CN102795934A - Method and device for manufacturing microbial compound fertilizers - Google Patents
Method and device for manufacturing microbial compound fertilizers Download PDFInfo
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- CN102795934A CN102795934A CN201210313134XA CN201210313134A CN102795934A CN 102795934 A CN102795934 A CN 102795934A CN 201210313134X A CN201210313134X A CN 201210313134XA CN 201210313134 A CN201210313134 A CN 201210313134A CN 102795934 A CN102795934 A CN 102795934A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing microbial compound fertilizers, which comprises the steps of 1) cultivating the original strain to obtain compound microbial inoculum and mixing the compound microbial inoculum, a nutrient component and a strain carrier uniformly in proportion to prepare slurry, 2) mixing the rest raw materials in proportion, granulating, drying, cooling and then grading to obtain a compound granulated fertilizer, and 3) sprinkling the slurry into the compound granulated fertilizer for inoculation, drying at a low temperature, cooling, measuring and packaging to obtain the microbial compound fertilizer. The invention further provides a device for implementing the manufacturing method of the microbial compound fertilizer, which is composed of a compound granulation device and a slurrying inoculation device that are connected with each other by a conveyer belt. The manufacturing method and the device have the advantages that the microbial compound fertilizer produced by the method is high in content of total effective viable bacteria, high in strain activity, long in fertilizer efficiency period and good in economic benefit, has a function of a slow-release fertilizer, and can improve the soil and environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the microbial fertilizer preparation, specifically is a kind of mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture and device thereof.
Background technology
In recent years,, expended a large amount of non-renewable resources, and destroyed Soil structure, polluted environment, reduced quality of agricultural product, influenced human beings'health existence owing to chemical fertilizer, the unreasonable of agricultural chemicals are used.
And microbial fertilizer is as chemical fertilizer, the outer important source of manure of another agriculture prodn of organic fertilizer; Following advantage is arranged: 1) crop alimentary can be provided; Can inorganic elements be converted into the organic cpds of useful plants growth; Nutrient efficiency of resource in nitrogen or the soil has reduced production cost in the raising air; 2) lower nitrogen deoxidation and oxidising process, reduce nitrate content, thereby improve crop quality, raising crop yield; 3) can improve redox of soil condition, decompose the pollutent of eliminating in the soil, improve the physics and chemistry property of soil to a certain extent, play the effect of soil remediation, reduce environmental pollution.Therefore, see that non-pollution microbial fertilizer material free from environmental pollution will play a significant role in the future of agriculture production from the development trend of green agriculture, the ecological agriculture.Existing a plurality of in the world countries produce, using microbe fertilizer, and China also has 300 many enterprises to carry out microbial fertilizer production, and the average annual about few hundred thousand tonnes of of output, the area of its application have surpassed 1,670,000 sq-kms.
The existing microbial fertilizer of China is the basis mostly with the organic matter, is equipped with microbial inoculum and inorganic fertilizer, mixes.A kind of good microbial fertilizer all has strict requirement at aspects such as living bacteria count, water cut, pH value, absorbent particles fineness, organic content, assorted bacterium rate and effective preservation perives; Wherein, Beneficial microorganism quantity that contains and the vigorous degree of vital movement are the keys of microbial fertilizer quality, also are the key factors that influences its effect.
Chinese Government to research and development, the quality product of microbial fertilizer, apply and pay much attention to, carry out the production permit system and by Ministry of Agriculture's audit and provide.Development along with microbial fertilizer; No production licence has appearred in the minority place, production technique falls behind, uses phenomenons such as the bacterial classification that is not tested and appraised is produced, low, the assorted bacterium of effective bacterial content exceeds standard; Also some producer adds chemical fertilizer or other additive of underexercise in microbial fertilizer; Make that nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium content of chemical fertilizer in the fertilizer is too high to cause effective bacterium dead, and lose the effect of microbial fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiencies such as backward to the technology that exists in the microbial fertilizer production, that the effective bacterial content of product is low, assorted bacterium exceeds standard, a kind of mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture and device thereof are provided.
Mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture provided by the invention, concrete steps are following:
1) cultivates original strain and obtain composite fungus agent,, add water and process slip composite fungus agent, nutritive ingredient, bacterial classification carrier ratio mixing in 1:5:100;
2) by all the other raw materials of mikrobe compound fertilizer formula mixed, granulation, oven dry cooling back classification obtains the compound granulated fertilizer;
3) slip that step 1) is made is sprayed at step 2) to inoculate in the described compound granulated fertilizer, oven drying at low temperature, cooling, metering packing obtain the mikrobe composite fertilizer.
Wherein, the said cultivation original strain of step 1) obtains composite fungus agent, comprises the steps:
A prepares bacterium and mixes spore powder: each primitive bacteria bacterial classification after carrying out slant culture, shaking table cultivation, fermentor cultivation under the aseptic condition respectively successively, by the formula rate mixing, is prepared into the fermented liquid that obtains bacterium through concentrate drying and mixes spore powder;
B prepares the fungal spore powder: original fungi strain is being carried out under the aseptic condition after slant culture, shaking table cultivation, fermentor cultivation, solid fermentation produce spore successively; Produced the substratum of spore fully; Be immersed in and process fungal spore suspension-s in the clear water, concentrate drying is prepared into the fungal spore powder;
The bacterium that c makes step a, b mixes spore powder and the fungal spore powder obtains composite fungus agent by the formula rate mixing.
Wherein, the described nutritive ingredient of step 1) prepares in following method: with white sugar, brown sugar, starch, protein powder, with the mineral element of amino acid and/or the humic acids chelating ratio mixing in 1:2.8:5:1:0.2, make nutritive ingredient; Said mineral element is iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and molybdenum.
Wherein, the said bacterial classification carrier of step 1) is wilkinite, sepiolite and humic acids, pulverize separately, crosses 200 mesh sieves, makes in the ratio mixing of 1:1:2.
For different mikrobe composite fertilizer products, bacterial classification kind, the quantity of used composite fungus agent during the preparation slip, and raw materials such as bacterial classification carrier and nutritive ingredient can be done corresponding adjustment by its prescription.
Wherein, the temperature of the said slip of step 1) is controlled at 35-40 ℃, and water cut is controlled at 25-30%.
Wherein, step 2) said granulation, require uniform particles, correlation technique index National standard or the Ministry of Agriculture's industry standard prepared.
Wherein, its flow is controlled in the said sprinkling of step 3), to guarantee that living bacteria count, total nutrient and organic content in the finished product mikrobe composite fertilizer is equal to or greater than relevant criterion and is as the criterion.
Wherein, the said oven drying at low temperature of step 3), temperature is 55-60 ℃, wind-force is 8.0-10.7m/s.
The present invention also provides the mikrobe composite fertilizer manufacturing installation of using mentioned microorganism composite fertilizer method of manufacture, is made up of compound prilling granulator and slurrying classification inoculation apparatus, and both connect with conveying belt.
The compound prilling granulator mainly is made up of stirrer, tablets press, dryer and cooler, is connected with conveying belt successively.
Wherein, also can establish kibbler and sieving machine before the stirrer, also can establish sizing screen behind the cooler, be connected with conveying belt.
The slurrying classification inoculation apparatus mainly is made up of pulping tank, slurry can, spray pump, cylinder vortex mixer, oven drying at low temperature equipment; Slip is put to slurry can through the bleed valve of pulping tank bottom; The slurry can bottom connects spray pump; The spout of spray pump is suspended in the top in the cylinder vortex mixer, and the cylinder vortex mixer upper reaches link to each other with the compound prilling granulator through conveying belt, and downstream connect oven drying at low temperature equipment through conveying belt.
Wherein, also can connect cooler, wrapping machine after the oven drying at low temperature equipment.
Wherein, be respectively equipped with whisking appliance in the jar of pulping tank, slurry can, outer wall is equipped with chuck, and outer wall materials is a corrosion resistant material, preferred enamel.
Wherein, the pulping tank bottom drain valve just is equipped with filter screen, gets into slurry can to avoid the caking in the slip.
Wherein, the spray pump spray pressure can be regulated voluntarily, preferably vertically is contained in cylinder vortex mixer top, its two equidistant openings of difference in below several.
The working process of said apparatus is following:
With composite fungus agent, nutritive ingredient, the bacterial classification carrier pulping tank of packing in proportion, feed steam in the pulping tank outer wall chuck and heat, temperature in the pulping tank is controlled at 35-40 ° of C, add water and process slip; Open the bleed valve of pulping tank bottom, the slip that makes is put to slurry can, also feed steam in the slurry can outer wall chuck and heat, temperature in the slurry can is controlled at 35-40 ° of C.
Simultaneously; In mikrobe compound fertilizer formula ratio all the other raw materials kibbler of packing into is pulverized; Raw material after the pulverizing is transported to stirrer, tablets press, dryer, cooler and sizing screen successively through conveying belt; Successively carry out mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, classification, obtain the compound granulated fertilizer, be transported in the cylinder vortex mixer.
The spray pump that is connected the slurry can bottom is sprayed onto slip on the compound granulated fertilizer in the cylinder vortex mixer; Carry out the mixing inoculation; Deliver to (temperature 55-60 ℃ of oven drying at low temperature equipment successively through conveying belt again; Wind-force 8.0-10.7m/s) and cooling system carry out oven drying at low temperature and cooling, detect at last and metering packing, obtain the mikrobe composite fertilizer.
The advantage of mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture provided by the invention is following:
1, in traditional mikrobe composite fertilizer manufacturing processed; Generally behind bacterial classification inoculation, carry out granulating and forming, oven dry; Caused the activity of microbial strains to reduce even mass mortality, the present invention has been placed on seeded process after the granulating and forming, has avoided the active forfeiture of microbial strains to a great extent.
2, the temperature of the strict control of the present invention slip is 35-40 ℃, and water cut is 25-30%, is suitable for the microbial strains growth and breeding, guarantees microorganism active.The product that adopts the present invention to produce, total living bacteria count content is big, and bacterial activity is high.
3, bacterial classification carrier of the present invention is wilkinite, sepiolite and humic acids, and complexing ammonium ion, phosphate anion and potassium ion etc. prevent that the leaching of available nutrient runs off preferably, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, prolong fertilizer efficiency period.
4, the present invention processes slip with useful microbe bacterial classification and bacterial classification carrier and nutritive ingredient, is sprayed on the compound granulated fertilizer of granulating and forming to inoculate, and has formed the coating layer of fertiliser granulates naturally, has slow (control) concurrently and releases fertile function.
5, adopt hyperthermia drying in traditional mikrobe composite fertilizer manufacturing processed usually; This can make microorganism active reduce even be dead; The present invention adopts the mode of oven drying at low temperature, and temperature should be controlled at 55-60 ℃, and wind control is at 8.0-10.7m/s; Can accomplish drying course, and avoid the microorganism deactivated and death under the hot environment.
6, adopt the present invention can produce all kinds, various ratio and total effectively bacterium number, total nutrient content, mikrobe composite fertilizer that organic content is different; As long as bacterial classification kind, the quantity of the composite fungus agent that simple adjustment is used, and the ratio of bacterial classification carrier, nutritive ingredient and other raw material gets final product.
7, processing condition of the present invention are more gentle, and are easy to implement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the slurrying classification inoculation apparatus structural representation of mikrobe composite fertilizer manufacturing installation of the present invention.
Wherein, 1: gauger, 2: stirrer, 3: bucket elevator, 4: pulping tank, 5: slurry can, 6: spray pump, 7: cylinder vortex mixer, 8: oven drying at low temperature equipment, 9: cooling system.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to explain the present invention, but are not used for limiting scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 mikrobe composite fertilizer manufacturing installation according to the invention
The device that is applied to the manufacturing of mikrobe composite fertilizer is made up of compound prilling granulator and slurrying classification inoculation apparatus (as shown in Figure 1), and both connect with conveying belt.
Pulping raw material takes by weighing the back with gauger 1 and in stirrer 2, stirs, and batching is sent into the pulping tank 4 of slurrying classification inoculation apparatus with bucket elevator 3.
The slurrying classification inoculation apparatus is made up of pulping tank 4, slurry can 5, spray pump 6, cylinder vortex mixer 7, oven drying at low temperature equipment 8 and cooling system 9; Slip is put to slurry can 5 through the bleed valve of pulping tank 4 bottoms; Slurry can 5 bottoms connect spray pump 6; The top of the spout of spray pump 6 in cylinder vortex mixer 7, cylinder vortex mixer 7 upper reaches link to each other with the compound prilling granulator through conveying belt, and downstream connect oven drying at low temperature equipment 8 and cooling system 9 successively through conveying belt.
Be respectively equipped with whisking appliance in the jar of pulping tank 4, slurry can 5, outer wall is equipped with chuck, can charge into steam, and outer wall materials is an enamel.Pulping tank 4 bottom drain valve just are equipped with filter screen, get into slurry can to avoid the caking in the slip.
Spray pump 5 spray pressures can be regulated voluntarily, vertically are contained in the top in the cylinder vortex mixer 7, and long 1.8 meters, 17 of its two equidistant openings of difference in below, 3 millimeters of bores.
The compound prilling granulator comprises kibbler, sieving machine, stirrer, tablets press, dryer, cooler and sizing screen, is connected with conveying belt successively, and downstream connect cylinder vortex mixer 7.
Embodiment 2 produces the mikrobe composite fertilizer according to method of the present invention
Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus megaterium, silicate bacteria are cultivated into spore powder respectively; Proportionally mix spore powder and obtain composite fungus agent; Composite fungus agent, nutritive ingredient, bacterial classification carrier are added water in the ratio of the 1:5:100 pulping tank of packing into, and making the mixtures of materials water cut is 25-30%, in pulping tank outer wall chuck, feeds steam and heats; Temperature in the pulping tank is controlled at 35-40 ℃, stirs material with whisking appliance and process slip; Open the bleed valve of pulping tank bottom, the slip that makes is put to slurry can through filtering net, also feeds steam in the slurry can outer wall chuck and heats, and temperature in the slurry can is controlled at 35-40 ℃, stirs slip with whisking appliance.
Simultaneously, take by weighing an ammonium nitrate 8.4kg, monoammonium phosphate 7kg, diammonium phosphate 16.5kg, vitriolate of tartar 10kg, saltpetre 11kg, Repone K 2kg, borax 1kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, sal epsom 1kg.Other adds humic acids 10kg, the sepiolite 32kg of organic content more than 65%.Control nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio wherein is 8:11:11, and total nutrient is more than or equal to 30%.With the above-mentioned raw materials stirrer of packing into, add water (amount of water is controlled to be the material hand and pinches agglomeratingly, lands and promptly looses) mixing; Transport to tablets press, dryer and cooler through travelling belt successively; Successively carry out granulation, oven dry, cooling, obtain the compound granulated fertilizer, be transported in the cylinder vortex mixer.
Spray pump is sprayed onto slip on the compound granulated fertilizer in the cylinder vortex mixer; Carry out the mixing inoculation; Control slip flow; Make that the bacterial classification viable count reaches following technical indicator respectively in the product: Bacillus licheniformis 100,000,000 cfu/g, bacillus laterosporus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g, bacillus pumilus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g, bacillus megaterium 200,000,000 cfu/g, silicate bacteria 100,000,000 cfu/g, total living bacteria count >=500,000,000 cfu/g.
To inoculate back compound granulated fertilizer and deliver to oven drying at low temperature equipment (temperature 55-60 ℃, wind-force 8.0-10.7m/s) successively through conveying belt, the cooling back is detected and metering packing, obtains the mikrobe composite fertilizer.
Through detecting total living bacteria count content >=500,000,000 cfu/g of this mikrobe composite fertilizer, organic >=5%, total nutrient >=30%.
Embodiment 3 produces the mikrobe composite fertilizer according to method of the present invention
Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus megaterium, silicate bacteria are cultivated into spore powder respectively; Proportionally mix spore powder and obtain composite fungus agent; Composite fungus agent, nutritive ingredient, bacterial classification carrier are added water in the ratio of the 1:5:100 pulping tank of packing into, and making the mixtures of materials water cut is 25-30%, in pulping tank outer wall chuck, feeds steam and heats; Temperature in the pulping tank is controlled at 35-40 ℃, stirs material with whisking appliance and process slip; Open the bleed valve of pulping tank bottom, the slip that makes is put to slurry can through filtering net, also feeds steam in the slurry can outer wall chuck and heats, and temperature in the slurry can is controlled at 35-40 ℃, stirs slip with whisking appliance.
Simultaneously, take by weighing urea 12.5kg, monoammonium phosphate 11.5kg, superphosphate of lime 0.5kg, ammonium chloride 20kg, Repone K 13.5kg, borax 0.5kg, zinc sulfate 0.5kg.Other adds humic acids 20kg, organic content the agricultural crop straw 21kg that become thoroughly decomposed 40% or more of organic content more than 65%, and nitrogen wherein, phosphorus, potassium ratio are 12:5:8, and total nutrient is more than or equal to 25%, and is organic more than or equal to 20%.
With the above-mentioned raw materials stirrer of packing into, add water (amount of water is controlled to be the material hand and pinches agglomeratingly, lands and promptly looses) mixing; Transport to tablets press, dryer and cooler through travelling belt successively; Successively carry out granulation, oven dry, cooling, obtain the compound granulated fertilizer, be transported in the cylinder vortex mixer.
Spray pump is sprayed onto slip on the compound granulated fertilizer in the cylinder vortex mixer; Carry out the mixing inoculation; Control slip flow; Make that the bacterial classification viable count reaches following technical indicator respectively in the product: Bacillus licheniformis 100,000,000 cfu/g, bacillus laterosporus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g, bacillus pumilus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g, bacillus megaterium 200,000,000 cfu/g, silicate bacteria 100,000,000 cfu/g, total living bacteria count >=500,000,000 cfu/g
To inoculate back compound granulated fertilizer and deliver to oven drying at low temperature equipment (temperature 55-60 ℃, wind-force 8.0-10.7m/s) successively through conveying belt, the cooling back is detected and metering packing, obtains the mikrobe composite fertilizer.
Through detecting total living bacteria count content >=500,000,000 cfu/g of this mikrobe composite fertilizer, organic >=20%, total nutrient >=25%.
Embodiment 4 produces the mikrobe composite fertilizer according to method of the present invention
Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus megaterium, silicate bacteria are cultivated into spore powder respectively; Proportionally mix spore powder and obtain composite fungus agent; Composite fungus agent, nutritive ingredient, bacterial classification carrier are added water in the ratio of the 1:5:100 pulping tank of packing into; Making the mixtures of materials water cut is 25-30%, in pulping tank outer wall chuck, feeds steam and heats, and temperature in the pulping tank is controlled at 35-40 ℃ stirs material with whisking appliance and process slip; Open the bleed valve of pulping tank bottom, the slip that makes is put to slurry can through filtering net, also feeds steam in the slurry can outer wall chuck and heats, and temperature in the slurry can is controlled at 35-40 ℃, stirs slip with whisking appliance.
Simultaneously; Take by weighing monoammonium phosphate 10kg, organic content humic acids 50kg, the agricultural crop straw 15kg that become thoroughly decomposed, sepiolite 10kg, the wilkinite 15kg of organic content more than 40% more than 65%; Nitrogen wherein, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient are more than or equal to 8%, and be organic more than or equal to 40%.
With the above-mentioned raw materials stirrer of packing into, add water (the amount of water standard: the material hand is pinched agglomerating, lands and promptly looses) mixing; Transport to tablets press, dryer and cooler through travelling belt successively; Successively carry out granulation, oven dry, cooling, obtain the compound granulated fertilizer, be transported in the cylinder vortex mixer.
Spray pump is sprayed onto slip on the compound granulated fertilizer in the cylinder vortex mixer; Carry out the mixing inoculation; Control slip flow; Make that the bacterial classification viable count reaches following technical indicator respectively in the product: Bacillus licheniformis 100,000,000 cfu/g, bacillus laterosporus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g, bacillus pumilus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g, bacillus megaterium 200,000,000 cfu/g, silicate bacteria 100,000,000 cfu/g, total living bacteria count >=500,000,000 cfu/g.
To inoculate back compound granulated fertilizer and deliver to oven drying at low temperature equipment (temperature 55-60 ℃, wind-force 8.0-10.7m/s) successively through conveying belt, the cooling back is detected and metering packing, obtains the mikrobe composite fertilizer.
Through detecting total living bacteria count content >=500,000,000 of this mikrobe composite fertilizer/gram, organic >=40%, total nutrient >=8%.
The mikrobe composite fertilizer application effect that embodiment 5 produces according to method of the present invention
For verifying the effect of the mikrobe composite fertilizer that method of the present invention is produced, mix oily No. 188 (seed is planted grain and oil seeds company already available from the inferior China in Hunan) in plantation rape variety Hunan in the farmland covered by contract of hair members of a family village, hair town, Jianli County Soviet Union fame and prestige, carries out following processing:
The test site is provided with 4 processing, repeats for 3 times, and totally 12 sub-districts, district's group is arranged at random, and the sub-district is a rectangle, area 33.3m
2The previous crops late rice, rape was sowed on September 20th, 2009, and October 22, individual plant was transplanted, and on April 30th, 2010 gathered in the crops.Seeding row spacing is 50cm * 25cm, and experimental field guard rows 1.5cm is wide all around.Mikrobe compound fertilizer formula that method of the present invention is produced and working method are referring to embodiment 4.
Handle 1: farmyard manure 15000 kg/ha are done the base manure row replacement;
Handle 2: mikrobe composite fertilizer 1500 kg/ha that method of the present invention is produced are done the base manure row replacement;
Handle 3: mikrobe composite fertilizer 1500 kg/ha that the method for the present invention after the deactivation is produced are done the base manure row replacement;
Handle 4: do the base manure row replacement with thin sand and soil 15000 kg/ha.
The fertile application of water average out to of physics and chemistry N165 kg/ha, P everywhere
2O
560 kg/ha, K
2O 90 kg/ha, borax 15 kg/ha; Used fertilizer is available from 46% Dongting Lake board urea, 60 Canadian Repone K, 12% clear river board peracid calcium phosphorus available from Jianli County, Hubei Province means of agricultural production service centre of bureau of agriculture, and other management are produced consistent with general rape field.
December 22, randomly draw each and handle 10 strain plant, measure the length of maximum leaf and wide; The maximum leaf mean length of rape of using the mikrobe composite fertilizer processing of method production of the present invention is 34.2cm; Width is 13.5cm, respectively than handling 1, handle 3, handling 4 the long 2.6cm of maximum leaf length, 3.3cm, 4.8cm, the long 0.4cm of maximum width of blade degree, 0.5cm, 0.8cm; And it is thick to handle 2 the green matter of the big look of leaf, and growth potential is strong.
Sampling species test result shows before the harvesting; Use the rape plant height 168cm of the mikrobe composite fertilizer of method production of the present invention; High 9-20cm than other processing; 6.9 of the once effective branches of individual plant are handled many 0.4-1.1 than other, and its individual plant angle fruit number, seed number per pod equal yield line factor structure all are superior to other processing (seeing table 1).
The different base manure of table 1 are learned the influence of proterties to brassinosteroid biosynthesis
The different base manure of table 2 are to the influence of yield of rape
The actual output of processing 2 is higher than handles 3, handles 1 and reaches level of signification, handles 4 and reaches utmost point level of signification (seeing table 2).
From cost-effectiveness comparison (not considering the benefit of improving the soil); Semen Brassicae campestris is by 4.2 yuan/kilogram of market purchase average prices; 1000 yuan of/ton meters of mikrobe composite fertilizer that 100 yuan/ton of farmyard manures, method of the present invention are produced; In this test, use the rape of the mikrobe composite fertilizer of method production of the present invention, realized increasing both production and income (seeing table 3).
The rape economic benefit that the different base manure of table 3 are handled relatively
In addition rape in breeding time virus disease, the oidium to different treatment carry out investigation records respectively; Investigation result shows; The sickness rate of handling 2 rape virus diseases has reduced by 35% than handling 4, and the sickness rate of oidium has reduced by 58% than handling 4, all reaches utmost point level of signification.
Above-mentioned test-results shows that the mikrobe composite fertilizer that adopts method of the present invention to produce has obvious facilitation and significant effect of increasing production to growing of rape.This mikrobe composite fertilizer is preserved a large amount of useful active bacterias, can near plant rhizosphere, grow surely after being manured into soil and breeding rapidly, has improved the microbiotic effective distribution and the environment of an activation; Improved ecological environment of soil, promoted that root system absorbs nutrient, the movable verivate of fungus strain can also directly stimulate the crop healthy growth simultaneously; Thereby reach the purpose that improves crop anti-adversity and product quality; Therefore, have the good production using value, be worth big area to be promoted.
The mikrobe composite fertilizer application effect that embodiment 6 produces according to method of the present invention
For verifying the effect of the mikrobe composite fertilizer that method of the present invention is produced, in the farmland covered by contract of the merit that continues, plant rape variety China Hunan oil in Bai Sheng village, Lixian County Meng Xi town No. 10 (seed is planted industry grain and oil seeds company available from the inferior China in Hunan), carry out following processing:
The test site is provided with 3 processing, repeats for 3 times, and totally 9 sub-districts, district's group is arranged at random, and the sub-district is a rectangle, area 33.3m
2The previous crops late rice, rape was sowed on September 11st, 2009, and October 15, individual plant was transplanted, and on March 18th, 2010 gathered in the crops, planting density 112500 strain/hectares, experimental field guard rows 1.5cm is wide all around.Common micro-organisms composite fertilizer is as a comparison selected commercial clean garden board biological organic fertilizer for use, and clean garden, Henan Province Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd produces.Mikrobe compound fertilizer formula that method of the present invention is produced and working method are referring to embodiment 4.
Handle 1: farmyard manure 15000 kg/ha are done the base manure row replacement;
Handle 2: common micro-organisms composite fertilizer 1500 kg/ha are done the base manure row replacement;
Handle 3: mikrobe composite fertilizer 1500 kg/ha that method of the present invention is produced are done the base manure row replacement.
Each field management measure of handling is consistent, and flower bud a kind of sedge phase imposes 25 kilograms/mu of composite fertilizers, and seedling phase, flower bud a kind of sedge phase respectively spray 0.2% boron fertilizer once, and full-bloom stage sprays 1000 times of liquid of 80% derosal and prevents and treats sclerotium disease, with apply fertilizer and agricultural chemicals available from Agricultural Materials Company.During investigation, average by five point samplings in every sub-district; During results, the single receipts in each sub-district, singles, list shine, calculate separately output.
To investigating and record through economic characters such as the rape plant height of different treatment, effective branch amount, thousand seed weight, the result sees table 4.Handling 3 compares with other contrasts; Economic characters are greatly improved; Compare with the processing of using the common micro-organisms composite fertilizer 2, the effective branch amount of plant height, individual plant of processing 3, individual plant effective angle fruit number, every seed number per pod and thousand seed weight have increased 1cm, 0.4,7.2,1.3 and 0.2g respectively; Compare with the processing of using farmyard manure 1, the effective branch amount of plant height, individual plant of processing 3, individual plant effective angle fruit number, every seed number per pod and thousand seed weight have increased 3cm, 1.1,25.7,1.7 and 0.3g respectively.This shows that the mikrobe composite fertilizer of using method production of the present invention can well improve the economic characters of rape.
The different base manure of table 4 are learned the influence of proterties to brassinosteroid biosynthesis
Each sub-district yield of rape to through different treatment is added up, and the result sees table 5.Use the mikrobe composite fertilizer (handling 3) of method production of the present invention than using farmyard manure (handling 1) raising the output 420 kg/ha, stimulation ratio is 16.1%; Than using common micro-organisms composite fertilizer (handling 2) raising the output 300 kg/ha, stimulation ratio reaches 10.9%.Significance of difference analysis through table 5, table 6 can know that the mikrobe composite fertilizer of using method production of the present invention can promote the rape high yield, and effect of increasing production is extremely remarkable.
The different base manure of table 5 are to the influence of yield of rape
Table 6 analysis of variance table
The table 7 different treatment cell production significance of difference is analyzed (LSD method)
From cost-effectiveness comparison (not considering the benefit of improving the soil); Semen Brassicae campestris is by 4.2 yuan/kilogram of market purchase average prices; 1000 yuan/ton of the mikrobe composite fertilizers that 100 yuan/ton of farmyard manures, method of the present invention are produced; 1200 yuan of/ton (purchasing valency in fact) meters of common micro-organisms composite fertilizer, in this test, the rape of using the mikrobe composite fertilizer of method production of the present invention increases net return than the processing of using farmyard manure 1 increases by 1764.0 yuan/hectare; Increase by 1560.0 yuan/hectare of net return than the processing of using the common micro-organisms composite fertilizer 2, concrete outcome is seen table 8.
The rape economic benefit that the different base manure of table 8 are handled relatively
The above results shows; The mikrobe composite fertilizer that adopts the present invention to produce is compared with traditional farmyard manure and common micro-organisms composite fertilizer; Can not only improve the economic characters of rape, strengthen anti-adversity abilities such as rape is resistant to lodging, disease and insect resistance, and can promote the rape high yield and high quality; Reach the purpose of increasing both production and income, on producing, have effect preferably.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from know-why of the present invention; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture, concrete steps are following:
1) cultivates original strain and obtain composite fungus agent,, add water and process slip composite fungus agent, nutritive ingredient, bacterial classification carrier ratio mixing in 1:5:100;
2) by all the other raw materials of mikrobe compound fertilizer formula mixed, granulation, oven dry cooling back classification obtains the compound granulated fertilizer;
3) slip that step 1) is made is sprayed at step 2) to inoculate in the described compound granulated fertilizer, oven drying at low temperature, cooling, metering packing obtain the mikrobe composite fertilizer.
2. mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said cultivation original strain of step 1) obtains composite fungus agent, comprises the steps:
A prepares bacterium and mixes spore powder: each primitive bacteria bacterial classification after carrying out slant culture, shaking table cultivation, fermentor cultivation under the aseptic condition respectively successively, by the formula rate mixing, is prepared into the fermented liquid that obtains bacterium through concentrate drying and mixes spore powder;
B prepares the fungal spore powder: original fungi strain is being carried out under the aseptic condition after slant culture, shaking table cultivation, fermentor cultivation, solid fermentation produce spore successively; Produced the substratum of spore fully; Be immersed in and process fungal spore suspension-s in the clear water, concentrate drying is prepared into the fungal spore powder;
The bacterium that c makes step a, b mixes spore powder and the fungal spore powder obtains composite fungus agent by the formula rate mixing.
3. mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The described nutritive ingredient of step 1) prepares in following method: with white sugar, brown sugar, starch, protein powder, with the mineral element of amino acid and/or the humic acids chelating ratio mixing in 1:2.8:5:1:0.2, make nutritive ingredient; Said mineral element is iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and molybdenum.
4. mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said bacterial classification carrier of step 1) is wilkinite, sepiolite and humic acids, pulverize separately, crosses 200 mesh sieves, makes in the ratio mixing of 1:1:2.
5. mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture according to claim 1 is characterized in that the temperature of the said slip of step 1) is controlled at 35-40 ℃, and water cut is controlled at 25-30%.
6. mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said oven drying at low temperature of step 3), and temperature is 55-60 ℃, wind-force is 8.0-10.7m/s.
7. application rights requires the mikrobe composite fertilizer manufacturing installation of 1 described mikrobe composite fertilizer method of manufacture, is made up of compound prilling granulator and slurrying classification inoculation apparatus, and both connect with conveying belt.
8. mikrobe composite fertilizer manufacturing installation according to claim 7 is characterized in that the compound prilling granulator mainly is made up of stirrer, tablets press, dryer and cooler, is connected with conveying belt successively.
9. mikrobe composite fertilizer manufacturing installation according to claim 7; It is characterized in that the slurrying classification inoculation apparatus mainly is made up of pulping tank, slurry can, spray pump, cylinder vortex mixer, oven drying at low temperature equipment, slip is put to slurry can through the bleed valve of pulping tank bottom; The slurry can bottom connects spray pump; The spout of spray pump is suspended in the top in the cylinder vortex mixer, and the cylinder vortex mixer upper reaches link to each other with the compound prilling granulator through conveying belt, and downstream connect oven drying at low temperature equipment through conveying belt.
10. mikrobe composite fertilizer manufacturing installation according to claim 9 is characterized in that, is respectively equipped with whisking appliance in the jar of pulping tank, slurry can, and outer wall is equipped with chuck, and outer wall materials is a corrosion resistant material; The pulping tank bottom drain valve just is equipped with filter screen; The spray pump spray pressure can be regulated voluntarily, vertically is contained in cylinder vortex mixer top, its two equidistant openings of difference in below several.
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| CN105409709A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-23 | 遂宁市夏曾种植有限公司 | Planting method for red global grapes |
| CN106007820A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 上海化工研究院 | Device for adding active bacterium strains into dried granular organic fertilizers and application of device |
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