CN103085643B - Hybrid gearbox - Google Patents
Hybrid gearbox Download PDFInfo
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- CN103085643B CN103085643B CN201210591531.3A CN201210591531A CN103085643B CN 103085643 B CN103085643 B CN 103085643B CN 201210591531 A CN201210591531 A CN 201210591531A CN 103085643 B CN103085643 B CN 103085643B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hybrid gearbox, comprise combustion engine, La Weina planetary system, differential assembly, also comprise the countershaft-gear train be meshed with the external gear of La Weina planetary system gear ring, the external gear of differential assembly; The input shaft of La Weina planetary system is connected through torque absorber and combustion engine, and the gear ring of La Weina planetary system is provided with the first motor, and the rear sun gear of La Weina planetary system is provided with the second motor.The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, be to provide a kind of hybrid gearbox, it improves on the 4AT basis of existing La Weinashi planetary structure, make it have two EVT structure and possessed the stepless shift function of similar CVT, compensate for the deficiency of existing 4AT in shifting comfort and fuel economy.The present invention is applicable to preposition forerunner and dynamic assembly is horizontal vehicle, realizes hybrid power and drives.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automotive field, relate to vehicular transmission, specifically a kind of hybrid gearbox.
Background technology
In recent years, for the consideration of energy-conserving and environment-protective aspect, hybrid electric vehicle is increasingly fast-selling.The propulsion source of motor vehicle driven by mixed power is combustion engine and electrical motor, the feature of electrical motor low-speed big compensate for combustion engine especially turbocharging internal-combustion engines in the shortcoming of low speed torque deficiency, the tractive performance of vehicle is ensured fully.Adopt Technology of Hybrid Electric Vehicle can mate small displacement engine in same level vehicle under the prerequisite not reducing dynamic property, fuel consumption rate and emission behavior are also improved greatly.
The Technology of Hybrid Electric Vehicle that most of car enterprise is all making great efforts to utilize the technology inside information development of oneself to meet company's characteristic, this just needs to break through the core technology of main flow enterprise in conventional transmission field.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, be to provide a kind of hybrid gearbox, it improves on the 4AT basis of existing La Weinashi planetary structure, make it have two EVT structure and possessed the stepless shift function of similar CVT, make up the deficiency of existing 4AT in shifting comfort and fuel economy.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of hybrid gearbox, comprise combustion engine, La Weina planetary system, differential assembly, also comprise the countershaft-gear train be meshed with the external gear of La Weina planetary system gear ring, the external gear of differential assembly, countershaft-gear train is located between La Weina planetary system and differential assembly; La Weina planetary system comprises rear sun gear; Its special feature is:
The input shaft of La Weina planetary system is connected through torque absorber and combustion engine;
The gear ring of La Weina planetary system is provided with the first motor, and internal rotor and the gear ring of the first motor are connected;
Rear sun gear is provided with the second motor, and internal rotor and the rear sun gear of the second motor are connected.
As limitation of the invention:
Pinion carrier and the input shaft of described La Weina planetary system are connected; The second clutch that pinion carrier is provided with first clutch, is connected with front sun wheel, La Weina planetary system also comprises front sun wheel, long row star-wheel, short satellite gear; Wherein:
Combustion engine is connected with the outer hub of hub, second clutch in first clutch by torque absorber;
The outer hub of first clutch is connected with pinion carrier;
The interior hub of second clutch is connected with front sun wheel;
Front sun wheel engages with short satellite gear; Short satellite gear also engages with long row star-wheel, and long row star-wheel not only engages with rear sun gear but also engages with gear ring.
Countershaft-gear train is located on counter gear shaft, comprises and exports ring gear and countershaft-gear; External gear on gear ring engages with output ring gear, and countershaft-gear engages with the external gear on differential assembly.
Differential assembly is connected with left and right semiaxis.
As further restriction of the present invention, described pinion carrier is provided with drg, and drg is located at pinion carrier tail end and is connected with pinion carrier.
principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
(1) start
Start, when low speed is to middling speed, as long as the electricity of battery is within zone of reasonableness, automobile is driven by the first motor, and now car load is in pure power mode, and two power-transfer clutchs and drg are all in released state.Power directly passes to counter gear shaft by gear ring, then passes to differential assembly by counter gear shaft, and two semiaxis of power through being connected with diff pass to left and right wheels, thus realize the output of power.
(2) generally travel
When car load enter generally travel time, now first clutch drives engine crankshaft to rotate from static in conjunction with electrical generator (the second motor), until igniting.An engine power part directly drives wheel by planetary system, and a part distributes to electrical generator (the second motor) for generating, and electric power distributes to battery and motor by demand.The stepless change that the second motor speed realizes similar CVT is sent out by adjustment.Concrete speed control principle is as follows:
In formula: in n-internal-combustion engine rotational speed; N electricity the-first motor speed; N sends out-electrical generator (the second motor) rotating speed; N frame-pinion carrier rotating speed; The tooth ratio of the rear sun gear that the gear ring that K2-the first motor connects is connected with the second motor;
Known when not changing internal-combustion engine rotational speed from above formula, the adjustment of the rotating speed of the gear ring be connected with the first motor can be realized by changing generator speed, namely the change of output speed is realized, because electrical generator can realize step-less adjustment in nominal speed range, so the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of motor speed can be realized by regulator generator rotating speed.
(3) anxious acceleration
Anxious accelerating mode divides two-stage:
(31) when middle low-speed range is accelerated, battery gives two electric machine with energy auxiliary acceleration, second clutch combines to obtain higher transmitting ratio thus improves the dynamic property accelerated simultaneously, simultaneously again can according to the speed of a motor vehicle and output speed, judge whether wheel skids, thus determine the energy that adjustment battery provides to two motors;
(32) when high-speed range is accelerated, first clutch combines to reduce transmitting ratio thus improves output speed, and battery realizes auxiliary acceleration, to improve acceleration capability to two electric machine with energy simultaneously.The combination of two power-transfer clutchs all realizes the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of rotating speed of the gear ring that the first motor connects by the infinite speed variation of electrical generator, ensure the ride comfort in accelerator.The Principles of Regulation that first clutch combines describe at general driving cycle; The Principles of Regulation that second clutch combines are as follows:
Arrange above-mentioned two to obtain:
In formula: in n-internal-combustion engine rotational speed; N electricity the-first motor speed; N sends out---electrical generator (the second motor) rotating speed; N frame-pinion carrier rotating speed; The tooth ratio of sun wheel before the gear ring that K1-the first motor connects is connected with combustion engine; The tooth ratio of the rear sun gear that the gear ring that K2-the first motor connects is connected with the second motor;
From above formula, when not changing internal-combustion engine rotational speed, the adjustment of the gear ring rotating speed that the first motor connects can be realized by changing generator speed, namely the change of output speed is realized, because electrical generator can realize step-less adjustment in nominal speed range, so the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of motor speed can be realized by regulator generator rotating speed.
Second clutch combines the groundwork improving the dynamic property accelerated:
Second clutch is in conjunction with torque distribution principle:
In formula: T electricity-engine torque after planetary mechanism to the moment being connected gear ring with the first motor and producing; In T-engine torque; T sends out: engine torque after planetary mechanism to the moment being connected gear ring with the first motor and producing; T can be connected from the energy pair that battery or electrical generator (the second motor) obtain the moment that gear ring produces by the-first motor with the first motor;
First clutch is in conjunction with torque distribution principle:
Second clutch combines
First clutch combines
To sum up analyze, second clutch combines to be compared with first clutch combination, have with the torque of the first motor gear ring and significantly improve, the amplitude of raising and the moment of torsion of electrical generator (the second motor) and be connected gear ring with the first motor and before being connected with combustion engine the tooth of sun wheel than relevant.So second clutch combination is connected gear ring with the first motor can obtain larger moment of torsion, so improve the output torque of speed operation when not increasing by the first power of motor, so the overland vehicle being more applicable to operating mode complexity drives, improve Driving.
(4) slow down, brake
When deceleration, braking, because of effect of inertia wheel drive motors gear ring, the effect of the first motor starter/generator, is stored into regenerating braking energy in battery.
(5) climb very steep slopes
During climb very steep slopes, second clutch combines to obtain higher transmitting ratio, improves output torque, and battery improves output torque to two electric machine with energy are auxiliary simultaneously.
(6) stopping for charging
Stop turn on the aircondition or the recreational facilities such as sound equipment time, combustion engine stops working, the electricity of battery is utilized to carry out Power supply to above-mentioned facility, start when battery electric quantity is reduced to certain numerical value rear engine, utilize the hand-braking pulled on to ensure that the kinetic current in process of charging passes to electrical generator (the second motor) by driving engine, prevent vehicle in process of charging from slipping car simultaneously.Stop when battery electric quantity is elevated to certain numerical value rear engine, treat that the electricity of battery is again reduced to certain numerical value rear engine and restarts, so treat and so forth, keep battery electric quantity within limits.
(7) emergency starting
After first motor and electrical generator (the second motor) control system are damaged, by the combination of control brake, driving engine utilizes second clutch emergency starting, makes vehicle move to perch.The Main Function of drg is that (after (the second motor) control system damages, the use of driving engine emergency starting, vehicle moves to the use of perch for the first motor and electrical generator.Drg can be removed when control system can ensure reliability.
Owing to have employed above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with prior art, acquired technological advance is in the present invention:
I. pass through at input shaft location arrangements two power-transfer clutchs thus realize being coupled with motor at two gear driving engines.
Ii. each gear only need control the conversion that a power-transfer clutch just can complete gear, and each gear all can realize being similar to by controlling generator speed the stepless change of CVT.
Iii. add the auxiliary of Motor torque owing to adopting, when driving engine is not in best effort interval, increase fuel economy by motor driving stage the earth.
Iv. owing to adding motor and storage battery, controlling motor inversion when counter dragging is electrical generator, can realize braking energy recovering function.
V. increase motor at output gear place, electric power can be provided to the first motor by the second motor when engine drive, thus realize realizing increasing when not changing gear parameter and turning round function; And driving engine and motor output torque simultaneously can be realized by reasonably mating, thus realize the coupling of many car loads platform.
Vi. on the 4AT La Weina planetary system basis that enterprise generally has at home, EVT formula hybrid gearbox is synthesized by increasing by two motors and configuration 2 power-transfer clutchs and 1 brake groups, effectively can improve fuel economy, reduce oil consumption, improve shifting comfort simultaneously, reach the level equal with CVT.
To sum up, the present invention is on the basis of the La Weinashi planetary structure of existing 4AT, retain two power-transfer clutchs and a drg, gear ring increases the first motor, sun wheel increases the second motor, remove turbine transformer at input end and increase torque absorber, thus the pure electronic or function such as driving engine or hybrid power cycling start, normal traveling, Brake energy recovery, normal traveling and acceleration power-assisted can be realized.The program is simple and compact for structure, and second clutch mainly realizes in conjunction with operating mode the dynamic property that low-speed big promotes car load, is especially applicable to the climbing of needs high pulling torque and the anxious vehicle accelerated.
The present invention is applicable to preposition forerunner and dynamic assembly is horizontal vehicle, realizes hybrid power and drives.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the integral structure sketch of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2-Fig. 8 is kinetic current, poower flow transmission schematic diagram under different operating mode embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 respectively, and in figure, arrow represents direction of power flows.
In figure: 1-combustion engine, 2-torque absorber, 3-second clutch, 4-first clutch, 5-pinion carrier, 6-gear ring, 7-the first motor, 8-drg, the 9-the second motor, 10-rear sun gear, 11-long row star-wheel, 12-short satellite gear, 13-front sun wheel, 14-export ring gear, 15-counter gear shaft, 16-countershaft-gear, 17-left half axle, 18-differential assembly, 19-right axle shaft, 20-gear ring external gear, 22-differential assembly external gear, 23-La Weina planetary system.
Detailed description of the invention
embodimenta kind of hybrid gearbox
With reference to figure 1, the present embodiment comprises combustion engine 1, torque absorber 2, La Weina planetary system 23, differential assembly 18, also comprises the countershaft-gear train be meshed with La Weina planetary system gear ring external gear 20, differential assembly external gear 22.The input shaft of La Weina planetary system is connected through torque absorber and combustion engine;
Countershaft-gear train is located between La Weina planetary system 23 and differential assembly 18.
Pinion carrier 5 and the input shaft of La Weina planetary system 23 are connected.
La Weina planetary system 23 comprises front sun wheel 13, rear sun gear 10, long row star-wheel 11, short satellite gear 12 and pinion carrier 5.First clutch 4 is connected with front sun wheel 13, and the interior hub of first clutch 4 is connected with the outer hub of second clutch 3, and the outer hub of first clutch 4 is connected with pinion carrier 5; The interior hub of second clutch 3 is connected with front sun wheel 13; Drg 8 is located at the tail end of pinion carrier 5 and is connected with pinion carrier 5.
The gear ring 6 of La Weina planetary system 23 is provided with the internal rotor of the first motor 7, first motor 7 and gear ring 6 is connected.
Combustion engine 1 is connected with the outer hub of hub, second clutch 3 in first clutch 4 by torque absorber 2.
The rear sun gear 10 of La Weina planetary system 23 is provided with the internal rotor of the second motor 9, second motor 9 and rear sun gear 10 is connected.
Front sun wheel 13 engages with short satellite gear 12; Short satellite gear 12 also engages with long row star-wheel 11, and long row star-wheel 11 not only engages with rear sun gear 10 but also engages with gear ring 6.
Countershaft-gear train is located on counter gear shaft 15, comprises and exports ring gear 14 and countershaft-gear 16; Gear ring external gear 20 engages with output ring gear 14, and countershaft-gear 16 engages with differential assembly external gear 22.
Differential assembly 18 is connected with left half axle 17, right axle shaft 19.
the operating mode of the present embodiment has following several:
(1) start, with reference to figure 2
Start, when low speed is to middling speed, as long as the electricity of battery is within zone of reasonableness, automobile is driven by the first motor 7, and now car load is in pure power mode, and two power-transfer clutchs 3 and 4 and drg 8 are all in released state.Power directly passes to counter gear shaft 15 by gear ring 6, then passes to differential assembly 18 by counter gear shaft 15, and the left half axle 17 of power through being connected with differential assembly 18, right axle shaft 19 pass to left and right wheel, thus realize the output of power.
(2) generally travel, with reference to figure 3
When car load enter generally travel time, now first clutch 4 in conjunction with electrical generator (the second motor 9) drive engine crankshaft rotates from static, until light a fire.An engine power part directly drives wheel by La Weina planetary system 23, and a part distributes to electrical generator (the second motor 9) for generating, and electric power distributes to battery and the first motor 7 by demand.By adjusting the rotating speed of the second motor 9, realize the stepless change of similar CVT.Concrete speed control principle is as follows:
In formula: in n-rotating speed of combustion engine 1; The rotating speed of n electricity the-first motor 7; N sends out the rotating speed of-electrical generator (the second motor 9); The rotating speed of n frame-pinion carrier 5; The tooth ratio of the rear sun gear that the gear ring that K2-the first motor connects is connected with the second motor;
Known when not changing internal-combustion engine rotational speed from above formula, the adjustment of the gear ring rotating speed of the first motor 7 can be realized by changing generator speed, namely the change of output speed is realized, because electrical generator (the second motor 9) can realize step-less adjustment in nominal speed range, so the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of the first motor 7 rotating speed can be realized by the rotating speed of regulator generator (the second motor 9).
(3) anxious acceleration
Anxious accelerating mode divides two-stage:
(31) with reference to figure 4, when middle low-speed range is accelerated, battery provides power assist to accelerate to the first motor 7 and the second motor 9, second clutch 3 combines to obtain higher transmitting ratio thus improves the dynamic property accelerated simultaneously, simultaneously again can according to the speed of a motor vehicle and output speed, judge whether wheel skids, thus determine the energy that adjustment battery provides to two motors;
(32) with reference to figure 5, when high-speed range is accelerated, first clutch 4 combines to reduce transmitting ratio thus improves output speed, and battery realizes auxiliary acceleration, to improve acceleration capability to two electric machine with energy simultaneously.The combination of two power-transfer clutchs all realizes the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of motor (i.e. motor gear ring) rotating speed by the infinite speed variation of electrical generator, ensure the ride comfort in accelerator.The Principles of Regulation that first clutch 4 combines describe at general driving cycle; The Principles of Regulation that second clutch 3 combines are as follows:
Arrange above-mentioned two to obtain:
In formula: in n-rotating speed of combustion engine 1; The rotating speed of n electricity the-first motor 7; N sends out---electrical generator (the second motor 9) rotating speed; The rotating speed of n frame-pinion carrier 5; The tooth ratio of sun wheel before the gear ring that K1-the first motor 7 connects is connected with combustion engine 1; The tooth ratio of the sun wheel that the gear ring that K2-the first motor 7 connects is connected with the second motor 9;
From above formula, when not changing the rotating speed of combustion engine 1, the adjustment of motor speed can be realized by the rotating speed changing electrical generator (the second motor 9), namely the change of output speed is realized, because electrical generator (the second motor 9) can realize step-less adjustment in nominal speed range, so the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of motor speed can be realized by the rotating speed of regulator generator (the second motor 9).
Second clutch 3 combines the groundwork improving the dynamic property accelerated:
Second clutch 3 is in conjunction with torque distribution principle:
In formula: the moment that the gear ring that the moment of torsion of T electricity-combustion engine 1 connects the first motor 7 after La Weina planetary system 23 produces; In T-moment of torsion of combustion engine 1; T sends out: the moment that the gear ring that the moment of torsion of combustion engine 1 connects driving engine after La Weina planetary system 23 produces; The moment that the energy that T energy the-first motor 7 obtains from battery or electrical generator (the second motor 9) produces the gear ring that the first motor 7 connects;
First clutch 4 is in conjunction with torque distribution principle:
Second clutch 3 combines
First clutch 4 combines
To sum up analyze, second clutch 3 combines to be compared with first clutch 3 combination, the torque of the first motor and gear ring thereof has and significantly improves, and the tooth of the amplitude of raising and the moment of torsion of electrical generator (the second motor 9) and the first motor 7 gear ring connected and sun wheel that combustion engine 1 is connected is than relevant.So the gear ring that second clutch 3 connects in conjunction with the first motor 7 can obtain larger moment of torsion, so when not increasing the power of the first motor 7, improve the output torque of speed operation, so the overland vehicle being more applicable to operating mode complexity drives, improve Driving.
(4) slow down, brake, with reference to figure 6
When deceleration, braking, because of the gear ring that effect of inertia wheel drive motors (the first motor) connects, the effect of the first motor 7 starter/generator, is stored into regenerating braking energy in battery.
(5) climb very steep slopes, with reference to figure 4
During climb very steep slopes, second clutch 3 combines to obtain higher transmitting ratio, improves output torque, and two electric machine with energy auxiliary raising output torque given by battery simultaneously.
(6) stopping for charging, with reference to figure 7
Stop turn on the aircondition or the recreational facilities such as sound equipment time, combustion engine 1 stops working, the electricity of battery is utilized to carry out Power supply to above-mentioned facility, start when battery electric quantity is reduced to certain numerical value rear engine, utilize the hand-braking pulled on to ensure that the kinetic current in process of charging passes to electrical generator (the second motor 9) by driving engine, prevent vehicle in process of charging from slipping car simultaneously.Stop when battery electric quantity is elevated to certain numerical value rear engine, treat that the electricity of battery is again reduced to certain numerical value rear engine and restarts, and so forth, keep battery electric quantity within limits.
(7) emergency starting, with reference to figure 8
After first motor 9 and electrical generator (the second motor 9) control system are damaged, by the combination of control brake 8, driving engine utilizes second clutch 3 emergency starting, makes vehicle move to perch.
The Main Function of drg 8 is that after the first motor 7 and electrical generator second motor 9 control system are damaged, the use of driving engine emergency starting, vehicle moves to the use of perch.Drg can be removed when control system can ensure reliability.
Claims (4)
1. a hybrid gearbox, comprise combustion engine, La Weina planetary system, differential assembly, also comprise the countershaft-gear train be meshed with the external gear of La Weina planetary system gear ring, the external gear of differential assembly, countershaft-gear train is located between La Weina planetary system and differential assembly; La Weina planetary system comprises rear sun gear;
it is characterized in that:
The input shaft of La Weina planetary system is connected through torque absorber and combustion engine;
The gear ring of La Weina planetary system is provided with the first motor, and internal rotor and the gear ring of the first motor are connected;
The rear sun gear of La Weina planetary system is provided with the second motor, and internal rotor and the rear sun gear of the second motor are connected;
Pinion carrier and the input shaft of described La Weina planetary system are connected; The second clutch that pinion carrier is provided with first clutch, is connected with front sun wheel, La Weina planetary system also comprises front sun wheel, long row star-wheel, short satellite gear; Wherein:
Combustion engine is connected with the outer hub of hub, second clutch in first clutch by torque absorber;
The outer hub of first clutch is connected with pinion carrier;
The interior hub of second clutch is connected with front sun wheel;
Front sun wheel engages with short satellite gear; Short satellite gear also engages with long row star-wheel, and long row star-wheel not only engages with rear sun gear but also engages with gear ring.
2. a kind of hybrid gearbox according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that:countershaft-gear train is located on counter gear shaft, comprises and exports ring gear and countershaft-gear; External gear on gear ring engages with output ring gear, and countershaft-gear engages with the external gear on differential assembly.
3. a kind of hybrid gearbox according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that:differential assembly is connected with left and right semiaxis.
4. a kind of hybrid gearbox according to any one of claim 1 to 3,
it is characterized in that:described pinion carrier is provided with drg, and drg is located at pinion carrier tail end and is connected with pinion carrier.
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| CN201210591531.3A CN103085643B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Hybrid gearbox |
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| CN103241123B (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2015-09-23 | 北京理工大学 | The automobile-used hybrid transmissions of city bus |
| CN103277470B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2016-01-27 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Automatic transmission and there is the automobile of this automatic transmission |
| CN106808996B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2021-02-23 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Hybrid power drive system |
| CN108001199B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2021-07-09 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power transmission system and vehicle with same |
| CN106945498B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-05-03 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Support the mixed power plant of power generation in parking function |
| CN109322976B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2023-05-02 | 迪尔公司 | Multi-mode power system |
| CN107757334B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2020-09-04 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Hybrid power system |
| DE102017222537A1 (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-06-13 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Drive arrangement for a hybrid vehicle |
| CN109466311A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 杭州登腾科技有限公司 | A kind of hybrid gearbox and hybrid vehicle |
| CN111791717B (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2022-05-17 | 宇通客车股份有限公司 | Multimode electric drive system and vehicle |
| CN110843502A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Electromechanical coupling transmission device |
| CN113306379B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2023-04-14 | 宇通客车股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle power system and electric vehicle |
| CN113232502A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-08-10 | 上海爱跻企业管理咨询合伙企业(有限合伙) | Hybrid vehicle driving system and vehicle |
| CN113400919A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-17 | 上海爱跻企业管理咨询合伙企业(有限合伙) | Multi-mode power split hybrid electric vehicle driving system and vehicle |
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