CN103033759A - Storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment method - Google Patents
Storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103033759A CN103033759A CN2012105331213A CN201210533121A CN103033759A CN 103033759 A CN103033759 A CN 103033759A CN 2012105331213 A CN2012105331213 A CN 2012105331213A CN 201210533121 A CN201210533121 A CN 201210533121A CN 103033759 A CN103033759 A CN 103033759A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment method and belongs to the control field. The storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment method includes following steps that a little voltage value and current value of the storage battery is recorded per second; a little voltage value and the current value of the storage battery is recorded per minute; if the battery charging quantity is larger than or equal to 0.01 C10, the answer is yes to go the next step, or return to the first step; if/Un-Un-1/> 1V, the answer is yea to return the first step, or go to the next step; a former section current is judged whether is a rising trend, if the rising trend, execute the next step, or return to the first step; a thermal runaway alarm is sent. The storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment method can summarize phenomenon in the past observations by people, and judge intelligently of the formatted diagnostic program and the current collected by the storage battery monitor and voltage signals integrated together to obtain the proper conclusion and give an alarm.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to control field, relate in particular to a kind of method for supervising for the accumulator running status.
Background technology
Valve-control storage battery is notorious in Direct Current System In Operation importance, and the reliability of accumulator is depended in the safe operation of straight-flow system.Accumulator is in operation, and easily severest consequences to occur be the battery thermal hardover failure, and this fault causes the accumulator catching fire, the straight-flow system dead electricity.
DC power system several times large fire all causes because battery thermal is out of control, for these situations on the accumulator monitoring instrument
Do operation and facts have proved that this regulation of work is justified, we can see in the accumulator analysis of breaking down, indivedual accumulator capacity backwardness in service can't illustrate whole group storage battery operating mode, if but accumulator generation off-capacity more than two is arranged, generally just have significant meaning.General dehydration causes accumulator capacity not enough such as accumulator, the accumulator Electrode ageing that confluxes causes the part pole plate not work, degradation under the accumulator bulk life time, no matter which kind of reason, the reliability of battery-operated will descend greatly, and for running on the floating charge state accumulator, its effect is exactly will discharge reliably in the situation of dead electricity, rather than cycle charge-discharge uses the discharge limit that can use accumulator, therefore even if having 80% capacity to store, but dangerous for straight-flow system.
Most of the time all is in the floating charging state because accumulator is in operation on the other hand, and the floating current of accumulator is very little, and actual count number proof in service can be greater than 0.3A with its floating electric current of 300Ah accumulator all less than 1mA/Ah.A be in operation stem reality facing of accumulator is often to have report accumulator generation thermal runaway to cause whole group of inefficacy of accumulator, blast, on fire, its net result not only battery damage also brings the straight-flow system paralysis, although the probability that this type of event occurs is very low, but consequence is serious, conventional battery discharging test can't detect for thermal runaway, also there are not at present other effective technological means to come this is prevented, can only be according to experience from managing upper reinforcement to the supervision of battery current, the not guilty increase of discovery battery current just enhanced your vigilance.Move a unique battery thermal event out of control that runs into the practice from us, battery thermal performance phenomenon out of control is that battery current significantly rises under normal float charge voltage service condition, the floating current of the accumulator of 300Ah when thermal runaway occurs reaches about 20A, just be reduced to 1A below from 240V battery current when dropping to 220V the normal float charge voltage of charging set immediately at that time, be that voltage drop 10% just can be kept near normal floating current, battery current remains unchanged, and the accumulator voltage of this moment is about 2V.We can think that also the internal storage battery electromotive force drops to 2V from 2.23V, with the charge in batteries of normal float charge voltage 2.23V to electromotive force 2V, the size of its charging current just depends on the internal resistance of accumulator fully, the larger internal resistance of normal conditions capacity of lead acid battery is less, in case therefore the thermal runaway electric current of accumulator thermal runaway accumulator generation capacious is also just larger, the heat that produces is just large, the charging set capacity of the accumulator configuration that accumulator capacity is large as a same reason is also large, cause a large amount of heating of accumulator, so greater than the accumulator generation thermal runaway consequence of 300Ah catching fire often, also do not have which producer that the charging current of accumulator is carried out intellectuality identification at present for charging set; What is the charging current of the capacity loss that causes of battery discharging, and what is the full large current charge that occurs under the floating charge state condition of accumulator capacity.If the charging that occurs under the latter event, watch-dog is made series of measures the accumulator that is about to enter thermal runaway is prevented.The condition that does not also produce about thermal runaway in the accumulator producer technical descriptioon, only mentioned that accumulator floating charge terminal voltage revises under different temperature, once terminal voltage decline of the every rising of temperature 3mV is a relation so, do not emphasize to depart from this relation what consequence can occur, voltage from actual measurement, the mean value that the voltage that manufacturer provides refers to, single battery voltage actual discrete value in service is much larger than this, and the temperature compensation real work of 3mV has little significance.Once to the sealed valve control accumulator after regularly all charging under the floating charge condition the charge in batteries electric current and floating charge state under the charge in batteries electric current observe and compare, find that the two electric current is more or less the same, this presentation of results under normal circumstances charge in batteries voltage is higher than float charge voltage, so long as be not more than the maximal value of the permission even charging voltage of producer, be to cause that thermal runaway produces, the generation of thermal runaway has reason in addition.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of battery thermal intelligent determination method out of control, the phenomenon summarized that people were being observed in the past, be compiled into the electric current of diagnostic routine and the collection of accumulator monitoring instrument and voltage signal and combine and carry out intelligent decision, draw appropriate conclusion and carry out alarm.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: provide a kind of battery thermal intelligent determination method out of control, it is characterized in that described intelligent determination method comprises the following steps:
1-1, per second record some battery tension values and current value;
1-2, some battery tension values of every member record and current value;
1-3, I
Hold and fill〉=0.01C
10Be then to carry out next step, otherwise return the first step;
1-4, | Un-Un-1|＞1V then returns the first step, otherwise carries out next step;
1-5, declare Current rise trend the last period, ascendant trend is carried out next step in this way, otherwise returns the first step;
1-6, send the thermal runaway alarm.
Wherein, described battery tension value and current value are second mean value.
Its described 1-3 step is used for monitoring whether the charge in batteries electric current transfinites.。
Its described 1-4 step is used for judging that electric current transfinites whether all fills or spread of voltage causes.
Compared with the prior art, advantage of the present invention is: the phenomenon summarized that people were being observed in the past, be compiled into the electric current of diagnostic routine and the collection of accumulator monitoring instrument and voltage signal and combine and carry out intelligent decision, draw appropriate conclusion and carry out alarm.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is battery thermal of the present invention intelligent determination method block diagram out of control;
Fig. 2 is the direct supply operational process oscillogram of watch-dog control.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Among Fig. 1, intelligent determination method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1-1, per second record some battery tension values and current value;
1-2, some battery tension values of every member record and current value;
Do 1-3, I hold and fill 〉=0.01C10? be then to carry out next step, otherwise return the first step;
1-4, | Un-Un-1|＞1V then returns the first step, otherwise carries out next step;
1-5, declare Current rise trend the last period, ascendant trend is carried out next step in this way, otherwise returns the first step;
1-6, send the thermal runaway alarm.
Wherein, described battery tension value and current value are second mean value.
Its described 1-3 step is used for monitoring whether the charge in batteries electric current transfinites.。
Its described 1-4 step is used for judging that electric current transfinites whether all fills or spread of voltage causes.
Its detailed process and step are described in detail as follows:
Declare Current rise trend the last period
One, battery current historgraphic data recording
Mean value of per minute.(illustrating: because battery current is in the certain limit fluctuation in normal condition, be not steady state value, so can only get one minute mean value)
Carried out a mean value calculation (10 some data) in per 10 minutes, then judge, as the per minute data 10 minutes mean value ± 0.2A in, the accumulator floating current represents with a mean value, carries out data compression.Data layout is: time period+numerical value.
Carried out a mean value calculation (60 data) in per 60 minutes, then judge, as the per minute data 60 minutes mean value ± 0.2A in, the accumulator floating current represents with a mean value, carries out data compression.Data layout is: time period+numerical value.Overproof such as data, then the historical electric current record of accumulator was with 10 minutes points.
Exceed 0.002C10 then as logout such as battery current, data of per second record, then per minute on average once, as long as the current value fluctuation just enters a point of per minute record less than in ± the 0.2A.
Declare Current rise trend the last period
Declare 60 minutes records of accumulator in month number of times once more than 10 minutes number of times of record once.
If more than the battery current Measurement sensibility would be described, comparison Current rise trend is chosen as mean value ascendant trend in 1,2,3,4,5,10,20,30 day of 60 minutes records (will get rid of logout, and the record value behind the employing logout, apart from logout 25 days, then the 30th day the record data in front just can not be got such as the overproof generation of charging current).Concrete determination methods is; The rear previous data of data minus are declared positive and negative.If just greater than negative, illustrate that then electric current is the newspaper " thermal runaway alarm " that rises in this section period.
Illustrate that current measurement is unstable or event is more if be less than, declare last event apart from the time that " the charge in batteries electric current transfinites " occurs, ask current average with ten five equilibriums, then judge; The rear previous data of data minus are declared positive and negative.If if just greater than negative, illustrate that then electric current is the newspaper " thermal runaway alarm " that rises in this section period.
Declare battery current ascendant trend in 6 months, the record data after the event calculate per month mean value, declare ascendant trend, and method is the same.
Logout definition: logout is exactly the discharge that occurs in the floating charge process of accumulator, charging, all fills 3 processes, the whole time period that event occurs should be take battery current less than 0.001C10 as end.The time period of battery thermal deterministic process out of control should not comprise event, and if not the data of event generation have interference to judgement, can cause erroneous judgement.
Valve-control storage battery is notorious in Direct Current System In Operation importance, the reliability of accumulator is depended in the safe operation of straight-flow system, can only test to verify and judge whether the life-span of accumulator arrives final period by carrying out battery discharging for the present people of accumulator property, national standard has been stipulated under the full capacity discharging condition for this reason, whole group storage battery has two bottles of accumulator capacities to be lower than 80% and through all filling when still not reaching this standard, and this group storage battery is just thought that dying of old age go to bed and changed.Operation facts have proved that this regulation of work is justified, we can see in the accumulator analysis of breaking down, indivedual accumulator capacity backwardness in service can't illustrate whole group storage battery operating mode, if but accumulator generation off-capacity more than two is arranged, generally just have significant meaning.General dehydration causes accumulator capacity not enough such as accumulator, the accumulator Electrode ageing that confluxes causes the part pole plate not work, degradation under the accumulator bulk life time, no matter which kind of reason, the reliability of battery-operated will descend greatly, and for running on the floating charge state accumulator, its effect is exactly will discharge reliably in the situation of dead electricity, rather than cycle charge-discharge uses the discharge limit that can use accumulator, therefore even if having 80% capacity to store, but dangerous for straight-flow system.
Most of the time all is in the floating charging state because accumulator is in operation on the other hand, and the floating current of accumulator is very little, and actual count number proof in service can be greater than 0.3A with its floating electric current of 300Ah accumulator all less than 1mA/Ah.A be in operation stem reality facing of accumulator is often to have report accumulator generation thermal runaway to cause whole group of inefficacy of accumulator, blast, on fire, its net result not only battery damage also brings the straight-flow system paralysis, although the probability that this type of event occurs is very low, but consequence is serious, conventional battery discharging test can't detect for thermal runaway, also there are not at present other effective technological means to come this is prevented, can only be according to experience from managing upper reinforcement to the supervision of battery current, the not guilty increase of discovery battery current just enhanced your vigilance.Move a unique battery thermal event out of control that runs into the practice from us, battery thermal performance phenomenon out of control is that battery current significantly rises under normal float charge voltage service condition, the floating current of the accumulator of 300Ah when thermal runaway occurs reaches about 20A, just be reduced to 1A below from 240V battery current when dropping to 220V the normal float charge voltage of charging set immediately at that time, be that voltage drop 10% just can be kept near normal floating current, battery current remains unchanged, and the accumulator voltage of this moment is about 2V.We can think that also the internal storage battery electromotive force drops to 2V from 2.23V, with the charge in batteries of normal float charge voltage 2.23V to electromotive force 2V, the size of its charging current just depends on the internal resistance of accumulator fully, the larger internal resistance of normal conditions capacity of lead acid battery is less, in case therefore the thermal runaway electric current of accumulator thermal runaway accumulator generation capacious is also just larger, the heat that produces is just large, the charging set capacity of the accumulator configuration that accumulator capacity is large as a same reason is also large, cause a large amount of heating of accumulator, so greater than the accumulator generation thermal runaway consequence of 300Ah catching fire often, also do not have which producer that the charging current of accumulator is carried out intellectuality identification at present for charging set; What is the charging current of the capacity loss that causes of battery discharging, and what is the full large current charge that occurs under the floating charge state condition of accumulator capacity.If the charging that occurs under the latter event, watch-dog is made series of measures the accumulator that is about to enter thermal runaway is prevented.The condition that does not also produce about thermal runaway in the accumulator producer technical descriptioon, only mentioned that accumulator floating charge terminal voltage revises under different temperature, once terminal voltage decline of the every rising of temperature 3mV is a relation so, do not emphasize to depart from this relation what consequence can occur, voltage from actual measurement, the mean value that the voltage that manufacturer provides refers to, single battery voltage actual discrete value in service is much larger than this, and the temperature compensation real work of 3mV has little significance.Once to the sealed valve control accumulator after regularly all charging under the floating charge condition the charge in batteries electric current and floating charge state under the charge in batteries electric current observe and compare, find that the two electric current is more or less the same, this presentation of results under normal circumstances charge in batteries voltage is higher than float charge voltage, so long as be not more than the maximal value of the permission even charging voltage of producer, be to cause that thermal runaway produces, the generation of thermal runaway has reason in addition.
At present we are not clear for the thermal runaway mechanism of accumulator, mainly contain the following external characteristic but the performance of thermal runaway has certain law:
1. the normal floating current of accumulator increases, and less than 0.3A, electric current increases to 20A during thermal runaway such as the normal floating current of 300Ah accumulator.At this moment the electric current that increases can't continue to convert to chemical energy, only makes accumulator produce a large amount of heats and a large amount of gas of generation, and the heat of generation causes the electromotive force of accumulator itself to descend, and further increases the input battery current, the formation vicious cycle,
2. the accumulator body temperature sharply rises, and is softening at the situation lower casing of high temperature, and the pressure of a large amount of γ-ray emissions makes the battery cell case distortion.
For above-mentioned variation, because general operations staff does not possess the experience of this respect, be difficult to judge that in the starting stage accumulator has entered the thermal runaway state, after operator discovery situation, take measures with late.
Therefore it is extremely urgent to develop the monitor that can monitor accumulator operating mode situation, the exploitation purpose of intelligent battery monitor is the phenomenon summarized that people were being observed in the past, be compiled into the electric current of diagnostic routine and the collection of accumulator monitoring instrument and voltage signal and combine and carry out intelligent decision, draw appropriate conclusion and carry out alarm.
Below be the key work that the technical program is judged:
1. set the operation accumulator capacity, monitor is 300mA (every ampere-hour 1mA) with the maximum floating current of automatic setting accumulator such as the maximum floating current of the accumulator of 300Ah accumulator automatic setting.
2. charging current and the charging voltage of the accumulator that puts into operation are measured, if new battery, monitor begins to differentiate less than maximum floating current from the accumulator floating current, automatically carrying out the accumulator original state when electric current enters the stationary value state sets, think accumulator capacity 100%, as benchmark the later duty of accumulator is monitored.Remember, whether the upward drift is arranged and exceed the definite value of setting as standard monitoring battery current.
3. the charging current of carrying out after the battery discharging of energy automatic distinguishing, not judging charging current by accident is the thermal runaway electric current.
4. will greatly improve surveillance coverage to equipment if experience is assembled into expert diagnostic program by computing machine.
Temperature raise when battery thermal was out of control, electric current increases, acid gas fills the air, casing deformation, can in time pinpoint the problems by monitoring above-mentioned phenomenon.
Among Fig. 2, provided the relation of battery current, voltage and state:
One, the battery charging process of first area
This zone is the charging process to accumulator, the starting potential of accumulator is 88V, directly add the 110V charging voltage and will cause serious charging current overload to damage accumulator if obviously directly press at so low storage battery, charging current is carried out constant-current charge take the 0.1C10 electric current as limit value to accumulator under the control of watch-dog, the present case accumulator is 300AH, current limit is 30A, battery tension rising in this process.Charging accumulator voltage through after a while rises to even charging voltage value (121V), it is constant that charging set is kept even charging voltage, the charge in batteries electric current is along with the increase of capacity at this moment, accumulator voltage progressively rises, the difference of accumulator voltage and even charging voltage progressively reduces, cause battery current to diminish gradually, when little when a certain value, start and all fill timing, timing finishes, the monitor command charging set enters floating charge state, and voltage is adjusted back float charge voltage (116V), and battery charging process finishes to enter second area.
Two, the long-term floating charging duty of second area
Because charging voltage forwards the floating charging state to, voltage falling causes battery tension to be higher than charging set voltage and busbar voltage, accumulator is to the bus load discharge, equate with float charge voltage through battery tension drop after a few minutes, after this charging set only only has a very little floating current to replenish the discharge of accumulator internal resistance to accumulator in the very long period, the float charge voltage stable for extended periods of time guarantees that DC bus-bar voltage is working properly.This process will be maintained to 3 months always, and (or 6 months) rear watch-dog all fills accumulator, enters the 3rd zone.
Three, the 3rd zone all fills the stage
Long-term floating charge meeting causes the accumulator voltage discreteness to increase, and the part accumulator capacity reduces, and therefore enters the stage of all filling accumulator is adjusted the assurance accumulator property.The accumulator even charging voltage is higher than float charge voltage, battery current increases the loss that replenishes long-term floating charge, (being generally 3 hours) accumulator voltage consistance improves after replenishing electricity after a while, indivedual capacity that fall behind have obtained compensation by replenishing electricity, monitor command is got back to float charge voltage, enters again i.e. the 4th zone of a long-term floating charging state.So go round and begin again, watch-dog safeguards accumulator automatically, until some day because accident causes to exchange has a power failure, accumulator to dc bus load power, enter the 5th zone.
Four, the accident discharge regime in the 5th zone
The interchange dead electricity that electric network fault etc. cause is so that accumulator enters discharge condition, because the in time progressively drop of discharge battery tension.Until Alternating Current Power Supply recovers, charging set is powered to accumulator and straight-flow system heavily again, enters the 6th zone, and the course of work in the 6th zone is identical with the first area.
The load short circuits state
This figure does not draw, and is actually a spike pulse, and whole process is very short, and generally in 4 ~ 16mS, current amplitude is very large, about 10A ~ 800A, record this current sample speed preferably in the 1mS.
Because the present invention at the phenomenon summarized of observing in the past, is compiled into people the electric current of diagnostic routine and the collection of accumulator monitoring instrument and voltage signal and combines and carry out intelligent decision, draws appropriate conclusion and carries out alarm.
The present invention can be widely used in the monitoring field of accumulator running status.
Claims (4)
1. a battery thermal intelligent determination method out of control is characterized in that described intelligent determination method comprises the following steps:
1-1, per second record some battery tension values and current value;
1-2, some battery tension values of every member record and current value;
1-3, I
Hold and fill〉=0.01C
10Be then to carry out next step, otherwise return the first step;
1-4, | Un-Un-1|＞1V then returns the first step, otherwise carries out next step;
1-5, declare Current rise trend the last period, ascendant trend is carried out next step in this way, otherwise returns the first step;
1-6, send the thermal runaway alarm.
2. according to battery thermal claimed in claim 1 intelligent determination method out of control, it is characterized in that described battery tension value and current value are second mean value.
3. according to battery thermal claimed in claim 1 intelligent determination method out of control, it is characterized in that described 1-3 step is used for monitoring whether the charge in batteries electric current transfinites.
4. according to battery thermal claimed in claim 1 intelligent determination method out of control, it is characterized in that described 1-4 step is used for judging that electric current transfinites whether all fills or spread of voltage causes.
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