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CN102784720B - External water-distribution movable flexible dust collecting electrode device - Google Patents

External water-distribution movable flexible dust collecting electrode device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102784720B
CN102784720B CN201210297074.7A CN201210297074A CN102784720B CN 102784720 B CN102784720 B CN 102784720B CN 201210297074 A CN201210297074 A CN 201210297074A CN 102784720 B CN102784720 B CN 102784720B
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flexible dust
type flexible
dust
water distribution
water
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CN102784720A (en
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马春元
崔琳
常景彩
王鹏
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Shandong University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种外布水移动式柔性集尘极装置,包括两根平行设置的主动轴和柔性集尘极,所述柔性集尘极绕在两根主动轴上,两主动轴之间设有若干平行布置的布水装置,柔性集尘极呈S形交叉绕过若干布水装置,主动轴与动力装置相连,所述柔性集尘极外部至少一侧设有电极,所述布水装置与电极在空间上平行设置。该装置能够实现水膜的均匀分布与自动高效清灰、并避免金属集尘极的腐蚀问题,保证湿式静电除尘器设备稳定、经济、安全可靠地运行,实现微细颗粒物的高效捕集。

The invention discloses a mobile flexible dust-collecting pole device with external water distribution, which comprises two driving shafts arranged in parallel and a flexible dust-collecting pole. The flexible dust-collecting pole is wound on the two driving shafts, and There are several water distribution devices arranged in parallel, the flexible dust collecting pole crosses around several water distribution devices in an S shape, the driving shaft is connected with the power device, at least one side of the flexible dust collecting pole is provided with electrodes, and the water distribution device The device is arranged spatially parallel to the electrodes. The device can realize the uniform distribution of water film and automatic and efficient dust removal, and avoid the corrosion problem of the metal dust collecting pole, ensure the stable, economical, safe and reliable operation of the wet electrostatic precipitator equipment, and realize the efficient collection of fine particles.

Description

外布水移动式柔性集尘极装置Water-distributed mobile flexible dust collector device

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种烟气污染治理技术,尤其是一种应用于湿式静电除尘器的外布水移动式柔性集尘极装置。The invention relates to a flue gas pollution control technology, in particular to a water-distributed mobile flexible dust collecting electrode device applied to a wet electrostatic precipitator.

背景技术 Background technique

目前,随着《火电厂污染物排放标准》(GB 13223 2011)正式实施以及《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095 2012)正式发布,对于超细颗粒物的排放控制正式展开。作为大气中颗粒物质的重要排放源的燃煤电厂,虽然都安装有除尘器,但普遍采用的是干式静电除尘器(ESP),这种除尘器集尘极在干态下运行,不但对于容易形成反电晕的高比电阻粉尘颗粒收集效率低,而且对于10μm(特别是2.5μm)以下微细颗粒,由于微细粒子难以荷电,而且电极振打产生二次扬尘容易使已捕集的微细粒子逸出,导致脱除效率急剧下降。大量微细粉尘颗粒的逃逸造成烟尘浓度排放过大,不但难以满足新的标准要求,而且由于对人体有毒有害的主要污染物大多富集在10μm以下的微细粉尘颗粒中,大量微细粉尘颗粒的逃逸也严重影响了人们的身体健康,造成巨大的经济损失。At present, with the official implementation of the "Pollutant Emission Standards for Thermal Power Plants" (GB 13223 2011) and the official release of the "Ambient Air Quality Standards" (GB 3095 2012), the emission control of ultrafine particles has been officially launched. As an important emission source of particulate matter in the atmosphere, coal-fired power plants are all equipped with dust collectors, but dry electrostatic precipitators (ESP) are commonly used. The dust collectors of this kind of dust collectors operate in a dry state. The collection efficiency of dust particles with high specific resistance that is easy to form back corona is low, and for fine particles below 10 μm (especially 2.5 μm), it is difficult to charge the fine particles, and the secondary dust generated by electrode vibration is easy to make the collected fine particles Particles escape, resulting in a sharp drop in removal efficiency. The escape of a large number of fine dust particles causes excessive smoke concentration, which is not only difficult to meet the new standard requirements, but also because most of the main pollutants that are toxic and harmful to the human body are concentrated in fine dust particles below 10 μm, the escape of a large number of fine dust particles is also difficult. It has seriously affected people's health and caused huge economic losses.

采用湿式集尘极能够有效克服干式集尘极的反电晕问题并能防止微细颗粒二次扬尘,因此能够有效提高静电除尘特别是脱除微细粉尘的效率。但目前工业应用的湿式集尘极一般都是由金属等硬性材料组成,由于表面张力及机加工平面度偏差等问题,冲洗水不可能在整个集尘极表面完全均布,容易在集尘极表面形成“沟流”,这样水流冲洗不到的地方容易导致尘粒的累积与结垢,如不及时拆卸清理,最终会导致集尘极失效;烟气中含有的酸雾等成分较易腐蚀普通材料的金属集尘极,因此大部分金属集尘极采用成本较高的合金材料制成。上述问题已使得采用湿式集尘极的静电除尘器设备运行稳定性、安全可靠性、经济性等方面受到了严重影响。The use of wet dust collecting poles can effectively overcome the back corona problem of dry dust collecting poles and prevent secondary dusting of fine particles, so it can effectively improve the efficiency of electrostatic dust removal, especially the removal of fine dust. However, the wet dust collecting poles currently used in industrial applications are generally composed of hard materials such as metals. Due to problems such as surface tension and machining flatness deviations, it is impossible for the flushing water to be completely evenly distributed on the entire surface of the dust collecting poles, and it is easy to flow on the dust collecting poles. The surface forms a "channel flow", so that the place where the water flow cannot wash is easy to cause the accumulation and scaling of dust particles. If it is not disassembled and cleaned in time, it will eventually lead to the failure of the dust collection; the acid mist and other components contained in the flue gas are more likely to corrode Metal dust collecting poles of common materials, so most metal dust collecting poles are made of alloy materials with higher cost. The above problems have seriously affected the operational stability, safety, reliability, and economy of electrostatic precipitators using wet dust collectors.

另外,中国专利ZL200910019222.7公开了一种纤维织物集尘极表面水膜均匀化装置及工艺,该工艺通过在集尘极上端密布Ф1-Ф2mm的布水孔,水在重力作用下向下流动,利用纤维毛细作用,实现水膜的均布。但是这种工艺装置由于仅在集尘极上端安装布水装置,水膜只能由上端向下延伸,对于面积较大的集尘极,容易形成集尘极上端水膜厚度过大而下端水膜厚度不够的问题,影响水膜的均匀分布;另外,上述专利中集尘极为固定布置,仅靠灰糕层与集尘极表面张力和收缩比不同实现集尘极的清灰,容易导致清灰不彻底,影响后续除尘效率。In addition, Chinese patent ZL200910019222.7 discloses a device and process for homogenizing the water film on the surface of the fiber fabric dust collecting pole. In this process, water holes of Ф1-Ф2 mm are densely distributed on the upper end of the dust collecting pole, and the water flows downward under the action of gravity. , using fiber capillary action to achieve uniform distribution of water film. However, because this kind of process device only installs the water distribution device on the upper end of the dust collecting pole, the water film can only extend downward from the upper end. The problem of insufficient film thickness affects the uniform distribution of the water film; in addition, the dust collector in the above-mentioned patents is extremely fixed, and the dust removal of the dust collector is achieved only by the difference in surface tension and shrinkage ratio between the dust cake layer and the dust collector, which may easily lead to cleaning. The ash is not thorough, which will affect the follow-up dust removal efficiency.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是为克服上述现有技术的不足,提供一种外布水移动式柔性集尘极装置,该装置能够实现水膜的均匀分布与自动高效清灰、并避免金属集尘极的腐蚀问题,保证湿式静电除尘器设备稳定、经济、安全可靠地运行,实现微细颗粒物的高效捕集。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a mobile flexible dust-collecting electrode device with external water distribution, which can realize the uniform distribution of water film and automatic and efficient dust removal, and avoid the damage of metal dust-collecting electrodes. Corrosion problems, ensure the stable, economical, safe and reliable operation of the wet electrostatic precipitator equipment, and realize the efficient capture of fine particles.

为实现上述目的,本发明采用下述技术方案:To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

一种外布水移动式柔性集尘极装置,包括两根平行设置的主动轴和柔性集尘极,所述柔性集尘极绕在两根主动轴上,两主动轴之间设有若干平行布置的布水装置,柔性集尘极呈S形交叉绕过若干布水装置,主动轴与动力装置相连,所述柔性集尘极外部至少一侧设有电极,所述布水装置与电极在空间上平行设置,所述柔性集尘极沿气流方向前后往复运动。。A mobile flexible dust-collecting electrode device with external water distribution, comprising two driving shafts arranged in parallel and a flexible dust-collecting pole, the flexible dust-collecting poles are wound on the two driving shafts, and a number of parallel shafts are arranged between the two driving shafts. Arranged water distribution device, the flexible dust collecting pole crosses around several water distribution devices in an S shape, the driving shaft is connected to the power device, at least one side of the flexible dust collecting pole is provided with an electrode, and the water distribution device and the electrode are in the Spatially arranged in parallel, the flexible dust collecting poles reciprocate back and forth along the airflow direction. .

所述主动轴两端均设有限位装置。Limiting devices are provided at both ends of the drive shaft.

所述限位装置为限位块或限位凸起。The limiting device is a limiting block or a limiting protrusion.

所述柔性集尘极由柔性织物构成的板状体。The flexible dust collecting pole is a plate-like body made of flexible fabric.

所述布水装置为带有小孔或槽的管。The water distribution device is a pipe with small holes or grooves.

所述管上的小孔或槽喷射角度有接近切点切向角度、法向角度两种。There are two kinds of spraying angles of the small holes or grooves on the tube: tangential angle and normal angle close to the tangent point.

一种外布水移动式柔性集尘极装置,包括主动轴、从动轴和柔性集尘极,所述柔性集尘极绕在主动轴和从动轴上,主动轴和从动轴之间设有若干平行布置的布水装置,柔性集尘极呈S形交叉绕过若干布水装置,主动轴与动力装置相连,所述柔性集尘极外部至少一侧设有电极,所述布水装置与电极在空间上垂直交叉设置,所述柔性集尘极采用垂直气流方向上下往复运动。A mobile flexible dust-collecting pole device with external water distribution, comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft and a flexible dust-collecting pole, the flexible dust-collecting pole is wound on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and the space between the driving shaft and the driven shaft is There are several water distribution devices arranged in parallel, the flexible dust collecting pole crosses around several water distribution devices in an S shape, the driving shaft is connected with the power device, at least one side of the flexible dust collecting pole is provided with electrodes, and the water distribution device The device and the electrodes are vertically intersected in space, and the flexible dust-collecting poles reciprocate up and down in the direction of the vertical airflow.

所述主动轴和从动轴的至少一端设有限位装置。At least one end of the driving shaft and the driven shaft is provided with a limiting device.

所述限位装置为限位块或限位凸起。The limiting device is a limiting block or a limiting protrusion.

所述柔性集尘极由柔性织物构成的板状体。The flexible dust collecting pole is a plate-like body made of flexible fabric.

所述布水装置为带有小孔或槽的管。The water distribution device is a pipe with small holes or grooves.

所述管上的小孔或槽喷射角度有接近切点切向角度、法向角度两种。There are two kinds of spraying angles of the small holes or grooves on the tube: tangential angle and normal angle close to the tangent point.

本发明包括可移动柔性集尘极、布水装置及其配套的限位装置,其集尘极绕行于布水装置,布水装置采用带有一定角度小孔或槽的钢管,从集尘极外进行布水,并兼做柔性集尘极的支撑结构。The invention includes a movable flexible dust collecting pole, a water distribution device and its matching limit device. The dust collecting pole bypasses the water distributing device. Water distribution is carried out outside the pole, and it is also used as a supporting structure for the flexible dust collection pole.

本发明中,集尘极采用沿气流方向前后往复运动方式或垂直于气流方向上下往复运动方式,通过布水装置进行喷水,实现集尘极的稳定均匀布水与清灰。采用前后往复运动时,两根主动轴转动速度均可调且转动方向及速度一致。采用上下往复运动时,上端为主动轴下端为从动轴,主动轴转动速度可调。上述两种运动方式中主动轴两端均安装有限位装置,确保集尘极在运动过程中不出现跑偏问题。In the present invention, the dust collecting pole adopts a reciprocating motion forward and backward along the airflow direction or a vertical reciprocating motion vertically to the airflow direction, and sprays water through the water distribution device to realize stable and uniform water distribution and dust cleaning of the dust collecting pole. When adopting forward and backward reciprocating motion, the rotation speed of the two driving shafts can be adjusted and the rotation direction and speed are consistent. When adopting up and down reciprocating motion, the upper end is the driving shaft and the lower end is the driven shaft, and the rotation speed of the driving shaft is adjustable. In the above two movement modes, limit devices are installed at both ends of the drive shaft to ensure that the dust collector does not deviate during movement.

本发明中,两根传动轴之间并排多套布水装置,柔性集尘极呈S型绕行于固定的布水管上,通过集尘极的往复运动以及布水装置的规律性喷水实现集尘极的稳定均匀布水与清灰;本发明中,除可通过水冲清灰外,还可利用往复运动过程中集尘极与固定布水装置的摩擦实现集尘极的自动清灰;本发明中,布水装置所用水压、水量以及喷射间隔可根据需要调节;In the present invention, multiple sets of water distribution devices are arranged side by side between the two transmission shafts, and the flexible dust collecting pole is detoured on the fixed water distribution pipe in an S shape, which is realized by the reciprocating movement of the dust collecting pole and the regular water spraying of the water distribution device. Stable and uniform water distribution and dust removal of the dust collector; in the present invention, in addition to flushing the dust with water, the friction between the dust collector and the fixed water distribution device during the reciprocating movement can also be used to realize the automatic dust removal of the dust collector ; In the present invention, the water pressure, water volume and spraying interval used by the water distribution device can be adjusted as required;

应用时,根据需要可以采用将本发明多套并列组合在一起放置于湿式静电除尘器内使用,集尘极之间的距离在200-800mm之间;每套内喷水柔性集尘装置中集尘极均为一个整体,内喷水装置可根据需要安装多套。In application, multiple sets of the present invention can be combined side by side and placed in a wet electrostatic precipitator according to needs, and the distance between the dust collecting electrodes is between 200-800mm; The dust pole is a whole, and the inner water spray device can be installed with multiple sets according to the needs.

本发明的有益效果是,本发明能够实现水膜的均匀分布与自动高效清灰、并避免金属集尘极的腐蚀问题,保证湿式静电除尘器设备稳定、经济、安全可靠地运行,实现微细颗粒物的高效捕集。The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the present invention can realize uniform distribution of water film and automatic and efficient dust removal, and avoid the corrosion problem of metal dust collecting poles, ensure the stable, economical, safe and reliable operation of the wet electrostatic precipitator equipment, and realize fine particle dust removal. efficient capture.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例1结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图2是图1的俯视图;Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

图3是本发明实施例2结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

图4是图3的左视图;Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 3;

其中1.主动轴,2.布水装置,3.电极,4.柔性集尘极,5.限位装置,6.从动轴。Among them 1. Drive shaft, 2. Water distribution device, 3. Electrode, 4. Flexible dust collecting pole, 5. Limiting device, 6. Driven shaft.

具体实施方式 detailed description

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

实施例1:如图1、2所示,外布水移动式柔性集尘极装置,包括两根平行设置的主动轴1和柔性集尘极4,所述柔性集尘极4绕在两根主动轴1上,两主动轴1之间设有若干平行布置的布水装置2,柔性集尘极4呈S形交叉绕过若干布水装置2,主动轴1与动力装置相连,所述柔性集尘极4外部一侧设有电极,所述布水装置2与电极3在平行设置。主动轴1两端均设有限位装置5。限位装5置为限位块或限位凸起。柔性集尘极4由柔性织物构成的板状体。布水装置2为带有小孔或槽的钢管。钢管上的小孔或槽喷射角度有接近切点切向角度、法向角度两种。Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the water-distributed mobile flexible dust-collecting pole device includes two driving shafts 1 and flexible dust-collecting poles 4 arranged in parallel, and the flexible dust-collecting pole 4 is wound around two On the driving shaft 1, there are several water distribution devices 2 arranged in parallel between the two driving shafts 1. The flexible dust collection pole 4 crosses and bypasses several water distribution devices 2 in an S shape. The driving shaft 1 is connected with the power device. An electrode is provided on the outer side of the dust collecting pole 4, and the water distribution device 2 and the electrode 3 are arranged in parallel. Limiting devices 5 are provided at both ends of the drive shaft 1 . The limit device 5 is set as a limit block or a limit protrusion. The flexible dust collecting pole 4 is a plate-shaped body made of flexible fabric. The water distribution device 2 is a steel pipe with small holes or grooves. There are two kinds of spraying angles of small holes or grooves on the steel pipe: tangential angle and normal angle close to the tangent point.

随着电压升高,电极3端放电使空气电离,产生大量负离子;烟气中的粉尘颗粒与负离子结合后,向柔性集尘极2运动。布有均匀水膜的柔性集尘极捕获运动到集尘极的粉尘颗粒,由于水的粘滞力,颗粒特别是微细颗粒不会发生二次返混问题,实现微细颗粒的高效捕集;柔性集尘极在沿气流方向前后运动过程中,布水装置从接近切点切向、法向角度向集尘极喷水,实现水膜的持续均匀分布与清灰,另外,也可通过集尘极与布水装置2的摩擦,实现集尘极的自动清灰。As the voltage rises, the terminal 3 of the electrode discharges to ionize the air and generate a large amount of negative ions; the dust particles in the flue gas combine with the negative ions and move towards the flexible dust collecting electrode 2. The flexible dust collecting electrode with a uniform water film captures the dust particles moving to the dust collecting electrode. Due to the viscous force of water, the particles, especially the fine particles, will not have the problem of secondary back-mixing, and the efficient collection of fine particles can be realized; flexible During the movement of the dust collecting pole back and forth along the airflow direction, the water distribution device sprays water from the tangential and normal angles close to the tangent point to the dust collecting pole to realize the continuous and uniform distribution of the water film and dust removal. The friction between the pole and the water distribution device 2 realizes the automatic cleaning of the dust collecting pole.

实施例2:如图3、4所示,外布水移动式柔性集尘极装置,包括主动轴1、从动轴6和柔性集尘极4,所述柔性集尘极4绕在主动轴1和从动轴6上,主动轴1和从动轴6之间设有若干平行布置的布水装置2,柔性集尘极4呈S形交叉绕过若干布水装置2,主动轴1与动力装置相连,所述柔性集尘极4外部一侧设有电极,所述布水装置2与电极3在空间上垂直交叉设置。主动轴1和从动轴6的两端均设有限位装置5。限位装置5为限位块或限位凸起。柔性集尘极4由柔性织物构成的板状体。布水装置2为带有小孔或槽的管。管上小孔或槽喷射角度有接近切点切向角度、法向角度两种。Embodiment 2: As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the water-distributed mobile flexible dust-collecting pole device includes a driving shaft 1, a driven shaft 6 and a flexible dust-collecting pole 4, and the flexible dust-collecting pole 4 is wound around the driving shaft 1 and the driven shaft 6, there are several water distribution devices 2 arranged in parallel between the driving shaft 1 and the driven shaft 6, and the flexible dust collection pole 4 crosses several water distribution devices 2 in an S shape, and the driving shaft 1 and the The power device is connected, the flexible dust collection pole 4 is provided with an electrode on the outer side, and the water distribution device 2 and the electrode 3 are vertically intersected in space. Limiting devices 5 are provided at both ends of the driving shaft 1 and the driven shaft 6 . The limiting device 5 is a limiting block or a limiting protrusion. The flexible dust collecting pole 4 is a plate-shaped body made of flexible fabric. The water distribution device 2 is a pipe with small holes or grooves. There are two kinds of spraying angles for small holes or grooves on the tube: tangential angle and normal angle close to the tangent point.

此时柔性集尘极在垂直于气流方向上下运动过程中,布水装置从接近切点切向、法向角度向集尘极喷水,实现水膜的持续均匀分布与清灰。为保证集尘极上下运动过程中不跑偏,转动轴两端均安装有限位装置。集尘极2可通过喷水清灰,也可通过集尘极与布水装置2的摩擦,实现集尘极的自动清灰。At this time, when the flexible dust collecting pole is moving up and down perpendicular to the airflow direction, the water distribution device sprays water to the dust collecting pole from the tangential and normal angles close to the tangential point, so as to realize the continuous and uniform distribution of the water film and the cleaning of dust. In order to ensure that the dust collector does not deviate during its up and down movement, limit devices are installed at both ends of the rotating shaft. The dust collecting pole 2 can be cleaned by spraying water, or by the friction between the dust collecting pole and the water distributing device 2, so as to realize the automatic dust removal of the dust collecting pole.

上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述,但并非对本发明保护范围的限制,所属领域技术人员应该明白,在本发明的技术方案的基础上,本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the portable type flexible dust device of outer water distribution, it is characterized in that, comprise two driving shafts and type flexible dust be arranged in parallel, the plate body that described type flexible dust is made up of flexible fabric, described type flexible dust is around on two driving shafts, and described both ends of main drive shaft is equipped with stopping means; Some water-distributing devices be arranged in parallel are provided with between two driving shafts, the S-shaped intersection of type flexible dust walks around some water-distributing devices, driving shaft is connected with power set, described type flexible dust outside is at least provided with electrode in side, described water-distributing device and electrode spatially be arranged in parallel, and described type flexible dust is along airflow direction front-rear reciprocation movement.
2. the portable type flexible dust device of outer water distribution, it is characterized in that, comprise driving shaft, driven shaft and type flexible dust, the plate body that described type flexible dust is made up of flexible fabric, described type flexible dust is around on driving shaft and driven shaft, and at least one end of described driving shaft and driven shaft is provided with stopping means; Some water-distributing devices be arranged in parallel are provided with between driving shaft and driven shaft, the S-shaped intersection of type flexible dust walks around some water-distributing devices, driving shaft is connected with power set, described type flexible dust outside is at least provided with electrode in side, the spatially square crossing of described water-distributing device and electrode is arranged, and described type flexible dust adopts uprush direction to pump.
3. the portable type flexible dust device of as claimed in claim 1 or 2 outer water distribution, it is characterized in that, described stopping means is limited block or spacing preiection.
4. the portable type flexible dust device of as claimed in claim 1 or 2 outer water distribution, it is characterized in that, described water-distributing device is the pipe with aperture or groove.
5. the portable type flexible dust device of as claimed in claim 4 outer water distribution, it is characterized in that, the aperture on described pipe or the spray angle of groove have close to the tangential angle in point of contact, normal angles two kinds.
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