A kind of Vane-type hydraulic machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic machinery technical field, especially relate to a kind of vane hydraulic mechanism.
Background technique
Blade hydraulic pump or motor volume little, rotary inertia is little, is active in one's movements, and is applicable to the occasion that commutating frequency is higher, but leakage rate is comparatively large, unstable during tick-over.Therefore vane motor is generally used for the occasion that rotating speed is high, torque is little and action request is sensitive.Traditional oil hydraulic pump or motor, can normally start after pressure oil passes in order to ensure vane motor, vane tip and stator inner surface close contact must be made, to ensure good sealing, therefore all preloading spring is provided with at root of blade, but this traditional oil hydraulic motor and pump, because root of blade is provided with preloading spring, vane tip all the time all with the internal surface close contact of stator, the internal surface of the vane tip after off-load and stator is made to contact all the time like this, add merit loss, add energy loss, spring sliding-vane motor, the easy fatigue failure of spring damages, performance is reliable not, restricted lifetime.
Chinese patent literature (publication date: on April 16th, 2008, publication number: CN101163883A) discloses a kind of blade mechanism, comprises internal rotor and external rotor.The blades that multiple radial direction extends is by spaced for the first conveying chamber.The inner radial petiolarea of blades internal rotor internal diameter move up and its radially outer petiolarea is rotatable is contained in external rotor.The present invention proposes, and the inner radial petiolarea angle of blades is accommodated in the inner in rotor regularly and external rotor comprises each base be separated for each blades, and the rotatable accommodation of blades in the base.
The object of technique scheme be in order to provide a kind of have very high efficiency simultaneously can simply, the blade mechanism of low cost manufacture.
Chinese patent literature (publication date: on October 25th, 2006, publication number: CN1853031A) discloses a kind of oil hydraulic pump or motor, comprises the body with chamber and the rotor being rotatably installed in chamber interior.Chamber and rotor have definite shape to such an extent as between chamber and the wall of rotor, form one or more elevated areas, decline region, main dwell region and secondary dwell region.Rotor has multiple slit and is arranged in the blade of each slit.Each blade can move between retracted position and extended position.At retracted position, blade can not drive the hydraulic fluid introducing chamber.At extended position, blade can drive the hydraulic fluid introducing chamber.The blade holding device that can be started by selectivity enables blade be maintained at retracted position.
Technique scheme solves when oil hydraulic pump or oil hydraulic motor are in non-operating mode, and hydraulic machinery also may constantly and extraly by the problem of hydraulic fluid.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve spring sliding-vane motor of the prior art, the easy fatigue failure of spring damages, and performance is reliable not, the problem of restricted lifetime and provide a kind of Vane-type hydraulic machine.
The present invention realizes the technological scheme that its technical purpose adopts: a kind of Vane-type hydraulic machine, comprise oil-feed side plate, fuel-displaced side plate, rotor, stator and the blade be arranged in rotor, bottom chamber is formed on described blade and the bottom of rotor, described oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate are respectively equipped with high-pressure mouth and low pressure port, described blade is provided with fluid passage, blade tip is provided with the vane tip groove communicated with fluid passage, described vane tip and the Line of contact of stator inner surface divide the both sides being located at vane tip groove, described fuel-displaced side plate and oil-feed side plate are respectively arranged with the fluid slot corresponding to fluid passage, described fluid passage, vane tip groove and fluid slot form blade control chamber.This Vane-type hydraulic machine, by arranging fluid passage and vane tip groove on blade, fuel-displaced side plate and oil-feed side plate arrange fluid slot, and fluid passage, vane tip groove and fluid slot form a blade control chamber, pressure fluid can be passed in blade control chamber, thus the control realized blade top and blade bottom pressure, and the bottom of blade and rotor is provided with bottom chamber, preloading spring is not established in bottom chamber, but directly external pressure fluid is introduced in bottom chamber, realize the control to blade bottom pressure, blade is outwards ejected contact with stator inner surface.And the Line of contact of vane tip and stator inner surface divides the both sides being located at vane tip groove, vane tip groove and stator inner surface is made to form a Seal cage all the time, to realize the function that control chamber regulates blade pressure.Such blade is just subject to the control of the pressure fluid of tripartite's diverse location, vane tip bi-side, the control of blade interior control chamber and blade bottom cavity pressure, such structure can by passing into high-pressure liquid or low-pressure fluid in control chamber, realize the regulation and control to the bottom chamber pressure suffered by blade and bi-side, blade top pressure, specific operation are: this hydraulic machinery does the motor used time, motor inlet needs high pressure, then high pressure in vane tip chamber, and now bottom chamber passes into highly pressurised liquid formation high pressure, because blade is subject to the effect of stress surface product moment, and utilize system back pressure or the external pressure fluid of startup is set, blade reliably can touch stator inner surface, motor is started smoothly, eliminate the spring structure of common blade motor, simultaneously, now the pressure fluid of control chamber inside makes the two-way pressure difference of blade keep in balance, motor operations is steady.If this hydraulic machinery according to host work loop condition when not needing to carry out energy transferring, namely when certain phase does not need work, then make the fluid slot of control chamber on oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate by the external pressure fluid of runner, because of now this hydraulic machinery off-load, so the controlled cavity pressure effect of blade or be retracted in rotor by the effect of vane tip cavity pressure and control chamber pressure simultaneously, thus realize idle running, eliminate the reactive loss after off-load, decrease energy loss.This Vane-type hydraulic machine, compared with composite-type, pin-type load structure, process easy, precision easily ensures, cost is lower, by designing each fluid slot angle and position makes blade have rational contact in all-round scope to stator, not only ensures reliable contacts but also control wearing and tearing, improve working pressure, improve product performance.Compared with spring sliding-vane motor, the fatigue failure avoiding spring damages, and reliable performance, the life-span is long.
As preferably, described fluid passage comprises radial fluid passages and axial fluid passage, and described vane tip groove communicates with radial fluid passages.Fluid passage is set to radial fluid passages and axial fluid passage, such vane tip groove, radial fluid passages and axial fluid passage can form the control chamber of a sealing, pressure fluid can enter control chamber through control channel is selective, to realize blade bottom, the control of both sides, top pressure, blade is made to select protruding or retraction rotor as required or remain on certain working state, make the pressurized situation of blade can do different adjustment according to working state, the formation of control chamber changes conventional leaf chip hydraulic machinery still needs the problem of energy transferring at not working stage.
As preferably, the two-port of axial fluid passage is communicated with the fluid slot on fuel-displaced side plate with oil-feed side plate, fluid slot is kidney-shaped structure, and the fluid slot that on oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate, low-pressure cavity is corresponding communicates with high-pressure mouth, and the fluid slot that hyperbaric chamber is corresponding communicates with low pressure port.Adopt said structure to realize: when being used as vane pump use, when blade is in discharge section, vane tip is high pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is low pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure; When blade is in influent stream section, vane tip is low pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is high pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure.When doing sliding-vane motor use, when blade is in discharge section, vane tip is low pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is high pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure; When blade is in influent stream section, vane tip is high pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is low pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure; When being used as sliding-vane motor use, bottom chamber first can lead to actuating signal oil; When system needs, in blade retractable rotor, realize the idle running of pump.
As preferably, the oil-feed side plate that described bottom chamber is corresponding and fuel-displaced side plate are respectively arranged with base channel, and described base channel is ring or kidney-shaped structure, and base channel communicates with high-pressure mouth.Oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate arrange bottom chamber, when external fluid entrance passes into high pressure, the control chamber that now high-pressure mouth region is corresponding is through flow passage low pressure port fluid, and control chamber corresponding to low pressure port region is through flow passage high-pressure mouth, bottom chamber is through flow passage high-pressure mouth, such structure realizes the function of motor, and when external fluid entrance passes into low-pressure fluid, the control chamber that now low-pressure cavity region is corresponding is through flow passage high-pressure mouth, and control chamber corresponding to hyperbaric chamber region is through flow passage low pressure port, bottom chamber is through flow passage high-pressure mouth, such structure realizes the function of pump.
As preferably, blade is split-type structural, each rotor inside is provided with the blade that two panels is mounted opposite, one side plane of blade is provided with curve bath, described curve bath comprises a horizontal curve bath and two longitudinal curve baths perpendicular to horizontal curve bath, described fluid passage is oppositely arranged by the curve bath of two panels blade and forms, the top of described blade is that the both sides, top of arc structure or blade are provided with chamfering structure, and described vane tip groove is made up of two vane tip circular arcs or chamfering structure.The preferred split-type structural of blade, such structure had both been conducive to the setting of curve bath, the adjustment that control chamber realizes vane tip and bottom pressure can be made simultaneously, and the two panels blade that split-type structural is more conducive in rotor adjusts as required, that is, when this hydraulic machinery works, along with the rotation of rotor, two panels blade is due to stressed difference, corresponding floating so that vane tip contacts with stator inner surface can be done in rotor, keep the sealing in vane tip chamber, and then ensure that control chamber plays a role, this structure makes blade reduce for the pressure of stator inner surface, blade to stator inner surface existing necessarily be adjacent to power, excessive wearing and tearing can not be produced again to stator inner surface.
As preferably, the degree of depth of described curve bath is less than or equal to 1/2 vane thickness.The degree of depth of curve bath is preferably less than or equal to 1/2 vane thickness, and such structure can either ensure that control chamber plays the regulating action to vane tip and base pressure effectively, can also ensure the working strength of blade simultaneously.
As preferably, the radius of arc of the arc structure at the top of described blade is more than or equal to 1/2 vane thickness, or the chamfering angle size of the chamfering structure of the both sides, top of blade is more than or equal to 1/3 vane thickness, vane tip and stator inner surface Line of contact are positioned on two panels vane tip gabarit circular arc or chamfering structure.The radius of arc of the arc structure at the top of blade is preferably greater than or equal to 1/2 vane thickness, the chamfering angle size of the chamfering structure of the both sides, top of blade is preferably greater than or equal to 1/3 vane thickness, such structure can either ensure fully contacting of vane tip and stator inner surface, and vane tip groove can also be made to give full play to function needed for control chamber simultaneously.
As preferably, described high-pressure mouth place is provided with control valve.During for motor, blade bottom chamber first logical actuating signal oil makes blade and stator keep in touch, and then the control valve (can be check valve etc.) of pressure fluid through being arranged on high-pressure mouth enters high-pressure mouth.
As preferably, described control chamber is directly connected with external pressure fluid interface with bottom chamber.Can select as required to be directly connected with fluid interface, such structure facilitates passing into of signal oil or pressure fluid, the convenient control to control chamber fluid, thus realizes the control to blade, realizes the idle running of oil hydraulic pump if desired.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this Vane-type hydraulic machine is compared with composite-type, pin-type load structure, process easy, precision easily ensures, cost is lower, by designing each fluid slot angle and position makes blade have rational contact in all-round scope to stator, not only ensure reliable contacts but also control wearing and tearing, improve working pressure, improve product performance.With spring sliding-vane motor ratio, the fatigue failure avoiding spring damages, and reliable performance, the life-span is long.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged view at B place in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of blade of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the plan view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is principle schematic of the present invention;
In figure: 1, oil-feed side plate, 2, fuel-displaced side plate, 3, rotor, 4, stator, 5, rotor, 6, blade, 7, bottom chamber, 8, hyperbaric chamber, 9, low-pressure cavity, 10, fluid passage, 11, vane tip groove, 12, fluid slot, 13, control chamber, 14, radial fluid passages, 15, axial fluid passage, 16, base channel, 17, curve bath.
Embodiment
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings technological scheme of the present invention is described in further detail below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1; a kind of Vane-type hydraulic machine; this vane hydraulic mechanism can be oil hydraulic pump also can be oil hydraulic motor; comprise former and later two housings and axle, former and later two described housings are provided with high-pressure mouth, low pressure port, influent stream mouth, go out head piece; fluid introduction port and Fluid outlet; and the interface to be connected with external pressure fluid, be provided with seal arrangement between each parts of this hydraulic machinery, innerly form seal chamber to protect.The core of this hydraulic machinery comprises oil-feed side plate 1, fuel-displaced side plate 2, rotor 3, stator 4 and the blade 6 be arranged in rotor 5, blade 6 forms bottom chamber 7 with the bottom of rotor 5, oil-feed side plate 1 and fuel-displaced side plate 2 are respectively equipped with hyperbaric chamber 8 and low-pressure cavity 9, blade 6 is provided with fluid passage 10, blade 6 is provided with stator 4 contact end portion the vane tip groove 11 communicated with fluid passage 10, the Line of contact of blade 6 top and stator 4 internal surface divides the both sides being located at vane tip groove 11, fuel-displaced side plate 2 and oil-feed side plate 1 are respectively arranged with the fluid slot 12 corresponding to fluid passage 10, fluid passage 10, vane tip groove 11 and fluid slot 12 form blade control chamber 13.
Radial fluid passages 14 and axial fluid passage 15 are drawn together in fluid passage 10, and vane tip groove 11 communicates with radial fluid passages 14.
The two-port of axial fluid passage 15 is communicated with the fluid slot 12 on fuel-displaced side plate 2 with oil-feed side plate 1, fluid slot 12 is in kidney-shaped structure, the fluid slot 12 that on oil-feed side plate 1 and fuel-displaced side plate 2, low-pressure cavity is corresponding communicates with high-pressure mouth, and the fluid slot 12 that hyperbaric chamber is corresponding communicates with low pressure port.
The oil-feed side plate 1 of bottom chamber 7 correspondence and fuel-displaced side plate 2 are respectively arranged with base channel 16, and base channel 16 is in ring or kidney-shaped structure, and base channel 16 communicates with high-pressure mouth 8.
Blade 6 is split-type structural, and each rotor 5 inside is provided with the blade that two panels is mounted opposite, and a side plane of blade 6 is provided with curve bath, and the degree of depth of curve bath equals 1/2 vane thickness.Curve bath comprises a horizontal curve bath and two longitudinal curve baths perpendicular to horizontal curve bath, fluid passage 10 is oppositely arranged by the curve bath of two panels blade 6 and forms, the top of blade 6 is arc structure, and vane tip groove 11 is made up of two vane tip arc structures.During the employing arc structure of blade 6 top, the radius of arc of the arc structure at the top of blade 6 is 1/2 vane thickness, during the employing chamfering structure of blade 6 top, the chamfering angle size of the chamfering structure of the both sides, top of blade is 1/3 vane thickness, such structure makes to be positioned at vane thickness shared by control chamber partial blade and stator contact line and is about 1/2 of vane thickness, both ensure the working strength of blade, be conducive to again the formation in vane tip chamber.
High-pressure mouth place is provided with control valve.Control chamber 13 can directly be connected with external pressure fluid interface with bottom chamber 7.
This Vane-type hydraulic machine, both can use as oil hydraulic pump and also can use as oil hydraulic motor, no matter use as pump or motor, the oil-feed side plate of this Vane-type hydraulic machine and fuel-displaced side plate are provided with influent stream chamber and discharge side, influent stream chamber can be high pressure also can be low pressure, because pump inlet is low pressure, outlet is high pressure, motor inlet is high pressure, outlet is low pressure, so can design according to main frame specific works situation, control chamber corresponding to hyperbaric chamber region is through flow passage low pressure port fluid, control chamber corresponding to low-pressure cavity region is through flow passage high-pressure mouth, bottom chamber is through flow passage high-pressure mouth.On oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate, there is corresponding fluid slot in hyperbaric chamber region and low-pressure cavity region, control chamber can communicate with corresponding fluid slot, fluid slot corresponding to hyperbaric chamber region communicates with low pressure port, fluid slot corresponding to low-pressure cavity region communicates with high-pressure mouth, the oil-feed side plate that bottom chamber is corresponding and fuel-displaced side plate have the annular groove that can communicate with it, and this annular groove communicates with high-pressure mouth.
When this Vane-type hydraulic machine does vane pump use, when blade is in influent stream section, vane tip is low pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is high pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure; When blade is in discharge section, vane tip is high pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is low pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure.The be stressed effect top arc of hydrodynamic pressure or chamfering and stator inner surface of blade holds out against, and the blade of all-round scope is reasonable to the isostasy of stator inner surface, vane pump stable working, and wearing and tearing are few.
When this Vane-type hydraulic machine does sliding-vane motor use, blade bottom chamber passes into pressure fluid prior to hyperbaric chamber, and when blade is in influent stream section, the top of blade is high pressure, and the control chamber inside of respective segments is low pressure, and bottom chamber inside is high pressure; When blade is in discharge section, vane tip is low pressure, and the control chamber inside of respective segments is high pressure, and bottom chamber inside is high pressure; When being used as sliding-vane motor use, bottom chamber first can lead to actuating signal oil.This Vane-type hydraulic machine does the motor used time, due to the effect of vane stress difference in areas, and utilize system back pressure or arrange start use external pressure fluid, blade reliably can touch stator inner surface, motor is started smoothly, instead of the spring structure of common blade motor.
Because of the high-pressure mouth of pump and motor and low pressure port reciprocal, pump inlet is low pressure, and outlet is high pressure, and motor inlet is high pressure, and outlet is low pressure, therefore when not only making pump but also make motor, high-pressure mouth need arrange control valve, poor to ensure rational blade two-way pressure.
This Vane-type hydraulic machine, system unloaded, messenger oil in pump chamber, in blade compresses revolution pilot trench, pump or motor do not work, and system capacity consumes low.Or the chamber oil of control chamber inside can be introduced from outside, when not needing this hydraulic machinery to work, system unloaded, control chamber intercommunication oil, in blades retracted rotor.
If this Vane-type hydraulic machine does not need to carry out energy transferring according to host work loop condition, namely when certain phase does not need work, then make control chamber on oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate each fluid slot with runner by the external pressure fluid of control valve, because of now this hydraulic machinery off-load, so the controlled cavity pressure effect of blade is retracted in rotor, thus realize idle running, eliminate the reactive loss after off-load, decrease energy loss.
This Vane-type hydraulic machine is compared with composite-type, pin-type load structure, process easy, precision easily ensures, cost is lower, by designing each fluid slot angle and position makes blade have rational contact in all-round scope to stator, not only ensure reliable contacts but also control wearing and tearing, improve working pressure, improve product performance.Compared with spring sliding-vane motor, the fatigue failure avoiding spring damages, and reliable performance, the life-span is long.