CN102707043B - Hydrophilic-lipophilic solvent for acute toxicity test of aquatic organism - Google Patents
Hydrophilic-lipophilic solvent for acute toxicity test of aquatic organism Download PDFInfo
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- CN102707043B CN102707043B CN201210157362.2A CN201210157362A CN102707043B CN 102707043 B CN102707043 B CN 102707043B CN 201210157362 A CN201210157362 A CN 201210157362A CN 102707043 B CN102707043 B CN 102707043B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrophilic-lipophilic solvent for acute toxicity test of aquatic organism. The solvent comprises the following materials by weight: 18-25 parts of glycerol, 8-15 parts of dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and 55-75 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide. A preparation method of the hydrophilic-lipophilic solvent comprises the steps of mixing 18-25 parts of glycerol and 8-15 parts of dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether to obtain hydrophilic-lipophilic solvent semi-finished product, and then mixing with 55-75 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain hydrophilic-lipophilic solvent finished product. The hydrophilic-lipophilic solvent provided by the invention has the advantages of stable effect, convenient application, and no influence from environmental condition. In application, test chemical substance can be well dissolved in test water body to maintain stable test concentration, and ensure validity and reliability of toxicity test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water for acute toxicity test for aquatic organism, the two property solvents of oil, belong to aquaculture and environmental protection technical field.
Background technology
Along with social economy and scientific and technical development, on the earth, existing chemicals has exceeded 3,000 ten thousand kinds, and is increasing progressively with certain speed every year.In these chemicals, artificial synthetic organic chemicals has accounted for certain share.Artificial synthetic organic chemicals brings great convenience to the mankind's production and life, but meanwhile, it has also caused serious impact to environment and living resources.As the appearance of agricultural chemicals, herbicide and application, promoted widely the development of intensive cultivation agricultural, but it can, along with rainwash and river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi, earth's surface flow to into water body environment, bring fatal impact to living aquatic resources.In at present known artificial synthetic organic chemistry product, agricultural chemicals, herbicide, polychlorinated biphenyl, palycyclic aromatic, phenols, benzene and nitrobenzene have accounted for very large ratio, and these organic chemicals all belong to continuation organic contaminant.They have difficult degradation, toxicity large, can biological concentration etc. feature, larger on the impact of the ecosystem.These materials enter the aquatic ecological environment such as rivers,lakes and seas by the approach such as industrial wastewater discharge, widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area, cause enormous impact to living aquatic resources.According to reports, the organic chemicals having detected in China's Different Waters has exceeded kind more than 2000, and wherein 80% is poisonous and hazardous organic chemicals.
In order to protect aquatic ecological environment, protection living aquatic resources, relevant research institution and administrative authority must may evaluate hydrobiological toxic effect organic chemicals, formulate on this basis water quality standard, this type of polluter of strict management and control.In toxicity assessment, hydrobiological acute toxicity test is the most frequently used and effectively evaluating method.Hydrobiological acute toxicity test selects fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish and algae as biological subject conventionally, because it is all lived in water, the mode of contact stain thing is the water body way of contact, therefore must ensure that organic chemicals can dissolve in water.But chemicals described above great majority are lyophobic dust, are relatively difficult to dissolve in water, while giving toxicity test, accurate controlled concentration has brought difficulty.This type of substance dissolves in normal hexane, methenyl choloride equal solvent, but solvent and water unmixing again.And ethanol, acetone etc. can Dissolved Organic Matter in Sea Waters, the dissolubility of material that not only can be miscible with water to toxic organic compound but also bad.Conventional way is that organic chemicals is first dissolved in organic solvent and surfactant at present, then is dissolved in water.And there is the shortcomings such as volatility, toxicity be large in the good solvent of solubleness.
Therefore, in the test of hydrobiont acute toxicity, being badly in need of a kind of collection of research and development can be miscible with water and organism, hypotoxicity, low volatility, cost are low and draw materials water, the two property solvents of oil easily, during with warranty test, testing chemicals can be dissolved in test water body preferably, maintain stable experimental concentration, guarantee the validity and reliability of toxicity test.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and form hypotoxicity, low volatility, can dissolve preferably various organism water for acute toxicity test for aquatic organism, the oil two property solvents miscible with water.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, described a kind of water for acute toxicity test for aquatic organism, the two property solvents of oil comprise each component of following weight portion:
Glycerine is 18 ~ 25 weight portions, and dipropylene glycol methyl ether is 8 ~ 15 weight portions, and dimethyl sulfoxide is 55 ~ 75 weight portions;
When manufacture, first the glycerine of 18 ~ 25 weight portions is mixed with the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 8 ~ 15 weight portions, obtain water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil;
Then add the dimethyl sulfoxide of 55 ~ 75 weight portions and stir at water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil, obtaining water, the two property solvent finished products of oil.
What the present invention adopted is to the low hypotoxic dimethyl sulfoxide of hydrobiont, glycerine and dipropylene glycol methyl ether organic solvent, through rationally assembly by a certain percentage, forming a kind of collection can be miscible with water and organism, hypotoxicity, low volatility, cost are low and draw materials water, the two property solvents of oil easily.Definite ingredients of the present invention, effect stability, easy to use, be not subject to the impact of environmental baseline; Can warranty test after use time, test chemicals and be dissolved in preferably in test water body, maintain stable experimental concentration, guarantee the validity and reliability of toxicity test.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Get the glycerine of 180 grams, the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 150 grams and the dimethyl sulfoxide of 600 grams, for subsequent use;
When manufacture, first the glycerine of 180 grams is mixed with the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 150 grams, obtain water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil;
Then add the dimethyl sulfoxide of 600 grams and stir at water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil, obtaining water, the two property solvent finished product A of oil.
The two property solvent finished product A of water, oil that embodiment 1 is obtained are applied to the toxicity test of fishes of decis: first decis sterling is dissolved in water, the two property solvent finished product A of oil, be mixed with the titer of 10mg/L, then be added to the water, be mixed with the experimental concentration series of 0,0.1,0.5,1.0,5.0,10,50,100 μ g/L, through the test of 96h, it is the LC to Tilapia mossambica (the long 15cm of body) in the time of 28 DEG C of water temperatures
50value is 23.7 μ g/L.When test, decis dissolves fully, and in aqueous solution, concentration is more uniform and stable.And water, that the two property solvent finished product A of oil are made into 10mL/L concentration is nontoxic to test fish.
Embodiment 2
Get the glycerine of 250 grams, the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 80 grams and the dimethyl sulfoxide of 550 grams, for subsequent use;
When manufacture, first the glycerine of 250 grams is mixed with the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 80 grams, obtain water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil;
Then add the dimethyl sulfoxide of 550 grams and stir at water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil, obtaining water, the two property solvent finished product B of oil.
The toxicity test of fishes that is applied to nonylphenol that embodiment 2 is obtained: first nonylphenol sterling is dissolved in water, the two property solvent finished product B of oil, be mixed with the titer of 200mg/L, then be added to the water, be mixed with 0,0.72,1.00,1.44,1.68, the experimental concentration series of 2.00mg/L, through the test of 96h, it is the LC to zebra fish (the long 3cm of body) in the time of 22 DEG C of water temperatures
50value is 0.96mg/L.When test, nonylphenol dissolves fully, and in aqueous solution, concentration is more uniform and stable.And that water, the two property solvent finished product B of oil are made into the concentration of 10mL/L is nontoxic to test fish.
Embodiment 3
Get the glycerine of 200 grams, the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 120 grams and the dimethyl sulfoxide of 750 grams, for subsequent use;
When manufacture, first the glycerine of 200 grams is mixed with the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 120 grams, obtain water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil;
Then add the dimethyl sulfoxide of 750 grams and stir at water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil, obtaining water, the two property solvent finished product C of oil.
The two property solvent finished product C of water, oil that embodiment 3 is obtained are applied to the algae toxicity test of nonylphenol: first nonylphenol sterling is dissolved in water, the two property solvent finished product C of oil, be mixed with the titer of 50mg/L, then add in algae media, be mixed with 0,5.6,7.5,10.0, the experimental concentration series of 18.0mg/L, through the test of 96h, it is the EC to scenedesmus obliquus in the time that temperature is 30 DEG C
50value is 1.8g/L.When test, nonylphenol dissolves fully, and in aqueous solution, concentration is more uniform and stable.And that water, the two property solvent finished product C of oil are made into the concentration of 10mL/L is nontoxic to test algae.
The beneficial effect of the present invention's component used is as follows:
1, dimethyl sulfoxide: Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO), have another name called Dimethyl Sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methyl sulfoxide, molecular formula is C2H6SO, molecular weight is 78.14, colourless viscous liquid.There is moisture absorption
Property.Can dissolve each other arbitrarily with water, ethanol, ether, acetone, acetaldehyde, pyridine, ethyl acetate, dibatyl phithalate, dioxan and aromatic compound etc., be insoluble to acetylene aliphatic compound in addition.Flammable, almost odorless, with bitter taste.18.4 DEG C, solidifying point, 189 DEG C of boiling points, relative density 1.1014(20/20 DEG C), specific heat capacity 2.93J/(kg DEG C) (liquid), refractive index 1.4783,95 DEG C of flash-points (opening cup), specific inductive capacity 48.9(20 DEG C), burning-point 300-302 DEG C, viscosity (20 DEG C) 2.20mPas.These product are organic solvents that polarity is high, can mix with arbitrary proportion with water, and except sherwood oil, solubilized common organic solvents.Stable to alkali.In the time that acid exists, heating can produce the compounds such as a small amount of methyl mercaptan, formaldehyde, dimethyl disulfide, methane-sulforic acid.At high temperature there is decomposing phenomenon, meet chlorine intense reaction can occur, send light blue flame at combustion synthesis in air
2, dipropylene glycol methyl ether: Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether(DPM), molecular formula is C
7h
16o
3, structural formula is CH
3oC
3h
6oC
3h
6oH, molecular weight is 148.2, colourless transparent liquid has faint ether taste.190 DEG C of boiling points, relative density 0.95(25/25 DEG C), refractive index 1.419,85 DEG C of flash-points (opening cup), viscosity (25 DEG C) 3.33mPas.Hypotoxicity; Low viscosity; Low surface tension; The evaporation rate of appropriateness; Good dissolving, coupling capacity.Miscible with water, suitable HLB value, the high polymer chemistry things such as solubilized grease, natural resin and rubber, cellulose, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) contracting first/second/butyraldehyde, alkyd resin, phenolics, urea resin.Can be used as the coupling agent (normal mixing used) of water base dilution coating; The active solvent of water-based paint; Family expenses and industrial cleaners, grease removal agent and paint stripper, metal detergent; The basic solvent of solvent-borne type screen printing ink, coupling agent; The coupling agent of reducing dye fabric, solvent; The coupling agent of cosmetic formulations and skin conditioner; The stabilizing agent of agricultural fungicides; The fixastive of essence; The coagulator of ground brightener etc.
3, glycerine: Glycerine, has another name called for glycerine, and molecular formula is C
3h
8o
3, skeleton symbol HOCH
2cH(OH) CH
2oH, molecular weight is 92.09.Colourless viscous liquid, has sweet taste.17.8 DEG C of fusing points, 290 DEG C of boiling points (decomposition), relative density 1.2613(20/4 DEG C), index of refraction 1.4746,176 DEG C of flash-points (opening cup).Pure glycerin can form crystalline solid, the easiest crystallization while being chilled to-15～-55 DEG C, and water absorptivity is very strong, can be miscible with water, and dissolve in acetone, triclene and ether-ol mixed liquor.Can from air, absorb moisture, also can absorbing hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen cyanide and sulphuric dioxide.Reindeer moss is to neutral.Be placed on for a long time the low temperature place of 0 DEG C, can form fusing point is 17.8 DEG C of glossiness rhomboidal crystals.Meeting strong oxidizer burns and blast as chromium trioxide, potash chlorate, potassium permanganate can cause.Glycerine is for GC stationary liquid and organic synthesis, also can be used as solvent, tolerance is taken into account water pressure engine shock absorber fluid, softening agent, nutritional agents, drying agent etc. for antibiotic fermentation.Glycerine is important industrial chemicals, can be used for manufacturing plastics, synthon, explosive etc.
Claims (3)
1. for the two property solvents of water, oil of acute toxicity test for aquatic organism, it is characterized in that: get the glycerine of 180 grams, the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 150 grams and the dimethyl sulfoxide of 600 grams, for subsequent use;
First the glycerine of 180 grams is mixed with the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 150 grams, obtain water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil;
Then in water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil, add the dimethyl sulfoxide of 600 grams and stir, obtaining water, the two property solvent finished products of oil.
2. for the two property solvents of water, oil of acute toxicity test for aquatic organism, it is characterized in that: get the glycerine of 250 grams, the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 80 grams and the dimethyl sulfoxide of 550 grams, for subsequent use;
First the glycerine of 250 grams is mixed with the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 80 grams, obtain water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil;
Then add the dimethyl sulfoxide of 550 grams and stir at water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil, obtaining water, the two property solvent finished products of oil.
3. for the two property solvents of water, oil of acute toxicity test for aquatic organism, it is characterized in that: get the glycerine of 200 grams, the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 120 grams and the dimethyl sulfoxide of 750 grams, for subsequent use;
First the glycerine of 200 grams is mixed with the dipropylene glycol methyl ether of 120 grams, obtain water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil;
Then add the dimethyl sulfoxide of 750 grams and stir at water, the two property solvent semi-manufacture of oil, obtaining water, the two property solvent finished products of oil.
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Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20100227930A1 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-09 | Lusignan Normand | Ecological quaternary ammonium disinfectant cleaner |
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2012
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3725269A (en) * | 1971-11-24 | 1973-04-03 | Us Air Force | Method of decontaminating an organophosphorus insecticide |
| CN101455194A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2009-06-17 | S.C.约翰逊父子公司 | Transparent aqueous pesticide combination |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
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| 几种典型有害化学品对水生生物的急性毒性;王宏等;《应用与环境生物学报》;20040108;第9卷(第1期);第49-52页 * |
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| 壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚及其降解产物对水生生物的毒理效应;吴伟等;《湛江海洋大学学报》;20080831;第23卷(第4期);摘要，1.2.1溶剂的选择 * |
| 王宏等.几种典型有害化学品对水生生物的急性毒性.《应用与环境生物学报》.2004,第9卷(第1期),第49-52页. |
| 硝基苯对3种中国土著水生生物的毒性;赵志刚等;《生态与农村环境学报》;20110429;第27卷(第1期);第54-59页 * |
| 赵志刚等.硝基苯对3种中国土著水生生物的毒性.《生态与农村环境学报》.2011,第27卷(第1期),第54-59页. |
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