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CN102630619B - 黏性鱼卵杀伤装置 - Google Patents

黏性鱼卵杀伤装置 Download PDF

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CN102630619B
CN102630619B CN2012101267453A CN201210126745A CN102630619B CN 102630619 B CN102630619 B CN 102630619B CN 2012101267453 A CN2012101267453 A CN 2012101267453A CN 201210126745 A CN201210126745 A CN 201210126745A CN 102630619 B CN102630619 B CN 102630619B
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fish
nest
conduction
fish nest
kills
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CN102630619A (zh
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石小涛
刘德富
陈求稳
黄应平
高勇
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M19/00—Apparatus for the destruction of noxious animals, other than insects, by hot water, steam, hot air, or electricity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K79/00—Methods or means of catching fish in bulk not provided for in groups A01K69/00 - A01K77/00, e.g. fish pumps; Detection of fish; Whale fishery
    • A01K79/02—Methods or means of catching fish in bulk not provided for in groups A01K69/00 - A01K77/00, e.g. fish pumps; Detection of fish; Whale fishery by electrocution
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M23/00—Traps for animals
    • A01M23/38—Electric traps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Means For Catching Fish (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

一种黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，每两个导电鱼巢间隔一定距离并列分布，每两个导电鱼巢中的一个导电鱼巢与电源正极连接，另一个导电鱼巢与电源负极连接，各导电鱼巢通过导线串联或并联于电源。本发明提供的黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，由于采用将多个导电鱼巢中每两个导电鱼巢分别连接于电源的正极和负极，利用鱼巢能吸引鱼类产卵，通电后，两导电鱼巢之间形成电场，能将鱼巢内的受精卵杀死，逆向思维从清除鱼类受精卵的角度出发提供了一种清除入侵鱼类的方法，结构简单、易于操作、高效。

Description

黏性鱼卵杀伤装置
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域，尤其涉及一种黏性鱼卵杀伤装置。 
背景技术
在国家和地区交流日益频繁的今天，入侵生物对土著物种造成了一定的生存压力，在部分地区带来了一定的生态负面影响。其中，部分鱼类在一定的地区被归类为入侵物种，被视为应该清除的物种。最典型的例子发生在美国及欧洲，如鲤科鱼类如鲤鱼已经导致了较大的生态问题，导致部分物种种群下降，甚至危及到部分珍稀物种。鲤鱼在美国多个州被立法定位为入侵生物，允许以各种方法清除其现存个体，同时避免水域之间的传播。入侵鱼类的现存个体较难完全清除，主要原因有自然河流湖泊等水域面积宽广、遮蔽物多、鱼类个体行动敏捷、鱼类在水域之间可以互相来往和人类不易控制等。美国已经找到部分清除入侵鱼类的办法，如人工捕捞、电击、号召垂钓、增加入侵鱼类的消费、在水域之间设置闸坝和障碍物等。但是，各方法均存在一定的局限性，如劳动强度大和效率低等，各种有助于清除入侵鱼类的方法有待进一步研究。
目前比较普遍采用的清除入侵鱼类方法主要针对成鱼和幼鱼，从受精卵清除入侵鱼类的角度报道尚较少。部分鱼类如鲤鱼有一个特点，即其所产的卵均为黏性卵,且黏性较强。鲤鱼虽然在流水或静水中均能自然产卵，但是均需要寻找附着物以便受精卵粘附其上。利用包括鲤鱼在内的多种鱼类产黏性卵并需要附着物的特性，人们发现可以人工设置供卵附着物并提高这些鱼类的产卵率。这些人工设置的供卵附着物称为鱼巢。制作鱼巢的材料只需无毒、质地柔软、纤细须多以及在水中易散开不易腐烂即可。常用的鱼巢包括：杨柳树的根系、凤眼莲和筛绢制作的鱼巢等。将鱼巢的根系部分悬浮在水中，即可在繁殖季节吸引鲤鱼产卵于鱼巢上。鱼巢是人们利用鱼类的产卵特征发现的提高鱼类繁殖成功率的方法，能否逆向思维，即是否可以利用鱼类的产黏性卵特征对入侵鱼类的鱼卵进行清除，值得深思。
电击是普遍采用的一种捕捞或控制鱼类成体或幼体的方法。常见的主要有电捕鱼，此外还有低压电麻醉鱼等。受精卵是鱼类生活史中最脆弱的时期之一，对人类相对安全的低压电即可将其致死。利用受精卵黏着于附着物和低压电即可致死的特性，可以产生一种杀伤入侵鱼类受精卵的方法，有必要发明一种黏性鱼卵杀伤装置。 
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，能吸引鱼类产卵并将受精卵杀死，结构简单、易于操作、高效。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，每两个导电鱼巢间隔一定距离并列分布，每两个导电鱼巢中的一个导电鱼巢与电源正极连接，另一个导电鱼巢与电源负极连接，各导电鱼巢通过导线串联或并联于电源。
导电鱼巢由鱼巢和设于鱼巢内的导电装置组成，导电装置通过导线串联或并联后与电源连接。
导电装置为细金属丝或金属网。
导电鱼巢为杨柳树的根系制鱼巢或一端固定的塑料绳须鱼巢。
两相邻的导电鱼巢间隔距离为0.1～0.5米。
各导电鱼巢固定于浮杆上。
电源为电压和电流可调的直流电源，电源电压为5～36v。
本发明提供的黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，有益效果如下：
1、由于采用将多个导电鱼巢中每两个导电鱼巢分别连接于电源的正极和负极，利用鱼巢能吸引鱼类产卵，通电后，两导电鱼巢之间形成电场，能将鱼巢内的受精卵杀死，逆向思维从清除鱼类受精卵的角度出发提供了一种清除入侵鱼类的方法，结构简单、易于操作、高效。
2、浮杆的设计能保证各导电鱼巢在水中悬浮，还可固定各导电鱼巢在水中各自的相对距离，防止其互相接近。
3、选择5～36v低压电源即可实现鱼巢内的受精卵的杀死，不会对人体造成伤害，安全高效。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明导电装置为金属网的示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，一种黏性鱼卵杀伤装置由多个导电鱼巢1、导线2和电源构成，每两个导电鱼巢1间隔一定距离并列分布，每两个导电鱼巢1中的一个导电鱼巢1与电源正极3连接，另一个导电鱼巢1与电源负极5连接，各导电鱼巢1通过导线2串联或并联于电源。
导电鱼巢1由鱼巢和设于鱼巢内的导电装置4组成，导电装置4通过导线2串联或并联后与电源连接。
导电鱼巢为一端固定的塑料绳须鱼巢，由一束塑料绳须制作，塑料绳须长0.8m，粗0.01m，每束200根，一端黏着在一起，一端自由散开，整体在水体中可呈蓬松状，似水草。
两相邻的导电鱼巢1间隔距离为0.1～0.5米。
导电装置4为金属网，金属网的结构如图2所示。金属网固定于鱼巢的黏着端。鱼巢的黏着端系浮杆6，便于鱼巢的散开端悬浮于水中。选用硬物做为浮杆6，如竹竿，还可固定各导电鱼巢1在水中各自的相对距离，防止其互相接近。
电源为电压和电流可调的直流电源，电源电压为5～36v。
开通电源，调整电压到24v，通电5秒钟，连接于电源正负极的两导电鱼巢1之间形成电场，电场中的受精卵均会马上死亡。
也可根据实际情况，定时接通电源，调整到所需的电压，即实现分批产鱼卵的分批电击，最终达到去除导电鱼巢1内鱼卵的目的。
连接于电源正负极的两导电鱼巢1之间的相隔距离，不宜太远，以便接通电流后能形成电场，一般为0.1～0.5米。
导电装置4还可采用细金属丝代替金属网，导电鱼巢可采用杨柳树的根系制鱼巢代替塑料绳须鱼巢。 

Claims (7)

1.一种黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，其特征在于：每两个导电鱼巢（1）间隔一定距离并列分布，每两个导电鱼巢（1）中的一个导电鱼巢（1）与电源正极（3）连接，另一个导电鱼巢（1）与电源负极（5）连接，各导电鱼巢（1）通过导线（2）串联或并联于电源。
2.根据权利要求1所述的黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，其特征在于：导电鱼巢（1）由鱼巢和设于鱼巢内的导电装置（4）组成，导电装置（4）通过导线（2）串联或并联后与电源连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，其特征在于：导电装置（4）为细金属丝或金属网。
4.根据权利要求2所述的黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，其特征在于：导电鱼巢（1）为杨柳树的根系制鱼巢或一端固定的塑料绳须鱼巢。
5.根据权利要求1所述的黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，其特征在于：两相邻的导电鱼巢（1）间隔距离为0.1～0.5米。
6.根据权利要求1所述的黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，其特征在于：各导电鱼巢（1）固定于浮杆（6）上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的黏性鱼卵杀伤装置，其特征在于：电源电压为24v。
CN2012101267453A 2012-04-27 2012-04-27 黏性鱼卵杀伤装置 Expired - Fee Related CN102630619B (zh)

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CN2012101267453A CN102630619B (zh) 2012-04-27 2012-04-27 黏性鱼卵杀伤装置
US14/123,111 US9357761B2 (en) 2012-04-27 2013-03-08 Viscous fish egg killing device
PCT/CN2013/072339 WO2013159603A1 (zh) 2012-04-27 2013-03-08 黏性鱼卵杀伤装置

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CN102630619B (zh) * 2012-04-27 2013-07-17 三峡大学 黏性鱼卵杀伤装置
US20190254476A1 (en) 2019-02-25 2019-08-22 Sharkninja Operating Llc Cooking device and components thereof
WO2021194092A1 (ko) * 2020-03-23 2021-09-30 김재훈 전기자극을 이용한 피임 및 해충 제거 방법
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