall element can be integrated to amplify the signal sensed.In addition, in the processor that the temperature compensation Processing Algorithm can integrate with Hall element at, complete, also can complete in a processor discrete with Hall element (for example being connected by CAN or LIN bus between them).
then, in step 120, obtain near the temperature measurement signal of Hall element.In order accurately to measure the temperature of Hall element, temperature sensor and Hall element can be fit together.
enter subsequently step 130, calculate the modified value I of electric current to be measured according to formula (1)
m
.In step 140, output is through the current value to be measured of temperature compensation.
fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the Hall element of one embodiment of the invention.
as shown in Figure 2, this Hall element 20 comprises hall sensor 210, temperature-sensing element 220, AD conversion unit 230, storer 240, digital signal processing unit 250.
near the voltage measurement signal that hall sensor 210 is arranged on the electrified wire in automobile and output is corresponding with electric current to be measured in electrified wire.
temperature-sensing element 220 is arranged near hall sensor 210 and the output temperature measuring-signal.Preferably, temperature-sensing element 220 fits together with hall sensor 210.
storer 240(is ROM storer or flash memory for example) storage signal handling procedure and parameter, the constant a that for example formula (1) needs in calculating
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
.
digital signal processing unit 250 is from the voltage signal temperature signal of AD conversion unit 230 receiving digital signals forms, and calls corresponding algorithm routine according to temperature value from storer 240 and complete the temperature compensation to electric current to be measured.
alternatively, the Hall element shown in Fig. 2 20 also can comprise the D/A conversion unit 260 be connected with digital signal processing unit 250 and the amplifying unit 270 be connected with D/A conversion unit 260.D/A conversion unit 260 will be simulating signal through the current conversion to be measured of temperature compensation and export amplifying unit 270 to, output after amplifying.
preferably, hall sensor 210, temperature-sensing element 220, AD conversion unit 230, storer 240, digital signal processing unit 250, D/A conversion unit 260 and amplifying unit 270 can be integrated in an integrated circuit (IC)-components.
it is worthy of note, adopt in the present embodiment an AD conversion unit 230, in the mode of timesharing, the output signal of hall sensor 210 and temperature-sensing element 220 is sampled and made analog to digital conversion.But also can adopt two AD conversion unit, respectively the signal of hall sensor 210, temperature-sensing element 220 outputs is sampled and made analog to digital conversion.
fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to the Hall element of another embodiment of the present invention.The present embodiment is suitable for the discrete situation of hall sensor, temperature-sensing element and digital signal processing unit.As shown in Figure 3, the signal transmission cable 330 that this Hall element 30 comprises sensing unit 310, processing unit 320 and sensing unit 310 and processing unit 320 are coupled together.
sensing unit 310 comprises hall sensor 311, temperature-sensing element 312 and the transmitting element 313 be connected with temperature-sensing element 312 with hall sensor 311, near the voltage measurement signal that hall sensor 311 is arranged on the electrified wire in automobile and output is corresponding with electric current to be measured in electrified wire, temperature-sensing element 312 is arranged near hall sensor and output temperature measuring-signal (for example fitting together with hall sensor 311), transmitting element 313 is converted to voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal pulse-width signal separately and transmits through signal transmission cable 330.
processing unit 320 comprises wavelet transformation and reconstruct device 321, storer 322 and microprocessor 323.
because there is complicated electromagnetic environment in automotive interior, need to consider to eliminate undesired signal.The present inventor finds through research, for the pulse-width signal received from cable 330, adopts wavelet transformation and reconstruct device to have outstanding especially filter effect as wave filter.
storer 322(is ROM storer or flash memory for example) storage signal handling procedure and parameter, the algorithm that the formula (1) of for example take is representative.In addition, storer 322 is also stored to calculate and is used parameter, the constant a that for example formula (1) needs in calculating
0
, a
1
, a
2
, a
3
, a
4
and a
5
.
fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to the Auto Electronic Controlled System of one embodiment of the present of invention.
as shown in Figure 4, this electronic control system 40 comprises electronic controller 410, AC-DC inverter 420, DC-DC converter 430 and sensor group 440.
aC-DC inverter 420 is connected with electric battery 60 with the motor 50 of hybrid vehicle, and it is converted to direct current by alternating current and charges to electric battery 60 under the control of electronic controller 410.
dC-DC converter 430 is connected with electric battery 60 with AC-DC inverter 420, and it is converted to low-voltage DC by high voltage direct current and charges to electric battery 60 under the control of electronic controller 410.
due to can be under the spirit that does not deviate from essential characteristic of the present invention, implement the present invention with various forms, therefore present embodiment is illustrative and not restrictive, because scope of the present invention is defined by claims, rather than defined by instructions, therefore fall into the border of claim and all changes in boundary, or the equivalent of this claim border and boundary thereby forgiven by claim.
Claims (9)
1. the temperature compensation of the Hall element for automobile, described Hall element is arranged near the electrified wire in described automobile, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Receive the voltage measurement signal of described Hall element;
Obtain near the temperature measurement signal of described Hall element;
Calculate the modified value I of electric current to be measured according to following formula
m:
Here, a
0, a
1, a
2, a
3, a
4and a
5for constant, U
hand U
tbe respectively described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal.
2. Hall element temperature compensation as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described constant a
0, a
1, a
2, a
3, a
4and a
5by solve down establish an equation definite:
Here,
l=m * n, the quantity that m is temperature sampling point, the quantity that n is current sample point, U
hkfor k sampled value of the voltage measurement signal of Hall element, U
tkk the sampled value near temperature measurement signal Hall element.
3. Hall element temperature compensation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, the scope of temperature compensation is-40
0c is to+125
0in the scope of C.
4. the Hall element with temperature compensation ability for automobile, is characterized in that, comprises:
Hall sensor, near the voltage measurement signal that it is arranged on the electrified wire in automobile and output is corresponding with electric current to be measured in described electrified wire;
Temperature-sensing element, it is arranged near described hall sensor and the output temperature measuring-signal;
With the signal processing unit that described hall sensor is connected with temperature-sensing element, it calculates the modified value I of electric current to be measured according to following formula
m:
Here, a
0, a
1, a
2, a
3, a
4and a
5for constant, U
hand U
tbe respectively described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal.
5. the Hall element with temperature compensation ability for automobile, is characterized in that, comprises:
Hall sensor, near the voltage measurement signal that it is arranged on the electrified wire in automobile and output is corresponding with electric current to be measured in described electrified wire;
Temperature-sensing element, it is arranged near described hall sensor and the output temperature measuring-signal;
With the AD conversion unit that described hall sensor is connected with temperature-sensing element, it is converted to digital signal by described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal;
Storer, its storage signal handling procedure and parameter, described signal handler is suitable for realizing following algorithm:
Calculate the modified value I of electric current to be measured according to following formula
m:
Here, a
0, a
1, a
2, a
3, a
4and a
5for described parameter, U
hand U
tbe respectively described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal; And
With the digital signal processing unit that described AD conversion unit is connected with described storer, it calls described signal handler and parameter is calculated electric current to be measured.
6. the Hall element with temperature compensation ability as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described hall sensor, temperature-sensing element, storer, digital signal processing unit are integrated in an integrated circuit (IC)-components.
7. the Hall element with temperature compensation ability as described as claim 5 or 6 wherein, further comprises:
With the D/A conversion unit that described digital signal processing unit is connected, it is simulating signal by described current conversion to be measured; And
With the amplifying unit that described D/A conversion unit is connected, it is exported after described simulating signal is amplified.
8. the Hall element with temperature compensation ability for automobile, is characterized in that, the signal transmission cable that comprises sensing unit, processing unit and described sensing unit and processing unit are coupled together, wherein,
Described sensing unit comprises:
Hall sensor, near the voltage measurement signal that it is arranged on the electrified wire in automobile and output is corresponding with electric current to be measured in described electrified wire;
Temperature-sensing element, it is arranged near described hall sensor and the output temperature measuring-signal;
With the transmitting element that described hall sensor is connected with temperature-sensing element, it is converted to pulse-width signal separately by described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal;
Described processing unit comprises:
Wavelet transformation and reconstruct device, it receives described pulse-width signal from cable; And
Storer, its storage signal handling procedure and parameter, described signal handler is suitable for realizing following algorithm:
Calculate the modified value I of electric current to be measured according to following formula
m:
Here, a
0, a
1, a
2, a
3, a
4and a
5for described parameter, U
hand U
tbe respectively described voltage measurement signal and temperature measurement signal; And
With the microprocessor that described wavelet transformation and reconstruct device are connected with described storer, it calls described signal handler and parameter is calculated electric current to be measured.
9. the electronic control system for hybrid vehicle, is characterized in that, comprising:
Electronic controller;
With the AC-DC inverter that the motor of hybrid vehicle is connected with electric battery, it is converted to direct current by alternating current and to described batteries charging under the control of described electronic controller;
With the DC-DC converter that described AC-DC inverter is connected with described electric battery, it is converted to low-voltage DC by high voltage direct current and to described batteries charging under the control of described electronic controller;
The sensor group of communicating by letter with electronic controller, comprise a plurality of Hall elements as described as any one in claim 5-8, described Hall element is arranged near the electric current with the measurement current through line of outlet line of described motor, AC-DC inverter, DC-DC converter and electric battery.
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| CN103513097A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-01-15 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Hall sensor temperature compensation method for automobile and Hall sensor thereof |
| CN103760413A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-30 | 航天科工深圳（集团）有限公司 | Current detection system of fault indicator and current detection low-temperature compensation method of fault indicator |
| CN104345199A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-02-11 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Method for correcting measuring current of storage battery and device thereof |
| CN105388356A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-03-09 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Current measurement device |
| CN106199166A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 深圳市知用电子有限公司 | A kind of method and device of current measurement |
| CN109655650A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 爱题埃克斯M2M株式会社 | Hall sensor device and current sensor apparatus with the same function with temperature measurement function |
| CN110007176A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-12 | 成都绎码科技有限公司 | A kind of remote monitoring device and method of electrical equipment working condition |
| CN110440944A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-12 | 无锡台翔电子技术发展有限公司 | Motor temperature measurement method of the electric machine controller based on Hall sensor temperature profile |
| CN111929629A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-13 | 一巨自动化装备（上海）有限公司 | Current calibration method and system through voltage compensation of current sensor |
| CN112730963A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 唐新颖 | Automobile-level Hall current sensor with temperature compensation and compensation method thereof |
| CN112834816A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-25 | 南京能晶电子科技有限公司 | Hall sensor chip temperature compensation method for automobile |
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