CN102980842B - System and method for testing anisotropy permeability coefficient of layered coarse-grained soil body - Google Patents
System and method for testing anisotropy permeability coefficient of layered coarse-grained soil body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for testing an anisotropy permeability coefficient of a layered coarse-grained soil body. The system comprises an upstream water supply device, a permeability device, a downstream water metering device and a data acquisition system, wherein the upstream water supply device injects the stored testing water into the permeability device; the infiltration water passing through the permeability device is collected to the downstream water metering device; and the permeability device and the downstream water metering device input the acquired infiltration information into the data acquisition system for processing the information through an information acquisition device. The operations of preparing a sample, saturating the sample, measuring the water head at a water section in real time and measuring the water quantity passing through the sample are directly performed in a sample chamber of the system, and disturbance of the system is avoided. The sample is cuboid-shaped, the sample section perpendicular to the permeability direction is square, the sample section parallel to the permeability direction is rectangular, side length along the permeability direction is two times of the side length perpendicular to the permeability direction, and the sample is suitable for testing the anisotropy permeability coefficient of the layered coarse-grained soil body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil test technique field, particularly a kind of test macro and method of testing measuring stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient.
Background technology
Soil body osmotic coefficient is the quantitative target of reflection soil body water permeability, is an extremely important index of the water permeable ability, impermeabilisation deformability, impermeabilisation damage capability etc. evaluating the soil body in engineering.In soil body engineering, common construction method is the earth material successively rear compacting of empty paving, and the earth structure of formation has significant lamellar character.Because construction method causes earth structure to be provided with lamellar character, cause its Penetration Signature also to present significant anisotropic properties, the infiltration coefficient being namely parallel to aspect is obviously different from the infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect.The mensuration problem of the anisotropy permeability coefficient of research Multilayered Soil has important practical significance.
The method of test soil body osmotic coefficient mainly contains test in situ and shop experiment two kinds, and wherein shop experiment is divided into constant head test and varying head test, all based on Darcy's law calculation permeability coefficient.Constant head test is applicable to the infiltration coefficient testing the stronger soil body of perviousness.Constant head test in the existing earthwork test rule of China can only test homogeneous soil sample or stratiform soil sample perpendicular to the infiltration coefficient of aspect, cannot test the infiltration coefficient being parallel to aspect.
At present, the instrument of indoor measurement soil body osmotic coefficient has multiple, is divided into rigid-walled permeameter and soft wall type permeameter according to the constraint condition around sample; Constant head test and varying head test is divided into according to the situation applying head.Conventional rigid-walled permeameter mainly contains 70 type permeameters, southern 55 type permeameters etc.70 type permeameters are applicable to the infiltration coefficient measuring sandy soil, and southern 55 type permeameters are applicable to the infiltration coefficient measuring cohesive soil.Soft wall type permeameter improves mainly with triaxial tester and forms, and soil sample is inserted in rubber pattern to apply side direction confined pressure, carries out permeability test.Existing permeameter ubiquity specimen size seepage pressure that is less, that provide is little, test period length, hermetic seal weak effect, the defects such as the infiltration coefficient, the instrumentation that are parallel to aspect be complicated cannot be measured.Many scholars, for particular problem, have carried out improving or have developed new instrument to conventional permeameter, but or still cannot test the infiltration coefficient being parallel to aspect; Or namely allow to test the infiltration coefficient being parallel to aspect, still there is complicated operation, the test duration is long, sample is not easily saturated, cannot test the defects such as the infiltration coefficient of both direction in same instrument.
The problem of Accurate Determining stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient can not be met for conventional permeameter and existing improvement instrument, need to develop a kind of infiltration experiment system to test the method for testing of the anisotropy permeability coefficient of stratiform coarse-grained soil body.
Summary of the invention
Given this, technical matters to be solved by this invention is the anisotropy permeability coefficient of how to test stratiform coarse-grained soil body.
An object of the present invention proposes a kind of stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro; Two of object of the present invention proposes a kind of stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient method of testing.
An object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro provided by the invention, comprises upstream water supply installation, permeability apparatus, downstream water gaging device and data acquisition system (DAS); The test water of storage is injected into permeability apparatus by described upstream water supply installation, infiltration water through permeability apparatus will be collected into downstream water gaging device, and the infiltration information of collection is input to data acquisition system (DAS) by the information collecting device arranged and carries out information processing by described permeability apparatus and downstream water gaging device.
Further, described upstream water supply installation comprises the high pressurized gas providing the gases at high pressure being insoluble in water for the water-vapor exchange device of storage test water and water supply vapour interchanger; Gases at high pressure pass in water-vapor exchange device by pressed gas draft tube by described high pressurized gas, and test water is pressed in permeability apparatus by press water water inlet pipe by described water-vapor exchange device.
Further, described permeability apparatus comprises intake chamber, sample chamber and water-supplying chamber; Porous disc is provided with between described intake chamber and sample chamber; Porous disc is provided with between described sample chamber and water-supplying chamber; Described intake chamber is provided with the water pressure sensor for measuring intake chamber head; Described water-supplying chamber is provided with the water pressure sensor for measuring hydroecium head; Described sample chamber is equidistantly provided with multiple pore water pressure sensor for measuring fixing water-carrying section head; Described intake chamber is connected with upstream water supply installation by press water water inlet pipe; Described water-supplying chamber is connected with downstream water gaging device by rising pipe.
Further, the shape of described sample chamber is cuboid, and it is of a size of a × a × b, and b is 2-4 times of a; A × b oblong lateral surface and a × a square sides of described sample chamber are the side that can open; Described intake chamber and water-supplying chamber are of a size of a × a × c, and wherein, c is the thickness of intake chamber and water-supplying chamber, and c is 0.1-0.5 times of a.
Further, described downstream water gaging device comprises tank and is arranged at LOAD CELLS, flow sensor and the timing sensor on tank; Described tank, for holding the infiltration water by sample, in order to prevent liquid surface evaporation from losing the water yield, this container is Semi-seal structure; Described LOAD CELLS, for measuring the mass change of water in tank; Described flow sensor, for measuring the flow entering water in tank; Described timing sensor, for recording lasting of tank water yield change procedure; Described data acquisition system (DAS) is used for automatically gathering, storing and analyze the test figure collecting permeability apparatus and downstream water gaging device.
Two of object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient provided by the invention carries out anisotropy permeability coefficient method of testing, comprises the following steps:
S1: prepare test earth material, and earth material is divided at least 2 parts;
S2: select the respective side opening aforementioned stratiform coarse-grained soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro sample chamber according to the requirement that the aspect preparing sample is parallel or vertical with water-carrying section;
S3: sample chamber a copy of it test earth material being loaded stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro, and be compacted to the packing of requirement;
S4: repeat step S3, until stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro sample chamber is full of sample completely;
S5: the side of the stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro sample chamber opened in airtight step S2;
S6: saturated sample;
S7: directly carry out infiltration coefficient test to through oversaturated sample;
S8: terminate test.
Further, the shape of described sample is cuboid, and it is of a size of a × a × b, and the sample section perpendicular to infiltration direction is square, and its length of side is a, and a is sample particle diameter d
855-10 times; B is specimen length, and b is 2-4 times of a.
Further, the method that employing compaction in layers prepared by described sample is prepared, and the sample after preparation is directly used in its infiltration coefficient of test; It is as follows that concrete steps prepared by described sample:
Described sample preparation comprises and is parallel to the preparation of aspect infiltration sample and the preparation perpendicular to aspect infiltration sample; Described sample preparation is parallel to the preparation of aspect infiltration coefficient sample, adopt layering void paving test earth material in permeability apparatus and successively compacting sample preparation, the described aspect preparing sample is parallel with the long limit of sample, vertical with sample cross section transverse, makes to permeate direction in aspect and test consistent;
The described preparation perpendicular to aspect infiltration sample; Adopt layering void paving test earth material successively compacting sample preparation in permeability apparatus, the described aspect preparing sample is vertical with the long limit of sample, parallel with sample cross section transverse, makes aspect and permeate direction in testing vertical; Described sample basal spacing, earth material type are determined according to test objective.
Further, described infiltration coefficient test specifically comprises the following steps:
S51: determine two water-carrying section in sample, and measure the area of the Distance geometry water-carrying section between two water-carrying section;
S52: the head at test water-carrying section place, the head at described water-carrying section place is by being arranged on pore water pressure sensor or the real-time Accurate Measurement of pore water pressure piezometric tube at water-carrying section place;
S53: test the water yield by water-carrying section, the described water yield by water-carrying section adopts the flow sensor being arranged on sample water delivering orifice directly to measure or LOAD CELLS indirect determination;
S54: test lasts measurement, described test is lasted and is measured by timer or timing sensor.
Further, the test of described infiltration coefficient comprises the infiltration coefficient test that is parallel to aspect and the infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect is tested;
The described infiltration coefficient test being parallel to aspect, for testing the infiltration coefficient being parallel to aspect infiltration sample;
The described infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect is tested, for testing the infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect infiltration sample.
The invention has the advantages that: the test macro of measurement stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient provided by the invention adopts upstream water supply installation, permeability apparatus, downstream water gaging device and data acquisition system (DAS); The sample that permeability test is tested can be prepared sample, saturated sample, measure the head at water-carrying section place and the water yield by sample in real time in the sample chamber of this device, so that according to Darcy's law calculation permeability coefficient.The present invention adopts the method for compaction in layers to prepare sample, and the sample after preparation is directly used in its infiltration coefficient of test, this avoid the disturbance to sample.Shape is adopted to be the sample of cuboid, sample section perpendicular to infiltration direction is square, the section being parallel to infiltration direction is rectangle, and is greater than 2 times of the vertical infiltration direction length of side along the infiltration direction length of side, and this sample is suitable for the anisotropy permeability coefficient of testing stratiform coarse-grained soil body.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of infiltration coefficient test macro of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of upstream of the present invention water supply installation;
Fig. 3 is permeability apparatus structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is downstream of the present invention water gaging apparatus structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is specimen shape of the present invention and scale diagrams;
Fig. 6 is the sample schematic diagram being parallel to aspect infiltration coefficient for the preparation of test of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is of the present invention for the preparation of the sample schematic diagram of test perpendicular to aspect infiltration coefficient;
Fig. 8 is infiltration coefficient method of testing schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: the water supply installation of 11-upstream; 12-permeability apparatus; 13-downstream water gaging device; 14-data acquisition system (DAS); 21-water-vapor exchange device; 22-high pressurized gas; 23-pressed gas draft tube; 24-press water water inlet pipe; 31-intake chamber; 32-sample chamber; 33-water-supplying chamber; 34-porous disc; 35-rising pipe; 36-pore water pressure sensor; 37,38-water pressure sensor; 41-tank; 42-LOAD CELLS; 43-flow sensor; 44-timing sensor; 51-upstream head; 52-downstream head; 53-permeates direction; 54-is parallel to the aspect in infiltration direction; 55-is perpendicular to the aspect in infiltration direction; The head at water-carrying section place, 81-upstream; The head at water-carrying section place, 82-downstream; Distance between 83-two water-carrying section; 84-upstream water-carrying section; 85-downstream water-carrying section.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment only in order to the present invention is described, instead of in order to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of infiltration coefficient test macro of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of upstream of the present invention water supply installation, Fig. 3 is permeability apparatus structural representation of the present invention, Fig. 4 is downstream of the present invention water gaging apparatus structure schematic diagram, as shown in the figure: stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro provided by the invention, comprises upstream water supply installation 11, permeability apparatus 12, downstream water gaging device 13 and data acquisition system (DAS) 14;
The object of upstream water supply installation provides water needed for the saturated and infiltration coefficient test of sample to sample, and have certain head, and this device is connected with the intake chamber of permeability apparatus.The test water of storage is injected into permeability apparatus by described upstream water supply installation, infiltration water through permeability apparatus will be collected into downstream water gaging device, and the infiltration information of collection is input to data acquisition system (DAS) by the information collecting device arranged and carries out information processing by described permeability apparatus and downstream water gaging device.
Described upstream water supply installation comprises the high pressurized gas 22 that the water-vapor exchange device 21 of water that uses for storage test and water supply vapour interchanger provide the gases at high pressure being insoluble in water; Gases at high pressure are pressed in water-vapor exchange device by pressed gas draft tube 23 by described high pressurized gas; Hydraulic pressure is entered in permeability apparatus by press water water inlet pipe 24 by described water-vapor exchange device.
Water-vapor exchange device can store the water that enough tests use, and glassware for drinking water can be made under the condition having high-pressure air source to have higher head, and is supplied to the intake chamber of permeability apparatus by water inlet pipe.High pressurized gas water supply vapour interchanger provides the gases at high pressure being insoluble in water, as nitrogen.
Permeability apparatus is the core of infiltration experiment system, its objective is and prepares sample, saturated sample, in real time the measurement head at water-carrying section place and the water yield by sample, so that according to Darcy's law calculation permeability coefficient.Described permeability apparatus comprises intake chamber 31, sample chamber 32 and water-supplying chamber 33; Porous disc 34 is provided with between described intake chamber and sample chamber; Porous disc is provided with between described sample chamber and water-supplying chamber; Described intake chamber is provided with the water pressure sensor 37 for measuring intake chamber head; Described water-supplying chamber is provided with the water pressure sensor 38 for measuring hydroecium head; To measure the head of intake chamber and water-supplying chamber respectively.
Described sample chamber is equidistantly provided with the pore water pressure sensor 36 for measuring fixing water-carrying section head; In the present embodiment, sample chamber equidistantly installs 4 pore water pressure sensors, to measure the head of 4 fixing water-carrying section simultaneously.Described intake chamber is connected with upstream water supply installation by press water water inlet pipe 24, and water-supplying chamber is connected with downstream water gaging device by rising pipe 35.
The shape of described sample chamber is cuboid, its be of a size of a × a × b(a be perpendicular to infiltration direction the length of side, b be parallel to infiltration direction the length of side), and b should be not less than 2 times of a, i.e. b >=2a, in the present embodiment, b is 2-4 times of a, also can change by actual requirement; A × b oblong lateral surface and a × a square sides of described sample chamber are the side that can open; Described intake chamber and water-supplying chamber are of a size of the thickness that a × a × c(c is intake chamber and water-supplying chamber, and c is about 0.1-0.5 times of a).
The object of downstream water gaging device measures by the water yield of sample and the time of experience, and this device is connected with the water-supplying chamber of permeability apparatus.Described downstream water gaging device comprises tank 41 and is arranged at LOAD CELLS 42, flow sensor 43 and the timing sensor 44 on tank;
Described tank, for holding the water permeated by sample, in order to prevent liquid surface evaporation from losing the water yield, this container is Semi-seal structure.
Described LOAD CELLS, for measuring the mass change of water in tank, indirectly to obtain the volume of water, can calculate flow.
Described flow sensor, for measuring the flow entering water in tank, flow sensor is used for direct measuring flow.LOAD CELLS and flow sensor supplement mutually, to guarantee that flow measurement is correct.
Described timing sensor, for recording lasting of tank water yield change procedure.
Described data acquisition system (DAS) is used for automatically gathering, storing and analyze the test figure collecting permeability apparatus and downstream water gaging device.This system is used for automatically gathering, storing and analytical test data, is connected, is made up of data acquisition device, computing machine and data collection and analysis software three part with permeability apparatus with each sensor in the water gaging device of downstream.
Also comprise test accessories, described test accessories comprises sample preparation compactor and balance.
Fig. 5 is specimen shape of the present invention and scale diagrams, Fig. 6 is the sample schematic diagram being parallel to aspect infiltration coefficient for the preparation of test of the present invention, Fig. 7 is of the present invention for the preparation of the sample schematic diagram of test perpendicular to aspect infiltration coefficient, Fig. 8 is infiltration coefficient method of testing schematic diagram of the present invention, in figure, upstream head 51; Downstream head 52; Infiltration direction 53; Be parallel to the aspect 54 in infiltration direction; Perpendicular to the aspect 55 in infiltration direction; The head 81 at water-carrying section place, upstream; The head 82 at water-carrying section place, downstream; Distance 83 between two water-carrying section; Upstream water-carrying section 84; Downstream water-carrying section 85, as shown in the figure: stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient method of testing provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
S1: prepare test earth material, and test earth material is divided at least 2 parts, also can distribute test earth material according to actual requirement;
S2: determine specimen size.The shape of sample is cuboid, and it is of a size of a × a × b, and the sample section perpendicular to infiltration direction is square, and its length of side is a, and a is not less than sample particle diameter d
855 times, getting a in the present embodiment is sample particle diameter d
855-10 times; B is specimen length, and b is 2-4 times of a.
S3: select the respective side opening aforementioned stratiform coarse-grained soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro sample chamber according to the requirement that the aspect preparing sample is parallel or vertical with water-carrying section;
S4: sample chamber a copy of it test earth material being loaded stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro, and be compacted to the packing of requirement;
S4: repeat step S3, until stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro sample chamber is full of sample completely;
S5: the side of the stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro sample chamber opened in airtight step S2.
The method preparation adopting compaction in layers prepared by described sample, and the sample after preparation is directly used in its infiltration coefficient of test.It is as follows that concrete steps prepared by described sample:
Described sample preparation comprises and is parallel to the preparation of aspect infiltration sample and the preparation perpendicular to aspect infiltration sample; Described sample preparation is parallel to the preparation of aspect infiltration coefficient sample, adopt layering void paving test earth material in permeability apparatus and successively compacting sample preparation, the aspect of prepared sample is parallel with the long limit of sample, vertical with sample cross section transverse, permeates direction consistent in making aspect and testing;
The described preparation perpendicular to aspect infiltration sample; Employing is the also successively compacting sample preparation of layering void paving test earth material in permeability apparatus, and the aspect of prepared sample is vertical with the long limit of sample, parallel with sample cross section transverse, makes aspect and permeate direction in testing vertical.
Described sample basal spacing, earth material type are determined according to test objective.Each basal spacing in sample can be identical, also can be different; In sample, each layer earth material can be identical, also can be different.
Described permeability apparatus is the sample chamber of cuboid, described sample chamber is provided with the side in two the orthogonal directions that can open respectively, select according to the requirement that the aspect preparing sample is parallel or vertical with water-carrying section the respective side opening sample chamber, then in sample chamber, preparation meets the sample of testing requirements.
S6: saturated sample;
S7: directly carry out infiltration coefficient test to through oversaturated sample; Theoretical according to seepage action of ground water, the infiltration coefficient of the test soil body, described infiltration coefficient test specifically comprises the following steps:
S71: determine two water-carrying section in sample, and measure the area of the Distance geometry water-carrying section between two water-carrying section;
S72: the head at test water-carrying section place, the head at described water-carrying section place is by being arranged on pore water pressure sensor and/or the pore water pressure piezometric tube the real time measure at water-carrying section place;
S73: test the water yield by water-carrying section, the described water yield by water-carrying section is directly measured and/or LOAD CELLS indirect determination by the flow sensor being arranged on sample water delivering orifice;
S74: test lasts measurement, described test is lasted and is measured by timer and/or timing sensor.
The test of described infiltration coefficient comprises the infiltration coefficient test that is parallel to aspect and the infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect is tested;
The described infiltration coefficient test being parallel to aspect, for testing the infiltration coefficient being parallel to aspect infiltration sample;
The described infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect is tested, for testing the infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect infiltration sample.
S8: terminate test.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (8)
1. stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro, is characterized in that: comprise upstream water supply installation, permeability apparatus, downstream water gaging device and data acquisition system (DAS); The test water of storage is injected into permeability apparatus by described upstream water supply installation, and the infiltration water through permeability apparatus is collected downstream water gaging device, the infiltration information of collection is input to data acquisition system (DAS) by the information collecting device arranged and carries out information processing by described permeability apparatus and downstream water gaging device;
Described permeability apparatus comprises intake chamber, sample chamber and water-supplying chamber; Porous disc is provided with between described intake chamber and sample chamber; Porous disc is provided with between described sample chamber and water-supplying chamber; Described intake chamber is provided with the water pressure sensor for measuring intake chamber head; Described water-supplying chamber is provided with the water pressure sensor for measuring hydroecium head; Described sample chamber is equidistantly provided with multiple pore water pressure sensor for measuring fixing water-carrying section head; Described intake chamber is connected with upstream water supply installation by press water water inlet pipe; Described water-supplying chamber is connected with downstream water gaging device by rising pipe;
The shape of described sample chamber is cuboid, and it is of a size of a × a × b, and b is 2-4 times of a; A × b oblong lateral surface and a × a square sides of described sample chamber are the side that can open; Described intake chamber and water-supplying chamber are of a size of a × a × c, and wherein, c is the thickness of intake chamber and water-supplying chamber, and c is 0.1-0.5 times of a.
2. stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described upstream water supply installation comprises the high pressurized gas providing the gases at high pressure being insoluble in water for the water-vapor exchange device of storage test water and water supply vapour interchanger; Gases at high pressure pass in water-vapor exchange device by pressed gas draft tube by described high pressurized gas, and test water is pressed in permeability apparatus by press water water inlet pipe by described water-vapor exchange device.
3. stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described downstream water gaging device comprises tank and is arranged at LOAD CELLS, flow sensor and the timing sensor on tank; Described tank, for holding the infiltration water by sample, in order to prevent liquid surface evaporation from losing the water yield, this tank is Semi-seal structure; Described LOAD CELLS, for measuring the mass change of water in tank; Described flow sensor, for measuring the flow entering water in tank; Described timing sensor, for recording lasting of tank water yield change procedure; Described data acquisition system (DAS), for automatically gathering, storing and analyze the test figure collecting permeability apparatus and downstream water gaging device.
4. utilize stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro according to any one of claim 1-3 to carry out the method for testing of anisotropy permeability coefficient, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
S1: prepare test earth material, and earth material is divided at least 2 parts;
S2: select the respective side opening aforementioned stratiform coarse-grained soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro sample chamber according to the requirement that the aspect preparing sample is parallel or vertical with water-carrying section;
S3: sample chamber a copy of it test earth material being loaded stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro, and be compacted to the packing of requirement;
S4: repeat step S3, until stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro sample chamber is full of sample completely;
S5: the side of the stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro sample chamber opened in airtight step S2;
S6: saturated sample;
S7: directly carry out infiltration coefficient test to through oversaturated sample;
S8: terminate test.
5. the stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro that utilizes according to claim 4 is to carry out the method for testing of anisotropy permeability coefficient, it is characterized in that: the shape of described sample is cuboid, it is of a size of a × a × b, sample section perpendicular to infiltration direction is square, its length of side is a, and a is sample particle diameter d
855-10 times; B is specimen length, and b is 2-4 times of a.
6. the stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro that utilizes according to claim 4 is to carry out the method for testing of anisotropy permeability coefficient, it is characterized in that: the method that employing compaction in layers prepared by described sample is prepared, the sample after preparation is directly used in its infiltration coefficient of test; It is as follows that concrete steps prepared by described sample:
Described sample preparation comprises and is parallel to the preparation of aspect infiltration sample and the preparation perpendicular to aspect infiltration sample; Described sample preparation is parallel to the preparation of aspect infiltration coefficient sample, adopt layering void paving test earth material in permeability apparatus and successively compacting sample preparation, the described aspect preparing sample is parallel with the long limit of sample, vertical with sample cross section transverse, makes to permeate direction in aspect and test consistent;
The described preparation perpendicular to aspect infiltration sample; Adopt layering void paving test earth material successively compacting sample preparation in permeability apparatus, the described aspect preparing sample is vertical with the long limit of sample, parallel with sample cross section transverse, makes aspect and permeate direction in testing vertical; Described sample basal spacing, earth material type are determined according to test objective.
7. the stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro that utilizes according to claim 4 is to carry out the method for testing of anisotropy permeability coefficient, it is characterized in that: described infiltration coefficient test specifically comprises the following steps:
S51: determine two water-carrying section in sample, and measure the area of the Distance geometry water-carrying section between two water-carrying section;
S52: the head at test water-carrying section place, the head at described water-carrying section place is by being arranged on pore water pressure sensor or the pore water pressure piezometric tube the real time measure at water-carrying section place;
S53: test the water yield by water-carrying section, the described water yield by water-carrying section adopts the flow sensor being arranged on sample water delivering orifice directly to measure or LOAD CELLS indirect determination;
S54: test lasts measurement, described test is lasted and is measured by timer or timing sensor.
8. the stratiform coarse grain soil body anisotropy permeability coefficient test macro that utilizes according to claim 4 is to carry out the method for testing of anisotropy permeability coefficient, it is characterized in that: the test of described infiltration coefficient comprises the infiltration coefficient test that is parallel to aspect and the infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect is tested;
The described infiltration coefficient test being parallel to aspect, for testing the infiltration coefficient being parallel to aspect infiltration sample;
The described infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect is tested, for testing the infiltration coefficient perpendicular to aspect infiltration sample.
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