CN102638126A

CN102638126A - Hub motor

Info

Publication number: CN102638126A
Application number: CN2012100977703A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宏艳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-03-30
Filing date: 2012-03-30
Publication date: 2012-08-15

Abstract

The invention relates to a hub motor. An oil baffle plate is arranged between the motor and a speed change device in an inner cavity of a hub shell; the oil baffle plate and the hub shell are integrated or fixed with each other to form a whole; an outer ring of a clutch is fixed on the oil baffle plate; an inner ring of the clutch and the outer ring of the clutch are concentrically sleeved and fixed by a left baffle plate and a right baffle plate of the clutch and do unidirectional rotation under the reaction of a ratchet wheel jack; a planetary wheel of the speed change device is arranged on a pin shaft of the inner ring of the clutch and rotates; an inner tooth ring is fixed on a through shaft; rotor magnetic steel of the motor is arranged between the left baffle plate and the right baffle plate; a magnetic steel fixing piece is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor magnetic steel; a noise reduction material is attached to a ratchet jack in the clutch; the planetary wheel of the speed change device is a metal and non-metal composite gear; and the hub shell is supported by a bearing and rotates on the through shaft. The hub motor has the advantages of simple structure, high assembly precision, high torque, low cost, small sliding resistance and long service life.

Description

Hub motor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of hub motor, particularly relate to a kind of hub motor that has speed change gear and clutch.

Background technology

As everyone knows, the hub motor of selling on the market is though have clutch; But the inner chamber of motor and speed change gear is packing less; In its speed change gear, can only inject grease lubrication, lose lubrication to the periphery of parts owing to speed change gear parts action of centrifugal force is dispersed lubricating grease, and lubricating grease dry again than comparatively fast; Useful life is short, influences the performance and the life-span of speed change gear.

The brushless high-speed motor of a kind of electric vehicle is disclosed in one Chinese patent application prospectus 200820086001.2.Though inject lubricating oil and can not get into the motor inner chamber of sealing at the wheel hub inner chamber, speed change gear be set directly in the wheel hub inner chamber and with the whole blow-by of motor, lubricating oil is in whole wheel hub inner chamber; So not only be unfavorable for heat radiation, but also increased oil mass and weight, motor is immersed in the lubricating oil, be unfavorable for maintenance.

A kind of hub motor and speed change gear are disclosed in the Chinese patent prospectus 200920159242.X of my application.In the wheel hub shell inner cavity, be provided with oil baffle; Motor and speed change gear are thoroughly isolated overcome above-mentioned deficiency; But its clutch is to be fixed on axis, end cap or the wheel hub shell; Be not easy to the fixing of arrangement of clutch, cause the assembly precision between the speed change gear gear to reduce even the excessive deficiency that waits of volume.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention is to overcome above deficiency and provides the inner chamber of a kind of motor and speed change gear to be fixed on the hub motor on the oil baffle by oil baffle isolating seal and clutch.

The technical scheme that the present invention is taked for its technical problem of solution is: a kind of hub motor, and it comprises by motor stator, rotor, axle, speed change gear, clutch and wheel hub shell and forming that speed change gear adopts the planetary gear transmission; Wheel hub shell 59 adopts spokes wheeled, in the bore of wheel hub shell 59 oil baffle 15 is set, and oil baffle 15 is integral with wheel hub shell 59 or split typely is fixed into one by screw; Oil baffle 15 is motor and speed change gear isolating seal, and the stator 9 of motor is fixedly connected with stator support 8 and is fixed on the axis 2 by key pin 2 42 and jump ring 3 43, and motor rotor 10 is fixedly connected with armature spindle 12 and is supported on the axis 2 and by jump ring 38 maintenances through bearing 6 39, bearing 7 40; Between bearing 6 39 and bearing 7 40, back-up ring 1 is set, between stator support 8 and bearing 7 40, maintenance back-up ring 2 41 is set, rotor gear 34 is fixed on the armature spindle 12 by screw 13; Between rotor gear 34 and oil baffle 15, seal 2 35 is set; Between rotor gear 34 and axis 2, seal 3 37 is set, the left and

right end cap

5,22 of wheel hub is connected by screw 7 maintenances respectively with wheel hub shell 59, and the left and

right end cap

5,22 of wheel hub is supported on the axis 2 by bearing 1, bearing 2 23 and respectively by two jump rings, 44,24 axial maintenances; Between the left and

right end cap

5,22 of wheel hub and axis 2, seal 1 is set respectively; On the optional position of the corresponding wheel hub shell circumference of the right end cap 22 of wheel hub or speed change gear inner chamber, notes, jettison gear are set, on stator support 8, circuit control device are set, the pilot 1 of motor passes in the centre bore of axis 2 or from outlet axle sleeve 56 holes of wheel hub left end cap 5, passes; Passing of pilot 1 seal is set in the hole; It is characterized in that: described clutch outer 17 is fixed on the oil baffle 15 by screw 16, and clutch outer 17 is fixed on by pin 63 with clutch inner ring 31 concentric suits and through left and right two

baffle plates

33,30 of clutch and does the slide relative rotation on the clutch inner ring 31, and clutch inner ring 31 is integral with planet carrier; On clutch inner ring 31, fixedly install pivot pin 27; The planetary gear 19 of speed change gear is supported on the pivot pin 27 through bearing 3 26, village cover 29 with packing ring 28 and by the jump ring maintenance, and overlap 29 maintenances and in planetary gear 19 axis holes, is with packing ring 28 and is slidingly matched in the village, and the ring gear 18 of speed change gear is fixedly connected through screw 20 with gear ring support 21 and is integral and is fixed on the axis 2 by key pin 1 and jump ring 1; Rotor gear 34 driving planetary gears 19 are done around ring gear 18 and are relatively rotated; Clutch inner ring 31 is done and the identical one-directional rotation of said motor rotor 10 directions, and said clutch adopts ratchet and pawl arrangement, in the pawl slot that ratchet very heavy 60 is arranged on the clutch inner ring 31 by spring 62 maintenances and can rise or fall with α angle wing; Interior ratchet engagement and drive hub shell 59 that said clutch inner ring 31 drives ratchet very heavy 60 and clutch outer 17 rotate; Between said clutch inner ring 31 and the rotor gear 34 location bearing 4 32 is set, between rotor gear 34 and axis 2, bearing 5 36 is set, described ratchet very heavy 60 adopts metal material and all or part of fixedly noise abatement material 61 that adheres on the outer surface of ratchet very heavy 60; Said planetary gear 19 adopts metal and nonmetal compound gear; The left and

right end cap

5,22 of said wheel hub is provided with the engaging lug 58 of rectangular dentation respectively with wheel hub shell 59 two ends corresponding fixed position and is that 3 multiple is fixedly connected by screw 7 respectively, between the left and

right end cap

5,22 of wheel hub and wheel hub shell 59, the sealing bayonet socket is set respectively, on the radial end face near the wheel hub left end cap 5 of stator 9 and oil baffle 15 inboards, radiation fan blade A6 and fan blade B14 is set respectively.

The present invention can also adopt following technical measures:

Said clutch outer 17 is fixed on the oil baffle 15 by screw 16 or clutch outer 17 is fixed on the inner chamber of wheel hub shell 59, and described clutch is ratchet and pawl arrangement or roller, cotter mechanism.

In the pawl slot that described ratchet very heavy 60 is arranged on the clutch inner ring 31 or in the pawl slot that is arranged on the clutch outer 17 of ratchet very heavy 60 and corresponding clutch inner ring 31 be arranged to the ratchet profile of tooth, described ratchet very heavy 60 is provided with one at least with corresponding pawl slot.

Said ratchet very heavy 60 is to adhere to fixedly noise abatement material 61 on metal material and the outer surface or do not have noise abatement material 61, and described noise abatement material 61 is rubber, polyurethane, plastic cement, nylon, resin or engineering plastics.

Described speed change gear is planetary gear transmission, Harmonic Gears or cycloid gear transmission, and described planetary gear 19 is provided with one and employing metal and nonmetal compound gear, nonetallic gear or metal gear at least.

Described motor be 1. external-rotor-type be the bore that stator 9 is enclosed within motor rotor 10; 2. inner-rotor-type be stator 9 be enclosed within magnet steel 64 bonding on motor rotor 10 outsides and the motor rotor 10 be arranged on the left and right baffle plate of magnet steel 49, between 52; Magnet steel fixture 65 is set on the outer surface of magnet steel 64 circumference, and 3. the single rotor of disc type or dual-rotor structure are that stator 9 is installed in the axial side of motor rotor 10 or middle one kind of.

Described motor is an inner-rotor-type, its motor stator 9 be fixed on the stator case 51 and by bearing 6 39 be supported on the rotor gear 34 or stator 9 by bolt 50, nut 54 direct retentions at the left and right end cap of stator 48, be integral between 53 and stator left end cap 48 is fixed on the axis 2 by key pin 3 45.

Described axis 2 or two semiaxis formulas, its axis 2 and left half axle support plate 2 ' fixedly be one or right axle shaft 21 ' with gear ring support 21 fixedly are one and are fixed on the stator left end cap 48 by the screw 55,20 at two ends respectively and on the ring gear 18.

Described rotor gear 34 or motor rotor 10 are that split type maintenance links into an integrated entity or directly make integral type with armature spindle 12.

The described hub shell 59 of taking turns adopts spokes promptly take turns hub shell 59 and wheel rim 57 wheeled or that adopt integrated wheel to make integral type.

Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are: simple in structure, assembly precision is high, torque is big, cost is low, the little and long service life of resistance of taxing.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and execution mode the present invention is done further explain.

Fig. 1 is an outer-rotor structure show in schematic partial sections of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an inner rotor core show in schematic partial sections of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the show in schematic partial sections of the another kind of form of Fig. 2 execution mode.

Fig. 4 is a semiaxis formula structural representation property partial sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the partial sectional view that has pilot outlet axle sleeve of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the partial sectional view that hub shell and wheel rim make integral type of taking turns of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a clutch configuration sketch map of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a clutch schematic side view of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is hub shell and the end cap retention system sketch map of taking turns of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a rotor magnetic steel retention system sketch map of the present invention.

Among Fig. 1-Figure 10: 1. pilot; 2. axis; 2 '. the left half axle support plate; 3. seal one; 4. bearing one; 5. left end cap; 6. fan blade A; 7. screw; 8. stator support; 9. stator; 10. motor rotor; 11. back-up ring one; 12. armature spindle; 13. screw; 14. fan blade B; 15. oil baffle; 16. screw; 17. clutch outer; 18. ring gear; 19. planetary gear; 20. screw; 21. gear ring support; 21 '. right axle shaft; 22. right end cap; 23. bearing two; 24. jump ring one; 25. key pin one; 26. bearing three; 27. pivot pin; 28. packing ring; 29. lining; 30. the right cover plate of clutch; 31. clutch inner ring; 32. bearing four; 33. clutch left cover; 34. rotor gear; 35. seal two; 36. bearing five; 37. seal three; 38. jump ring two; 39. bearing six; 40. bearing seven; 41. back-up ring two; 42. key pin two; 43. jump ring three; 44. jump ring four; 45. key pin three; 46. jump ring five; 47. bearing eight; 48. stator left end cap; 49. magnet steel right baffle-plate; 50. screw; 51. stator case; 52. the right baffle plate of magnet steel; 53. stator right end cap; 54. nut; 55. screw; 56. outlet axle sleeve; 57. wheel rim; 58. wheel hub end housing engaging lug; 59. wheel hub shell; 60. ratchet is very heavy; 61. noise abatement material; 62. spring; 63. pin; 64. magnet steel; 65. magnet steel fixture.

Embodiment

For further understanding summary of the invention of the present invention, characteristics and effect, the following examples of giving an example now, and conjunction with figs. specifies as follows: see also Fig. 1 to Figure 10.

Embodiment 1: motor employing external-rotor-type is that example is explained with the electric assisted bicycle.

Like Fig. 1, Fig. 5 to shown in Figure 9: what motor adopted external-rotor-type is the bore (current techique seldom details) that stator 9 is enclosed within motor rotor 10, and speed change gear adopts one or more levels planetary gear transmission (current techique seldom details) or adopts Harmonic Gears, cycloid gear transmission, and wheel hub shell 59 adopts spokes promptly take turns hub shell 59 and wheel rim 57 wheeled or that adopt integrated wheel to make integral type; Bore at wheel hub shell 59 is provided with oil baffle 15, and oil baffle 15 is integral with wheel hub shell 59 or split typely is fixed into one by screw, and oil baffle 15 is stator 9, motor rotor 10 and speed change gear isolating seal; Stator 9 is fixedly connected (or stator 9 is integral with stator support 8) and is fixed on (the bearing retaining can also be set replaces jump ring 3 43 to use) on the axis 2 by key pin 2 42 and jump ring 3 43 on axis 2 with stator support 8, motor rotor 10 is fixedly connected (or motor rotor 10 and armature spindle 12 directly be integral) and is supported on the axis 2 through bearing 6 39, bearing 7 40 and by jump ring 38 maintenances, between bearing 6 39 and bearing 7 40, back-up ring 1 is set with armature spindle 12; Between stator support 8 and bearing 7 40, maintenance back-up ring 2 41 is set, rotor gear 34 is fixed on the armature spindle 12 (or being fixed on motor rotor 10) by screw 13, and rotor gear 34 can also directly be integral use with armature spindle 12 or motor rotor 10; Between rotor gear 34 and oil baffle 15, seal 2 35 is set, between rotor gear 34 and axis 2, seal 3 37 is set, the left and right end cap 5,22 of wheel hub is connected by screw 7 maintenances respectively with wheel hub shell 59; The left and right end cap 5,22 of wheel hub is supported on the axis 2 by bearing 1, bearing 2 23 and respectively by two jump rings, 44,24 axial maintenances, between the left and right end cap 5,22 of wheel hub and axis 2, seal 1 is set respectively, on the optional position of the corresponding wheel hub shell circumference of the right end cap 22 of wheel hub or speed change gear inner chamber, notes, jettison gear (not shown) is set; The circuit control device (not shown) is set on stator support 8, and the pilot 1 of motor passes in the centre bore of axis 2 or pilot 1 passes from outlet axle sleeve 56 holes of wheel hub left end cap 5, and outlet this moment axle sleeve 56 is fixed on the axis 2 and water-tight; The bearing 4 of carries left end cap 5 is fixed on the outlet axle sleeve 56, passing of pilot 1 the seal (not shown) is set in the hole, and clutch outer 17 is fixed in the same core groove on the oil baffle 15 by screw 16; Clutch outer 17 and clutch inner ring 31 concentric suits and be fixed on the clutch inner ring 31 (or left and right two baffle plates 33,30 of clutch fix, advance ball is set supports) through left and right two baffle plates 33,30 of clutch by pin 63 between left and right two baffle plates 33,30 of clutch and clutch outer 17 and do the slide relative rotation with clutch inner ring 31 threaded engagement, clutch inner ring 31 and planetary gear are integral; On clutch inner ring 31, fixedly install pivot pin 27, the planetary gear 19 of speed change gear (being provided with at least) is supported on the pivot pin 27 through bearing 3 26, village's cover 29 and packing ring 28 and by jump ring maintenance (or directly being rotated by two bearings between planetary gear 19 and the pivot pin 27), it is the optimal ways among the present invention that three planetary gears 19 are set in the present embodiment; Overlap 29 maintenances and in planetary gear 19 axis holes, be with packing ring 28 and be slidingly matched in the village, and the ring gear 18 of speed change gear is fixedly connected and is integral (or ring gear 18 and gear ring support 21 directly processing be one and use) and is fixed on the axis 2 by key pin 1 and jump ring 1 through screw 20 with gear ring support 21, and rotor gear 34 (sun gear) drives planetary gear 19 and does around ring gear 18 and relatively rotate; Clutch inner ring 31 (planetary wheel carrier) is done and the identical one-directional rotation of said motor rotor 10 directions, and clutch adopts ratchet and pawl arrangement (or adopting roller, cotter mechanism), and ratchet very heavy 60 is provided with (being provided with one at least) and in the pawl slot on the clutch inner ring 31 (planetary wheel carrier), (or on clutch outer 17, pawl slot is set; On clutch inner ring 31, ratchet being set is used) by spring 62 maintenances and can rise or fall with α angle wing, ratchet very heavy 60 adopts metal materials and is all adhering to fixedly noise abatement material 61 on the outer surface of ratchet very heavy 60 or adhering to fixedly noise abatement material 61 (or not bonding noise abatement material directly uses on ratchet very heavy 60) on the ratchet very heavy 60 and the outer surface top of the interior ratchet contact site of clutch outer 17, and noise abatement material 61 employing rubber or polyurethane, plastic cement, nylon, resin and engineering plastics vulcanize or the bonding close attachment of injection moulding; Rotate in the same way with the interior ratchet engagement of clutch outer 17 when clutch inner ring 31 (planetary wheel carrier) rotates and drive ratchet very heavy 60, drive hub shell 59 rotates, and between clutch inner ring 31 and rotor gear 34, location bearing 4 32 is set; Bearing 5 36 is set to increase the radially bearing capacity (bearing 5 36 both can be that the zanjon bearing also can be a needle bearing) of rotor gear 34 between rotor gear 34 and axis 2, said planetary gear 19 adopts metal and nonmetal compound gear or adopts nonetallic gear, simple metal gear, the particularly existing metal section and part of the flank of tooth of planetary gear 19 that the compound gear of non-metallic part is arranged again is the optimal way among the present invention; The left and right end cap 5,22 of said wheel hub is provided with the engaging lug 58 of rectangular dentation respectively with wheel hub shell 59 two ends corresponding fixed position and is that 3 multiple is fixedly connected by screw 7 respectively, like this can be relative reduce motor outside dimension and weight, between the left and right end cap 5,22 of wheel hub and wheel hub shell 59,0 RunddichtringO bayonet socket (not shown) is set respectively or the employing fluid sealant seals; On the radial end face inboard, radiation fan blade A6 and fan blade B14 are set respectively near the wheel hub left end cap of stator 95 and oil baffle 15; When wheel hub shell 59 rotated, the fan blade B14 that on fan blade A6 that is provided with on the wheel hub left end cap 5 and oil baffle 15, is provided with (fan blade A6 and fan blade B14 double as gusset simultaneously use) produced gentle breeze and gives stator 9 and motor rotor 10 radiating and coolings, improves moyor.

Above-mentioned seal 1, seal 2 35 adopt oil sealing or adopt O RunddichtringO, sealing gasket with seal 3 37; Can also speed change gear pairing take turns on the hub shell 59 or the right end cap 22 of wheel hub on notes, jettison gear are set, be convenient to more oil change, fat.

During use; Ring gear 18 is fixed on the axis 2 motionless; When getting electric stator 9 coil electricities of motor of giving, circuit control device (or controller) produces rotating magnetic field; Motor rotor 10 driving rotor gear 34 under the effect of magnetic field force rotates, and rotor gear 34 (sun gear) driving planetary gear 19 is done around ring gear 18 and relatively rotated, and clutch inner ring 31 (planetary wheel carrier) is done the one-directional rotation identical with said motor rotor 10 directions and driven ratchet very heavy 60 and rotates in the same way with the interior ratchet engagement of clutch outer 17 under the promotion of planetary gear 19; Drive hub shell 59 rotates, and electric assisted bicycle advances.Otherwise; Circuit control device (or controller) dead electricity, motor and speed change gear stop operating, this moment; The interior ratchet of clutch outer 17 and ratchet very heavy 60 thrown off; Wheel hub shell 59 is rotated further under effect of inertia, and clutch outer 17 is slided around clutch inner ring 31 and rotated, and electric assisted bicycle continues slidable travel.Because the inner chamber of speed change gear is marked with lubricating oil, fat and seals, thereby make the parts in the speed change gear can under the effect of lubricating oil, fat, obtain good lubricating, reduce wearing and tearing, increase the service life.

Its advantage is: simple in structure, assembly precision is high, torque is big, cost is low, the little and long service life of resistance of taxing.

Embodiment 2: motor employing inner-rotor-type is that example is explained with the electric assisted bicycle.

Like Fig. 2, shown in Figure 10: what motor adopted inner-rotor-type is that stator 9 is enclosed within motor rotor 10 outsides; Stator 9 is fixed on the stator case 51; One end of stator case 51 is supported on the rotor gear 34 (stator case 51 be with right end cap 53 be wholely set) by bearing 6 39; The other end of stator case 51 is fixedly connected by screw 50 with stator left end cap 48; Stator left end cap 48 by key pin 3 45 and jump ring 4 44 maintenances on axis 2, on the motor rotor 10 bonding magnet steel 64 be arranged on the left and right baffle plate of magnet steel 49, between 52, and left and right baffle plate 49,52 external diameters of magnet steel both can be less than or equal to rotor magnetic steel Zhou Jing; Also can be slightly larger than rotor magnetic steel Zhou Jing; Can help motor commutation and raise the efficiency so that bonding magnetic steel prevents to disturb between magnet steel axial endplay and magnetic pole like this, magnet steel fixture 65 is set on the outer surface of magnet steel 64 circumference; Magnet steel fixture 65 both can be non-magnetic thin plate or steel wire around magnet steel circumference banding magnet steel, also can be that non-metal engineering material or adhesive evenly solidify magnet steel around magnet steel outer surface circumference.Its operation principle and method for using and advantage and embodiment 1 are identical.

Another embodiment of the invention; As shown in Figure 3: the stator 9 of motor by bolt 50, nut 54 direct retentions at the left and right end cap of stator 48, be integral between 53 and stator left end cap 48 is fixed on the axis 2 by key pin 3 45; Can save stator case 51 like this; Can also on the radially-outer surface of the left and right end cap 48,53 of stator, louvre be set, help stator heat radiation and reduce cost, it is the optimal way in the present embodiment.Its operation principle and method for using and advantage and embodiment 1 are identical.

The present invention also has a kind of execution mode; As shown in Figure 4: the axis 2 of hub motor or two semiaxis formulas; Its axis 2 and left half axle support plate 2 ' fixedly be one or right axle shaft 21 ' with gear ring support 21 fixedly are one and are fixed on the stator left end cap 48 by the screw 55,20 at two ends respectively and on the ring gear 18, rotor gear at this moment 34 and armature spindle 12 can be integral and be solid or hollow use.The structure setting at all the other positions and method for using and advantage and embodiment 1 are identical.

The present invention can also adopt following scheme; It is an axial side or the middle (not shown) that stator 9 is installed in motor rotor 10 that motor rotor 10 adopts the single rotor or the dual-rotor structure of disc type; Can shorten the motor axial length like this, dual-rotor structure increases motor power and moment of torsion.The structure setting at all the other positions and method for using and advantage and embodiment 1 are identical.

At the hub motor described in the above embodiment, its braking mechanism can be integral use with wheel hub end housing.

The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment,, so long as clutch is fixed on the oil baffle of wheel hub shell inner cavity, all drop within the protection range of patent of the present invention on the wheel hub shell or on the inner support of wheel hub shell.And protection scope of the present invention should comprise those conspicuous to those skilled in the art conversion or substitute and change shape.

Claims

1. hub motor, it comprises by motor stator, rotor, axle, speed change gear, clutch and wheel hub shell and forming that speed change gear adopts the planetary gear transmission; Wheel hub shell (59) adopts spoke wheeled, in the bore of wheel hub shell (59) oil baffle (15) is set, and oil baffle (15) is integral with wheel hub shell (59) or split typely is fixed into one by screw; Oil baffle (15) is motor and speed change gear isolating seal, and the stator of motor (9) is fixedly connected with stator support (8) and is fixed on the axis (2) by key pin two (42) and jump ring three (43), and motor rotor (10) is fixedly connected with armature spindle (12) through bearing six (39), bearing seven (40) and is supported on the axis (2) and by jump ring (38) maintenance; Between bearing six (39) and bearing seven (40), back-up ring one (11) is set, between stator support (8) and bearing seven (40), maintenance back-up ring two (41) is set, rotor gear (34) is fixed on the armature spindle (12) by screw (13); Between rotor gear (34) and oil baffle (15), seal two (35) is set; Between rotor gear (34) and axis (2), seal three (37) is set, the left and right end cap of wheel hub (5,22) is connected by screw (7) maintenance respectively with wheel hub shell (59), and the left and right end cap of wheel hub (5,22) is supported on by bearing one (4), bearing two (23) that axis (2) is gone up and respectively by the axial maintenance of two jump rings (44,24); Between the left and right end cap (5,22) of wheel hub and axis (2), seal one (3) is set respectively; On the optional position of the corresponding wheel hub shell circumference of the right end cap (22) of wheel hub or speed change gear inner chamber, notes, jettison gear are set, on stator support (8), circuit control device are set, the pilot of motor (1) passes in the centre bore of axis (2) or from outlet axle sleeve (56) hole of wheel hub left end cap (5), passes; Passing of pilot (1) seal is set in the hole; It is characterized in that: described clutch outer (17) is fixed on the oil baffle (15) by screw (16), and clutch outer (17) is fixed on by pin (63) with the concentric suit of clutch inner ring (31) and through left and right two baffle plates of clutch (33,30) and does the slide relative rotation on the clutch inner ring (31), and clutch inner ring (31) is integral with planet carrier; On clutch inner ring (31), fixedly install pivot pin (27); The planetary gear of speed change gear (19) is supported on through bearing three (26), village cover (29) and packing ring (28) that pivot pin (27) is gone up and by the jump ring maintenance, and village's cover (29) maintenance is with packing ring (28) planetary gear (19) axis hole in and is slidingly matched, and the ring gear of speed change gear (18) is fixedly connected through screw (20) with gear ring support (21) and is integral and is fixed on the axis (2) by key pin one (25) and jump ring one (24); Rotor gear (34) driving planetary gear (19) is done around ring gear (18) and is relatively rotated; Clutch inner ring (31) is done and the identical one-directional rotation of said motor rotor (10) direction, and said clutch adopts ratchet and pawl arrangement, and ratchet very heavy (60) is arranged in the pawl slot on the clutch inner ring (31) by spring (62) maintenance and can rises or fall with α angle wing; Interior ratchet engagement and drive hub shell (59) that said clutch inner ring (31) drives ratchet very heavy (60) and clutch outer (17) rotate; Between said clutch inner ring (31) and the rotor gear (34) location bearing four (32) is set, between rotor gear (34) and axis (2), bearing five (36) is set, described ratchet very heavy (60) adopts metal material and all or part of fixedly noise abatement material (61) that adheres on the outer surface of ratchet very heavy (60); Said planetary gear (19) adopts metal and nonmetal compound gear; The left and right end cap of said wheel hub (5,22) is provided with the engaging lug (58) of rectangular dentation respectively with wheel hub shell (59) two ends corresponding fixed position and is that 3 multiple is fixedly connected by screw (7) respectively, between the left and right end cap (5,22) of wheel hub and wheel hub shell (59), the sealing bayonet socket is set respectively, on the radial end face near the wheel hub left end cap (5) of stator (9) and oil baffle (15) inboard, radiation fan blade A (6) and fan blade B (14) is set respectively.

2. hub motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said clutch outer (17) is fixed on by screw (16) that oil baffle (15) is gone up or clutch outer (17) is fixed on the inner chamber of wheel hub shell (59), and described clutch is ratchet and pawl arrangement or roller, cotter mechanism.

3. hub motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described ratchet very heavy (60) is arranged in the pawl slot on the clutch inner ring (31) or ratchet very heavy (60) is arranged in the pawl slot on the clutch outer (17) and corresponding clutch inner ring (31) is arranged to the ratchet profile of tooth, and described ratchet very heavy (60) is provided with one at least with corresponding pawl slot.

4. hub motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said ratchet very heavy (60) is to adhere to fixedly noise abatement material (61) on metal material and the outer surface or do not have noise abatement material (61), and described noise abatement material (61) is rubber, polyurethane, plastic cement, nylon, resin or engineering plastics.

5. hub motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described speed change gear is planetary gear transmission, Harmonic Gears or cycloid gear transmission, and described planetary gear (19) is provided with one and employing metal and nonmetal compound gear, nonetallic gear or metal gear at least.

6. hub motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described motor be 1. external-rotor-type be the bore that stator (9) is enclosed within motor rotor (10); 2. inner-rotor-type is that stator (9) is enclosed within motor rotor (10) outside and the last bonding magnet steel (64) of motor rotor (10) is arranged between the left and right baffle plate of magnet steel (49,52); Magnet steel fixture (65) is set on the outer surface of magnet steel (64) circumference, and 3. the single rotor of disc type or dual-rotor structure are that stator (9) is installed in the axial side of motor rotor (10) or middle one kind of.

7. hub motor according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: described motor is an inner-rotor-type, its stator (9) be fixed on that stator case (51) goes up and by bearing six (39) be supported on that rotor gear (34) is gone up or stator (9) by bolt (50), nut (54) direct retention between the left and right end cap of stator (48,53), is integral and stator left end cap (48) is fixed on the axis (2) by key pin three (45).

8. hub motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described axis (2) or two semiaxis formulas, its axis (2) and left half axle support plate (2 ') fixedly are one or right axle shaft (21 ') and gear ring support (21) and fixedly are one and are fixed on the stator left end cap (48) by the screw (55,20) at two ends respectively and on the ring gear (18).

9. hub motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rotor gear (34) or motor rotor (10) are that split type maintenance links into an integrated entity or directly make integral type with armature spindle (12).

10. hub motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described hub shell (59) of taking turns adopts spoke i.e. wheel hub shell (59) wheeled or that adopt integrated wheel and wheel rim (57) to make integral type.