CN102701711A - Sintered brick and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Sintered brick and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102701711A CN102701711A CN201210213933XA CN201210213933A CN102701711A CN 102701711 A CN102701711 A CN 102701711A CN 201210213933X A CN201210213933X A CN 201210213933XA CN 201210213933 A CN201210213933 A CN 201210213933A CN 102701711 A CN102701711 A CN 102701711A
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- waste disposal
- disposal site
- municipal sludge
- sintered brick
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Abstract
The invention provides a sintered brick, which comprises the following raw materials: life landfill contents, municipal sludge, shale and bunker coal. The strength and the density of the sintered brick can meet the regulated standards, the dead weight of the sintered brick is small, the manufacturing method is simple and convenient, and the production energy consumption is low. An environment-friendly feasible way is provided for the recycle of the life landfill contents and the municipal sludge. The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the sintered brick. The method comprises the following steps of: crushing the raw materials, uniformly mixing the raw materials with water, carrying out extrusion forming, then carrying out high-temperature roasting, and finally obtaining sintered brick. The method needs not to add clay and use a binder, and a green brick needs not to be dried in advance before sintering, but the product quality of the prepared sintered brick is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing and the recycling technology of municipal sludge and domestic refuse, particularly a kind of vitrified brick and method of manufacture thereof.
Background technology
Domestic refuse is meant in daily life perhaps provides the solid waste that produces in the activity of service for daily life.Along with the expansion day by day of China's material consumption, domestic refuse increases year by year.Statistical information shows annual 2.0 hundred million tons of domestic refuses, speedup 8～10%, 7,000,000,000 tons of national scrap heap storages, 500,000,000 square metres of the appropriation of land areas of producing of China.At present, there is 2/3rds city to have " rubbish hidden danger " problem in more than 680 city, the whole nation, wherein has more than 1/3, promptly surpass 200 cities and can not find suitable garbage loading embeading place, formed serious " garbage-surrounded city " phenomenon.
The domestic refuse that overflows has caused serious environmental and social concern: not only form the abominable situation that rubbish surrounds the city, and the objectionable impurities in the rubbish causes severe contamination to atmospheric environment, surface water.In the face of serious day by day domestic refuse problem, people have taked various counter-measures.The method of tackling domestic refuse now both at home and abroad mainly is divided into landfill method, composting process, burning method and collects above-mentioned three kinds of comprehensive treatment methods that mode is an one.Landfill method is that solid waste is inserted in the hollow place or depression of artificial or natural formation, to recover landforms; Composting process is that it is transported to rural area, suburbs or special place compost treatment; Burning method is that solid waste is burned, and reaches the minimizing purpose.Processing mode in Chinese domestic refuse is main with landfill, accounts for total treatment capacity more than 95%.
Yet above-mentioned treatment process is not all from solving environment and the social concern that domestic refuse is brought in essence.Landfill is not only permanent to take a large amount of soils, and through concentrating the rubbish of piling up very easily to produce the three-dimensional pollution of secondary, particularly high-concentration garbage percolate causes severe contamination to underground water and soil, downstream, river course; The poisonous foul gas severe contamination air that rubbish fermentation forms, poisonous metal forms metal enrichment circle severe contamination soil in landfill yard radius 50km scope simultaneously, and the harm resident is healthy.Garbage compost not only fertility is little, and many non-fertile compositions cause secondary pollution like glass, plastics and meetings such as remaining germ, virus to environment, and are prone to cause the heavy metal-polluted soil enrichment, so this method is used less.Though burning method can effectively reduce quantity of solid waste, the calorific value and the water cut of solid waste had strict demand, and burning process very easily produces obnoxious flavoures such as Dioxins.
Municipal sludge also is the huge pollutent of a kind of output, and solid-state, semi-solid state refuse that it is in the water treatment procedure to be produced mainly comprise sludge of sewage treatment plant, urban discharging pipeline mud, alum sludge.At present national annual dewatered sludge generation is up to 8,000,000 tons, and accounts for 3.2% of China's total solids refuse with the speed increment of annual l5%.Organic content is high in the municipal sludge, and is very easily corrupt and produce stench, the especially just mud of settling tank; Contain a large amount of germs, parasitic ovum and virus, be prone to cause the propagation of transmissible disease, because the construction of wastewater treatment in China factory often only notices that WWT reaches emission standard; And mud is not handled and disposed; This certainly will cause secondary pollution, and sewage work builds manyly more, and the secondary pollution risk that mud causes is also big more.
It is believed that " solid waste is the terminal of resource, is useless, deleterious refuse " for a long time.Under this idea, all tackle the solid waste problem with " processing " mode.In fact solid waste is not truly " refuse ", terminal that neither resource, but how the another kind of existence form of resource particularly in today that resource lacks day by day, develops " refuse " this special resource and becomes more important.
And vitrified brick is to be main raw material with clay, shale, coal gangue, flyash etc., through the right angle hexahedron bulk that roasting forms.Because that vitrified brick is made is simple, easy to use, intensity and excellent in durability, most of in the world at present country all with vitrified brick as topmost materials for wall.In China, vitrified brick accounts for 85% of materials for wall.But tradition is the ordinary fired brick of raw material with the clay exist size little, from great, production energy consumption is high and occupy the big shortcoming of arable land amount; China stipulated for the end of the year 2010; All cities ban use of solid clay brick, advance the materials for wall reform simultaneously, the development energy-saving building materials.Because the raw material of preparation vitrified brick is not that a clay is a kind of, (chemical ingredients of clay mainly is SiO as long as brick-making raw material has identical chemical ingredients with clay
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO and a spot of MgO, K
2O, Na
2O), mineralogical composition; And (ordinary fired brick mainly makes clay generation high-temperature physics chemical reaction through the heat that coal combustion produces to reach certain plasticity and heat energy requirement; Vitrified brick consumes energy 1672～1980kJ/kg), just can go out the vitrified brick of National standard through suitable explained hereafter.
In the prior art, not seeing has the report that municipal sludge and domestic waste disposal site landfill material is used to make jointly vitrified brick.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is to above-mentioned deficiency; It is the vitrified brick of raw material that a kind of landfill material and municipal sludge with domestic waste disposal site is provided; Not only performances such as its intensity and density all can satisfy required standard, and it is little to conduct oneself with dignity, and method of manufacture is easy; Production energy consumption is low, for the renewable resources utilization of domestic waste disposal site landfill material and municipal sludge provides a kind of environmental protection and feasible approach.
Vitrified brick provided by the invention, its raw material comprises by weight: the landfill material of 25-40 part domestic waste disposal site, 15-30 part municipal sludge, 30-40 part shale and 8-11 part bunker coal; The landfill material of said domestic waste disposal site comprises the incineration ashes and/or the inorganic refuse of organic waste, and said municipal sludge is meant solid-state, the semi-solid waste that produces in the water treatment procedure.
Vitrified brick of the present invention allows to make with reference to existing manufacturing technique, and for example with stirring with water behind the said raw material crushing, extrusion molding again, the adobe of extrusion molding both got through dry roasting.
The present invention why with municipal sludge and domestic waste disposal site landfill material as the raw material of making vitrified brick; This is owing to contain the above organism of 50% (wt%) in the municipal dewatered sludge; Can produce 1500 ~ 3000kcal/kg heat during roasting, ash content that forms behind the organic compound combustion and the inorganics in the mud and clay, shale composition are suitable.Therefore can utilize municipal sludge directly to mix the people in shale or clay, the preparation vitrified brick as brick-making raw material and fuel.And the landfill material of domestic waste disposal site be domestic refuse through concentrating receive be transported to destructor plant after; Through sterilization taste removal, fragmentation, sorting, pulverizing; The screening back forms screen underflow and incineration ashes; Its important component is a mineral products, and is close with the chemical ingredients of clay and shale, therefore can be used as the raw material of brickmaking equally.
But because the water ratio of municipal sludge high (generally can reach 40-80wt%) for ensureing that adobe has better molding effect and product water-intake rate, needs the incorporation of control municipal sludge, for the purpose of the present invention, said municipal sludge consumption is comparatively suitable.
For the landfill material of domestic waste disposal site; Because it contains the clean flammable organic composition of part not sieved; For avoiding the too high vitrified brick that causes of organic component content in sintering process, to produce too much hole; The present invention controls the landfill material consumption and is up to 40 parts, thereby guarantees the intensity of vitrified brick product.But for this programme, if the landfill material consumption is very few, then its utilization ratio reduces.
Adding bunker coal in this programme can provide heat, makes the effect of adobe roasting moulding better, and this is that other conventional brickmaking additive institute such as coal gangue is inaccessiable.But the too high or too low over-all properties that all can influence vitrified brick of the present invention of bunker coal addition, for the purpose of the present invention, the consumption of said bunker coal suits.
Because this programme has adopted above-mentioned prescription; Make and need not to add clay in the making processes or sticker also can make product have molding effect preferably; Product not only performance such as intensity and density all can satisfy required standard; And it is little to conduct oneself with dignity, and production energy consumption is low, for the renewable resources utilization of domestic waste disposal site landfill material and municipal sludge provides a kind of more environmental protection and feasible approach more.
Preferably, in the raw material, the granularity of the landfill material of said domestic waste disposal site, shale, municipal sludge and bunker coal all is not more than 0.8mm.Under this granularity condition; After each component of raw material is mixed; Combustiblesubstance in the said landfill material can disperse more fine and closely wovenly and even in adobe, the micropore that the combustiblesubstance high-temp combustion forms in the adobe sintering process also more tiny be evenly distributed, thereby solve because of combustiblecomponents degree of fragmentation in the domestic refuse not enough; Excessive and the problem of uneven distribution of burning micropore that causes is avoided reducing because of the microvoid structure defective makes vitrified brick intensity.Can adopt multistage (like the 2-4 level) duplex whipping appts to stir material in the actually operating, to ensure that mixing of materials is more even.
On the other hand; It is the method for raw material production brick made from waste with the domestic refuse that prior art provides multiple; Generally need the processing of becoming thoroughly decomposed of fresh domestic refuse be isolated after the useful inorganics, add clay, coal gangue or cinder again; Make adobe with water is mixed then, carry out high temperature sintering again; In order to guarantee brick physique amount, prior art will be added an amount of sticker toward contact, otherwise can not obtain the vitrified brick of better performances.
Two of the object of the invention is to provide a kind of method of making said vitrified brick, need not to add clay and use sticker, but the vitrified brick quality product that makes is excellent.
The making method of vitrified brick of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) by said weight part domestic waste disposal site landfill material, shale and the bunker coal that granularity all is not more than 0.8mm mixed with municipal sludge, get mixture;
(2) in mixture, add water and stirring, extrusion molding then, adobe; In this step, in this step, the adobe water cut is 15-25% (wt%);
(3) adobe is cut into desired size after, in 1000-1100 ° of C roasting 4-10 hour, vitrified brick.
Preferably, the pressure of extrusion molding is 10-20MPa.Because the landfill material of domestic waste disposal site and the bulk density of common relatively brick-making raw material shale of municipal sludge or clay are little; So common relatively brick equipment; Need to adopt higher squeeze; So just can reach better molding effect, for the present invention program, said pressure is only comparatively suitable.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
In sum, than prior art, vitrified brick provided by the invention; Be to be raw material with domestic waste disposal site landfill material and municipal sludge; Not only performances such as its intensity and density all can satisfy required standard, and it is little to conduct oneself with dignity, and method of manufacture is easy; Production energy consumption is low, the more important thing is that the present invention is that the renewable resources utilization of domestic waste disposal site landfill material and municipal sludge provides a kind of environmental protection and feasible approach.
And the making method of vitrified brick provided by the invention need not to add clay, also need not to use sticker, and adobe need not drying in advance before being sintered processing, but the vitrified brick quality product that makes is excellent; The inventive method is implemented easily, and is environmentally friendly.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is made further detailed description.But should this be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment, allly all belong to scope of the present invention based on the technology that content of the present invention realized.
Each embodiment is operation as follows all:
1, the original landfill material of domestic waste disposal site is sent into the reamer type crusher in crushing; The weight of material that granularity is not more than 1mm in the original landfill material in broken back is not less than 90% of original landfill material gross weight; Get the domestic waste disposal site landfill material; Then by weight domestic waste disposal site landfill material, municipal sludge, shale and bunker coal are carried out mixing after the proportioning as raw material, mixture, said mixture sent into be crushed to raw meal particle size in the hammer mill and be not more than 0.8mm; The landfill material of said domestic waste disposal site comprises the incineration ashes and/or the inorganic refuse of organic waste, and said municipal sludge is meant solid-state, the semi-solid waste that produces in the water treatment procedure;
2, the mixture that the granularity of step 1 gained is not more than 0.8mm mixes with water, and stirs through 2 grades of duplex whipping apptss, treat mixing of materials evenly the back through the extrusion molding of extrusion-type brick machine, adobe;
3, with the adobe cutting unit adobe is cut into 240 mm * 115 mm * 53 mm, uses wheel kiln baking technology (sinter process is with reference to prior art) then, the adobe after the cutting the roasting temperature that is not less than 1000 ° of C at least 4 hours, is processed vitrified brick;
4, according to Test methods for wall bricks GB/T 2542-92, the ultimate compression strength of test vitrified brick.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment: raw material comprises 25 parts of domestic waste disposal site landfill materials, 30 parts of municipal sludges, 37 parts of shale and 8 parts of bunker coals by weight in the step 1; The domestic waste disposal site landfill material is the mixture of organic waste incinerated matter and inorganic refuse, and inorganic refuse weight accounts for 70% of domestic waste disposal site landfill material gross weight; The adobe water cut is 18% (wt%) in the step 2, and the pressure of extrusion molding is 15MPa; In the step 5, maturing temperature is 1000 ° of C, and roasting time is 4 hours.
The ultimate compression strength that records institute's produced sintering brick is 15.5 MPa, 15 grades of MU;
Water-intake rate 22% (the regulation water ratio is qualified less than 23% in the technological standard);
Saturation factor 0.77 (the regulation saturation factor is qualified less than 0.78 in the technological standard).
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment: raw material comprises 30 parts of domestic waste disposal site landfill materials, 25 parts of municipal sludges, 36 parts of shale and 9 parts of bunker coals by weight in the step 1; The domestic waste disposal site landfill material is the mixture of organic waste incinerated matter and inorganic refuse, and inorganic refuse weight accounts for domestic waste disposal site landfill material gross weight 7; The adobe water cut is 17% in the step 2, and the pressure of extrusion molding is 15MPa; In the step 5, maturing temperature is 1100 ° of C, and roasting time is 4 hours.
The ultimate compression strength that records institute's produced sintering brick is 16.2 MPa, 15 grades of MU;
Water-intake rate 22%;
Saturation factor 0.77.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment: raw material comprises 35 parts of domestic waste disposal site landfill materials, 20 parts of municipal sludges, 35 parts of shale and 10 parts of bunker coals by weight in the step 1; The domestic waste disposal site landfill material is the mixture of organic waste incinerated matter and inorganic refuse, and inorganic refuse weight accounts for 657 of domestic waste disposal site landfill material gross weight; The adobe water cut is 16 in the step 2, and the pressure of extrusion molding is 20MPa; In the step 5, maturing temperature is 1100 ° of C, and roasting time is 6 hours.
The ultimate compression strength that records institute's produced sintering brick is 16.7 MPa, 15 grades of MU;
Water-intake rate 22%;
Saturation factor 0.76.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment: raw material comprises 40 parts of domestic waste disposal site landfill materials, 15 parts of municipal sludges, 34 parts of shale and 11 parts of bunker coals by weight in the step 1; The domestic waste disposal site landfill material is the mixture of organic waste incinerated matter and inorganic refuse, and inorganic refuse weight accounts for 80% of domestic waste disposal site landfill material gross weight; The adobe water cut is 15% in the step 2, and the pressure of extrusion molding is 18MPa; In the step 5, maturing temperature is 1100 ° of C, and roasting time is 10 hours.
The ultimate compression strength that records institute's produced sintering brick is 15.9 MPa, 15 grades of MU;
Water-intake rate 22%;
Saturation factor 0.77.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiment is pressed the operation of embodiment 4 methods, and difference is that raw material comprises the landfill material of 25 parts of domestic waste disposal sites, 15 parts of municipal sludges, 50 parts of shale and 10 parts of bunker coals by weight in the step 1.
The ultimate compression strength that records institute's produced sintering brick is 15.6 MPa, 15 grades of MU;
Water-intake rate 22%;
Saturation factor 0.77.
Embodiment 6
Present embodiment is pressed embodiment 4 methods operations, and difference is in the step 1 raw material landfill material, 30 parts of municipal sludges, 22 parts of shale and 8 parts of bunker coals of 40 parts of domestic waste disposal sites by weight.
The ultimate compression strength that records institute's produced sintering brick is 15.1 MPa, 15 grades of MU;
Water-intake rate 22%;
Saturation factor 0.77.
Need to prove at last; Above embodiment only is used to explain technical scheme of the present invention and is unrestricted; Although technical scheme of the present invention is specified, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that and to make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment; And not breaking away from aim of the present invention and scope, it all should be encompassed in the middle of protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. vitrified brick, it is characterized in that: raw material comprises by weight: the landfill material of 25-40 part domestic waste disposal site, 15-30 part municipal sludge, 30-40 part shale and 8-11 part bunker coal; The landfill material of said domestic waste disposal site comprises the incineration ashes and/or the inorganic refuse of organic waste, and said municipal sludge is meant solid-state, the semi-solid state waste that produces in the municipal wastewater treating processes.
2. vitrified brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the granularity of the landfill material of said domestic waste disposal site, shale, municipal sludge and bunker coal all is not more than 0.8mm.
3. make the method for said vitrified brick, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
By said weight part domestic waste disposal site landfill material, shale and the bunker coal that granularity all is not more than 0.8mm mixed with municipal sludge, get mixture;
In mixture, add water and stir, extrusion molding then, adobe; In this step, the adobe water cut is 15-25% (wt%);
(3) adobe is cut into desired size after, in 1000-1100 ° of C roasting 4-10 hour, vitrified brick.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the pressure of extrusion molding is 10-20Mpa.
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| CN201210213933XA CN102701711A (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2012-06-27 | Sintered brick and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN201210213933XA CN102701711A (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2012-06-27 | Sintered brick and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103113087A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-05-22 | 杨登云 | Method for processing and manufacturing light brick by utilizing household garbage |
| CN103922782A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-07-16 | 北京大学 | Porous thermal insulation material and preparation method |
| CN104692769A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-10 | 闽南师范大学 | Method for sintering shale porous brick from domestic and industrial wastes |
| CN106122968A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 浦北县科学技术开发中心 | Preprocess method before one way of life waste incineration |
| CN114195481A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-18 | 山东山科生态环境研究院有限公司 | Saw mud based vitrified aggregate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116253554A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-06-13 | 同济大学 | Porous brick sintered by waste pyrolysis gasification residues and preparation and application thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101362646A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-02-11 | 北京恒业村科技有限公司 | Method for preparing environment-friendly type building porcelain granule |
-
2012
- 2012-06-27 CN CN201210213933XA patent/CN102701711A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101362646A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-02-11 | 北京恒业村科技有限公司 | Method for preparing environment-friendly type building porcelain granule |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103113087A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-05-22 | 杨登云 | Method for processing and manufacturing light brick by utilizing household garbage |
| CN103113087B (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-06-18 | 杨登云 | Method for processing and manufacturing light brick by utilizing household garbage |
| CN103922782A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-07-16 | 北京大学 | Porous thermal insulation material and preparation method |
| CN104692769A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-10 | 闽南师范大学 | Method for sintering shale porous brick from domestic and industrial wastes |
| CN106122968A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 浦北县科学技术开发中心 | Preprocess method before one way of life waste incineration |
| CN114195481A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-18 | 山东山科生态环境研究院有限公司 | Saw mud based vitrified aggregate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116253554A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-06-13 | 同济大学 | Porous brick sintered by waste pyrolysis gasification residues and preparation and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |