CN102947294A - 新颖有机电致发光化合物及使用该化合物的有机电致发光装置 - Google Patents
新颖有机电致发光化合物及使用该化合物的有机电致发光装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102947294A CN102947294A CN2011800314874A CN201180031487A CN102947294A CN 102947294 A CN102947294 A CN 102947294A CN 2011800314874 A CN2011800314874 A CN 2011800314874A CN 201180031487 A CN201180031487 A CN 201180031487A CN 102947294 A CN102947294 A CN 102947294A
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- Prior art keywords
- organic electroluminescent
- compound
- alkyl
- heteroaryl
- aryl
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 amine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000005104 aryl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000739 C2-C30 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 34
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 24
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 17
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulphate Substances [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 13
- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 7
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JNGZXGGOCLZBFB-IVCQMTBJSA-N compound E Chemical compound N([C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(N(C)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1)=O)C(=O)CC1=CC(F)=CC(F)=C1 JNGZXGGOCLZBFB-IVCQMTBJSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- JXMZUNPWVXQADG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1I JXMZUNPWVXQADG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Butyllithium Substances [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl borate Chemical compound COB(OC)OC WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LONBOJIXBFUBKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,7-dibromo-9,9-dimethylfluorene Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC(Br)=CC=C3C2=C1 LONBOJIXBFUBKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- DPVIABCMTHHTGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=NC(Cl)=N1 DPVIABCMTHHTGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000370 acceptor Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MGNCLNQXLYJVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanuric chloride Chemical compound ClC1=NC(Cl)=NC(Cl)=N1 MGNCLNQXLYJVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003914 fluoranthenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C1=C23)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- UEEXRMUCXBPYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium;2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound [Ir].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 UEEXRMUCXBPYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SKEDXQSRJSUMRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound [Li].C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 SKEDXQSRJSUMRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylmagnesium bromide Chemical compound Br[Mg]C1=CC=CC=C1 ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000923 (C1-C30) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- UQRONKZLYKUEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)pent-4-en-2-one Chemical group CC(=C)CC(=O)Cc1c(C)cc(C)cc1C UQRONKZLYKUEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVEJRZRAUYJYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-methyl-9h-fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 ZVEJRZRAUYJYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017107 AlOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cs2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Cs+].[Cs+] KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIIWGCBLYNDKBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline 1-oxide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[N+]([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 GIIWGCBLYNDKBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003564 SiAlON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUBWJSDTSXPQFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al+3].CC1=NC2=C(C=CC=C2C=C1C=1C(=C(C=CC1C1=CC=CC=C1)O)C=1C(=NC2=C(C=CC=C2C1)O)C)O Chemical compound [Al+3].CC1=NC2=C(C=CC=C2C=C1C=1C(=C(C=CC1C1=CC=CC=C1)O)C=1C(=NC2=C(C=CC=C2C1)O)C)O KUBWJSDTSXPQFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005577 anthracene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003943 azolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002047 benzodioxolyl group Chemical group O1OC(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005874 benzothiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000259 cinnolinyl group Chemical group N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125773 compound 10 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- AKUNKIJLSDQFLS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dicesium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Cs+].[Cs+] AKUNKIJLSDQFLS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003838 furazanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MILUBEOXRNEUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium(3+) Chemical class [Ir+3] MILUBEOXRNEUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001977 isobenzofuranyl group Chemical group C=1(OC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N jdtic Chemical compound C1([C@]2(C)CCN(C[C@@H]2C)C[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]2NCC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C2)=CC=CC(O)=C1 ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004934 phenanthridinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC=C3C=CC=CC3=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005247 tetrazinyl group Chemical group N1=NN=NC(=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002061 vacuum sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供化学式1表示的有机电致发光化合物及使用该化合物的有机电致发光装置。当使用该有机电致发光化合物作为OLED装置的有机电致发光材料的基质材料时,其具有良好发光效率及优异材料寿命特性。因此该化合物可用于制造具有非常优越操作寿命的OLED装置。化学式1
Description
【技术领域】
本发明是关于新颖有机电致发光(electroluminescent)化合物及使用该化合物的有机电致发光装置。更具体而言,是关于用来作为有机电致发光材料的新颖有机电致发光化合物及使用该化合物的有机电致发光装置。
【背景技术】
决定有机发光二极体(OLED)的发光效率的最重要因素为有机电致发光材料。虽然到目前为止荧光材料已被广泛地用作为有机电致发光材料使用,但有鉴于电致发光机制,研发磷光材料是从理论上提高发光效率至原来4倍的最佳方法之一。迄今为止,铱(III)络合物已作为磷光材料而广为人知,其包含(acac)Ir(btp)2、Ir(ppy)3及Firpic,分别发红光、绿光及蓝光。特别是近来日本、欧洲及美国已对许多磷光材料进行研究调查。
目前CBP最为广知作为磷光材料的基质材料。已有报道使用包括BCP、BAlq等的空穴阻挡层的高效率OLED。使用BAlq衍生物作为基质的高性能OLED已为先锋公司(日本)及其它人报道。
虽然该等材料提供良好的电致发光特性,其仍有下述缺点:于真空中的高温沉积过程期间,因低玻璃转移温度及差的热稳定性导致该等材料可能发生降解。由于OLED的功率效率以(π/电压)×电流效率表示,该功率效率与电压成反比。因此减少OLED的耗电量需要高功率效率。实际上,相较于使用荧光材料的OLED,使用磷光材料的OLED提供更优良的电流功率(cd/A)。然而,以现存的材料(如BAlq、CBP等)用来作为磷光材料的基质(host)时,由于高驱动电压造成使用磷光材料的OLED的功率效率(流明/瓦(lm/W))并不显著优于使用荧光材料的OLED的功率效率。再者,该OLED装置不具有令人满意的操作寿命。因此,研发更稳定且高性能的基质材料有其必要性。
【发明内容】
技术问题
通过大量努力以克服上述传统技术问题,本申请的发明人已发现新颖电致发光化合物,其实现了具有优异发光效率及显著改善的寿命性质的有机电致发光装置。
本发明的一个目的是提供有机电致发光化合物,其相较于传统掺杂剂材料具有以适当色坐标提供更好的发光效率及装置寿命的骨架,同时解决前述问题。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种具有高发光效率及改良的寿命性质的有机电致发光装置。
技术解决方案
本发明提供化学式1所表示的新颖有机电致发光化合物及使用该化合物的有机电致发光装置。由于本发明的有机电致发光化合物相较于现有基质材料具有良好发光效率及优异寿命性质,因此其可用于制造具有非常优越操作寿命的OLED装置。
化学式1
化学式2
X表示-O-或-S-;Y表示-S-、-C(R1)(R2)-、-Si(R3)(R4)-、-N(R5)-或选自下列结构的二价基;
Ar1至Ar5及R1至R5独立地表示氢、氘、(Cl-C30)烷基、卤(Cl-C30)烷基、卤素、氰基、(C3-C30)环烷基、5至7元杂环烷基.(C2-C30)烯基、(C2-C30)炔基、(C6-C30)芳基、(Cl-C30)烷氧基、(C6-C30)芳氧基、(C3-C30)杂芳基、(C6-C30)芳基(Cl-C30)烷基、(C6-C30)芳硫基、单或二(Cl-C30)烷胺基、单或二(C6-C30)芳基胺基、三(Cl-C30)烷基甲硅烷基(tri(Cl-C30)alkylsilyl)、二(Cl-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、三(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、硝基或羟基、或者它们中的每一个通过具有或不具有稠环的(C3-C30)亚烷基或(C3-C30)亚烯基键连至相邻取代基以形成脂环族环、单环或多环的芳香环、或单环或多环的杂芳环;
Ar1至Ar5及R1至R5的烷基、环烷基、杂环烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基及杂芳基中的每一个可进一步经一个或多个取代基取代,所述取代基选自氘、(Cl-C30)烷基、卤(Cl-C30)烷基、卤素、氰基、(C3-C30)环烷基、5至7元杂环烷基.(C2-C30)烯基、(C2-C30)炔基、(C6-C30)芳基、(Cl-C30)烷氧基、(C6-C30)芳氧基、(C3-C30)杂芳基、具有(Cl-C30)烷基取代基的(C3-C30)杂芳基、具有(C6-C30)芳基取代基的(C3-C30)杂芳基、(C6-C30)芳基(Cl-C30)烷基、(C6-C30)芳硫基、单或二(Cl-C30)烷胺基、单或二(C6-C30)芳基胺基、三(Cl-C30)烷基甲硅烷基、二(Cl-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、三(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、硝基或羟基;
L1至L3独立地表示化学键或选自(C6-C30)亚芳基、(C3-C30)亚杂芳基、二(Cl-C30)烷基甲硅烷基或二(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基的二价基;且
该杂环烷基、杂芳基及杂芳环可含有一个或多个选自B、N、O及S的杂原子。
本发明中,“烷基”、“烷氧基”以及含有“烷基”部分的其它取代基包含直链以及支链两种。
本发明中,“芳基”意指自芳香烃去除一个氢原子后所得的有机基团,且可包含4至7元,尤其5或6元的单环或稠合环,包含多个其间具有一个或多个单键的芳基。该芳基的具体实例包括:苯基、萘基、联苯基、蒽基、茚基、芴基、菲基、苯并菲基(triphenylenyl)、芘基、苝基、基、稠四苯基(naphthacenyl)、荧蒽基(fluoranthenyl)等,但并不限于此。该萘基包括1-萘基及2-萘基。而该蒽基包括1-蒽基、2-蒽基及9-蒽基。且该芴基包括1-芴基、2-芴基、3-芴基、4-芴基以及9-芴基。本发明中,“杂芳基”意指含有作为芳香环骨架原子的1个至4个选自B、N、O及S的杂原子及其它剩余芳香环骨架原子为碳的芳基。该杂芳基可为5元或6元单环杂芳基或与一个或多个苯环缩合而得的多环杂芳基,且可呈部分饱和。该杂芳基亦可包含其间具有一个或多个单键的杂芳基。
该杂芳基包含其中环上的杂原子可经氧化或季化(quaternize)以形成诸如N-氧化物与季盐的二价芳基。其具体实例包含:单环杂芳基,诸如呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、噻二唑基、异噻唑基、异唑基、唑基、二唑基、三嗪基、四嗪基、三唑基、四唑基、呋咱基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基等;多环杂芳基,诸如苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、异苯并呋喃基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并异唑基、苯并唑基、异吲哚基、吲哚基、吲唑基、苯并噻二唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、咔唑基、啡啶基及苯并二氧杂环戊基(benzodioxolyl)等;其N-氧化物(诸如:吡啶基N-氧化物及喹啉N-氧化物等)、及其季盐等,但并不限于此。
本发明中,“(C1-C30)烷基、三(Cl-C30)烷基甲硅烷基、二(Cl-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、(C6-C30)芳基(Cl-C30)烷基、(Cl-C30)烷氧基、(Cl-C30)烷硫基”或其它相似物的烷基部分可有1至20个碳原子,更具体而言为l至10个碳原子。“(C6-C30)芳基、二(Cl-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、三(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、(C6-C30)芳基(Cl-C30)烷基、(C6-C30)芳氧基、(C6-C30)芳硫基”或其它相似物的芳基部分可有6至20个碳原子,更具体而言为6至12个碳原子。“(C3-C30)杂芳基”的杂芳基部分可有4至20个碳原子,更具体而言为4至12个碳原子。“(C3-C30)环烷基”的环烷基部分可有3至20个碳原子,更具体而言为3至7个碳原子。“(C2-C30)烯基或炔基”的烯基或炔基部分可有2至20个碳原子,更具体而言为2至10个碳原子。
化学式1的
选自下列结构,但并不限于此。
其中,
Y及Ar1至Ar3的定义与化学式1中的定义相同。
且,化学式1的*—L1—L2—L3—*选自下列结构,但并不限于此:
本发明的有机电致发光化合物可由下列化合物具体列示,但本发明并不限于下列化合物。
本发明提供一种有机电致发光装置,其包括第一电极:第二电极;以及一层或多层置于该第一电极与该第二电极之间的有机层;其中该有机层包括一种或多种化学式1所表示的有机电致发光化合物。
于该有机电致发光装置中,当使用一种或多种化学式l的有机电致发光化合物作为电致发光基质时,该有机层包括含有一种或多种磷光掺杂剂的电致发光层。对于应用于本发明的有机电致发光装置的掺杂剂并无特别限制。
于本发明的有机电子装置中,该有机层除了包含化学式1所表示的有机电致发光化合物外,同时还可进一步包含一种或多种选自芳基胺化合物及苯乙烯基芳基胺化合物的化合物。该芳基胺化合物或苯乙烯基芳基胺化合物例示于第10-2008-0123276号、第10-2008-0107606号或第10-2008-0118428号韩国专利申请案,但并不限于此。
再者,于本发明的有机电致发光装置中,该有机层除了包含化学式1所表示的有机电致发光化合物外,还可进一步包含一种或多种选自第1族有机金属、第2族、第4周期与第5周期的过渡金属、镧系金属及d-过渡元素的金属或络合物。该有机层可包含电致发光层及电荷产生层。
此外,该有机层除了包含化学式1所表示的有机电致发光化合物外,还可同时包含一层或多层同时发射蓝光、绿光或红光的有机电致发光层,以实现发射白光的有机电致发光装置。发射蓝光、绿光或红光的化合物揭示于第10-2008-0123276号、第10-2008-0107606号或第10-2008-0118428号韩国专利申请案中描述的化合物,但并不限于此。
于本发明的有机电致发光装置中,可将一层(后文中称为“表面层”)选自硫属化合物(chalcogenide)层、金属卤化物层及金属氧化物层的层设置于该电极对的一个或两个电极的内表面上。更具体而言,可将硅或铝的金属硫属化合物(包含氧化物)层设置于该电致发光介质(medium)层的阳极表面上,以及将金属卤化物层或金属氧化物层设置于该电致发光介质层的阴极表面上。借此可得到操作稳定性。该硫属化合物可为,诸如SiOx(l≤x≤2)、AlOx(1≤x≤l.5)、SiON、SiAlON等。该金属卤化物可为,诸如LiF、MgF2、CaF2、稀土金属的氟化物等。该金属氧化物可为,诸如Cs2O、Li2O、MgO、SrO、BaO、CaO等。
于本发明的有机电致发光装置中,亦优选为将电子传输化合物与还原性掺杂剂的混合区域或空穴传输化合物与氧化性掺杂剂的混合区域设置于如此制造的电极对的至少一表面上。于此例中,由于电子传输化合物被还原成阴离子,因而使电子易自该混合区域注入及传输至电致发光介质。此外,由于空穴传输化合物被氧化成阳离子,因此使空穴易自其混合区域注入及传输至电致发光介质。优选的氧化性掺杂剂包含各种路易斯酸及受体化合物(acceptorcompound)。而优选的还原性掺杂剂包含碱金属、碱金属化合物、碱土金属、稀土金属,及其混合物。再者,具有两层或多层电致发光层的发射白光的电致发光装置可通过使用还原性掺杂剂层作为电荷产生层而制造。
有利效果
由于本发明的有机电致发光化合物用于作为OLED装置的有机电致发光材料的基质材料时,具有良好发光效率及优异的寿命特性,因此其可用于制造具有非常优越操作寿命的OLED。
具体实施方式
本发明进一步说明关于本发明的有机电致发光化合物、该化合物的制备方法、以及使用该化合物的装置的发光性质。然而,下列具体实例仅用于例示,而非意旨以任何形式限制本发明的范围。
[制备例1]化合物1的制备
化合物A的制备
先将2,7-二溴-9,9-二甲基芴(150克(g),426毫摩尔(mmol))浸于RBF(3公升(L))并用氮气替换后,再加入THF(2.1L)。待该溶液冷却至-78℃,加入n-BuLi(170mL,2.5摩尔浓度(M)于己烷中,426mmol)再搅拌1小时。接着加入硼酸三甲酯(trimethylborate)(53mL,469mmol)并搅拌12小时。当以2M HC1完成该反应时,使用乙酸乙酯(EA)/水萃取出该混合物。以MgSO4去除水分并于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物A(70g,52%)。
化合物B的制备
将化合物A(70,220mmol)、2-碘硝基苯(50g,200mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(7g,6mmol)、Na2CO3(64g,600mmol)加至RBF。接着将甲苯(1L)、EtOH(0.5L)及水(0.3L)加至该混合物。并于90℃搅拌该反应混合物7.5小时。待以EA/水萃取后,以MgSO4去除剩余水分及于减压下进行蒸馏。通过使用氯甲烷(MC)作为展开剂(developing solvent)的二氧化硅过滤而得到粗制化合物B(90g)。未进行额外纯化下进行下一步反应。
化合物C的制备
将化合物B(90g)溶解于P(OEt)3(750mL)、1,2-二氯苯(750mL),并于150℃搅拌9小时。待以蒸馏水去除溶剂后,通过对所得液体柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物C(26g,36%,两步总产率)。
化合物D的制备
将氰尿酰氯(50g,91mmol)加入圆底烧瓶(RBF)内,且溶解于THF(1.3L),再冷却至0℃。接着将苯基溴化镁(225mL,3M的二乙醚溶液,675mmol)缓慢滴加于该溶液中。搅拌该反应溶液3小时并以EA/H2O萃取。以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过使用MC作为展开剂的二氧化硅过滤而得到粗制化合物D(37g,63%)。化合物D显示其纯度足以用于下一步反应。
化合物E的制备
在N2条件下,于RBF中加入DMF(40mL)及将NaH(1.9g,60%分散于矿物油中,50mmol)加入RBF并搅拌。接着将溶解于DMF(80mL)中的化合物C(12g,33mmol)的溶液缓慢滴加至该悬浮液。待搅拌该混合物l小时后,再将溶解于DMF(100mL)中的化合物D(10.6g,40mmol)的溶液缓慢滴加至该混合物。搅拌该反应混合物12小时。当以H2O完成该反应时,使用EA/H2O萃取该混合物并于减压下进行蒸馏。通过进行柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物E(12g,61%)。
化合物1的制备
将化合物E(6g,10mmol)、化合物F(3.2g,15.2mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(0.58g,0.5mmol)、以及K2CO3(4.7g,34mmol)加进RBF。接着将甲苯(50mL)、EtOH(25mL)及H20(17mL)加至该混合物。于90℃搅拌该反应混合物12小时并以EA/H2O萃取。待以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过进行柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)得到化合物1(4g,57%)。
[制备例2]化合物6的制备
化合物A的制备
先将2,7-二溴-9,9-二甲基芴(150g,426mmol)加入RBF(3L)中并进行氮气替换。将THF(2.1L)加入此溶液并冷却该溶液至-78℃。加入n-BuLi(170mL,2.5M于己烷,426mmol)至该溶液后,再搅拌该混合物1小时。加入硼酸三甲酯(53mL,469mmol)后,反应混合物搅拌12小时。当以2M HC1完成该反应时,使用EA/H2O萃取该反应混合物。以MgSO4去除水分并于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过进行柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物A(70g,52%)。
化合物B的制备
将化合物A(70g,220mmol)、2-碘硝基苯(50g,200mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(7g,6mmol)、Na2CO3(64g,600mmol)加入RBF中。接着将甲苯(1L)、EtOH(0.5L)及H2O(0.3L)加入该混合物中。于90℃搅拌该反应混合物7.5小时并以EA/H2O萃取。以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过使用MC作为展开剂的二氧化硅过滤而得到粗制化合物B(90g)。在未额外纯化下,进行下步反应。
化合物C的制备
将化合物B(90g)溶解于P(OEt)3(750mL)、1,2-二氯苯(750mL)。于150℃搅拌该混合物9小时,并以蒸馏水去除溶剂。通过对所制造的红色液体进行柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=l:10)得到化合物C(26g,36%,两步总产率)。
化合物G的制备
将2,4,6-三氯嘧啶(16.8g,91mmol)、苯硼酸(24.4g,200mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(5.3g,4.6mmol)、以及Na2CO3(29g,273mmol)加入RBF中。接着将甲苯(350mL)、EtOH(100mL)及H2O(150mL)加入该混合物。于80℃搅拌该反应混合物3小时并以EA/H2O萃取。以MgSO4去除水分并于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物G(14g,58%)。
化合物H的制备
在N2的条件下于RBF中加入DMF(40mL)并将NaH(1.97g,60%分散于矿物油中,49.3mmol)加入RBF并搅拌。接着将溶解于DMF(80mL)中的化合物C(11.9g,32.8mmol)的溶液缓慢滴加入该悬浮液。搅拌该混合物约1小时。将溶解于DMF(100mL)中的化合物G(10.5g,39.4mmol)的溶液缓慢滴加入该混合物,并搅拌该反应混合物12小时。当以H2O完成该反应时,使用EA/H2O萃取该混合物并于减压下进行蒸馏。通过柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物H(10g,51%)。
化合物6的制备
将化合物H(5g,8.4mmol)、化合物F(2.7,13mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(0.5g,0.4mmol)、以及K2CO3(4g,29mmol)加入RBF。接着将甲苯(40mL)、EtOH(230mL)及H2O(14mL)加入其中。于90℃搅拌该反应混合物12小时并以EA/H2O萃取。待以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物1(4g,68%)。
[制备例3]化合物7的制备
化合物A的制备
先将2,7-二溴-9,9-甲基芴(150g,426mmol)加入RBF(3L)中并用氮气替换后。再将THF(2.1L)加至该溶液,并将该溶液冷却至-78℃。加入n-BuLi(170mL,2.5M于己烷中,426mmol)后,再搅拌该混合物1小时。加入硼酸三甲酯(53mL,469mmol)后,并搅拌该混合物12小时。当以2M HC1完成该反应时,使用EA/H2O萃取出该混合物。以MgSO4去除水分并于减压下进行蒸馏,通过柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物A(70g,52%)。
化合物B的制备
将化合物A(70g,220mmol)、2-碘硝基苯(50g,200mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(7g,6mmol)、Na2CO3(64g,600mmol)加入RBF中。接着将甲苯(1L)、EtOH(0.5L)及H2O(0.3L)加入其中。于90℃搅拌该反应混合物7.5小时并以EA/H20萃取。以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过使用MC作为展开剂的二氧化硅过滤而得到粗制化合物B(90g)。在未额外纯化下,进行下一步反应。
化合物C的制备
将化合物B(90g)溶解于P(OEt)3(750mL)、1,2-二氯苯(750mL)。于150℃搅拌该混合物9小时并以蒸馏水去除溶剂。通过对所制造的红色液体进行柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物C(26g,36%,两步总产率)。
化合物D的制备
将氰尿酰氯(50g,91mmol)加入RBF中,且溶解于THF(1.3L),再冷却至0℃。接着将苯基溴化镁(225mL,3M的二乙醚溶液,675mmol)缓慢滴加入该溶液。搅拌该反应溶液3小时并以EA/H2O萃取。以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过使用MC作为展开剂的二氧化硅过滤而得到粗制化合物D(37g,63%)。化合物D显示其纯度足以用于下一步反应。
化合物E的制备
在N2的条件下,于RBF中加入DMF(40mL)以及NaH(1.9g,60%分散于矿物油中,50mL)加至RBF并搅拌。接着将溶解于DMF(80mL)中的化合物C(12g,33mmol)的溶液缓慢滴加于该悬浮液中。待搅拌该混合物1小时后,再将溶解于DMF(100mL)中的化合物D(10.6g,40mmol)的溶液缓慢滴加于该混合物中。搅拌该反应混合物12小时。当以H2O完成该反应时,使用EA/H2O萃取该混合物并于减压下进行蒸馏。通过柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物E(12g,61%)。
化合物7的制备
将化合物E(6g,10mmol)、化合物I(3.2g,15.2mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(0.58g,0.5mmol)、以及Na2CO3(2.1g,20mmol)加入RBF中。接着将甲苯(60mL)、EtOH(30mL)及H2O(10mL)加入其中。于90℃搅拌该反应混合物12小时并以EA/H2O萃取。待以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)得到化合物7(3.4g,49%)。
[制备例4]化合物8的制备
化合物A的制备
先将2,7-二溴-9,9-二甲基芴(150g,426mmol)浸入RBF(3L)中并进行氮气替换,再加入THF(2.1L)。待冷却该溶液至-78℃,加入n-BuLi(170mL,2.5M于己烷,426mmol),并搅拌该混合物1小时。加入硼酸三甲酯(53mL,469mmol)并搅拌12小时。当以2M HC1完成该反应时,使用乙酸乙酯(EA)/H20萃取该混合物。以MgS04去除水分并于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过对所制得的固体进行管柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物A(70g,52%)。
化合物B的制备
将化合物A(70g,220mmol)、2-碘硝基苯(50g,200mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(7g,6mmol)、以及Na2CO3(64g,600mmol)加入RBF中。接着将甲苯(1L)、EtOH(0.5L)及H2O(0.3L)加入其中。于90℃搅拌该反应混合物7.5小时并以EA/H2O萃取。以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过使用MC作为展开剂的二氧化硅过滤而得到粗制化合物B(90g)。在未额外纯化下,进行下一步反应。
化合物C的制备
将化合物B(90g)溶解于P(OEt)3(750mL)、l,2-二氯苯(750mL)。于150℃搅拌该混合物9小时,并以蒸馏水去除溶剂。通过对所制造的红色液体进行柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物C(26g,36%,两步总产率)。
化合物G的制备
将2,4,6-三氯嘧啶(16.8g,91mmol)、苯硼酸(24.4g,200mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(5.3g,4.6mmol)、以及Na2CO3(29g,273mmol)加入RBF中。接着将甲苯(350mL)、EtOH(100mL)及H2O(150mL)加入该混合物。于80℃搅拌该反应混合物3小时并以EA/H2O萃取。以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物G(14g,58%)。
化合物H的制备
在N2的条件下,于RBF中加入DMF(40mL)以及NaH(1.97g,60%分散于矿物油中,49.3mmol)加入RBF并搅拌。接着将溶解于DMF(80mL)中的化合物C(11.9g,32.8mmol)的溶液缓慢滴加于该悬浮液中。搅拌该混合物约1小时。将溶解于DMF(100mL)的化合物G(10.5g,39.4mmol)的溶液缓慢滴加于该混合物中,并搅拌该反应混合物12小时。当以H2O完成该反应时,使用EA/H2O萃取该混合物并于减压下进行蒸馏。通过管柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物H(10g,51%)。
化合物8的制备
将化合物H(5g,8.4mmol)、化合物I(2.7g,13mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(0.5g,0.4mmol)、以及Na2CO3(1.8g,17mmol)加入RBF中。接着将甲苯(60mL)、EtOH(30m)及H2O(10mL)加入其中。于90℃搅拌该反应混合物12小时并以EA/H2O萃取。待以MgSO4去除水分及于减压下进行蒸馏后,通过柱分离(条件为MC:己烷=1:10)而得到化合物8(3.6g,62%)。
根据制备例1至4的步骤制备了有机电致发光化合物。表1列述如是所制备的电致发光化合物的1H NMR及MS/FAB数据。
表1
[实施例1]使用本发明的有机电致发光化合物的OLED装置的制造
使用本发明的有机电致发光材料制造了OLED装置。首先,使用超声波依序以三氯乙烯、丙酮、乙醇及蒸馏水洗涤由OLED(Samsung Corning制造)用玻璃所得的透明电极ITO薄膜(15Ω/□),并储存于异丙醇中备用。
然后,将ITO基板装配于真空气相沉积装置的基板夹中,且将4,4’,4”-三(N,N-(2-萘基)-苯基胺基)三苯胺(2-TNATA)置于该真空气相沉积装置的一小室(cell)中,接着将该小室抽10-6托(torr)真空。随后,对该小室施加电流以蒸发2-TNATA,进而在该ITO基板上形成厚度为60纳米(nm)的空穴注入层。接着,将N,N’-双(α-萘基)-N,N’-二苯基-4,4’-二胺(NPB)置于该真空气相沉积装置的另一小室中;对该小室施加电流以蒸发NPB,进而于该空穴注入层上形成厚度为20nm的空穴传输层。
形成空穴注入层及空穴传输层之后,如下述般于其上形成电致发光层。将化合物1置于真空气相沉积装置的一小室中作为基质,且将Ir(ppy)3[三(2-苯吡啶)铱]置于另一小室中作为掺杂剂。以不同速率蒸发此两种材料,而使得通过以4至10重量%掺杂于空穴传输层上气相沉积厚度为30nm的电致发光层。
随后,于电致发光层上气相沉积厚度为20nm的三(8-羟基喹啉)铝(III)(Alq)以作为电子传输层。接着,待将气相沉积厚度为lnm至2nm的具下述结构的8-羟基喹啉锂(lithium quinolate,Liq)作为电子注入层后,再使用另一真空气相沉积装置来形成厚度为150nm的铝阴极,以制造出OLED。
用于OLED的各化合物皆已于10-6torr下通过真空升华法而纯化。因此,已验证于6.3伏特(V)时,有4.3毫安培/平方厘米(mA/cm2)的电流流通且发射出1310烛光/平方米(cd/m2)的绿光。
[实施例2]
以实施例1之相同方法制造OLED装置,除了改加入化合物6作为电致发光层基质材料以外。
因此,已验证于6.6V时,有4.3mA/cm2的电流流通且发射出1220cd/m2的绿光。
[实施例3]
以实施例1之相同方法制造OLED装置,除了改加入化合物10作为电致发光层之基质材料以外
因此,已验证于6.4V时,有4.1mA/cm2的电流流通且发射出1150cd/m2的绿光。
[比较实施例1]使用传统有机电致发光化合物的OLED装置的制造
以实施例1之相同方法制造的OLED装置,除了于形成空穴注入层及空穴传输层(使用与实施例[1]之相同方法)后,使用双(2-甲基-8-羟基喹啉基)(对-苯基酚)铝(III)(BAlq)替代本发明的有机电致发光化合物作为该真空沉积装置的另一小室中的电致发光基质材料。以实施例1之相同方法制造了OLED装置,除了使用4,4’-双(咔唑-9-基)联基(CBP)替代本发明的化合物作为电致发光层上的基质材料,并使用双(2-甲基-羟基8-喹啉基)(对-苯基-酚)铝(III)(BAlq)作为空穴阻挡层。
因此,已验证于7.5V时,有3.9mA/cm2的电流流通且发射出1000cd/m2的绿光。
本发明的有机电致发光化合物具有优于传统材料的性质。此外,使用本发明的有机电致发光化合物作为基质材料的装置具有优越的电致发光性质且使驱动电压降低0.9至1.2V,因而提升功率效率及改善电力耗损。
Claims (9)
1.一种化学式l所表示的有机电致发光化合物:
化学式1
化学式2
X表示-O-或-S-;Y表示-S-、-C(R1)(R2)-、-Si(R3)(R4)-、-N(R5)-或选自下列结构的二价基;
Ar1至Ar5及R1至R5独立地表示氢、氘、(Cl-C30)烷基、卤(Cl-C30)烷基、卤素、氰基、(C3-C30)环烷基、5至7元杂环烷基、(C2-C30)烯基、(C2-C30)炔基、(C6-C30)芳基、(Cl-C30)烷氧基、(C6-C30)芳氧基、(C3-C30)杂芳基、(C6-C30)芳基(Cl-C30)烷基、(C6-C30)芳硫基、单或二(Cl-C30)烷胺基、单或二(C6-C30)芳基胺基、三(Cl-C30)烷基甲硅烷基、二(Cl-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、三(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、硝基或羟基、或者它们中的每一个通过具有或不具有稠合的(C3-C30)亚烷基或(C3-C30)亚烯基键联至相邻取代基以形成脂环族环、单环或多环的芳香环、或单环或多环的杂芳环;
Ar1至Ar5及R1至R5的烷基、环烷基、杂环烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基及杂芳基中的每一个可进一步经一个或多个取代基取代,所述取代基选自氘、(Cl-C30)烷基、卤(Cl-C30)烷基、卤素、氰基、(C3-C30)环烷基、5至7元杂环烷基、(C2-C30)烯基、(C2-C30)炔基、(C6-C30)芳基、(Cl-C30)烷氧基、(C6-C30)芳氧基、(C3-C30)杂芳基、具有(Cl-C30)烷基取代基的(C3-C30)杂芳基、具有(C6-C30)芳基取代基的(C3-C30)杂芳基、(C6-C30)芳基(Cl-C30)烷基、(C6-C30)芳硫基、单或二(Cl-C30)烷胺基、单或二(C6-C30)芳基胺基、三(Cl-C30)烷基甲硅烷基、二(Cl-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、三(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基、硝基或羟基:
L1至L3独立地表示化学键或选自(C6-C30)亚芳基、(C3-C30)亚杂芳基、二(Cl-C30)烷基甲硅烷基或二(C6-C30)芳基甲硅烷基的二价基;且
该杂环烷基、杂芳基及杂芳环可含有一个或多个选自B、N、O及S的杂原子。
4.一种包括权利要求1至3中任一项所述的有机电致发光化合物的有机电致发光装置。
5.如权利要求4所述的有机电致发光装置,其包括第一电极;第二电极;以及一层或多层置于该第一电极与该第二电极之间的有机层:其中该有机层包括一种或多种有机电致发光化合物及一种或多种磷光掺杂剂。
6.如权利要求5所述的有机电致发光装置,其特征在于该有机层进一步包括一种或多种选自芳基胺化合物及苯乙烯基芳基胺化合物的胺化合物。
7.如权利要求5所述的有机电致发光装置,其特征在于该有机层进一步包括一种或多种选自元素周期表第1族有机金属、第2族、第4周期与第5周期的过渡金属、镧系金属及d-过渡金属的金属或络合物。
8.如权利要求5所述的有机电致发光装置,其特征在于该有机层包括电致发光层及电荷产生层。
9.如权利要求5所述的有机电致发光装置,其为发射白光的有机电致发光装置,其中该有机层进一步包括一层或多层发射蓝光、红光或绿光的有机电致发光层。
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