The implantation methods of a kind of soybean
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a kind of soybean, belong to the arviculture technical field.
Background technology
Pulse family Glycine annual herb, (formal name used at school: Glycine max), Ancient Chinese claims bean to soybean, it is the leguminous plant that a kind of its seed contains rich in protein, soybean ovalize, sphere, color have yellow, light green, black etc., so the title of soya bean, green soya bean, black soya bean is arranged again.
That the root of soybean has is main, lateral root minute, can bury 1.5 meters dark, be bell jar shape root system, root has root nodule in the soil about earth's surface to 20 centimetre, rhizobium can be for 1/3~1/2 of soybean nitrogen requirement, and stem is high 60~100 centimetres, 15~24 joints, beanpod and is born on the joint, the normal high yield of more piece soybean, pod are yellow, black, brown, curved crescent or straight Pear-Shaped, soybean is short day crop, and the susceptibility difference to short-day between kind is large.Need sufficient sunlight, require nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition more.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention has been to provide the implantation methods of a kind of soybean.
The present invention realizes by following technology:
The implantation methods of soybean comprises following content:
(1) sowing
The liquid seed soaking 8-12h that first soya seeds is made into 40-45 ℃ 12-15% traditional Chinese medicine extract powder, the liquid that 12-15% traditional Chinese medicine extract powder is made into is: the dried silkworm excrement of 6-8 part, 10-12 part mulberry leaf, 8-10 part datlily, 4-6 part cotton rose, 8-10 part orchid and 8-10 part paulownia sawdust add decocting and boil, collect filtrate and be condensed into dried powder and obtain the traditional Chinese medicine extract, then above-mentioned powder are made into the liquid that mass concentration is 12-15%; Pull out and broadcast sowing in being mixed with on 20-30% fulvic acid, the bentonitic seedbed of 10-20% after drying, it is moistening that water spray is kept the seedbed, the control temperature is at 15-20 ℃, behind the planting seed of soybean, the Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest agent of can every fortnight spray after seedling is unearthed converting 800-900 times of water one time, the agent of described Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest are by following raw materials in part by weight: 3-5 part yew, 4-6 part anemone vitifolia, 9-11 part Sargent gloryvine, 4-6 part withy, 3-5 part phoenix tree leaf, 7-9 part schizonepeta and 5-10 horse chestnut add decocting and boil, collect filtrate and be condensed into dried powder and make;
(2) wholely
Soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and soil structure is suitable, and physicochemical character is good, PH 5.5-6.5, and soil total salt content is not higher than 0.4%; And calcium carbonate 10-20kg, diatomite 10-20kg, urea 15-18 kg, manganese sulphate 2-4kg, ferrous sulfate 3-5kg, zinc sulphate 1-2kg mix 2-3kg vegetable oil used in the lump;
(3) field planting
Sow after 30-40 days, the seedling field planting is in the plot, field planting spacing in the rows 14-22cm, line-spacing 25-35cm, water immediately after the cultivation, mu is executed urea 15-25kg, potassium chloride 5-10kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 12-14kg, municipal sludge 30-40kg, humus 8-12kg, plant ash 1-2kg, manganese fertilizer 0.8-1.2kg, citric acid 0.8-1.2kg, flyash 1-2kg, zinc fertilizer 0.2-0.4kg, plays the effect of fertilising, subsoiling, soil moisture conservation, temperature raising;
(4) vegetative period to full-bloom stage is managed:
Miao Diyao is accomplished that the field is without weeds; Seedling large tracts of land squaring period is to flowering stage, spray week about 3 the blade face concentration trace element fertilizer that is 0.5-0.8%, brassin lactones and the 0.3-0.5% boron fertilizer of 0.1-0.3%;
In whole vegetative period, every the Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest agent that spray in 1-2 month is converted 800-900 times of water one time, the agent of described Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest is by following raw materials in part by weight: the agent of described Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest is by following raw materials in part by weight: 3-5 part yew, 4-6 part anemone vitifolia, 9-11 part Sargent gloryvine, 4-6 part withy, 3-5 part phoenix tree leaf, 7-9 part schizonepeta and 5-10 horse chestnut add decocting and boil, collect filtrate and be condensed into dried powder and make.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: use the agent of Chinese herbal medicine preventing disease and pest in the planting process of the present invention, nuisanceless, reduced environmental pollution, play the preventive and therapeutic effect of damage by disease and insect, prevention and the generation that has reduced damage by disease and insect, the urea of using in the base manure, potassium chloride, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, municipal sludge, humus, plant ash, manganese fertilizer, citric acid, flyash and zinc fertilizer have significant production-increasing function to soybean.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further details:
The implantation methods of soybean comprises following content:
(1) sowing
The liquid seed soaking 8-12h that first soya seeds is made into 40-45 ℃ 12-15% traditional Chinese medicine extract powder, the liquid that 12-15% traditional Chinese medicine extract powder is made into is: the dried silkworm excrement of 6-8 part, 10-12 part mulberry leaf, 8-10 part datlily, 4-6 part cotton rose, 8-10 part orchid and 8-10 part paulownia sawdust add decocting and boil, collect filtrate and be condensed into dried powder and obtain the traditional Chinese medicine extract, then above-mentioned powder are made into the liquid that mass concentration is 12-15%; Pull out and broadcast sowing in being mixed with on 20-30% fulvic acid, the bentonitic seedbed of 10-20% after drying, it is moistening that water spray is kept the seedbed, the control temperature is at 15-20 ℃, behind the planting seed of soybean, the Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest agent of can every fortnight spray after seedling is unearthed converting 800-900 times of water one time, the agent of described Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest are by following raw materials in part by weight: 3-5 part yew, 4-6 part anemone vitifolia, 9-11 part Sargent gloryvine, 4-6 part withy, 3-5 part phoenix tree leaf, 7-9 part schizonepeta and 5-10 horse chestnut add decocting and boil, collect filtrate and be condensed into dried powder and make;
(2) wholely
Soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and soil structure is suitable, and physicochemical character is good, PH 5.5-6.5, and soil total salt content is not higher than 0.4%; And calcium carbonate 10-20kg, diatomite 10-20kg, urea 15-18 kg, manganese sulphate 2-4kg, ferrous sulfate 3-5kg, zinc sulphate 1-2kg mix 2-3kg vegetable oil used in the lump;
(3) field planting
Sow after 30-40 days, the seedling field planting is in the plot, field planting spacing in the rows 14-22cm, line-spacing 25-35cm, water immediately after the cultivation, mu is executed urea 15-25kg, potassium chloride 5-10kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 12-14kg, municipal sludge 30-40kg, humus 8-12kg, plant ash 1-2kg, manganese fertilizer 0.8-1.2kg, citric acid 0.8-1.2kg, flyash 1-2kg, zinc fertilizer 0.2-0.4kg, plays the effect of fertilising, subsoiling, soil moisture conservation, temperature raising;
(4) vegetative period to full-bloom stage is managed:
Miao Diyao is accomplished that the field is without weeds; Seedling large tracts of land squaring period is to flowering stage, spray week about 3 the blade face concentration trace element fertilizer that is 0.5-0.8%, brassin lactones and the 0.3-0.5% boron fertilizer of 0.1-0.3%;
In whole vegetative period, every the Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest agent that spray in 1-2 month is converted 800-900 times of water one time, the agent of described Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest is by following raw materials in part by weight: the agent of described Chinese medicine preventing disease and pest is by following raw materials in part by weight: 3-5 part yew, 4-6 part anemone vitifolia, 9-11 part Sargent gloryvine, 4-6 part withy, 3-5 part phoenix tree leaf, 7-9 part schizonepeta and 5-10 horse chestnut add decocting and boil, collect filtrate and be condensed into dried powder and make.
The effect of above-described embodiment method plantation soybean shows:
? |
Target level of product quality |
Output |
The damage by disease and insect incidence |
The present invention's plantation |
A level pollution-free food |
240 kg/acres |
1.5% |
General planting |
Nuisanceless |
130 kg/acres |
7% |