CN103026958B - Facility watermelon cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Facility watermelon cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103026958B CN103026958B CN201310009708.9A CN201310009708A CN103026958B CN 103026958 B CN103026958 B CN 103026958B CN 201310009708 A CN201310009708 A CN 201310009708A CN 103026958 B CN103026958 B CN 103026958B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- watermelon
- excrement
- earthworm
- volume percent
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for a facility watermelon cultivation substrate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) stacking and fermenting the acquired silkworm excrement and stevia rebaudiana straw residues respectively, performing biological digestion on farm excrement by earthworms, and sieving the silkworm excrement generated by earthworm treatment to obtain the silkworm excrement with the grain size of 1 to 4 mm; 2) using the fermented substances of 8 to 10 volume percent of earthworm excrement and 55 to 60 volume percent of stevia rebaudiana straw residues as basic materials, adding 25 to 28 volume percent of earthworm excrement to improve the physical and biological properties and adding 2.0 to 6.0 volume percent of mineral materials such as expanded vermiculite with the grain size of 1 mm to 3 mm to improve the physical property and the buffering performance of the substrate; and 3) adding 2 to 4 volume percent of lignin iron fertilizer to meet the nutritional requirements on growth of the watermelon at middle and later stage. By the preparation method, the yield and the quality of watermelon cultivation are improved, cultivation processes such as fertilizer application and drug use are reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of facility watermelon cultivation substrate and compound method thereof.Belong to facility culture technical field.
Background technology
Substrate culture refers to fixes crop root by matrix and the plant cultivation method making it to absorb nutriment and oxygen in certain place or container.Most of soilless culture form is all substrate culture.Soilless culture substrate refers to can coordinate the somatomedin of the Lifestyle factor such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat provided for plant stability, it is except supporting, fixing except plant, the more important thing is the carrier serving as nutrient and moisture, make from himself nutrition and be able to effective supply and buffering from the nutrient in environment and moisture, root system of plant can absorb by required selectivity.
In matrix production application, China has part manufacturer production organic substrate, but quality is stable not, safety is not high.In production, still quite vast scale uses import nursery and cultivation matrix, and cost is higher.In recent years, research finds that part introduces substrate products and technology, technique produce reality not in full conformity with China, some can cause soil compaction, penetrating bad, the problem such as nutrient loss is serious, and in nursery and cultivation, crop is uneven to the absorption of various essential nutrient element, and seedling growing way is weak, Quality Down, diversity of soil microorganism reduces, and self-regulating function weakens.
China's growth of watermelon widely, has become the principal item of local economic crops at Dongtai city growth of watermelon, and forms " East Platform watermelon " industry having much characteristic.But the Soil-sickness Problem of facility watermelon has had a strong impact on the sustainable development of local growth of watermelon industry.
In addition, the problems such as the organic solid rubbish that the residue problem of China's scale livestock farming feces of livestock and poultry and farm and sideline product processing industry produce constantly increases are increasingly outstanding.Therefore research and develop not only be applicable to China's watermelon production reality but also can the excellent cultivation matrix of harmless treatment organic solid castoff imperative.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art facility watermelon cultivation substrate and compound method thereof.
The compound method of facility watermelon cultivation substrate, comprises the steps:
1) silkworm excrement of acquisition and stevia stalk residue are carried out fermentation of banking up respectively.The earthworm excrement produced through dealing with earthworm, through the process of earthworm biologically digesting, is screened into the earthworm excrement of 1-4mm particle diameter by plant's ight soil;
2) by percent by volume be: material based on the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed of silkworm excrement 8 ~ 10%, stevia stalk residue 55 ~ 60%, the wormcast adding 25 ~ 28% improves its physics and biological character, then to add 2.0% ~ 6.0% particle diameter be physical behavior and the shock-absorbing capacity that the mineral materials such as the expansibility vermiculite of 1 ~ 3mm improve matrix.
3) 2 ~ 4% lignin iron fertilizers are added, to meet the nutritional need of watermelon intermediary and later stages growth.
Described fermentation process of banking up is, adopts bar buttress formula to bank up fermentation, piles high 1.0 ~ 1.2 meters, bottom width 3.0 ~ 3.5 meters, top width 1.0 ~ 1.5 meters.According to the one thousandth inoculation cellulose decomposition compound bacteria of windrow volume during fermentation, to accelerate course of fermentation, shorten fermentation period.Turning is carried out, by Dui Biaoyu center material to change place, to ensure that fermentation evenly, is total to turning 2 ~ 3 times between yeast phase after fermentation stockpile central temperature reaches 65 degree.
The material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of the silkworm excrement adopting sericulture to produce and stevia stalk residue remaining after extracting steviol glycoside is major ingredient, with earthworm clear up transform manure of livestock and poultry after the high-quality wormcast granule that just obtains carry out composite, add a certain proportion of sustained-controll-release fertiliser and some other mineral auxiliary material, be mixed with a kind of economical, efficient, the needs supplying watermelon crop water, fertilizer, gas, heat can be coordinated, comprehensively strengthen the functional cultivation matrix of crop resistance, comprehensive nutrition.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. the recycling of organic solid castoff is strengthened.Local flourishing silkworm aquaculture creates a large amount of silkworm excrement discarded objects, although silkworm excrement is breeding waste, is but a kind of manure resources of high-quality, nutritious, and nutrient is comprehensive, and the content of organic matter is very high.Carry out recycling for solving local environmental pressure to silkworm excrement, efficiency utilization resource, emissions reduction, is extremely important.After silkworm excrement is suitably processed, not only for production watermelon container nursery and cultivation matrix provide the raw material of high-quality, also achieve harmless treatment and the recycling of organic solid castoff.Stevia extracts the unordered stacking of stevia stalk residue after enterprise's extraction, causes severe contamination and threat to periphery ecotope and human settlement.Containing materials such as abundant organic matters in stevia stalk residue, rebaudioside wherein has to be increased plant resistance, increase crop yield, raising melon or fruit type crops sugariness and improves the effects such as commodity property.Stevia residue is not only solved a residue treatment difficult problem for stevia manufacturing enterprise as production growth of watermelon matrix, can also turn waste into wealth, improve the quality and yield of facility plantation watermelon.Utilize earthworm directly to clear up local fowl and livestock farm biomass castoff, transform, can obtain the wormcast aggregate that physicochemical character is very excellent, wherein abundant microbial diversity, can suppress the generation of the soil-borne disease of various crop.Wormcast allocates matrix into, can make the physical behavior of matrix and biological character be improved significantly, make the reluctant ight soil of some scale fowl and livestock farms have the place to go of a safety simultaneously.
2. nutrient is comprehensive, proportional balancing method.The rational formula of watermelon cultivation substrate efficiently solves generic media water, fertilizer, gas, heat can not meet that watermelon germinates, the problem of emergence and growth demand completely well.This novel organic substrate not only content of organic matter is high, and nutrient component is comprehensive, proportional balancing method is coordinated, make watermelon throughout the growing season can obtain the fully nutrition supply coordinated, effectively promote the growth of watermelon, also can efficiently increase production while ensureing the better quality of watermelon.Utilize this novel cultivation matrix cultivated watermelons, well developed root system, robust plant, strong stress resistance, can enter flowering stage ahead of time; Utilize this novel cultivation matrix cultivated watermelons can prevent watermelon from continuous cropping soil, cultivating the generation of continuous cropping obstacle.
3. simplify the process of matrix composition, improve the yield and quality of cultivating watermelon, reduce the planting techniques such as fertilising, medication, reduce costs.
4. the sustainable development that high-efficiency agriculture is produced is promoted.Integrated innovation is carried out to watermelon cultivation substrate production technology, and carries out large-scale production, at garden large-scale demonstration, promote the application in a wider context of this achievement.Organic solid castoff harmless treatment and recycling can be realized on the one hand, protection Ecological Environment; Effectively relieve the Soil-sickness Problem of facility watermelon on the other hand, improve facility utilization rate, promote the sound development of facility growth of watermelon industry better.The research of watermelon cultivation substrate, develop and promote the use of, be conducive to the sustainable development promoting that local characteristic high-efficiency agriculture is produced, promote local economy progress, increase farmers' income.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The compound method of facility watermelon cultivation substrate: 1) silkworm excrement of acquisition and stevia stalk residue are carried out respectively bar buttress formula and to bank up fermentation, pile high 1.0 ~ 1.2 meters, bottom width 3.0 ~ 3.5 meters, top width 1.0 ~ 1.5 meters.According to the one thousandth inoculation cellulose decomposition compound bacteria of windrow volume during fermentation, to accelerate course of fermentation, shorten fermentation period.Turning is carried out, by Dui Biaoyu center material to change place, to ensure that fermentation evenly, is total to turning 2 ~ 3 times between yeast phase after fermentation stockpile central temperature reaches 65 degree.The earthworm excrement produced through dealing with earthworm, through the process of earthworm biologically digesting, is screened into the earthworm excrement of 1-4mm particle diameter by plant's ight soil; 2) by percent by volume be: material based on the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed of silkworm excrement 8 ~ 10%, stevia stalk residue 55 ~ 60%, the wormcast adding 25 ~ 28% improves its physics and biological character, then to add 2.0% ~ 6.0% particle diameter be physical behavior and the shock-absorbing capacity that the mineral materials such as the expansibility vermiculite of 1 ~ 3mm improve matrix.3) add 2 ~ 4% lignin iron fertilizers (to meet the nutritional need of watermelon intermediary and later stages growth) fully to mix and make Novel watermelon cultivation matrix.
Test:
1, test method:
Test site is due to strong town, Dongtai City of Jiangsu Province five Fu Chun garden gourd, fruit and vegetable Specialty Co-operative Organization experimental field, and soil is moisture soil great soil group, desalination moisture soil subclass, grittiness desalination moisture soil penus, and soil species is grittiness desalination soil, and the soil texture is light loam.Examination variety of watermelon is supplied to be " 8424 ".
6 process are established in this test, and repeat for 3 times, random district group arranges, and takes plastic house mode to cultivate.In 6 process, every mu of consumption is respectively 0,1,2,3,4,5 cubic metre, represents respectively to process code name T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5.All chemical fertilizer are all as base manure, disposable employed.Be experimental field south-north direction 3 booths, every canopy arranges district's group, each zone leader 12m, wide 4m, area 48m
2.
On March 1st, 2012, soil is also ploughed in whole ground, and base manure (chemical fertilizer) and the cultivation matrix of experimental scheme are used in bu in March 2 community, cultivation matrix according to spacing in the rows be 0.4m, line-spacing is that the watermelon Transplanting Density of 2m adopts the method for spreading manuer in holes to carry out.March 27 transplanted watermelon seedling, each community 60 strain.Topdressed April 20 and investigate the number of blade and main climing length.Gather watermelon in bu in June 20 community, meter produces.
2, test results and analysis
2.1 matrix are on the impact of watermelon growing
According to the investigation data analysis of each community melon seedling, cultivation matrix consumption has a certain impact to watermelon leaf emergence rate.Along with the increase of substrates quantity, water melon leaf number is increase trend, when substrates quantity reaches every mu of 4m
3time above, the number of blade no longer increases; Equally, after substrates quantity reaches certain level, the climing length of watermelon master also no longer increases, and even also slightly declines (table 1).
Table 1 substrates quantity is on the impact of watermelon plant leaf number, main climing length
2.2 matrix are on the impact of the yield of watermelon
Each community watermelon is carried out counting respectively and weighed, the results are shown in table 2.Data as can be seen from table 2, along with the increase of every mu of matrix amount of application, watermelon single fruit weight and per mu yield increase all to some extent.
Table 2 substrates quantity is on the impact of the yield of watermelon
2.3 matrix are on the impact of sugar of watermelon
Each community watermelon is sampled respectively and carries out the mensuration of sugar content, the results are shown in table 3 and table 4.As can be seen from the table, at every mu of substrates quantity 0 ~ 5m
3in scope, along with the increase of every mu of matrix amount of application, watermelon center sugar and limit sugar content have increase trend.
Table 3 substrates quantity is on the impact of watermelon center sugar content
Table 4 substrates quantity is on the impact of watermelon limit sugar content
3, sum up
(1) at every mu of substrates quantity 0 ~ 4m
3in scope, along with the increase of substrates quantity, water melon leaf number, the climing long increase of watermelon master.
(2) at every mu of substrates quantity 0 ~ 5m
3in scope, along with the increase of every mu of matrix amount of application, watermelon single fruit weight and per mu yield increase all to some extent.
(3) at every mu of substrates quantity 0 ~ 5m
3in scope, along with the increase of matrix amount of application, watermelon center sugar and limit sugar content have increase trend.As can be seen here, matrix all has positive facilitation to the growth of watermelon, output, sugariness within the specific limits.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a compound method for facility watermelon cultivation substrate, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) silkworm excrement of acquisition and stevia stalk residue are carried out fermentation of banking up respectively, the earthworm excrement produced through dealing with earthworm, through the process of earthworm biologically digesting, is screened into the earthworm excrement of 1-4mm particle diameter by plant's ight soil;
2) by percent by volume be: material based on the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed of silkworm excrement 8 ~ 10%, stevia stalk residue 55 ~ 60%, the wormcast adding 25 ~ 28% improves its physics and biological character, then to add 2.0% ~ 6.0% particle diameter be physical behavior and the shock-absorbing capacity that the expansibility vermiculite of 1 ~ 3mm improves matrix;
3) 2 ~ 4% lignin iron fertilizers are added.
2. the facility watermelon cultivation substrate of method acquisition according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310009708.9A CN103026958B (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2013-01-10 | Facility watermelon cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310009708.9A CN103026958B (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2013-01-10 | Facility watermelon cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103026958A CN103026958A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| CN103026958B true CN103026958B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
Family
ID=48014787
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310009708.9A Expired - Fee Related CN103026958B (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2013-01-10 | Facility watermelon cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103026958B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103314737B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-08-06 | 象山县农业技术推广中心 | Method of agricultural cycle production in winter |
| CN105254386A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-20 | 罗继卫 | Silkworm excrement cultivation media and preparation method thereof |
| CN108293861A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-07-20 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | A kind of spring greenhouse small watermelon mixed-matrix soilless culture method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100889927B1 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2009-03-24 | 이태봉 | Method of mass-culturing inonotus obliquus and/or phellinus linteus using silkworm, food comprising the inonotus obliquus and/or phellinus linteus cultured thereby, and method of manufacturing the food |
| CN101811903A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-08-25 | 扬州大学 | Novel organic substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN101830743A (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2010-09-15 | 天津市港源生物制品有限公司 | Method for producing special seedling substrate by taking stevia rebaudiana dregs as raw material |
| CN101855981A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Watermelon seedling culturing substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN102138499A (en) * | 2011-03-20 | 2011-08-03 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Watermelon seedling culturing substrate and application thereof |
-
2013
- 2013-01-10 CN CN201310009708.9A patent/CN103026958B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100889927B1 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2009-03-24 | 이태봉 | Method of mass-culturing inonotus obliquus and/or phellinus linteus using silkworm, food comprising the inonotus obliquus and/or phellinus linteus cultured thereby, and method of manufacturing the food |
| CN101855981A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Watermelon seedling culturing substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN101811903A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-08-25 | 扬州大学 | Novel organic substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN101830743A (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2010-09-15 | 天津市港源生物制品有限公司 | Method for producing special seedling substrate by taking stevia rebaudiana dregs as raw material |
| CN102138499A (en) * | 2011-03-20 | 2011-08-03 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Watermelon seedling culturing substrate and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 中微量元素对大兴区西瓜产量和品质的影响;冯文清等;《现代农业科技》;20100131(第1期);119-120 * |
| 蚓粪基质克服西瓜连作障碍的应用效果研究;柏彦超等;《中国农学通报》;20110831(第8期);212-216 * |
| 蚕沙栽培基质的调制研究;陈秀月等;《江苏蚕业》;19970630(第2期);1-6 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103026958A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102674996B (en) | Microbial organic fertilizer and manufacture method of microbial organic fertilizer | |
| CN102898193B (en) | Method for producing seedling-growing nutritive matrix by traditional Chinese medicine residue composting | |
| CN102910975B (en) | Rice seedling raising medium based on grain stillage as main component and preparation method of medium | |
| CN105493950B (en) | A kind of machine-transplanted rice seedling raising method and its application | |
| CN102701840A (en) | Preparation method of paddy seedling raising medium | |
| CN103787775A (en) | Eucalyptus seedling growing and cultivation medium and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102584479A (en) | Seedling raising matrix and production method thereof | |
| CN102211966A (en) | Sunlight greenhouse hot pepper seedling culturing substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105218267A (en) | A kind of rice nursery substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102503652A (en) | Preparation method of organic compound soil for rice seedling raising | |
| CN104396623A (en) | Tomato seedling substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103396182B (en) | Method for producing solanaceous vegetable seedling growing substrate by utilizing salvaged material of cassava processing | |
| CN106866294A (en) | A kind of jujube tree biological organic fertilizer and its manufacture method | |
| CN103004518B (en) | Plug seedling substrate for watermelons and preparation method of plug seedling substrate | |
| CN100356841C (en) | Organic culture substrate and its preparing method | |
| CN101341849A (en) | Organic matter basis cultivation method for vegetable overcoming root-knot nematodiasis of soil | |
| CN103145503B (en) | Spruce culture medium prepared from cassava stalk | |
| CN103026958B (en) | Facility watermelon cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107512971A (en) | A kind of rice matrix using bacteria residue and biomass carbon as raw material | |
| CN104756843A (en) | Organic seedling substrate for tomato and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106748072A (en) | A kind of cultivation matrix of agaricus bisporus | |
| CN104412893A (en) | Method for planting medicinal dendrobe | |
| CN103601576A (en) | Osmanthus fragrans potting medium | |
| CN105601382A (en) | Seedling raising substrate for mechanical transplanted rice and preparation method of seedling raising substrate | |
| CN108157124A (en) | It is a kind of to prepare the method for seedling medium and the product of acquisition and application using pig manure water and stalk |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141217 Termination date: 20160110 |