CN103148784A - Full size detection method for large vane - Google Patents
Full size detection method for large vane Download PDFInfo
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- CN103148784A CN103148784A CN2013100812940A CN201310081294A CN103148784A CN 103148784 A CN103148784 A CN 103148784A CN 2013100812940 A CN2013100812940 A CN 2013100812940A CN 201310081294 A CN201310081294 A CN 201310081294A CN 103148784 A CN103148784 A CN 103148784A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full size detection method for a large vane and solves the technical problems that the measurement accuracy of a standard template is low, the three-coordinate measurement efficiency is low, and the cost is high. The technical scheme adopted by the invention includes that the full size detection method adopts grating surface scanning to measure the profile surface size of the vane and measures the edge of the vane by means of white light focusing, through coordinates of a mark point on a vane bracket, a grating surface scanning original model and a basic coordinate system, and a white light focusing measurement original model and a basic coordinate system are respectively built, the detection point cloud data is spliced in each original model and the corresponding basic coordinate system, the two types of point cloud data are unified in one coordinate system, so that the whole point cloud data of the vane is generated, and the full size non-contact detection for the large vane is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the quick three-dimensional contactless measurement.The measuring method of the large-scale precision blades such as a kind of aeromotor, gas turbine, steam turbine particularly.
Background technology
At present, the annual quantity of blade of producing of China is over 2,000,000, the blade profile dimensional accuracy is the highest to be reached ± 0.04mm, front and rear edge (edge) radius of corner minimum reaches 0.09 mm, and the dimensional accuracy error prior art of these blades is measured by standard jig and three-coordinate measuring machine contact measurement mode.The shortcoming of the measuring method of prior art is: measure blade with standard jig, cost is very high, namely the blade of a type needs many cover standard jigs, and measuring accuracy is low, belong to qualitative detection, measuring accuracy depends on practical operation personnel's experience fully, and this metering system has highlighted the industry requirement that can not adapt to high speed development.The three coordinate measuring engine measurement blade although measuring accuracy is high, is measured efficient low, and cost is high, is usually used in the inspection eventually of blade, particularly to the large-scale precision blade, due to the restriction that is subject to the surveying work mesa dimensions, sometimes even can't measure.The detection of all kinds of blades, no matter be the standard jig mensuration, or the three dimension coordinate measurement method is all to measure the molded line of blade, but the fatal shortcoming that vane type line is measured is: due to the molded line limited amount, the virtual condition that can not fully truly reflect blade, therefore, often having overproof blade can't be detected leaf quality is difficult to guarantee.
Summary of the invention
The above-mentioned technological deficiency that exists in order to overcome the prior art measuring method, the present invention is based on " grating face scanning technique+white light focusing technology ", design three-dimensional non-contact measurement method, the non-cpntact measurement of enforcement to large-scale precision blades such as blade of aviation engine, gas turbine and steam turbines solves the measuring accuracy that improves blade profile and edge and measures efficient.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that goal of the invention adopts is: the method is measured blade edge blade profile dimensional measurement and white light focusing by means of the scanning of grating face, with the cloud data unifications of two kinds in the same coordinate system, generate the blade integral cloud data, realize the full-scale non-contact detection of large-scale blade.Detection method comprises the following steps:
⑴ the blade rack that, foundation and measuring system optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head relative position are adjustable arranges monumented point on blade rack, be used for the splicing of later data;
⑵, the image that grating face scan camera shooting head in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head is obtained carry out denoising, strengthen and process;
⑶ the image after, step ⑵ process obtains the monumented point coordinate based on photogrammetric principle and light beam adjustment optimization method; The monumented point coordinate is input in the software of three-dimension measuring system computing machine, grating face scanning master pattern and the base coordinate of setting up the blade rack pros and cons on the three-dimension measuring system computing machine are;
, with tested blades installation on blade rack, in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head, grating face scan camera shooting head is measured together to blade rack and blade, the image that the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head obtains is processed by step ⑵, image after processing obtains the monumented point coordinate based on photogrammetric principle and light beam adjustment optimization method; Computing machine aligns the monumented point coordinate that measures by the monumented point feature of identification blade rack with the described monumented point coordinate of step ⑵, ⑶, measurement data is loaded in the described master pattern of step ⑶, completes single measurement;
⑸, computing machine be the amalgamation in step ⑶ sets up base coordinate system of the measurement result of step ⑷, and the content of amalgamation comprises the single measurement data of the tested blade that repeatedly execution in step ⑷ that computing machine has been stored obtains;
⑹ whether the amalgamation result of, computing machine determining step ⑷ is complete blade profile data, if complete, optimize measurement result, measure and finish, in data importing blade special measurement software, the critical size of blade is made error, utilize interpretation software that measurement result is analyzed, if the blade profile data are imperfect, by adjusting the three-dimensional space position of blade rack, undertaken in inferior measurement by step ⑵;
⑺. in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head, white light focuses on the image that camera obtains, focus on measuring principle based on white light, the three dimensional optical measuring system obtains to arrange on support the coordinate of monumented point, the monumented point coordinate is input to three-dimensional measurement software, and the white light of setting up on computers the blade rack pros and cons focuses on master pattern and the base coordinate measured and is;
⑻. the white light in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head focuses on camera to carry out focusing on measurement based on white light to blade rack and blade together, the three dimensional optical measuring system computer aligns by the monumented point feature of identification blade rack monumented point coordinate and the described monumented point coordinate of step ⑺ that measures, measurement data is loaded in the described master pattern of step ⑺, completes single measurement;
⑼. computing machine is with measurement result amalgamation in the base coordinate that step ⑺ sets up is of step ⑻, the content of amalgamation comprises the single measurement data of the tested blade of the repeatedly execution in step ⑻ acquisition that computing machine has been stored;
⑽. whether the amalgamation result of computing machine determining step ⑼ is complete blade edge details area data, and interpretation is according to the threshold value that changes for blade local curvature less than setting;
⑾ if. complete, optimize measurement result, measure and finish, in data importing blade special measurement software, the critical size of blade is made error, utilize interpretation software that measurement result is analyzed, if imperfect, by adjusting the three-dimensional space position of blade rack, by step ⑺, carry out in inferior measurement;
⑿. the cloud data unification of step ⑶ and ⑺ base coordinate system and step ⑹ and two kinds of measurements of ⑾ in the same coordinate system, is generated the blade integral cloud data, utilize interpretation software to analyze to get testing result to measurement result.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, detection method speed is fast, precision is high, testing cost is low, simultaneously can be to profile and the edge one-time detection of blade, and checkout equipment is general, detects with finished product between manufacturing procedure applicable to the large-scale precision blade is carried out.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
The full-scale detection method of large-scale blade, the method is measured blade edge blade profile dimensional measurement and white light focusing by means of the scanning of grating face, with the cloud data unifications of two kinds in the same coordinate system, generate the blade integral cloud data, realization is to the full-scale non-contact detection of large-scale blade, and detection method comprises the following steps:
⑴ the blade rack that, foundation and measuring system optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head relative position are adjustable arranges monumented point on blade rack, be used for the splicing of later data;
⑵, the image that grating face scan camera shooting head in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head is obtained carry out denoising, strengthen and process;
⑶ the image after, step ⑵ process obtains the monumented point coordinate based on photogrammetric principle and light beam adjustment optimization method; The monumented point coordinate is input in the software of three-dimension measuring system computing machine, grating face scanning master pattern and the base coordinate of setting up the blade rack pros and cons on the three-dimension measuring system computing machine are;
, with tested blades installation on blade rack, in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head, grating face scan camera shooting head is measured together to blade rack and blade, the image that the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head obtains is processed by step ⑵, image after processing obtains the monumented point coordinate based on photogrammetric principle and light beam adjustment optimization method; Computing machine aligns the monumented point coordinate that measures by the monumented point feature of identification blade rack with the described monumented point coordinate of step ⑵, ⑶, measurement data is loaded in the described master pattern of step ⑶, completes single measurement;
⑸, computing machine be the amalgamation in step ⑶ sets up base coordinate system of the measurement result of step ⑷, and the content of amalgamation comprises the single measurement data of the tested blade that repeatedly execution in step ⑷ that computing machine has been stored obtains;
⑹ whether the amalgamation result of, computing machine determining step ⑷ is complete blade profile data, if complete, optimize measurement result, measure and finish, in data importing blade special measurement software, the critical size of blade is made error, utilize interpretation software that measurement result is analyzed, if the blade profile data are imperfect, by adjusting the three-dimensional space position of blade rack, undertaken in inferior measurement by step ⑵;
⑺. in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head, white light focuses on the image that camera obtains, focus on measuring principle based on white light, the three dimensional optical measuring system obtains to arrange on support the coordinate of monumented point, the monumented point coordinate is input to three-dimensional measurement software, and the white light of setting up on computers the blade rack pros and cons focuses on master pattern and the base coordinate measured and is;
⑻. the white light in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head focuses on camera to carry out focusing on measurement based on white light to blade rack and blade together, the three dimensional optical measuring system computer aligns by the monumented point feature of identification blade rack monumented point coordinate and the described monumented point coordinate of step ⑺ that measures, measurement data is loaded in the described master pattern of step ⑺, completes single measurement;
⑼. computing machine is with measurement result amalgamation in the base coordinate that step ⑺ sets up is of step ⑻, the content of amalgamation comprises the single measurement data of the tested blade of the repeatedly execution in step ⑻ acquisition that computing machine has been stored;
⑽. whether the amalgamation result of computing machine determining step ⑼ is complete blade edge details area data, and interpretation is according to the threshold value that changes for blade local curvature less than setting;
⑾ if. complete, optimize measurement result, measure and finish, in data importing blade special measurement software, the critical size of blade is made error, utilize interpretation software that measurement result is analyzed, if imperfect, by adjusting the three-dimensional space position of blade rack, by step ⑺, carry out in inferior measurement;
⑿. the cloud data unification of step ⑶ and ⑺ base coordinate system and step ⑹ and two kinds of measurements of ⑾ in the same coordinate system, is generated the blade integral cloud data, utilize interpretation software to analyze to get testing result to measurement result.
The present invention is based on " grating face scanning technique+white light focusing technology ", design the full-scale detection method of large-scale blade (as blade of aviation engine, gas turbine and turbine blade), measure the zones such as blade profile size based on " grating face scanning technique ", owing to being face scanning, measuring speed is very fast, efficient is much higher than the three dimension coordinate measurement method, can improve 5 ~ 10 times; Measure the blade details area such as edge (leading edge, exhaust limit) of blade based on " measurement of white light focusing technology ".
The measurement mechanism that the present invention relates to comprises: the measuring system that is comprised of stepper motor, high-accuracy screw mandrel guide rail, blade rack, two-axle rotating table, slideway, optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head and metering computer.Stepper motor drives the vertically motion on high-accuracy screw mandrel guide rail of optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head by control system, and high-accuracy screw mandrel guide rail is fixedly connected with base platform; Blade rack comprises: frame monumented point support and blade fixture, frame monumented point support is the frame-shaped construction of an opening, the framework surrounding is pasted with monumented point, blade fixture is between the both sides frame of frame monumented point support, frame monumented point support is fixedly connected with the upper surface of two-axle rotating table respectively with blade fixture, two-axle rotating table and slideway form the syndeton that two-axle rotating table can slide along slideway again at the diaxon direction rotation, and slideway is fixedly connected with base platform.Blade fixture is pneumatic gripping device.Tested blades installation is on blade fixture, computing machine connects the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head by data transmission cable, blade to be measured is positioned on the blade rack turntable, and this turntable is controlled and can be moved along two direction of principal axis and slideway direction by the servo-actuated control module of Survey Software.The optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head comprises that left and right grating face scan camera shooting head, left and right white light focus on camera, the middle part is furnished with the high brightness microsize luminous point that focuses on based on white light and forms the luminous point generator, this equipment is made based on the white light focusing principle, and the lens array unit white light focuses on the spot definition of generator: 0.008-0.01mm.
The present embodiment is measured based on three dimensional optical measuring system, area-structure light projected outline's art and white light focusing technology blade is detected, and measures the zones such as blade profile size based on " grating face scanning technique "; Measure the blade details area such as edge (comprising: leading edge, exhaust limit) of blade based on " measurement of white light focusing technology "; The cloud data unification of two kinds of measurements in the same coordinate system, is generated the blade integral cloud data.The optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head is to tested blade surface projection sine streak moulding surface structure light, adopt heterodyne system multifrequency phase-shift method to find the solution and launch phase place, constraint condition take phase place as images match, utilize the limit restriction relation in binocular stereo vision to obtain the blade profile three dimensional point cloud, realize the area optical measurements such as blade profile size.Send luminous point based on " measurement of white light focusing technology " by the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head, according to contour path, and raise by step pitches such as servo-actuated control module control blade carriages, project successively the blade details area such as blade edge (leading edge, exhaust limit), in measuring process, metering computer is controlled spot size and measuring route, generates accordingly the blade details area data such as edge (leading edge, exhaust limit) of blade.Because the blade shape complicated difficult obtains partial data with single measurement, therefore need repeatedly to measure, obtain the measurement result of whole blade with the method for splicing.
Claims (1)
1. full-scale detection method of large-scale blade, the method is measured blade edge blade profile dimensional measurement and white light focusing by means of the scanning of grating face, with the cloud data unifications of two kinds in the same coordinate system, generate the blade integral cloud data, realization is to the full-scale non-contact detection of large-scale blade, and detection method comprises the following steps:
⑴ the blade rack that, foundation and measuring system optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head relative position are adjustable arranges monumented point on blade rack, be used for the splicing of later data;
⑵, the image that grating face scan camera shooting head in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head is obtained carry out denoising, strengthen and process;
⑶ the image after, step ⑵ process obtains the monumented point coordinate based on photogrammetric principle and light beam adjustment optimization method; The monumented point coordinate is input in the software of three-dimension measuring system computing machine, grating face scanning master pattern and the base coordinate of setting up the blade rack pros and cons on the three-dimension measuring system computing machine are;
, with tested blades installation on blade rack, in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head, grating face scan camera shooting head is measured together to blade rack and blade, the image that the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head obtains is processed by step ⑵, image after processing obtains the monumented point coordinate based on photogrammetric principle and light beam adjustment optimization method; Computing machine aligns the monumented point coordinate that measures by the monumented point feature of identification blade rack with the described monumented point coordinate of step ⑵, ⑶, measurement data is loaded in the described master pattern of step ⑶, completes single measurement;
⑸, computing machine be the amalgamation in step ⑶ sets up base coordinate system of the measurement result of step ⑷, and the content of amalgamation comprises the single measurement data of the tested blade that repeatedly execution in step ⑷ that computing machine has been stored obtains;
⑹ whether the amalgamation result of, computing machine determining step ⑷ is complete blade profile data, if complete, optimize measurement result, measure and finish, in data importing blade special measurement software, the critical size of blade is made error, utilize interpretation software that measurement result is analyzed, if the blade profile data are imperfect, by adjusting the three-dimensional space position of blade rack, undertaken in inferior measurement by step ⑵;
⑺. in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head, white light focuses on the image that camera obtains, focus on measuring principle based on white light, the three dimensional optical measuring system obtains to arrange on support the coordinate of monumented point, the monumented point coordinate is input to three-dimensional measurement software, and the white light of setting up on computers the blade rack pros and cons focuses on master pattern and the base coordinate measured and is;
⑻. the white light in the optical three-dimensional scanning measuring head focuses on camera to carry out focusing on measurement based on white light to blade rack and blade together, the three dimensional optical measuring system computer aligns by the monumented point feature of identification blade rack monumented point coordinate and the described monumented point coordinate of step ⑺ that measures, measurement data is loaded in the described master pattern of step ⑺, completes single measurement;
⑼. computing machine is with measurement result amalgamation in the base coordinate that step ⑺ sets up is of step ⑻, the content of amalgamation comprises the single measurement data of the tested blade of the repeatedly execution in step ⑻ acquisition that computing machine has been stored;
⑽. whether the amalgamation result of computing machine determining step ⑼ is complete blade edge details area data, and interpretation is according to the threshold value that changes for blade local curvature less than setting;
⑾ if. complete, optimize measurement result, measure and finish, in data importing blade special measurement software, the critical size of blade is made error, utilize interpretation software that measurement result is analyzed, if imperfect, by adjusting the three-dimensional space position of blade rack, by step ⑺, carry out in inferior measurement;
⑿. the cloud data unification of step ⑶ and ⑺ base coordinate system and step ⑹ and two kinds of measurements of ⑾ in the same coordinate system, is generated the blade integral cloud data, utilize interpretation software to analyze to get testing result to measurement result.
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| CN103591923A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨电气动力装备有限公司 | Method for detecting nuclear main pump guide vane |
| CN104019740A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-09-03 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Method for acquiring outer surface data of automobile body and system thereof |
| CN105241397A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2016-01-13 | 北航温州研究院 | Real-time measuring splicing method and device based on structured light |
| CN105403183A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-16 | 南车眉山车辆有限公司 | Work template metering detection method for examining coupler |
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| CN103591923A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨电气动力装备有限公司 | Method for detecting nuclear main pump guide vane |
| CN103591923B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2016-08-17 | 哈尔滨电气动力装备有限公司 | Core main pump diffuser crop leaf measuring method |
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| CN108463689A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2018-08-28 | 3D测量系统公司 | For to turbine, especially aircraft turbine or jet engine, blade carry out the device of non-contact 3-D detection |
| CN105403183B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-01-30 | 中车眉山车辆有限公司 | A kind of work model gauge check method for being used to examine hitch |
| CN105403183A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-16 | 南车眉山车辆有限公司 | Work template metering detection method for examining coupler |
| CN105674904A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Novel steam turbine flow passage clearance detection method with intelligent assembling characteristic |
| CN106353115A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-01-25 | 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 | Method for detection of steel structures |
| CN106500640A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-03-15 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空精密机械研究所 | A kind of method calibrated by engine blade measurement apparatus |
| CN108037009A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-05-15 | 武汉华威专用汽车检测有限责任公司 | A kind of refrigerated vehicle carriage strength detecting method and system |
| CN108506170A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-09-07 | 上海扩博智能技术有限公司 | Fan blade detection method, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN109238136A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-18 | 广州毅远塑胶五金模具有限公司 | A kind of headstock headlight measurement method |
| WO2021196408A1 (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-07 | 华中科技大学 | Aviation blade profile detection method and system based on variable tolerance zone constraint |
| CN112504161A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Engine blade combined type measuring system with measurement precision and efficiency taken into consideration |
| CN112504161B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2023-05-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Engine blade composite type measuring system with measuring precision and efficiency |
| CN115164747A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-10-11 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Method for measuring thickness of ice layer on surface of aircraft model based on three-dimensional scanning |
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