CN103148079B - Unlockable nut in sandwich cantilever longitrorse mode conversion working mode - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an unlockable nut for a sandwich type cantilever beam longitudinal torsion mode conversion working mode, which belongs to the field of fasteners and transmission parts connected by thread pairs. It is to conveniently, quickly and flexibly realize the conversion and control of the two working states of self-locking and unlocking between thread pairs. Its piezoelectric telescopic ring is composed of multiple piezoelectric telescopic sheets; the piezoelectric telescopic ring is embedded in the ring groove of the nut base in the state of the cantilever beam, and the end faces on both sides of the piezoelectric telescopic ring are respectively connected to the two sides of the ring groove. Side-to-end connection; on the outer surface of the nut base in the cantilever beam state, there are multiple deep grooves or multiple rows of small holes around the circumference; all piezoelectric expansion plates can be driven individually or in groups, and when driven in groups, their The drive phase is the same. The present invention can change the self-locking working state of the nut base body to the unlocking working state when the piezoelectric expansion plate inputs the driving signal, that is, the friction coefficient between the thread pairs is greatly reduced, and the self-locking work between the nut base body and the screw rod can be made Status disappears.

Description

Unlockable nut for longitudinal-torsional mode conversion of sandwich cantilever beam

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fasteners and transmission parts connected by thread pairs.

Background technique

Fasteners and transmission parts based on thread pairs are widely used in equipment, systems, devices and mechanisms in various industries today. For the thread pair connection pair, there are mainly two working states, which are the thread self-locking state and the non-self-locking state, and the latter can also be called the unlocking state. For the self-locking working state of the thread pair, the thread pair used should generally meet the thread self-locking conditions, that is, the thread lead angle is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the thread pairs. The main application occasions are fastening of parts, sliding transmission guide rails and Jacks and other aspects of force transmission; for the unlocking working state of the thread pair, that is, satisfying that the thread lift angle is greater than the equivalent friction angle between the thread pairs, it mainly uses the movement and power output of the screwing transmission system between the nut and the screw, which is specifically reflected in The following three aspects, one is to realize the conversion between rotary motion and linear motion, the other is to adjust the mutual position of various parts in the system, and the third is to obtain a larger output thrust with a smaller input torque. At present, for the conversion and control of the two working states of self-locking and unlocking between thread pairs, it is often necessary to use a self-locking nut with self-locking function and a corresponding unlocking mechanism to work together. The mechanism of self-locking and unlocking state conversion function has problems such as complex structure, cumbersome operation, and high production cost, which limits the application occasions of threaded auxiliary fasteners and transmission parts.

Contents of the invention

In order to conveniently, quickly and flexibly realize the conversion and control of the two working states of self-locking and unlocking between thread pairs, the present invention proposes an unlockable nut for the longitudinal-torsion mode conversion working mode of a sandwich cantilever beam.

The unlockable nut of the sandwich-type cantilever beam longitudinal torsion mode conversion working mode is composed of a nut base in the cantilever beam state and a piezoelectric telescopic ring;

The nut base in the cantilever beam state adopts the cantilever beam restraint method, and the nut base in the cantilever beam state has a T-shaped design structure, and the T-shaped large-diameter end adopts the cantilever beam restraint mode and is processed with several positioning holes for installation and fixing; There is a circular groove on the outer surface of the T-shaped small diameter. On the outer surface of the nut base in the cantilever state, there are multiple deep grooves or rows of small holes around the circumference, and multiple deep grooves or rows. The small holes are all set between the ring groove and the right end face of the nut base in the state of the cantilever beam, and multiple deep grooves or rows of small holes are set along the helical line of the outer surface of the nut base in the state of the cantilever beam; the piezoelectric telescopic circle The ring is composed of multiple piezoelectric stretchable sheets; all piezoelectric stretchable sheets are in the shape of ring gaskets, and the stretching direction of the piezoelectric stretchable sheets is the same as the thickness direction of the piezoelectric stretchable sheets, and the multiple piezoelectric stretchable sheets are superimposed and connected in sequence; The driving electric signal waveform of the electric telescopic sheet can be a sine wave AC signal, a square wave AC signal, a triangular wave AC signal or a zigzag AC signal; the inner circle surface of the nut base in the state of the cantilever beam is provided with an internal thread, The internal thread of the nut matrix in the cantilever beam state is rotatably connected with a screw, and the thread rise angle of the internal thread is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the internal thread and the screw thread pair connected with the screw; the piezoelectric telescopic ring is embedded in the ring of the nut matrix in the cantilever beam state. In the slot, the end faces on both sides of the piezoelectric telescopic ring are respectively connected to the end faces on both sides in the ring groove; all the piezoelectric telescopic sheets can be driven individually or in groups, and the driving phases are the same when they are driven in groups; the piezoelectric telescopic The driving frequency of the sheet coincides with or is close to the resonant frequency of the nut matrix in the cantilever beam state, so as to excite the nut matrix in the cantilever beam state to be in an ultrasonic vibration state.

The present invention can change the self-locking working state of the nut base body to the unlocking working state when the piezoelectric expansion plate inputs the driving signal, that is, the friction coefficient between the thread pairs is greatly reduced, and the self-locking work between the nut base body and the screw rod can be made Status disappears. The invention also has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and wide application range, and can be used for on-off, positioning and speed control in mechanical transmission systems, expanding the application fields of threaded auxiliary fasteners and transmission parts.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of the screw rod 1-1 that is rotatably connected to the unlockable nut of the sandwich-type cantilever beam of the present invention in the longitudinal-torsion mode conversion working mode;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram after the expansion and decomposition of the piezoelectric telescopic ring 2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piezoelectric expansion sheet 2-1 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure after a plurality of deep grooves 3 are arranged on the outer surface of the nut matrix 1 in the state of the cantilever beam in Fig. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the nut base 1 in the state of the cantilever beam in FIG. 1 after a plurality of rows of small holes 4 are arranged on the outer surface.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiment 1: Refer to Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 , and Fig. 3 for illustration. This specific embodiment is composed of a nut base 1 in a cantilever beam state and a piezoelectric telescopic ring 2;

The nut base 1 in the cantilever beam state adopts the cantilever beam restraint method, and the nut base 1 in the cantilever beam state has a T-shaped design structure, and its T-shaped large-diameter end adopts the cantilever beam restraint mode and is processed with several positioning holes for installation and fixing. 1-2; the T-shaped small-diameter outer surface is provided with a circumferential groove 1-4, the inner surface of the nut base 1 in the cantilever beam state is provided with internal threads 1-3, and the nut base 1 in the cantilever beam state The screw rod 1-1 is rotated in the internal thread 1-3 of the internal thread 1-3, and the thread rise angle of the internal thread 1-3 is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the internal thread 1-3 and the thread pair connected with the screw rod 1-1; the nut in the state of the cantilever beam On the outer surface of the base body 1, there are multiple deep grooves 3 or multiple rows of small holes 4 around the circumference, and the multiple deep grooves 3 or multiple rows of small holes 4 are all arranged in the ring grooves 1-4 and the nuts in the state of the cantilever beam. Between the right end face of the base body 1, a plurality of deep grooves 3 or rows of small holes 4 are arranged along the helical line of the outer circular surface of the nut base 1 in the cantilever beam state; the piezoelectric telescopic ring 2 is composed of multiple piezoelectric telescopic sheets 2-1 composition; all piezoelectric expansion sheets 2-1 are in the shape of ring gaskets, and the expansion and contraction direction of the piezoelectric expansion sheets 2-1 is the same as the thickness direction of the piezoelectric expansion sheets 2-1, and the multi-piece piezoelectric expansion sheets 2 -1 are sequentially superimposed and connected; the piezoelectric telescopic ring 2 is embedded in the ring groove 1-4 of the nut base 1 in the state of the cantilever beam, and the end faces on both sides of the piezoelectric telescopic ring 2 are respectively connected to the two sides of the ring groove 1-4. The end faces are connected; all piezoelectric stretchable sheets 2-1 can be driven individually or in groups, and their driving phases are the same when driven in groups.

Specific embodiment 2: Referring to Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 , and Fig. 3 for description, the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 1 lies in the driving frequency of the piezoelectric stretchable sheet 2-1 and the nut matrix 1 in the state of the cantilever beam. The resonant frequency coincides with or is similar, so that the nut matrix 1 in the cantilever beam state is excited to be in an ultrasonic vibration state; the driving electrical signal waveform of the piezoelectric stretchable sheet 2-1 can be a sine wave AC signal, a square wave AC signal, a triangular wave Waveform AC signal or sawtooth AC signal. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

Specific embodiment three: referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 for illustration, the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that the internal thread of the nut matrix 1 in the state of the cantilever beam and the external thread of the screw rod 1-1 can be It is trapezoidal thread, triangular thread, rectangular thread, zigzag thread, pipe thread or non-standard thread. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

Working principle: The unlockable nut in the working mode of sandwich cantilever longitudinal torsion mode conversion mainly excites the unlockable nut to be in a high-frequency (generally greater than 1000Hz) micro-vibration state through the piezoelectric expansion sheet 2-1. The anti-friction effect generated by the vibration reduces the friction coefficient between the unlockable nut and the screw rod, and destroys the self-locking condition between the thread pairs, so that the unlockable nut is in the unlocking working state. The ultrasonic anti-friction effect caused by the micro-amplitude vibration in the ultrasonic frequency (generally greater than 13kHz) is one of the anti-friction effects of high-frequency vibration. The application of one or both of the contact surfaces is in a state of ultrasonic vibration, resulting in a reduction in the friction coefficient between the contact surfaces. At present, this phenomenon has been confirmed by a large number of experimental studies. The present invention mainly uses the anti-friction generated by high-frequency vibration The principle of effect works.

The unlockable nut of the sandwich cantilever beam longitudinal torsion mode conversion mode mainly uses the piezoelectric expansion sheet 2-1 to excite the nut base 1 in the cantilever beam state to produce longitudinal vibration along the axial direction, through the nut base in the cantilever beam state A plurality of deep grooves 3 or rows of small holes 4 provided on 1 are coupled to produce torsional deformation around the axis. The piezoelectric stretchable sheet 2-1 can be replaced with a magnetostrictive sheet, a photostrictive sheet or a thermostrictive sheet.

Claims (2)

1. The unlockable nut of the sandwich cantilever beam longitudinal torsion mode conversion mode, which is composed of the nut base (1) and the piezoelectric telescopic ring (2) in the state of the cantilever beam; The nut matrix (1) in the cantilever beam state is a cantilever beam restraint method, and the nut matrix (1) in the cantilever beam state is a T-shaped design structure, and its T-shaped large-diameter end adopts the cantilever beam restraint method and has several pieces for installation and fixing. The positioning hole (1-2) used; the outer surface of the T-shaped small diameter has a circumferential groove (1-4), on the outer surface of the nut base (1) in the state of the cantilever beam, around the circumferential direction There are multiple deep grooves (3) or multiple rows of small holes (4), and the multiple deep grooves (3) or multiple rows of small holes (4) are all arranged in the ring grooves (1-4) and the nut base in the state of the cantilever beam Between the right end faces of (1), a plurality of deep grooves (3) or rows of small holes (4) are arranged along the helical line of the outer circle of the nut matrix (1) in the state of the cantilever beam; the piezoelectric telescopic ring ( 2) It is composed of multiple piezoelectric expansion sheets (2-1); all piezoelectric expansion sheets (2-1) are in the shape of ring gaskets, and the expansion and contraction direction of the piezoelectric expansion sheets (2-1) is the same as that of the piezoelectric expansion sheets. (2-1) have the same thickness direction, and multiple piezoelectric stretchable sheets (2-1) are stacked and connected in sequence; the driving electrical signal waveform of the piezoelectric stretchable sheet (2-1) can be a sinusoidal alternating current signal, a square wave alternating current Electric signal, triangular waveform AC signal or zigzag AC signal; it is characterized in that the inner thread (1-3) is arranged on the inner circle surface of the nut base (1) in the state of the cantilever beam, and the nut base (1) in the state of the cantilever beam ) in the internal thread (1-3) is rotatably connected with a screw rod (1-1), and the thread lead angle of the internal thread (1-3) is smaller than that between the internal thread (1-3) and the threaded pair of the screw rod (1-1) The equivalent friction angle; the piezoelectric telescopic ring (2) is embedded in the ring groove (1-4) of the nut base (1) in the state of the cantilever beam, and the end faces on both sides of the piezoelectric telescopic ring (2) are respectively connected with the ring groove The end faces on both sides of (1-4) are connected; all piezoelectric stretchable sheets (2-1) can be driven individually or in groups, and their driving phases are the same when driven in groups; the piezoelectric stretchable sheets (2-1) Its driving frequency coincides with or is close to the resonance frequency of the nut matrix (1) in the cantilever beam state, so as to excite the nut matrix (1) in the cantilever beam state to be in an ultrasonic vibration state. 2. The unlockable nut of the sandwich type cantilever beam longitudinal torsion mode conversion work mode according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal thread (1-3) and the screw rod (1-3) of the nut matrix (1) of the cantilever beam state 1-1) The external thread can be trapezoidal thread, triangular thread, rectangular thread, zigzag thread, pipe thread or non-standard thread.