CN103088861A

CN103088861A - Underwater silt remover, underwater silt removing device comprising the same and operation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN103088861A
Application number: CN2013100414981A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁华安
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Zaozhuang Hi Tech Zone Lizheng Installation Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2013-02-01
Filing date: 2013-02-01
Publication date: 2013-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-01
Also published as: CN103088861B

Abstract

Provided are an underwater silt remover, an underwater silt removing device comprising the same and an operation method thereof. The underwater silt remover comprises a collecting bin arranged in a machine frame, an inlet of a sludge pump is communicated with the collecting bin, an outlet of the sludge pump is communicated with a sludge outlet pipe, a stirring blending mechanism is further arranged in the machine frame, the stirring blending mechanism comprises a rotary blade with a ridging function and a diving motor used for driving the rotary blade to rotate, a filtering net is arranged on the collecting bin, and the rotary blade is located in the front of the collecting bin. Power for driving the underwater silt remover to move forwards in sludge is from traction force of a first winch. The traction force is output to the first elastic balancer, a spring of the first elastic balancer is stretched to perform conversion storage of energy, then in the process of silt removing work of the underwater silt remover, the spring of the first elastic balancer slowly retracts to the original shape, releases stored energy, and supplies the power to the underwater silt remover for moving forwards.

Description

Underwater silt remover, underwater silt removing equipment comprising same and operation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to an underwater silt remover, in particular to an underwater silt remover, underwater silt removing equipment comprising the underwater silt remover and an operation method of the underwater silt removing equipment.

Background

The existing silt remover, silt removing ship or silt removing pump, etc. can not meet the actual working requirement due to the heaviness, high price, inconvenient operation, difficult moving and installation, and unreasonable design, and are rarely practically applied in production.

At present, sludge at the bottom of most of ponds is deposited, and occupies a large amount of water body space of the ponds, so that the water body becomes shallow, small and turbid, and the photosynthesis of aquatic algae in the ponds is influenced.

Chinese patent document No. CN2356070Y discloses a walking type underwater silt remover with a hydraulic propeller in 29.12.1999, which comprises a body; the driving part comprises two driving motors and a mud pump motor which are fixed relatively to the machine body; the traveling devices are rotatably arranged on two sides below the machine body and are respectively connected with two driving motors in the driving part; the mud pump is connected with a mud pump motor in the driving part, and the mud pump motor are horizontally arranged on the bottom surface of the machine body; one end of the mud discharging pipe is communicated with the outlet of the mud pump; the buoyancy device is fixed on the machine body; a sundries storage box which is communicated with the suction port of the dredge pump, the lower end of the sundries storage box is open, the upper end of the sundries storage box is provided with a cover plate which can be turned over, and the suction port of the dredge pump in the sundries storage box is provided with a filter screen; at least one hydraulic propeller is fixedly arranged on the machine body.

The hydraulic propeller comprises a hydraulic propeller arranged at the center of one axial end of the machine body. Or the hydraulic propeller comprises one hydraulic propeller which is arranged at the center of two axial ends of the machine body. Or the hydraulic propellers comprise one hydraulic propeller which is symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the transverse direction of the fuselage. Or the hydraulic propeller comprises a motor, a coupling, a propeller and a flow guide cover which is fixed on the machine body and surrounds the propeller, wherein the motor, the coupling, the propeller and the flow guide cover are sequentially connected.

The hydraulic propeller comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a propeller and a flow guide cover which is fixed on the machine body and surrounds the propeller, wherein the motor, the speed reducer, the propeller and the flow guide cover are sequentially connected. The hydraulic propeller comprises a motor and an axial flow pump which are connected in sequence. The motor driving the propeller or the axial flow pump is a submersible motor.

The underwater silt remover has a complex structure and high manufacturing cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an underwater silt remover, underwater silt removing equipment comprising the underwater silt remover and an operation method of the underwater silt removing equipment, which are simple and reasonable in structure, flexible in operation and low in manufacturing cost, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

According to the design of this purpose's a silt remover under water, including setting up the collection storehouse in the frame, the import and the collection storehouse of mud pump communicate with each other, and the export of mud pump communicates with each other with mud pipe, still is provided with disturbance rabbling mechanism in its structural feature is the frame, and this disturbance rabbling mechanism is provided with the filter screen including the rotary blade of taking the ridging function and being used for driving rotary blade pivoted dive motor and reduction gear on the collection storehouse, and the rotary blade is located the place ahead in filter screen and collection storehouse.

The submersible motor is suspended on the frame, the submersible motor is connected with a rotating shaft arranged in the frame through a speed reducer, and more than two rotary blades are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft; the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively provided with a detachable spiral blade for disturbing and stirring sludge positioned at the two sides of the underwater silt remover to concentrate towards the middle part;

the rotating shaft, the rotary blade and the spiral blade are transversely arranged in front of the filter screen and are hung on the rack.

The submersible motor is positioned above the rotary tillage blades;

the overlooking structure of the collecting bin is trapezoidal, the wide open end of the collecting bin is a sludge inlet end, the filter screen is arranged at the sludge inlet end, the narrow closed end of the collecting bin is a sludge outlet end, and the sludge outlet pipe is connected with the sludge outlet end.

The submersible motor is arranged horizontally or vertically.

The machine frame is provided with a split type floating and diving air tank which is communicated with an air compressor; the buoyancy of the floating and diving air box is larger than the total weight of the whole underwater silt remover and has certain margin.

The front part or the front lower half part of the frame is in a curved arc shape or an upward sharp angle shape so as to reduce the advancing resistance and prevent the sinking.

The front part of the frame is provided with more than two traction connection points for assisting in adjusting the dredging strength.

An underwater dredging device comprises an underwater dredging machine and is structurally characterized by also comprising a first fixed rod, a second fixed rod, a first winch and a first elastic force balancer,

the underwater dredging machine comprises a pond base, a first fixing rod, a second fixing rod, a first winch, a second winch, a first elastic balancer and a second elastic balancer, wherein the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod are respectively fixed at two ends of the pond base; the first pulley is arranged on one of more than two traction coupling points for assisting in adjusting the dredging strength,

the underwater silt remover advances and retreats along a straight line between the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod,

the power for the underwater silt remover to move forward continuously is provided for the first elastic force balancer by the first winch, so that the spring in the first elastic force balancer is stretched to convert and store kinetic energy, and then the spring is gradually and slowly released in the using process of the underwater silt remover to provide the power for the underwater silt remover to move forward continuously and form a pulling forward distance.

The first elastic force balancer is a spring tension balancer or a spiral spring;

wherein, the first elastic force balancer is one; or, the number of the first elastic force balancers is more than two, and the more than two first elastic force balancers are connected in parallel or in series.

The underwater dredging equipment also comprises a second winch, the second winch is connected with a second fixed rod, and a second pull rope of the second winch is connected with the other end of the frame of the underwater dredging machine.

An operation method of underwater dredging equipment is characterized in that an underwater dredger carries out line-by-line dredging or radiation dredging in a pond,

when the gradual row type dredging is carried out, the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, the pond is partitioned line by line, a first fixed rod and a second fixed rod are respectively arranged at two ends of a first line of a pond base, then a first winch, a second winch, an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank, a mud outlet pipe and a first elastic force balancer are connected,

step two, putting the underwater silt remover into the pond, starting an air compressor to fill the floating and diving air tank with air, enabling the underwater silt remover to float on the water surface of the pond, dragging the underwater silt remover to a first position at one end of a first line of the pond through a first winch and a second winch, and at the moment, closing the first winch, opening the second winch and enabling the first elastic balancer not to deform;

step three, closing the second winch, and discharging air in the floating and diving air box by using an air compressor; sinking the underwater silt remover in silt at the bottom of a pond of the pond, pulling and tidying the sludge outlet pipe, starting the first winch until the first elastic balancer extends to a self limit position, cutting off the power supply of the first winch, pulling and tidying the sludge outlet pipe again, pulling the underwater silt remover to move forwards by utilizing the self resilience force of the first elastic balancer, and starting a submersible motor and a mud pump of the underwater silt remover while cutting off the power supply of the first winch to extract the silt;

step four, with continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards and continuously removes the silt in the first row of the pond under the action of the pulling force of the first elastic balancer;

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the first elastic balancer to reset, the first hoisting machine is started to extend to the limited position of the first elastic balancer again, the power supply of the first hoisting machine is cut off, the underwater silt remover is pulled forwards again by utilizing the self resilience force of the first elastic balancer to remove silt, and the steps are repeated until the underwater silt remover reaches the second position at the other end of the pond, wherein the first position and the second position are positioned between the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod,

step seven, starting an air compressor to inflate the floating and diving air tank, cutting off a power supply of the air compressor after the underwater silt remover floats to the water surface, then pulling out the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod and respectively moving the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod to two ends of a second row of the pond for installation, respectively pulling the underwater silt remover to a third position at one end of the second row of the pond by the first winch and the second winch through pulling the first pull rope and the second pull rope respectively, pulling and arranging a sludge outlet pipe,

step eight, repeating the step two to the step seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to a fourth position in the second row of the pond, the second row of the pond is dredged, the underwater dredger moves forward and backward on the connecting line between the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod in a straight line,

step nine, repeating the step two to the step eight until the dredging of the whole pond is finished;

or when the radial dredging is carried out, the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, respectively installing a first fixed rod and a second fixed rod at two ends of a pond base, then connecting a first winch, a second winch, an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank, a mud outlet pipe and a first elastic force balancer,

then, the pond is divided into a plurality of areas in a radiation type by taking a first fixed rod arranged outside the pond as a circle center according to the common transverse width of the rotating shaft, the rotary blade and the spiral blade and the size of the pond, the plurality of areas comprise a first area and a second area,

step two, placing the underwater silt remover into the pond, wherein the underwater silt remover is positioned in a first area, starting an air compressor to fill a floating diving box with gas, the underwater silt remover floats on the water surface of the pond, dragging the underwater silt remover to a fifth position of the pond through a first winch and a second winch, wherein the first winch is closed, the second winch is opened, and the first elastic balancer is not deformed;

step four, with continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards in the pond and continuously removes the silt under the action of the pulling force of the first elastic balancer;

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the first elastic balancer to reset, starting the first hoisting machine to extend the first elastic balancer to the limited position of the first hoisting machine again, cutting off the power supply of the first hoisting machine, pulling the underwater silt remover forwards again by utilizing the self resilience force of the first elastic balancer to carry out silt removal, and repeating the steps until the underwater silt remover reaches the sixth position of the other end of the pond, wherein at the moment, the silt removal work of the first area of the pond is finished; wherein the fifth position and the sixth position are positioned between the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod,

step seven, starting an air compressor to inflate the floating and diving air tank, cutting off a power supply of the air compressor after the underwater silt remover floats to the water surface, then pulling out a second fixed rod, taking a first fixed rod arranged outside the fishpond as a circle center, and mounting the second fixed rod after rotating a certain angle around the fishpond, wherein at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned in a second area, pulling a first pull rope and a second pull rope through a first winch and a second winch respectively to pull the underwater silt remover to a seventh position of the fishpond, pulling and tidying a mud pipe, and at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned at a seventh position in the second area,

step eight, repeating the step two to the step seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to an eighth position in the second area in the pond, the dredging work of the second area of the pond is completed, the underwater dredger moves forward and backward on the connecting line between the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod in a straight line,

and step nine, repeating the step two to the step eight until the dredging of all the divided areas of the pond is finished.

And in the second step, a small amount of air is reserved in the floating and diving air tank until the underwater silt remover is positioned in the water body of the pond, so that the first elastic balancer controls and adjusts the cleaning strength.

In the third step, when the underwater silt remover can not move forwards, the power supply of the submersible motor and the slurry pump is cut off, and then the underwater silt remover is lifted to float out of the water surface of the pond; and then repeating the second step to the third step.

The first fixing rod and the second fixing rod respectively adopt a method of rotating into the ground and rotating out.

An underwater dredging device comprises an underwater dredging machine and is characterized by also comprising a third fixed rod, a fourth fixed rod, a third winch, a fourth winch and a second elastic force balancer,

wherein, the third fixed rod and the fourth fixed rod are respectively fixed at the two ends of the pond,

the third winch is connected with the third fixed rod, one end of a third pull rope of the third winch bypasses a fourth pulley arranged on the fourth fixed rod and then is connected with one end of a stander of the underwater silt remover,

a fourth winch is connected with a third fixed rod, one end of a fourth pull rope of the fourth winch bypasses a third pulley arranged at the other end of the frame of the underwater silt remover and then is connected with one end of a second elastic force balancer, the other end of the second elastic force balancer is connected with the third fixed rod, the third pulley is arranged on one of more than two traction connecting points for assisting in adjusting the silt removing strength,

the underwater silt remover advances and retreats along a straight line between the third fixed rod and the fourth fixed rod,

the power for the underwater silt remover to move forward continuously is provided for the second elastic force balancer by the fourth winch, so that the spring in the second elastic force balancer is stretched to convert and store the kinetic energy, and then the spring is gradually and slowly released in the using process of the underwater silt remover to provide the power for the underwater silt remover to move forward continuously and form the distance for pulling the underwater silt remover to move forward.

The second elastic force balancer is a spring tension balancer or a spiral spring; wherein, the second elastic force balancer is one; or, the number of the second elastic force balancers is more than two, and the more than two second elastic force balancers are connected in parallel or in series.

firstly, the pond is partitioned line by line, a third fixed rod and a fourth fixed rod are respectively arranged at two ends of a first line of a pond base, then a third winch, a fourth winch, an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank, a mud pipe and a second elastic force balancer are connected,

step two, putting the underwater silt remover into the pond, starting an air compressor to fill the floating and diving air tank with air, enabling the underwater silt remover to float on the water surface of the pond, dragging the underwater silt remover to a first position at one end of a first line of the pond through a third winch, and at the moment, closing a fourth winch, starting the third winch and enabling a second elastic balancer not to deform;

step three, closing the third winch, and discharging air in the floating and diving air box by using an air compressor; sinking the underwater silt remover in the silt at the bottom of the pond, pulling and tidying the mud outlet pipe, starting the fourth winch until the second elastic balancer extends to a self limit position, cutting off the power supply of the fourth winch, pulling and tidying the mud outlet pipe again, pulling the underwater silt remover to move forwards by utilizing the self resilience force of the second elastic balancer, and starting a submersible motor and a mud pump of the underwater silt remover while cutting off the power supply of the fourth winch to extract the silt;

step four, with continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards and continuously removes the silt in the first row of the pond under the action of the pulling force of the second elastic balancer;

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the second elastic force balancer to reset, the fourth winch is started to extend to the limit position of the second elastic force balancer again, the power supply of the fourth winch is cut off, the underwater silt remover is pulled forwards again by utilizing the self resilience force of the second elastic force balancer to remove silt, and the steps are repeated until the underwater silt remover reaches the second position at the other end of the pond, wherein the first position and the second position are positioned between the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod,

step seven, starting an air compressor to inflate the floating and diving air tank, cutting off the power supply of the air compressor after the underwater silt remover floats to the water surface, then pulling out a third fixed rod and a fourth fixed rod and respectively moving the third fixed rod and the fourth fixed rod to the two ends of the second row of the pond for installation, pulling the third pull rope through a third winch to pull the underwater silt remover to a third position at one end of the second row of the pond, pulling and arranging a mud pipe,

step eight, repeating the step two to the step seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to a fourth position in the second row of the pond, the second row of the pond is dredged, the underwater dredger moves forward and backward on the connecting line between the third fixing rod and the fourth fixing rod in a straight line,

firstly, respectively installing a third fixed rod and a fourth fixed rod at two ends of a pond base, then connecting a third winch, a fourth winch, an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank, a mud outlet pipe and a second elastic force balancer,

then, the pond is divided into a plurality of areas in a radiation type by taking a third fixed rod arranged outside the pond as a circle center according to the common transverse width of the rotating shaft, the rotary blade and the spiral blade and the size of the pond, the plurality of areas comprise a first area and a second area,

step two, placing the underwater silt remover into the pond, wherein the underwater silt remover is positioned in the first area, starting an air compressor to fill the floating diving box with gas, the underwater silt remover floats on the water surface of the pond, dragging the underwater silt remover to a fifth position of the pond through a third winch, and at the moment, closing a fourth winch, opening the third winch and ensuring that a second elastic balancer is not deformed;

step four, with continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards in the pond and continuously removes the silt under the action of the pulling force of the second elastic balancer;

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the second elastic balancer to reset, starting the fourth winch until the second elastic balancer extends to the limit position of the fourth winch again, cutting off the power supply of the fourth winch, pulling the underwater silt remover forwards again by utilizing the resilience force of the second elastic balancer, repeating the steps until the underwater silt remover reaches the sixth position of the other end of the pond, and at the moment, completing the silt removing work of the first area of the pond; wherein the fifth position and the sixth position are located between the third fixing bar and the fourth fixing bar,

step seven, starting an air compressor to inflate the floating and diving air tank, cutting off a power supply of the air compressor after the underwater silt remover floats to the water surface, then starting a fourth fixed rod, taking the third fixed rod arranged outside the fishpond as a circle center, and mounting the fourth fixed rod after rotating a certain angle around the fishpond, wherein at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned in a second area, pulling a third pull rope through a third winch to pull the underwater silt remover to a seventh position of the fishpond, pulling and tidying a mud pipe, and at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned at the seventh position in the second area,

step eight, repeating the step two to the step seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to an eighth position in the second area in the pond, the dredging work of the second area of the pond is completed, the underwater dredger moves forward and backward on the connecting line between the third fixing rod and the fourth fixing rod in a straight line,

and step nine, repeating the step two to the step eight until the dredging of all the divided areas of the pond (50) is finished.

The third fixing rod and the fourth fixing rod respectively adopt a method of rotating in the ground and a method of rotating out.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following advantages: 1) the sludge can be removed on the premise of not influencing the culture production of the pond; 2) the sludge at the bottom of the pond can be uniformly and comprehensively cleaned by accurately positioning according to the requirement; 3) the method has the characteristics of high speed, high efficiency, low cost and low energy consumption, does not need to drain water, has short working period and reasonable working intensity, and can randomly select the working range; 4) the whole underwater dredging device has compact and light structure and convenient movement, and can be easily transferred when being placed on a tricycle or motorcycle tailstock; 5) the product has low cost, durability, low failure rate and reliable use; the operation is flexible, and the user can independently operate after reading the instruction or watching the instruction on site; 6) need with manpower little, one to two people alright light operation, when the user is skilled, install remote switch and the spacing canceling release mechanical system of stroke additional on first hoist engine and second hoist engine, then can alone operate.

The power for the underwater silt remover to advance in the silt comes from the traction force of the first winch or the fourth winch outside the pond, namely on the shore. The traction force is output to the first elastic force balancer or the second elastic force balancer, energy is converted and stored by stretching the spring of the first elastic force balancer or the second elastic force balancer, then in the dredging process of the underwater dredger, the spring of the first elastic force balancer or the second elastic force balancer slowly retracts to the original state and releases the stored energy, and the power for advancing the underwater dredger is continuously supplied; the sinking and floating of the silt remover in water are controlled by the aeration quantity of the floating and diving air box.

The invention has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure, flexible operation and low manufacturing cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention in a use state.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the rotary shaft and the rotary blade after they are assembled.

Fig. 3 is a first application of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a second application example of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the present invention in a use state.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the present invention in a use state.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention in a use state.

In the figure: 1 is a submersible motor, 2 is a floating and diving air tank, 3 is a slurry pump, 4 is a rotary blade, 5 is a filter screen, 6 is a collection bin, 7 is a mud outlet pipe, 8 is a first pull rope, 9 is a second pull rope, 10 is a first elastic force balancer, 11 is a first pulley, 12 is a second pulley, 13 is a first winch, 14 is a second winch, 15 is a second fixing rod, 16 is a first fixing rod, 17 is a rotating shaft, 18 is an air compressor, 20 is a frame, 21 is a spiral blade, 31 is a first position, 32 is a second position, 33 is a third position, 34 is a fourth position, 35 is a fifth position, 36 is a sixth position, 37 is a seventh position, 38 is an eighth position, 50 is a pond, 51 is a third pulley, 52 is a fourth pulley, 53 is a third winch, 54 is a fourth winch, 55 is a third fixing rod, 56 is a fourth fixing rod, 58 is a third pull rope, 59 is a fourth pull rope, and 60 is a second elastic force balancer.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

First embodiment

Referring to fig. 1-2, the underwater silt remover comprises a collecting bin 6 arranged in a frame 20, wherein an inlet of a mud pump 3 is communicated with the collecting bin 6, an outlet of the mud pump 3 is communicated with a mud outlet pipe 7, a disturbance stirring mechanism is further arranged in the frame 20, the disturbance stirring mechanism comprises a rotary blade 4 with a ridging function, a submersible motor 1 and a speed reducer, the submersible motor is used for driving the rotary blade 4 to rotate, a filter screen 5 is arranged on the collecting bin 6, and the rotary blade 4 is located in front of the filter screen 5 and the collecting bin 6.

The submersible motor 1 is suspended on the frame 20, the submersible motor 1 is connected with a rotating shaft 17 arranged in the frame 20 through a speed reducer, and more than two rotary blades 4 are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft 17; the two ends of the rotating shaft 17 are respectively provided with a detachable spiral blade 21 which is used for stirring and stirring sludge positioned at the two sides of the underwater silt remover and centralizing the sludge towards the middle part; the rotating shaft 17, the rotary blade 4 and the spiral blade 21 are transversely arranged in front of the filter screen 5 and are hung on the frame 20.

The arrangement of the rotary blades 4 and the spiral blades 21 ensures that the sludge below the underwater silt remover is close to the middle part of the underwater silt remover, so that the sludge can enter the collecting bin 6 and be collected by the sludge outlet pipe 7.

The submersible motor 1 is positioned above the rotary blade 4.

In this embodiment, the submersible motor 1 is located right above the rotary blade 4, and the submersible motor 1 is arranged vertically as shown in fig. 1. In this case, the underwater sealing of the hydroelectric generator 1 is relatively easy to achieve.

The overlooking structure of the collecting bin 6 is trapezoidal, the wide open end of the collecting bin 6 is a sludge inlet end, the filter screen 5 is arranged at the sludge inlet end, the narrow closed end of the collecting bin 6 is a sludge outlet end, and the sludge outlet pipe 7 is connected with the sludge outlet end.

A split type floating and diving box 2 is arranged on the frame 20, and the floating and diving box 2 is communicated with the air compressor 18; the buoyancy of the floating and diving air box 2 is larger than the total weight of the whole underwater silt remover and has certain margin.

The front or lower front half of the frame 20 is curved in a circular arc shape or in an upwardly pointed shape to reduce the resistance to forward movement and prevent sinking. The front part of the frame 20 is provided with more than two traction connection points for assisting in adjusting the dredging strength.

An underwater dredging device comprises an underwater dredging machine, and also comprises a first fixed rod 16, a second fixed rod 15, a first winch 13 and a first elastic balancer 10,

the first fixing rod 16 and the second fixing rod 15 are respectively fixed at two ends of a pond 50 base, the first winch 13 is connected with the second fixing rod 15, one end of a first pull rope 8 of the first winch 13 sequentially bypasses a second pulley 12 arranged on the first fixing rod 16 and a first pulley 11 arranged at one end of a frame 20 of the underwater silt remover and then is connected with the other end of a first elastic balancer 10, and one end of the first elastic balancer 10 is connected with the first fixing rod 16; the first pulley 11 is arranged on one of more than two traction coupling points for assisting in adjusting the dredging strength. The underwater dredger is advanced in a straight line between the first fixing bar 16 and the second fixing bar 15.

The base of the pond 50 is the shore of the pond and is not in water.

The power of the underwater silt remover advancing continuously is provided for the first elastic force balancer 10 by the first winch 13, so that the spring in the first elastic force balancer 10 is stretched to convert and store the kinetic energy, and then the power is gradually and slowly released in the using process of the underwater silt remover to provide the power of the underwater silt remover advancing continuously and form the distance of pulling advancing.

The number of the first elastic balancer 10 is more than one. In the present embodiment, the first elastic force balancer 10 is a spring tension balancer or a coil spring.

In order to improve the working efficiency, more than two first elastic force balancers 10 may be connected in parallel or in series.

The underwater dredging device also comprises a second winch 14, the second winch 14 is connected with a second fixing rod 15, and a second pull rope 9 of the second winch 14 is connected with the other end of the frame 20 of the underwater dredging machine.

A method of operating an underwater dredging apparatus, the underwater dredging machine performing line-by-line dredging or radial dredging in a pond 50.

When the line-by-line dredging is carried out, see fig. 3, the following steps are included:

firstly, dividing a pond 50 into blocks line by line, respectively installing a first fixed rod 16 and a second fixed rod 15 at two ends of a first line of a pond base 50, then connecting a first winch 13, a second winch 14, an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank 2, a mud outlet pipe 7 and a first elastic force balancer 10,

step two, putting the underwater silt remover into the pond 50, starting the air compressor 18 to fill the floating and diving air tank 2 with air, enabling the underwater silt remover to float on the water surface of the pond 50, dragging the underwater silt remover to a first position 31 at one end of a first line of the pond 50 through the first winch 13 and the second winch 14, at the moment, closing the first winch 13, opening the second winch 14, and enabling the first elastic balancer 10 not to deform;

step three, closing the second winch 14, and discharging the air in the floating and diving air box 2 by using the air compressor 18; sinking the underwater silt remover in the silt at the bottom of the pond 50, pulling and tidying the sludge outlet pipe 7, starting the first hoisting machine 13 until the first elastic balancer 10 extends to a limit position, cutting off the power supply of the first hoisting machine 13, pulling and tidying the sludge outlet pipe 7 again, pulling the underwater silt remover to move forwards by utilizing the self resilience of the first elastic balancer 10, and starting the submersible motor 1 and the mud pump 3 of the underwater silt remover while cutting off the power supply of the first hoisting machine 13 to extract the silt;

for the first spring balancer 10, different specifications have different limit positions, for example, one suitable for 2.8m and one suitable for 5m, where 2.8m and 5m are the limit positions. In use, the length of the extension should not exceed its limit position to prevent damage to the first spring balancer 10.

Step four, with the continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards and continuously removes the silt in the first row of the pond 50 under the action of the pulling force of the first elastic balancer 10;

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the first elastic balancer 10 to reset, the first winch 13 is started until the first elastic balancer 10 extends to the limit position of the first winch 13 again, the power supply of the first winch 13 is cut off, the underwater silt remover is pulled forwards again by using the self resilience force of the first elastic balancer 10 to remove silt, and the steps are repeated until the underwater silt remover reaches the second position 32 at the other end of the pond 50, wherein the first position 31 and the second position 32 are positioned between the first fixing rod 16 and the second fixing rod 15,

step seven, starting the air compressor 18 to inflate the floating and diving air tank 2, cutting off the power supply of the air compressor 18 after the underwater silt remover floats to the water surface, then pulling out the first fixing rod 16 and the second fixing rod 15 and respectively moving the fixing rods to the two ends of the second row of the pond 50 for installation, respectively pulling the underwater silt remover to the third position 33 at one end of the second row of the pond 50 by the first winch 13 and the second winch 14 to respectively pull the first pull rope 8 and the second pull rope 9, pulling and tidying the mud pipe 7,

step eight, repeating the steps two to seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to the fourth position 34 in the second row of the pond 50, the second row of the pond 50 is dredged, the underwater dredger moves forward and backward on the connecting line between the first fixing rod 16 and the second fixing rod 15 in a straight line,

and step nine, repeating the step two to the step eight until the dredging of the whole pond 50 is finished.

In the second step, a small amount of air is reserved in the floating and diving air tank 18 until the underwater silt remover is in the water body of the pond 50, so that the first elastic balancer 10 can control and adjust the cleaning strength.

In the third step, when the underwater silt remover can not move forwards, the power supply of the submersible motor 1 and the slurry pump 3 is cut off, and then the underwater silt remover is lifted to float out of the water surface of the pond 50; and then repeating the second step to the third step.

When carrying out radial dredging, see fig. 4, the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, a first fixing rod 16 and a second fixing rod 15 are respectively arranged at two ends of a pond 50 base, then a first winch 13, a second winch 14, an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank 2, a mud outlet pipe 7 and a first elastic force balancer 10 are connected,

then, the pond 50 is divided into a plurality of areas in a radial manner by taking the first fixing rod 16 installed outside the pond as a circle center, the pond 50 is divided into a plurality of areas according to the common transverse width of the rotating shaft 17, the rotary blade 4 and the spiral blade 21 and the size of the pond 50, the plurality of areas comprise a first area and a second area,

step two, the underwater silt remover is placed in the pond 50, the underwater silt remover is positioned in a first area at the moment, the air compressor 18 is started to fill the floating diving box 2 with air, the underwater silt remover floats on the water surface of the pond 50, then the underwater silt remover is dragged to a fifth position 35 of the pond 50 through the first winch 13 and the second winch 14, at the moment, the first winch 13 is closed, the second winch 14 is opened, and the first elastic balancer 10 is not deformed;

step four, with the continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards in the pond 50 under the action of the pulling force of the first elastic balancer 10 and continuously removes the silt;

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the first elastic balancer 10 to reset, starting the first winch 13 until the first elastic balancer 10 extends to the limit position of the first winch 13 again, cutting off the power supply of the first winch 13, pulling the underwater silt remover forwards again by utilizing the self resilience force of the first elastic balancer 10, repeating the steps until the underwater silt remover reaches the sixth position 36 at the other end of the pond 50, and at the moment, completing the silt removing work of the first area of the pond 50; wherein the fifth position 35 and the sixth position 36 are located between the first fixing bar 16 and the second fixing bar 15,

step seven, starting the air compressor 18 to inflate the floating and diving air tank 2, cutting off the power supply of the air compressor 18 after the underwater silt remover floats to the water surface, then starting the second fixed rod 15, taking the first fixed rod 16 arranged outside the fishpond as the center of a circle, mounting the second fixed rod 15 after rotating a certain angle around the fishpond 50, at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned in the second area, pulling the first pull rope 8 and the second pull rope 9 to pull the underwater silt remover to the seventh position 37 of the fishpond 50 through the first winch 13 and the second winch 14 respectively, pulling the underwater silt remover to arrange the dredging pipe 7, at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned at the seventh position 37 in the second area,

step eight, repeating the steps two to seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to the eighth position 38 in the second area in the pond 50, the dredging work of the second area of the pond 50 is completed, the underwater dredger moves forward and backward on the connecting line between the first fixing rod 16 and the second fixing rod 15 in a straight line,

and step nine, repeating the step two to the step eight until the dredging of all the divided areas of the pond 50 is finished.

The second winch 14 also has the function of preventing the underwater dredging machine from being excessively sunk. The position of the connection of the second hoist 14 to the second fixed bar can be adjusted on site.

When the underwater silt remover is not pulled due to the occurrence of a special position, the underwater silt remover can be adjusted to be proper by adopting auxiliary measures such as increasing the buoyancy of the floating diving box 2, increasing the pulling force of the first elastic balancer 10, or replacing a silt removing strength adjusting plate with a larger area.

During dredging, care should be taken to pull the downdraft dredge 7 frequently. The underwater dredger should be moved smoothly.

The floating and diving gas tank 2 can be made of metal, hard plastic, rubber or high-strength sealing cloth.

The buoyancy of the floating and diving air box 2 is larger than the total weight of the whole underwater silt remover and has certain margin.

The position of the underwater silt remover in water or silt is adjusted by the filling degree of compressed air in the floating and diving air tank 2 so as to be convenient to move and serve as an auxiliary means for adjusting the cleaning strength.

The power of the underwater silt remover advancing continuously is provided for the first elastic balancer 10 by the first winch firstly, so that the first elastic balancer 10 carries out kinetic energy conversion and storage, and then is gradually released gradually in the using process to provide the power of the underwater silt remover advancing continuously and form a pulling advancing distance.

The dredging strength is formed by four factors of the tension of the first elastic balancer 10, the amount of residual air in the floating and diving air box, the height of the connecting position of the first pull rope and the second pull rope, the area of the dredging strength adjusting plate and the like.

The underwater dredger is operated underwater in a manner of advancing and retreating linearly between the first fixing rod 16 and the second fixing rod 15.

The first fixing rod 16 and the second fixing rod 15 can be fixed and taken out in a rotating mode in the ground and in a rotating mode in the lifting mode, and the operation is safe and fast.

The upper top ends of the first fixing bar 16 and the second fixing bar 15 are provided with a larger hole for inserting a torque cross bar, and three small holes are distributed below the larger hole at a small distance: one for fixing the pulley, the other for fixing the hoist, and the other for threading and fixing the pull rope. At this time, the first fixing lever 16 and the second fixing lever 15 may be interchanged.

The rotary blade has the ridging function of enabling mud to move towards the middle of the mud, and the rotary blade can be one group of three blades or one group of four blades.

The spiral blades 21 at the two shaft ends strengthen the ridging function, and are combined with the rotating shaft to form a lengthened assembling and disassembling structure.

The rotating shaft and the rotary blade are transversely arranged in front of the inlet of the collecting bin.

The front view of the collecting bin is of a rectangular and trapezoidal combined structure, and a plurality of binding fixing rings, hooks, buckles or fixing belt ropes and the like are distributed on the periphery of the top of the collecting bin and correspond to the binding fixing rings and the like on the floating and diving air box one to one.

The mud pump 3 is mounted vertically at the rear of the collection chamber 6 and at a small distance from the floor in the frame 20 to facilitate the intake of mud or sludge.

The outlet of the mud pump 3 extends out of the rear baffle of the collection bin 6 and is communicated with a mud outlet pipe 7. A collection bin with mud pumps 3 is mounted at the rear of the frame 20.

The front part or the front lower half part of the frame 20 is in a curved arc shape, the structure can be divided into two structures of a semi-circle and a quarter circle, and a semi-rhombus elevation angle-shaped inclined rod structure with a speed reducer in an inclined hanging mode, and the inclined rod structure extends out of the radius range of the rotary blade. Wherein, the speed reducer is positioned between the submersible motor 1 and the rotating shaft 17.

More than two traction connecting points are respectively arranged at the upper front part and the lower front part of the frame 20 and can be used for auxiliary adjustment of dredging strength, in other words, the first pull rope 8 is connected with the traction connecting points at the upper front part and the lower front part of the frame 20, and the specific positions of the traction connecting points have the following characteristics: the dredging intensity gradually decreases from top to bottom.

The submersible motor 1 and the motor of the mud pump 3 can share the same power line. The submersible motor 1 and the mud pump 3 are synchronously started.

The first fixing rod and the second fixing rod are rotated to the ground, for example, threads are respectively arranged on the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod. When the structure rotating to the ground is installed, the operation is labor-saving, the working efficiency is high, and the structure can be suitable for various environments.

Particularly, when the walking type underwater silt remover in the Chinese patent document CN2356070Y is stuck in water, the walking type underwater silt remover is difficult to take out, and the product can quickly float out of the water surface by virtue of the first winch, the second winch and the floating diving box.

Second embodiment

Referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the submersible motor 1 is located obliquely rearward and upward of the rotary blade 4. At this time, the submersible motor 1 is horizontally arranged, and the sealing grade requirement of the submersible motor 1 is slightly higher than that of the first embodiment.

The rest of the parts which are not described in the first embodiment are not described in detail.

Third embodiment

Referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the submersible motor 1 is installed obliquely, and the submersible motor 1 is located obliquely above and in front of the rotary blade 4. The front part or the front lower half part of the frame 20 is in a sharp angle shape, so that the resistance of advancing can be reduced, and the sinking can be prevented. The rest of the parts which are not described in the first embodiment are not described in detail.

Fourth embodiment

Referring to fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the underwater dredging apparatus includes an underwater dredging machine, and further includes a third fixing rod 55, a fourth fixing rod 56, a third hoisting machine 53, a fourth hoisting machine 54 and a second elastic force balancer 60, wherein the third fixing rod 55 and the fourth fixing rod 56 are respectively fixed at two ends of a base of the pond 50, the third hoisting machine 53 is connected to the third fixing rod 55, one end of a third pulling rope 58 of the third hoisting machine 53 is connected to one end of the frame 20 of the underwater dredging machine after passing around a fourth pulley 52 provided on the fourth fixing rod 56,

the fourth winch 54 is connected with the third fixed rod 55, one end of a fourth rope 59 of the fourth winch 54 is connected with one end of a second elastic force balancer 60 after passing around a third pulley 51 arranged at the other end of the frame 20 of the underwater dredging machine, the other end of the second elastic force balancer 60 is connected with the third fixed rod 55, the third pulley 51 is arranged on one of more than two traction coupling points for assisting in adjusting the dredging intensity,

the underwater dredger advances and retreats in a straight line between the third fixing rod 55 and the fourth fixing rod 56,

the power of the underwater dredging machine which continuously advances is firstly provided for the second elastic force balancer 60 by the fourth winch 54, so that the spring in the second elastic force balancer 60 is stretched to carry out kinetic energy conversion and storage, and then the spring is gradually and slowly released in the using process of the underwater dredging machine to provide the power of the underwater dredging machine which continuously advances and form the distance of pulling advancing.

The second elastic force balancer 60 is a spring tension balancer or a spiral spring; among them, the second elastic force balancer 60 is one; alternatively, the number of the second elastic force balancers 60 is two or more, and the two or more second elastic force balancers 60 are connected in parallel or in series.

A method of operating an underwater dredging apparatus, an underwater dredger for line-by-line dredging or radial dredging in a pond 50,

firstly, the pond 50 is partitioned line by line, a third fixing rod 55 and a fourth fixing rod 56 are respectively arranged at two ends of a first line of a pond 50 base, then a third winch 53, a fourth winch 54, an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air box 2, a mud outlet pipe 7 and a second elastic force balancer 60 are connected,

step two, putting the underwater silt remover into the pond 50, starting the air compressor 18 to fill the floating and diving air tank 2 with air, enabling the underwater silt remover to float on the water surface of the pond 50, dragging the underwater silt remover to a first position 31 at one end of a first line of the pond 50 through a third winch 53, and at the moment, closing a fourth winch 54, opening the third winch 53 and enabling a second elastic balancer 60 not to deform;

step three, the third winch 53 is turned off, and the air in the floating and diving air box 2 is discharged by the air compressor 18; sinking the underwater silt remover in the silt at the bottom of the pond 50, pulling and tidying the mud outlet pipe 7, starting the fourth winch 54 until the second elastic balancer 60 extends to the limit position of the second elastic balancer, cutting off the power supply of the fourth winch 54, pulling and tidying the mud outlet pipe 7 again, pulling the underwater silt remover to move forwards by using the self resilience force of the second elastic balancer 60, and starting the submersible motor 1 and the mud pump 3 of the underwater silt remover while cutting off the power supply of the fourth winch 54 so as to extract the silt;

step four, with the continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards and continuously removes the silt in the first row of the pond 50 under the action of the pulling force of the second elastic balancer 60;

step five, when the underwater dredger moves forwards to the second elastic force balancer 60 to reset, the fourth winch 54 is started to extend to the limit position of the second elastic force balancer 60 again, the power supply of the fourth winch 54 is cut off, the underwater dredger is pulled forwards again by using the self resilience force of the second elastic force balancer 60 to dredge, and the steps are repeated until the underwater dredger reaches the second position 32 at the other end of the pond 50, wherein the first position 31 and the second position 32 are positioned between the first fixing rod 16 and the second fixing rod 15,

step seven, starting the air compressor 18 to inflate the floating and diving air tank 2, cutting off the power supply of the air compressor 18 after the underwater silt remover floats to the water surface, then pulling out the third fixing rod 55 and the fourth fixing rod 56 and respectively moving to the two ends of the second row of the pond 50 for installation, pulling the third pull rope 58 by the third winch 53 to pull the underwater silt remover to the third position 33 at one end of the second row of the pond 50, pulling and arranging the sludge outlet pipe 7,

step eight, repeating the steps two to seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to the fourth position 34 in the second row of the pond 50, the second row of the pond 50 is dredged, the underwater dredger moves forward and backward on the connecting line between the third fixing rod 55 and the fourth fixing rod 56 in a straight line,

step nine, repeating the step two to the step eight until the dredging of the whole pond 50 is finished;

firstly, a third fixing rod 55 and a fourth fixing rod 56 are respectively arranged at two ends of a pond 50 base, then a third winch 53, a fourth winch 54, an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank 2, a mud outlet pipe 7 and a second elastic force balancer 60 are connected,

then, the pond 50 is divided into a plurality of areas in a radial manner by using a third fixing rod 55 installed outside the pond as a center of a circle, the pond 50 is divided into a plurality of areas according to the common transverse width of the rotating shaft 17, the rotary blade 4 and the spiral blade 21 and the size of the pond 50, the plurality of areas comprise a first area and a second area,

step two, the underwater silt remover is placed into the pond 50, the underwater silt remover is positioned in the first area at the moment, the air compressor 18 is started to fill the floating diving box 2 with air, the underwater silt remover floats on the water surface of the pond 50, then the underwater silt remover is dragged to the fifth position 35 of the pond 50 through the third winch 53, at the moment, the fourth winch 54 is closed, the third winch 53 is opened, and the second elastic balancer 60 is not deformed;

step four, with the continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards in the pond 50 under the action of the pulling force of the second elastic balancer 60 and continuously removes the silt;

step five, when the underwater dredger moves forwards to the second elastic balancer 60 to reset, the fourth winch 54 is started to extend to the limit position of the second elastic balancer 60 again, the power supply of the fourth winch 54 is cut off, the underwater dredger is pulled forwards again by utilizing the self resilience force of the second elastic balancer 60 to dredge, and the operation is repeated until the underwater dredger reaches the sixth position 36 at the other end of the pond 50, and at the moment, the dredging operation of the first area of the pond 50 is completed; wherein the fifth position 35 and the sixth position 36 are located between the third fixing bar 55 and the fourth fixing bar 56,

step seven, starting the air compressor 18 to inflate the floating and diving air tank 2, lifting the underwater silt remover to the water surface, cutting off the power supply of the air compressor 18, then pulling out the fourth fixed rod 56, taking the third fixed rod 55 arranged outside the fishpond as the circle center, rotating the fourth fixed rod 56 around the fishpond 50 for a certain angle, then installing, at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned in the second area, pulling the third pull rope 58 through the third winch 53 to pull the underwater silt remover to the seventh position 37 of the fishpond 50, pulling and tidying the mud pipe 7, at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned at the seventh position 37 in the second area,

step eight, repeating the steps two to seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to the eighth position 38 in the second area of the pond 50, the dredging work of the second area of the pond 50 is completed, the underwater dredger moves forward and backward on the connecting line between the third fixing rod 55 and the fourth fixing rod 56 in a straight line,

The third fixing lever 55 and the fourth fixing lever 56 are rotated into the ground and rotated out, respectively. The rest of the parts which are not described in the first embodiment are not described in detail.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an underwater silt remover, including collection storehouse (6) of setting in frame (20), the import and the collection storehouse (6) of slush pump (3) communicate with each other, the export and the mud pipe (7) of slush pump (3) communicate with each other, still be provided with disturbance rabbling mechanism in characterized by frame (20), this disturbance rabbling mechanism is including rotary blade (4) of taking the ridging function and being used for driving rotary blade (4) pivoted dive motor (1) and reduction gear, be provided with filter screen (5) on collecting storehouse (6), rotary blade (4) are located filter screen (5) and the place ahead of collecting storehouse (6).

2. An underwater dredging machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the submersible motor (1) is suspended on a frame (20), the submersible motor (1) is connected with a rotating shaft (17) arranged in the frame (20) through a speed reducer, and more than two rotary blades (4) are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft (17) relatively; both ends of the rotating shaft (17) are respectively provided with a detachable spiral blade (21) which is used for stirring and concentrating the sludge positioned at both sides of the underwater silt remover to the middle part;

the rotating shaft (17), the rotary blade (4) and the spiral blade (21) are transversely arranged in front of the filter screen (5) and are hung on the frame (20).

3. An underwater dredging machine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the submersible motor (1) is located above the rotary blade (4);

the overlooking structure of the collecting bin (6) is trapezoidal, the wide open end of the collecting bin (6) is a sludge inlet end, the filter screen (5) is arranged at the sludge inlet end, the narrow closed end of the collecting bin (6) is a sludge outlet end, and the sludge outlet pipe (7) is connected with the sludge outlet end.

4. An underwater dredging machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the submersible motor (1) is arranged horizontally or vertically.

5. An underwater dredger according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the frame (20) is provided with a separate floating and submerging tank (2), which floating and submerging tank (2) is in communication with the air compressor (18); the buoyancy of the floating and diving air box (2) is larger than the total weight of the whole underwater silt remover and has certain margin.

6. An underwater dredger according to claim 5, characterized in that the front part or the lower front half of the frame (20) is curved in a circular arc or in an upwardly pointed shape to reduce the advancing resistance and prevent subsidence.

7. An underwater dredger according to claim 6, characterized in that the front part of the frame (20) is provided with more than two towing attachment points for assisting in adjusting the dredging strength.

8. An underwater dredging apparatus comprising the underwater dredging machine of claim 1, characterized by further comprising a first fixing rod (16), a second fixing rod (15), a first winch (13) and a first elastic force balancer (10),

the underwater dredging machine comprises a pond (50), a first fixing rod (16), a second fixing rod (15), a first winch (13), a second winch (15), a first elastic balancer (10) and a second elastic balancer (10), wherein the first fixing rod (16) and the second fixing rod (15) are respectively fixed at two ends of a base of the pond (50), the first winch (13) is connected with the second fixing rod (15), one end of a first pull rope (8) of the first winch (13) sequentially bypasses a second pulley (12) arranged on the first fixing rod (16) and a first pulley (11) arranged at one end of a frame (20) of the underwater dredging machine and then is connected with the other end of the first elastic balancer (10), and one end of the first elastic; the first pulley (11) is arranged on one of more than two traction coupling points for assisting in adjusting the dredging strength,

the underwater silt remover advances and retreats along a straight line between the first fixed rod (16) and the second fixed rod (15),

the power for the continuous advancing of the underwater silt remover is firstly provided for the first elastic force balancer (10) by the first winch (13), so that the spring in the first elastic force balancer (10) is stretched to convert and store the kinetic energy, and then the spring is gradually and slowly released in the using process of the underwater silt remover to provide the power for the continuous advancing of the underwater silt remover and form the distance for pulling the advancing.

9. An underwater dredging arrangement according to claim 8, wherein the first resilient balancer (10) is a spring tension balancer or a helical spring;

wherein, the number of the first elastic force balancer (10) is one; or, the number of the first elastic force balancers (10) is more than two, and the more than two first elastic force balancers (10) are connected in parallel or in series.

10. An underwater dredging apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 9, further comprising a second winch (14), the second winch (14) being connected to the second fixing rod (15), the second pulling rope (9) of the second winch (14) being connected to the other end of the frame (20) of the underwater dredging machine.

11. A method of operating an underwater dredging arrangement as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the underwater dredging machine performs line-by-line dredging or radial dredging in the basin (50),

firstly, dividing a pond (50) line by line, respectively installing a first fixed rod (16) and a second fixed rod (15) at two ends of a first line of a pond (50) base, then connecting a first winch (13), a second winch (14), an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank (2), a mud outlet pipe (7) and a first elastic balancer (10),

secondly, placing the underwater silt remover into the pond (50), starting an air compressor (18) to fill the floating diving air tank (2) with air, enabling the underwater silt remover to float on the water surface of the pond (50), dragging the underwater silt remover to a first position (31) at one end of a first line of the pond (50) through a first winch (13) and a second winch (14), at the moment, closing the first winch (13), opening the second winch (14), and enabling the first elastic balancer (10) not to deform;

step three, closing the second winch (14), and discharging air in the floating diving box (2) by using an air compressor (18); the method comprises the steps of sinking an underwater silt remover in silt at the bottom of a pond (50), pulling and tidying a sludge outlet pipe (7), starting a first hoisting machine (13) until a first elastic balancer (10) extends to a limited position of the first hoisting machine, cutting off a power supply of the first hoisting machine (13), pulling and tidying the sludge outlet pipe (7) again, pulling the underwater silt remover to move forwards by utilizing the self resilience force of the first elastic balancer (10), and starting a submersible motor (1) and a mud pump (3) of the underwater silt remover while cutting off the power supply of the first hoisting machine (13) so as to extract the silt;

with the continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards and continuously removes the silt in the first row of the pond (50) under the action of the pulling force of the first elastic balancer (10);

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the first elastic balancer (10) to reset, the first winch (13) is started to extend to the limited position of the first elastic balancer (10) again, the power supply of the first winch (13) is cut off, the underwater silt remover is pulled forwards again by utilizing the self resilience force of the first elastic balancer (10) to remove silt, and the operation is repeated until the underwater silt remover reaches the second position (32) at the other end of the pond (50), wherein the first position (31) and the second position (32) are positioned between the first fixing rod (16) and the second fixing rod (15),

seventhly, starting an air compressor (18) to inflate the floating diving box (2), cutting off the power supply of the air compressor (18) after the underwater silt remover floats to the water surface, then pulling out a first fixed rod (16) and a second fixed rod (15) and respectively moving the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod to the two ends of a second row of the pond (50) for installation, respectively pulling a first pull rope (8) and a second pull rope (9) through a first winch (13) and a second winch (14) to pull the underwater silt remover to a third position (33) at one end of the second row of the pond (50), pulling and arranging a mud pipe (7),

step eight, repeating the step two to the step seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to a fourth position (34) in the second row of the pond (50), the second row of the pond (50) is dredged, the underwater dredger advances and retreats on the connecting line between the first fixing rod (16) and the second fixing rod (15) in a straight line,

step nine, repeating the step two to the step eight until the dredging of the whole pond (50) is finished;

or,

when the radial dredging is carried out, the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, a first fixed rod (16) and a second fixed rod (15) are respectively installed at two ends of a pond (50) base, then a first winch (13), a second winch (14), an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank (2), a mud outlet pipe (7) and a first elastic force balancer (10) are connected,

then, the pond (50) is divided into a plurality of areas in a radiation mode by taking a first fixed rod (16) arranged outside the pond as a circle center, the pond (50) is divided into a plurality of areas according to the common transverse width of the rotating shaft (17), the rotary blade (4) and the spiral blade (21) and the size of the pond (50), the plurality of areas comprise a first area and a second area,

secondly, placing the underwater silt remover into the pond (50), wherein the underwater silt remover is positioned in a first area, starting an air compressor (18) to fill the floating and diving air tank (2) with air, enabling the underwater silt remover to float on the water surface of the pond (50), dragging the underwater silt remover to a fifth position (35) of the pond (50) through a first winch (13) and a second winch (14), and at the moment, closing the first winch (13), starting the second winch (14) and enabling the first elastic force balancer (10) not to deform;

step four, with continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards in the pond (50) under the action of the pulling force of the first elastic balancer (10) and continuously removes the silt;

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the first elastic balancer (10) to reset, starting the first hoisting machine (13) to extend the first elastic balancer (10) to the limited position of the first hoisting machine (13), pulling the underwater silt remover forwards again by using the resilience force of the first elastic balancer (10), repeating the steps until the underwater silt remover reaches the sixth position (36) at the other end of the pond (50), and at the moment, finishing the silt removing work of the first area of the pond (50); wherein the fifth position (35) and the sixth position (36) are located between the first fixing bar (16) and the second fixing bar (15),

step seven, starting an air compressor (18) to inflate the floating submersible tank (2), lifting the underwater silt remover to the water surface, cutting off the power supply of the air compressor (18), then pulling out a second fixed rod (15), taking a first fixed rod (16) arranged outside the fishpond as a circle center, rotating the second fixed rod (15) around the fishpond (50) for a certain angle, then installing, at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned in a second area, respectively pulling a first pull rope (8) and a second pull rope (9) through a first winch (13) and a second winch (14) to pull the underwater silt remover to a seventh position (37) of the fishpond (50), pulling and tidying a mud pipe (7), at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned at the seventh position (37) in the second area,

step eight, repeating the step two to the step seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to an eighth position (38) in the second area in the pond (50), the dredging work of the second area of the pond (50) is completed, the underwater dredger advances and retreats on the connecting line between the first fixing rod (16) and the second fixing rod (15) in a straight line,

12. A method of operating an underwater dredging device according to claim 11, wherein the first fixing rod (16) and the second fixing rod (15) are rotated into the ground and rotated out, respectively.

13. An underwater dredging apparatus comprising the underwater dredging machine of claim 1, characterized by further comprising a third fixing rod (55), a fourth fixing rod (56), a third hoisting machine (53), a fourth hoisting machine (54) and a second elastic force balancer (60),

wherein, the third fixing rod (55) and the fourth fixing rod (56) are respectively fixed at two ends of the base of the pond (50),

the third winch (53) is connected with the third fixed rod (55), one end of a third pull rope (58) of the third winch (53) is connected with one end of a frame (20) of the underwater dredger after bypassing a fourth pulley (52) arranged on a fourth fixed rod (56),

a fourth winch (54) is connected with a third fixed rod (55), one end of a fourth pull rope (59) of the fourth winch (54) is connected with one end of a second elastic force balancer (60) after bypassing a third pulley (51) arranged at the other end of the frame (20) of the underwater silt remover, the other end of the second elastic force balancer (60) is connected with the third fixed rod (55), the third pulley (51) is arranged on one of more than two traction connecting points for assisting in adjusting the silt removing strength,

the underwater dredger advances and retreats along a straight line between the third fixing rod (55) and the fourth fixing rod (56),

the power for the continuous advancing of the underwater silt remover is firstly provided for the second elastic force balancer (60) by the fourth winch (54), so that the spring in the second elastic force balancer (60) is stretched to convert and store the kinetic energy, and then the spring is gradually and slowly released in the using process of the underwater silt remover to provide the power for the continuous advancing of the underwater silt remover and form the distance for pulling the underwater silt remover to advance.

14. An underwater dredging arrangement according to claim 13, wherein the second resilient force balancer (60) is a spring tension balancer or a helical spring;

wherein, the number of the second elastic force balancers (60) is one; or, the number of the second elastic force balancers (60) is more than two, and the more than two second elastic force balancers (60) are connected in parallel or in series.

15. A method of operating an underwater dredging arrangement as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the underwater dredging machine performs line-by-line dredging or radial dredging in the basin (50),

firstly, dividing a pond (50) line by line, respectively installing a third fixed rod (55) and a fourth fixed rod (56) at two ends of a first line of a pond (50) base, then connecting a third winch (53), a fourth winch (54), an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank (2), a mud outlet pipe (7) and a second elastic force balancer (60),

step two, putting the underwater silt remover into the pond (50), starting an air compressor (18) to fill the floating diving air tank (2) with air, enabling the underwater silt remover to float on the water surface of the pond (50), dragging the underwater silt remover to a first position (31) at one end of a first line of the pond (50) through a third winch (53), and at the moment, closing a fourth winch (54), opening the third winch (53) and enabling a second elastic force balancer (60) not to deform;

step three, closing the third winch (53), and discharging the air in the floating diving box (2) by using the air compressor (18); sinking the underwater silt remover in silt at the bottom of a pond (50), pulling and tidying a mud outlet pipe (7), then starting a fourth winch (54) until a second elastic balancer (60) extends to a limit position of the second winch, cutting off the power supply of the fourth winch (54), pulling and tidying the mud outlet pipe (7) again, pulling the underwater silt remover to move forwards by utilizing the self resilience force of the second elastic balancer (60), and starting a submersible motor (1) and a mud pump (3) of the underwater silt remover while cutting off the power supply of the fourth winch (54) so as to extract the silt;

with the continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards and continuously removes the silt in the first row of the pond (50) under the action of the pulling force of the second elastic balancer (60);

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the second elastic force balancer (60) to reset, the fourth winch (54) is started to extend to the limit position of the second elastic force balancer (60) again, the power supply of the fourth winch (54) is cut off, the underwater silt remover is pulled forwards again by utilizing the self resilience force of the second elastic force balancer (60) to remove silt, and the operation is repeated until the underwater silt remover reaches the second position (32) at the other end of the pond (50), wherein the first position (31) and the second position (32) are positioned between the first fixing rod (16) and the second fixing rod (15),

step seven, starting an air compressor (18) to inflate the floating diving box (2), cutting off the power supply of the air compressor (18) after the underwater silt remover floats to the water surface, then pulling out a third fixed rod (55) and a fourth fixed rod (56) and respectively moving to the two ends of the second row of the pond (50) for installation, pulling a third pull rope (58) through a third winch (53) to pull the underwater silt remover to a third position (33) at one end of the second row of the pond (50), pulling and arranging a sludge outlet pipe (7),

step eight, repeating the step two to the step seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to a fourth position (34) in the second row of the pond (50), the second row of the pond (50) is dredged, the underwater dredger moves forward and backward on a connecting line between the third fixing rod (55) and the fourth fixing rod (56) in a straight line,

or,

firstly, a third fixed rod (55) and a fourth fixed rod (56) are respectively arranged at two ends of a pond (50) base, then a third winch (53), a fourth winch (54), an underwater silt remover, a floating and diving air tank (2), a mud outlet pipe (7) and a second elastic force balancer (60) are connected,

then, the pond (50) is divided into a plurality of areas in a radiation mode by taking a third fixing rod (55) arranged outside the pond as a circle center, the pond (50) is divided into a plurality of areas according to the common transverse width of the rotating shaft (17), the rotary blade (4) and the spiral blade (21) and the size of the pond (50), the plurality of areas comprise a first area and a second area,

step two, placing the underwater silt remover into the pond (50), wherein the underwater silt remover is positioned in the first area, starting the air compressor (18) to fill the floating and diving air tank (2) with air, the underwater silt remover floats on the water surface of the pond (50), then dragging the underwater silt remover to a fifth position (35) of the pond (50) through a third winch (53), wherein at the moment, the fourth winch (54) is closed, the third winch (53) is opened, and the second elastic balancer (60) is not deformed;

step four, with the continuous removal of the sludge, the underwater silt remover slowly moves forwards in the pond (50) under the action of the pulling force of the second elastic balancer (60) and continuously removes the silt;

step five, when the underwater silt remover moves forwards to the second elastic balancer (60) to reset, starting the fourth winch (54) to the second elastic balancer (60) to extend to the limit position of the second winch (54) again, cutting off the power supply of the fourth winch (54), pulling the underwater silt remover forwards again by using the self resilience of the second elastic balancer (60) to remove silt, and repeating the steps until the underwater silt remover reaches the sixth position (36) at the other end of the pond (50), wherein at the moment, the silt removing work of the first area of the pond (50) is finished; wherein the fifth position (35) and the sixth position (36) are located between the third fixing bar (55) and the fourth fixing bar (56),

step seven, starting an air compressor (18) to inflate the floating submersible air tank (2), lifting the underwater silt remover to the water surface, cutting off the power supply of the air compressor (18), then pulling out a fourth fixed rod (56), taking a third fixed rod (55) arranged outside the fishpond as a circle center, rotating the fourth fixed rod (56) around the fishpond (50) for a certain angle, then installing, at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned in a second area, pulling a third pull rope (58) through a third winch (53) to pull the underwater silt remover to a seventh position (37) of the fishpond (50), pulling and arranging a mud pipe (7), at the moment, the underwater silt remover is positioned at the seventh position (37) in the second area,

step eight, repeating the step two to the step seven until the underwater dredger is pulled to an eighth position (38) in the second area in the pond (50), the dredging work of the second area of the pond (50) is completed, the underwater dredger advances and retreats on a connecting line between the third fixing rod (55) and the fourth fixing rod (56) in a straight line,

16. A method of operating an underwater dredging device according to claim 15, wherein the third fixing rod (55) and the fourth fixing rod (56) are rotated into the ground and rotated out, respectively.